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Assessing Reclamation Levels of Coastal Saline Lands with Integrated Stepwise Discriminant Analysis and Laboratory Hyperspectral Data

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Pedosphere 2006年第2期16卷 154-160页

作者： SHI Zhou CHENG Jie-Liang HUANG Ming-Xiang ZHOU Lian-Qing Institute of Agricultural Remote Sensing and Information System Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310029 （China）. State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science Institute of Remote Sensing Application Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 （China）

At different times over the past 30 years in Zhejiang Province, China, the coastal tidelands have been successively enclosed and reclaimed for agricultural land use. The purpose of this work was to evaluate whether laboratory hyperspectral data might be used to estimate the physicochemical characteristics of these reclaimed saline soils. A coastal region of Shangyu City (Zhejiang Province), which was grouped into four subzones according to reclamation history, was used as the study area, and soil samples were collected in each subzone. Physicochemical analyses showed that the soils were characterized by high electrical conductivity and sand content with low organic matter; the longer the saline lands had been reclaimed, the lower were the electrical conductivity and sand content and the higher the organic matter content. These changing trends of soil chemical and physical properties were found in laboratory reflectance spectra of soil samples and their first-order derivative curves. Stepwise discriminant analysis (SDA) identified six salient spectral bands at 488, 530, 670, 880, 1400, and 1900 nm. Using derived discriminant functions for saline lands with different historical years of reclamation, classification revealed an overall accuracy from a self-test of 86.6% and from cross-validation of 89.3%. Therefore, as opposed to time-consuming field investigations, this study suggested that remotely sensed hyperspectral data could serve as a promising measure to assess the reclamation levels of coastal saline lands.

关键词： hyperspectra reclamation remote sensing saline soil SDA

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Germination strategies under climate change scenarios along an aridity gradient

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2020年第4期13卷 470-477页

作者： Alexander Zogas Evsey Kosman Marcelo Sternberg Porter School of Environmental Studies Tel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael School of Plant Sciences and Food Security George S.Wise Faculty of Life SciencesTel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael Institute for Cereal Crops Improvement School of Plant Sciences and Food SecurityGeorge S.Wise Faculty of Life SciencesTel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael

Aims Climate change in the eastern Mediterranean region will have a strong impact on ecosystem functioning and plant community dynamics due to a reduction in annual rainfall and increased *** aim to understand the role of seed banks as potential buffers against climatic uncertainty determined by climate *** We examined germination strategies of 18 common species present along an aridity *** were obtained from soil seed banks germinated during nine consecutive years from arid,semi-arid,Mediterranean and mesic Mediterranean *** the semi-arid and Mediterranean sites,rainfall manipulations simulating 30%drought and 30%rainfall increase were *** strategies were tested under optimal irrigation conditions during three consecutive germination seasons to determine overall seed germinability in each soil *** in germination strategy were examined using a novel statistical approach that considers the climatic and biotic factors that may affect seed *** Findings The results showed that dominant species controlled their germination fractions by producing seeds with a different yearly germination fraction *** amount of rainfall under which the seeds were produced led to two major seed types with respect to germinability:high germinability,seeds leading to transient seed banks,and low germinability,seeds leading to persistent seed *** conclude that differential seed production among wet and dry years of both seed types creates a stable balance along the aridity gradient,enabling the soil seed bank to serve as a stabilizing mechanism buffering against rainfall ***,we present a general model of germination strategies of dominant annual species in Mediterranean and arid ecosystems that strengthens the notion of soil seed banks as buffers against climatic uncertainty induced by climate change in the region.

关键词： climate change desert drought Mediterranean rainfall manipulations seed bank

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The anisotropic grain size effect on the mechanical response of polycrystals:The role of columnar grain morphology in additively manufactured metals

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第14期181卷 240-256页

作者： S.Amir H.Motaman Dilay Kibaroglu Institut für Eisenhüttenkunde RWTH Aachen UniversityIntzestraße 1Aachen 52072Germany

Additively manufactured(AM)metals exhibit highly complex microstructures,particularly in terms of grain morphology which typically features heterogeneous grain size distribution,irregular and anisotropic grain shapes,and the so-called columnar *** conventional morphological descriptors based on grain shape idealization are generally inadequate for representing complex and anisotropic grain mor-phology of AM *** primary aspect of microstructural grain morphology is the state of grain boundary spacing or grain size whose effect on the mechanical response is known to be *** this paper,we formally introduce the notion of axial grain size from which we derive mean axial grain size,effective grain size,and grain size anisotropy as robust morphological descriptors ca-pable of effectively representing highly complex grain *** instantiated a discrete sample of polycrystalline aggregate as a representative volume element(RVE)featuring random crystallographic orientation and misorientation ***,the instantiated RVE incorporates the typical mor-phological features of AM microstructures including distinctive grain size heterogeneity and anisotropic grain size owing to its pronounced columnar grain *** ensured that any anisotropy ob-served in the macroscopic mechanical response of the instantiated sample primarily originates from its underlying anisotropic grain *** RVE was then employed for mesoscale full-field crystal plasticity simulations corresponding to uniaxial tensile deformation along various axes via a spectral solver and a physics-based crystal plasticity constitutive model which was developed,calibrated,and validated in ear-lier *** the numerical analyses,we isolated the contribution of anisotropic grain size to the anisotropy in the mechanical response of polycrystalline aggregates,particularly those with the charac-teristic complex grain morphology of AM *** contribution c

关键词： Axial grain size Grain size anisotropy Strain hardening anisotropy Grain morphology Morphological texture Columnar grains Additive manufacturing

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On a Fast Integral Equation Method for Diffraction Gratings

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Communications in Computational Physics 2006年第6期1卷 984-1009页

作者： A.Rathsfeld G.Schmidt B.H.Kleemann Weierstrass Institute for Applied Analysis and Stochastics Mohrenstr.3910117 BerlinGermany Carl Zeiss AG Corporate Research and TechnologyOptical Design73446 OberkochenGermany

The integral equation method for the simulation of the diffraction by optical gratings is an efficient numerical tool if profile gratings determined by simple crosssection curves are *** method in its recent version is capable to tackle profile curves with corners,gratings with thin coated layers,and diffraction scenarios with unfavorably large ratio period over *** discuss special implementational issues including the efficient evaluation of the quasi-periodic Green kernels,the quadrature algorithm,and the iterative solution of the arising systems of linear ***,as an example we present the simulation of echelle gratings which demonstrates the efficency of our approach.

关键词： Diffraction gratings integral equation method preconditioning

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Combined quantitative microscopy on the microstructure and phase evolution in Li1.3Al0.3Ti1.7(PO4)3 ceramics

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2020年第2期9卷 149-161页

作者： Deniz Cihan GUNDUZ Roland SCHIERHOLZ Shicheng YU Hermann TEMPELa Hans KUNGL Rudiger-AEICHEL Forschungszentrum Jülich Institute of Energy and Climate Research(IEK-9:Fundamental Electrochemistry)Julich D-52425Germany Forschungszentrum Julich Institute of Energy and Climate Research(IEK-12:Helmholtz-Institute Münster:Ionics in Energy Storage)Munster D-48149Germany RWTH Aachen University Institute of Physical ChemistryAachen D-52074Germany

Lithium aluminum titanium phosphate(LATP)is one of the materials under consideration as an electrolyte in future all-solid-state lithium-ion *** ceramic processing,the presence of secondary phases and porosity play an important *** a presence of more than one secondary phase and pores,image analysis must tackle the difficulties about distinguishing between these microstructural *** this study,we study the phase evolution of LATP ceramics sintered at temperatures between 950 and 1100℃by image segmentation based on energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDS)elemental maps combined with quantitative analysis of LATP *** found aluminum phosphate(AlPO4)and another phosphate phase((Lix)PyOz).The amount of these phases changes with sintering ***,since the grains act as an aluminum source for AlPO4 formation,the aluminum content in the LATP grains ***,the amount of secondary phase changes from more(Lix)PyOz at 950℃to mainly AlPO4 at 1100℃sintering *** also used scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and confocal laser scanning microscopy(CLSM)to study the evolution of the LATP grains and AlPO4,and LATP grain size increases with sintering *** addition,transmission electron microscopy(TEM)was used for the determination of grain boundary width and to identify the amorphous structure of AlPO4.

关键词： lithium aluminum titanium phosphate(LATP) microstructure quantitative microscopy grain size confocal laser scanning microscopy(CLSM) NASICON

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Hydrogen production at intermediate temperatures with proton conducting ceramic cells:Electrocatalytic activity,durability and energy efficiency

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2023年第11期86卷 437-446,I0010页

作者： Haoyu Zheng Feng Han Noriko Sata Rémi Costa Institute of Engineering Thermodynamics German Aerospace Center (DLR) Institute for Building Energetics Thermotechnology and Energy Storage (IGTE) University of Stuttgart

Proton conducting ceramic cells(PCCs)are an attractive emerging technology operating in the intermediate temperature range of 500 to 700℃.In this work,we evaluate the production of hydrogen at intermediate temperatures by proton conducting ceramic cell electrolysis(PCCEL).We demonstrate a highperformance steam electrolysis owing to a composite positrode based on BaGd_(0.8)La_(0.2)Co_(2)O_(6-δ)(BGLC1082)and BaZr0.5Ce0.4Y0.1O3-δ(BZCY541).The high reliability of PCCEL is demonstrated for 1680 h at a current density as high as-0.8 A cm^(-2)close to the thermoneutral cell voltage at 600℃.The electrolysis cell showed a specific energy consumption ranging from 54 to 66 kW h kg^(-1)that is comparable to state-of-the-art low temperature electrolysis technologies,while showing hydrogen production rates systematically higher than commercial solid oxide ceramic cells(SOCs).Compared to SOCs,the results verified the higher performances of PCCs at the relevant operating temperatures,due to the lower activation energy for proton transfer comparing with oxygen ion ***,because of the p-type electronic conduction in protonic ceramics,the energy conversion rate of PCCs is relatively lower in steam *** faradaic efficiency of the PCC in electrolysis mode can be increased at lower operating temperatures and in endothermic conditions,making PCCEL a technology of choice to valorize high temperature waste heat from industrial processes into *** increase the faradaic efficiency by optimizing the materials,the cell design,or the operating strategy is a key challenge to address for future developments of PCCEL in order to achieve even more superior techno-economic merits.

关键词： Steam electrolysis Hydrogen production Proton conducting ceramics Intermediate temperature Energy efficiency

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National Forest Inventories capture the multifunctionality of managed forests in germany

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Forest Ecosystems 2021年第1期8卷 50-68页

作者： Nadja K.Simons María R.Felipe-Lucia Peter Schall Christian Ammer Jürgen Bauhus Nico Blüthgen Steffen Boch François Buscot Markus Fischer Kezia Goldmann Martin M.Gossner Falk Hänsel Kirsten Jung Peter Manning Thomas Nauss Yvonne Oelmann Rodica Pena Andrea Polle Swen C.Renner Michael Schloter Ingo Schöning Ernst-Detlef Schulze Emily F.Solly Elisabeth Sorkau Barbara Stempfhuber Tesfaye Wubet Jörg Müller Sebastian Seibold Wolfgang W.Weisser Terrestrial Ecology Research Group Technische Universität MünchenHans-Carl-von-Carlowitz-Platz 285354 FreisingGermany Present address:Ecological Networks Technische Universität DarmstadtSchnittspahnstraße 364287 DarmstadtGermany Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ Department of Ecosystem ServicesDeutscher Platz 5e04103 LeipzigGermany Present address:german Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research(iDiv)Halle-Jena-Leipzig Deutscher Platz 5e04103 LeipzigGermany Silviculture and Forest Ecology of the Temperate Zones University of GöttingenBüsgenweg 137077 GöttingenGermany Centre for Biodiversity and Sustainable Land-use University of GöttingenBüsgenweg 137073 GöttingenGermany Chair of Silviculture Faculty of Environment and Natural ResourcesUniversity of FreiburgTennenbacherstr.479106 FreiburgGermany Ecological Networks Technische Universität DarmstadtSchnittspahnstraße 364287 DarmstadtGermany Institute of Plant Sciences University of BernAltenbergrain 213013 BernSwitzerland Biodiversity and Conservation Biology WSL Swiss Federal Research InstituteZürcherstrasse 1118903 BirmensdorfSwitzerland Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ Department of Soil EcologyTheodor-Lieser-Straße 406120 Halle(Saale)Germany german Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research(iDiv)Halle-Jena-Leipzig Deutscher Platz 5e04103 LeipzigGermany Forest Entomology WSL Swiss Federal Research InstituteZürcherstrasse 1118903 BirmensdorfSwitzerland Department of Environmental Systems Science Institute of Terrestrial EcosystemsETH ZürichUniversitätstr 168092 ZürichSwitzerland Environmental Informatics University of MarburgDeutschhausstraße 1235032 MarburgGermany Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation Genomics Ulm UniversityAlbert-Einstein-Allee 1189069 UlmGermany Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre Senckenberganlage 2560325 Frankfurt am MainGermany Geoecology University of TübingenRümelinstraße 19-2372070 TübingenGermany Present address:Department of Sustaina

Background:Forests perform various important ecosystem functions that contribute to ecosystem *** many parts of the world,forest management has shifted from a focus on timber production to multi-purpose forestry,combining timber production with the supply of other forest ecosystem ***,it is unclear which forest types provide which ecosystem services and to what extent forests primarily managed for timber already supply multiple ecosystem *** on a comprehensive dataset collected across 150 forest plots in three regions differing in management intensity and species composition,we develop models to predict the potential supply of 13 ecosystem *** use those models to assess the level of multifunctionality of managed forests at the national level using national forest inventory ***:Looking at the potential supply of ecosystem services,we found trade-offs(*** both bark beetle control or dung decomposition and both productivity or soil carbon stocks)as well as synergies(*** temperature regulation,carbon storage and culturally interesting plants)across the 53 most dominant forest types in *** single forest type provided all ecosystem services *** ecosystem services showed comparable levels across forest types(*** or richness of saprotrophs),while others varied strongly,depending on forest structural attributes(*** availability or cover of edible plants)or tree species composition(*** nitrification activity).Variability in potential supply of ecosystem services was only to a lesser extent driven by environmental ***,the geographic variation in ecosystem function supply across germany was closely linked with the distribution of main tree ***:Our results show that forest multifunctionality is limited to subsets of ecosystem *** importance of tree species composition highlights that a lack of multifunctionality at the stand lev

关键词： Ecosystem processes and services Forest management Structural diversity Tree species composition Trade-offs and synergies Forest productivity

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Identification of seed protein and oil related QTL in 944 RILs from a diallel of early-maturing European soybean

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The Crop Journal 2021年第1期9卷 238-247页

作者： Xintian Zhu Willmar L.Leiser Volker Hahn Tobias Würschum State Plant Breeding Institute University of Hohenheim70593 StuttgartGermany

Soybean[Glycine max(L.)Merr.]is a global protein source and is currently expanding in Central and Northern *** and oil content are two important quality traits that have been studied in different germplasm,however,their genetic architecture in earlymaturing European soybean has not been investigated *** this study,we therefore performed QTL mapping for both traits using 944 recombinant inbred lines derived from eight families from a half-diallel crossing *** identified five QTL for each trait,with the QTL on chromosomes 8,15,and 20 being identified for both protein content and oil *** known major QTL on chromosome 20 was detected in four families whereas the other QTL were only found in single *** analyses revealed the QTL to have pleiotropic but inverse effects on both *** effect of the major QTL was comparable between families,illustrating that it is largely independent from the genetic ***,our results illustrate the quantitative nature of protein and oil content in early European ***-assisted selection for the QTL is possible,but the inverse effect on protein and oil content should be kept in mind.

关键词： QTL mapping Soybean Protein content Oil content

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Comparison of manual and automatic barcode detection in rough horticultural production systems

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2019年第6期12卷 169-176页

作者： Felix Eyahanyo Thomas Rath Leibniz University of Hannover Institute of Horticultural Production SystemsBiosystems Engineering SectionHerrenhäuser Straße 230419 HannoverGermany University of Applied Sciences Osnabrück Biosystems Engineering Laboratory(BLab)Oldenburger Landstraße 2449090 OsnabrückGermany

Automation of production in the nurseries of flower producing companies using barcode scanners have been attempted but with little *** laser barcode scanners which have been used for automation have failed due to the close proximity between the barcode and the scanner,and factors such as speed,angle of inclination of the barcode,damage to the barcode and dirt on the ***,laser barcode scanners are still being used manually in the nurseries making work laborious and time consuming,which leading to reduced ***,an automated image-based barcode detection system to help solve the aforementioned problems was *** were conducted under different situations with clean and artificially soiled Code 128 barcodes in both the laboratory and under real production conditions in a flower producing *** images were analyzed with a specific algorithm developed with the software tool *** the results from the company showed that the image-based system has a future prospect for automation in the nursery.

关键词： automation barcode detection horticultural production systems image processing barcode scanners

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Diabetes and pulmonary infection:how hyperglycaemia shapes the immune system

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第4期9卷 1245-1246页

作者： Christian Herder Michael Roden Nicolas Venteclef Institute for Clinical Diabetology German Diabetes CenterLeibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf40225DüsseldorfGermany german Center for Diabetes Research(DZD) Partner Düsseldorf85764München-NeuherbergGermany Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology Medical Faculty and University Hospital DüsseldorfHeinrich Heine University Düsseldorf40225DüsseldorfGermany Institut Necker-Enfants Malades(INEM) UniversitéParis CitéINSERM UMR-S1151CNRS UMR-S8253ParisFrance

In a recent study published in Nature,Nobs and colleagues aimed to identify novel mechanisms that may explain why diabetes is associated with an increased susceptibility to viral respiratory *** analyses revealed a central role of lung dendritic cells(DC)which exhibited several functional defects induced by hyperglycaemia and consequently result in impaired antiviral immune responses.

关键词： impaired lung respiratory

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