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Translational machinery and translation regulation in axon regeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1392-1394页

作者： Homaira Nawabi Stephane Belin Univ.Grenoble Alpes InsermU1216Grenoble Institut NeurosciencesGrenobleFrance

Over the centuries,the regeneration field has been puzzled by the dual response of the central nervous system(CNS-brain,spinal cord,cranial nervesⅠandⅡ)and the peripheral nervous system(PNS that refers to all the nerves that innervate muscles,skin,organs,bones among others).Even Ramon y Cajal had noticed that an injury to the PNS often leads to axon regrowth,in contrast to the CNS.

关键词： nerves organs muscles

100pT/cm single-point MEMS magnetic gradiometer from a commercial accelerometer

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2020年第1期6卷 602-614页

作者： Josh Javor Alexander Stange Corey Pollock Nicholas Fuhr David J.Bishop Department of Mechanical Engineering Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA Division of Materials Science and Engineering Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA Department of Physics Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA Department of Biomedical Engineering Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA

Magnetic sensing is present in our everyday interactions with consumer electronics and demonstrates the potential for the measurement of extremely weak biomagnetic fields,such as those of the heart and *** this work,we leverage the many benefits of microelectromechanical system(MEMS)devices to fabricate a small,low-power,and inexpensive sensor whose resolution is in the range of biomagnetic *** present,biomagnetic fields are measured only by expensive mechanisms such as optical pumping and superconducting quantum interference devices(SQUIDs),suggesting a large opportunity for MEMS technology in this *** prototype fabrication is achieved by assembling micro-objects,including a permanent micromagnet,onto a postrelease commercial MEMS accelerometer using a pick-and-place *** this system,we demonstrate a room-temperature MEMS magnetic *** air,the sensor’s response is linear,with a resolution of 1.1 nT cm^(−1),spans over 3 decades of dynamic range to 4.6µT cm^(−1),and is capable of off-resonance measurements at low *** a 1mTorr vacuum with 20 dB magnetic shielding,the sensor achieves a 100 pT cm^(−1) resolution at *** resolution represents a 30-fold improvement compared with that of MEMS magnetometer technology and a 1000-fold improvement compared with that of MEMS gradiometer *** sensor is capable of a small spatial resolution with a magnetic sensing element of 0.25 mm along its sensitive axis,a>4-fold improvement compared with that of MEMS gradiometer *** calculated noise floor of this platform is 110 fTcm^(−1) Hz−1/2,and thus,these devices hold promise for both magnetocardiography(MCG)and magnetoencephalography(MEG)applications.

关键词： accelerometer magnetometer everyday

High prevalence of epilepsy in two rural onchocerciasis endemic villages in the Mahenge area,Tanzania,after 20 years of community directed treatment with ivermectin

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2018年第1期7卷 622-634页

作者： Bruno P.Mmbando Patrick Suykerbuyk Mohamed Mnacho Advocatus Kakorozya William Matuja Adam Hendy Helena Greter Williams H.Makunde Robert Colebunders National Institute for Medical Research Tanga Research CentreTangaTanzania Global Health Institute University of AntwerpAntwerpBelgium Muhimbili National Hospital Dar es SalaamTanzania Enhance Tanzania Foundation Dar es SalaamTanzania Muhimbili University of Health and allied Sciences Dar es SalaamTanzania University of Texas Medical Branch GalvestonTXUSA

Background:Epilepsy is a neurological disorder with a multitude of underlying causes,which may include infection with Onchocerca volvulus,the parasitic worm that causes human onchocerciasis.A survey carried out in 1989 revealed a high prevalence of epilepsy(1.02%overall,ranging from 0.51 to 3.71%in ten villages)in the Mahenge area of Ulanga district,an onchocerciasis endemic region in south eastern *** study aimed to determine the prevalence and incidence of epilepsy following 20 years of onchocerciasis control through annual community directed treatment with ivermectin(CDTI).Methods:The study was conducted in January 2017 in two suburban and two rural villages in the Mahenge ***-todoor household visits were carried out by trained community health workers and data assistants to screen for persons suspected of having epilepsy,using a standardised *** with suspected epilepsy were then interviewed and examined by a neurologist for case *** associated epilepsy was defined as epilepsy without an obvious cause,with an onset of seizures between the ages of 3-18 years in previously healthy *** each village,fifty males aged≥20 years were tested for onchocerciasis antibodies using an OV16 rapid test and were examined for presence of onchocerciasis *** aged 6-10 years were also tested using OV16 ***:5117 individuals(median age 18.5 years,53.2%female)from 1168 households were screened.244(4.8%)were suspected of having epilepsy and invited for neurological *** of epilepsy was 2.5%,with the rural villages having the highest rate(3.5%vs 1.5%),Perciasis associated epilepsy was 131(95%CI:70-223).Prevalence of OV16 antibodies in adult males and among children 6-10 years old was higher in rural villages than in suburban villages(76.5%vs 50.6,and 42.6%vs 4.7%respectively),(P

关键词： Epilepsy Onchocerciasis Mahenge Tanzania

Community perceptions of epilepsy and its treatment in an onchocerciasis endemic region in Ituri,Democratic Republic of Congo

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2018年第1期7卷 1202-1210页

作者： Housseini Dolo Michel Mandro Deogratias Wonya’Rossi Francoise Ngave Jessica Fraeyman Joseph NSiewe Patrick Suykerbuyk Robert Colebunders Global Health Institute University of AntwerpAntwerpBelgium Provincial Ministry of Health BuniaIturiDemocratic Republic of the Congo International Center of Excellence in Research Faculty of Medicine and Odonto StomatologyBamakoMali Research Group Social Epidemiology and Health Policy University of AntwerpAntwerpBelgium Centre de Recherche en Maladies Tropicales de l’Ituri Hopital General de Reference de RethyRethyDemocratic Republic of Congo

Background:A recent study in the Logo and Rethy health zones in the Ituri Province in the Democratic Republic of Congo(DRC)reported that the majority of the persons with epilepsy(PWE)had not been treated with anti-epileptic medication(AEM)or had stopped *** to the implementation of an epilepsy treatment programme in these health zones,this study investigated the perceptions and experiences regarding epilepsy and its treatment amongst community leaders,PWE and/or their families,traditional healers and health ***:A total of 14 focus group discussions(FGD)and 39 semi-structured interviews(SSI)were conducted with PWE and/or their family members,community leaders,traditional healers,and health professionals in the Logo and Rethy health zones during February 2-19,***:In the two health zones,the clinical signs of convulsive epilepsy were recognized by community ***,a variety of misconceptions about epilepsy were identified including the beliefs that epilepsy is a family-related condition,a contagious disease,is transmitted by insects,saliva or by touching a person of the same sex during seizures,or is caused by evil spirits and *** role of traditional healers in spreading these beliefs was *** study also reported sexual abuse on PWE,stigmatisation of PWE and loss of productivity of PWE and their *** PWE had been using AEM and traditional treatment but were not convinced about the efficacy of these treatment *** lack of training of health providers about epilepsy care,financial barriers in obtaining AEM,and the shortage of AEM at primary health facilities were *** remedies,the community requested access to a decentralized center for epilepsy *** also proposed using churches and community health workers as communication channels for information about ***:Clinical signs of convulsive epilepsy were recognized by the community in the Logo and Rethy health

关键词： Epilepsy Onchocerciasis Community Perception Experiences Treatment Programme Qualitative study

High prevalence of epilepsy in onchocerciasis endemic health areas in Democratic Republic of the Congo

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2018年第1期7卷 663-676页

作者： Evy Lenaerts Michel Mandro Deby Mukendi Patrick Suykerbuyk Housseini Dolo Deogratias Wonya’Rossi Françoise Ngave Chellafe Ensoy-Musoro Anne Laudisoit An Hotterbeekx Robert Colebunders Global Health Institute University of AntwerpAntwerpBelgium Provincial Health Division of Ituri Ministry of HealthBuniaDemocratic Republic of Congo Centre Neuro Psycho Pathologique Universitede Kinshasa(CNPP-UNIKIN)KinshasaDemocratic Republic of Congo International Center of Excellence in Research Faculty of Medicine and OdontostomatologyBamakoMali Neglected Tropical Diseases Control program Ministry of HealthBuniaDemocratic Republic of the Congo Centre de Recherche en Maladies Tropicales Hopital General de Reference de RethyRethyDemocratic Republic of Congo Interuniversity Institute for Biostatistics and statistical Bioinformatics University of HasseltHasseltBelgium EcoHealth Alliance New YorkUSA Global Health Institute Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesGouverneur Kinsbergen CentrumDoornstraat 3312610 WilrijkBelgium

Background:A high prevalence of epilepsy has been observed in many onchocerciasis endemic *** study is to estimate the prevalence of active epilepsy and exposure to Onchocerca volvulus infection in a rural population in Ituri province,Democratic Republic of ***:In August 2016,a community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in an onchocerciasis endemic area in the rural health zone of Logo,Ituri *** within two neighbouring health areas were randomly *** identify persons with epilepsy,a three-stage approach was *** the first stage,all individuals of the selected households were screened for epilepsy by non-medical field workers using a validated 5-item *** the second and third stage,suspected cases of epilepsy were examined by non-specialist medical doctors,and by a neurologist,respectively.A case of epilepsy was defined according to the 2014 International League Against Epilepsy(ILAE)*** to *** was assessed by testing for IgG4 antibodies to an *** antigen(OV16 Rapid Test,)in individuals aged 3 years and ***:Out of 1389 participants included in the survey,64 were considered to have active epilepsy(prevalence 4.6%)(95%confidence interval[CI]:3.6-5.8).The highest age-specific epilepsy prevalence estimate was observed in those aged 20 to 29 years(8.2%).Median age of epilepsy onset was 10 years,with a peak incidence of epilepsy in the 10 to 15 year-old age ***16 test results were available for 912 participants,of whom 30.5%(95%CI,27.6-33.6)tested *** prevalence of OV16 positivity in a village ranged from 8.6 to 68.0%.After adjusting for age,gender and ivermectin use,a significant association between exposure to onchocerciasis and epilepsy was observed(adjusted odds ratio=3.19,95%CI:1.63-5.64)(P<0.001).Conclusions:A high prevalence of epilepsy and a significant association between epilepsy and exposure to *** were observed in the population in Ituri

关键词： Onchocerciasis epilepsy Prevalence Democratic Republic of Congo

Cu/Co/Cr Nanocomposites Obtained from Hydrotalcite Precursors as Catalysts for Thermal Decomposition of Ammonium Perchlorate

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2014年第2期27卷 211-216页

作者： Hongbo Liu Zhiyong Huang Bingzhi Guo Qingze Jiao Zhiyong Xiong School of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Beijing Institute of Technology Zhuhai School of Chemical Engineering and Environment Beijing Institute of Technology College of Light Industry and Food Sciences South China University of Technology

A series of Cu/Co/Cr nanocomposites with different Cu/Co/Cr molar ratios were obtained by calcination of Cu/ Co/Cr hydrotalcites precursors, which were prepared by a co-precipitation reaction. X-ray diffraction, inductively coupled plasma analysis, and transmission electron microscopy were used to characterize the structure, composition, and mor- phology of Cu/Co/Cr nanocomposites. The results show that Cu/Co/Cr nanocomposites have both CuCr204 and CoCr204 spinel phase. The particle size of Cu/Co/Cr nanocomposites is 15-20 nm and the specific surface area is 95-115 m2/g. Cu/ Co/Cr nanocomposites were used as new catalysts for improving thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate （AP）. Their catalytic activities were investigated using differential thermal analysis and thermal gravimetric analyzer coupled with an online mass spectrometer. The results show that the decomposition temperature of AP lowered 132-146℃ by adding 4 wt% Cu/Co/Cr nanocomposites. Catalytic activities of the prepared nanocomposites depend on the calcinations temperature and addition amount of corresponding nanocomposites. The possible catalytic mechanism of Cu/Co/Cr nanocomposites was also studied and discussed.

关键词： Nanocomposite Thermal decomposition Catalytic activities 1

Public perception of electric vehicles on reddit over the past decade

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Communications in Transportation Research 2022年第1期2卷 181-192页

作者： Tao Ruan Qin Lv Department of Computer Science University of Colorado Boulder430 UCBBoulderCO80309USA

Understanding public perception of electric vehicles(EVs)is imperative for increasing EV adoption,which can significantly reduce greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions,thereby mitigating climate change and global *** most existing research characterizes public perception of EV in the context of surveys,questionnaires,or interviews,our study leverages Reddit online social network(OSN)data to capture EV public perception at a much larger *** have collected 3,437,917 Reddit posts(including 274,979 submissions and 3,162,938 comments)between January 2011 and December 2020 relevant to EVs and analyzed them along several axes to understand how EVs are perceived by the public on Reddit through the following research questions:(1)What EVrelated topics have been discussed by Reddit users?Whether/how Reddit users’interest in different topics has changed during 2011–2020?(2)What sentiment do Reddit users hold towards EVs?Whether public sentiment on Reddit has shifted over the past 10 years?(3)Whether/how do various Reddit communities(i.e.,subreddits)have different perceptions of EVs?Our analysis evinces the potential of utilizing a large-scale OSN dataset for demonstrating a much wider spectrum of topics that the public is interested in than previous studies show,reveals fringe communities including r/conspiracy have many(controversial)discussions on EVs,especially on the environmental impacts of EVs,and one political community(r/The_Donald)has similar patterns with fringe communities in both sentiment and topic *** answering these research questions,we aim to develop a more comprehensive understanding of the public perception of EVs in the past decade.

关键词： Reddit Electric vehicles Public perception Online social network Topic modeling Sentiment analysis

Fabrication and study of supercapacitor electrodes based on oxygen plasma functionalized carbon nanotube fibers

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2020年第1期29卷 120-131,I0005页

作者： Paa Kwasi Adusei Seyram Gbordzoe Sathya Narayan Kanakaraj Yu-Yun Hsieh Noe T.Alvarez Yanbo Fang Kevin Johnson Colin McConnell Vesselin Shanov Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering University of CincinnatiCincinnatiOH 45221-0072USA Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering University of CincinnatiOH 45221-0012USA Department of Chemistry University of CincinnatiOH 45221-0172USA

Dry-spun Carbon Nanotube(CNT)fibers were surface-modified by atmospheric pressure oxygen plasma functionalization using a well controlled and continuous *** fibers were characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),Raman spectroscopy,and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy(XPS).It was found from the conducted electrochemical measurements that the functionalized fibers showed a 132.8% increase in specific capacitance compared to non-functionalized ***-adsorption test and the obtained Randles-Sevcik plot demonstrated that the oxygen plasma functionalized fibers exhibited increased surface *** was further established by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller(BET)measurements that the surface area of the CNT fibers was increased from 168.22 m^2/g to 208.01 m^2/g after plasma *** pore size distribution of the fibers was also altered by this *** improved electrochemical data was attributed to enhanced wettability,increased surface area,and the presence of oxygen functional groups,which promoted the capacitance of the *** supercapacitors were fabricated from the oxygen plasma functionalized CNT fiber electrodes using different electrolyte *** devices with functionalized electrodes exhibited excellent cyclic stability(93.2% after 4000 cycles),flexibility,bendability,and good energy *** 0.5 m A/cm^2,the EMIMBF4 device revealed a specific capacitance,which is 27% and 65%greater than the specific capacitances of devices using EMIMTFSI and H2SO4 electrolytes,*** practiced in this work plasma surface processing can be employed in other applications where fibers,yarns,ribbons,and sheets need to be chemically modified.

关键词： Oxygen plasma functionalization Fiber supercapacitors CNT fiber electrodes Ionic liquid

Root osmotic sensing from local perception to systemic responses

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Stress Biology 2022年第1期2卷 249-269页

作者： Lucille Gorgues Xuelian Li Christophe Maurel Alexandre Martiniere Philippe Nacry IPSiM CNRSINRAEInstitut AgroUniv Montpellier34060 MontpellierFrance

Plants face a constantly changing environment,requiring fine tuning of their growth and *** have therefore developed numerous mechanisms to cope with environmental stress *** striking exam-ple is root response to water *** drought(which causes osmotic stress to cells),plants can among other responses alter locally their root system architecture(hydropatterning)or orientate their root growth to optimize water uptake(hydrotropism).They can also modify their hydraulic properties,metabolism and development coordi-nately at the whole root and plant *** of these developmental and physiological changes,plant roots must perceive and transduce signals for water ***,we review current knowledge on plant osmotic per-ception and discuss how long distance signaling can play a role in signal integration,leading to the great phenotypic plasticity of roots and plant development.

关键词： Drought Water deficit perception Local signaling Long distance signaling Local water deficit Adaptive development