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Elevated brain temperature under severe heat exposure impairs cortical motor activity and executive function

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第2期13卷 233-244页

作者： Xiang Ren Tan Mary C.Stephenson Sharifah Badriyah Alhadad Kelvin W.z.loh Tuck Wah Soong Jason K.W.lee Ivan C.C.low Health and Social Sciences Singapore Institute of TechnologySingapore 138683Singapore Human Potential Translational Research Programme Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore 117597Singapore Centre for Translational Magnetic Resonance Research Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore 117549Singapore Department of Physiology Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore 117593Singapore Heat Resilience and Performance Centre Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore 117510Singapore N.1 Institute for Health National University of SingaporeSingapore 117456Singapore Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise(CREATE) Singapore 138602Singapore

Background:Excessive heat exposure can lead to hyperthermia in humans,which impairs physical performance and disrupts cognitive *** heat is a known physiological stressor,it is unclear how severe heat stress affects brain physiology and ***:Eleven healthy participants were subjected to heat stress from prolonged exercise or warm water immersion until their rectal temperatures(T_(re))attained 39.5℃,inducing exertional or passive hyperthermia,*** a separate trial,blended ice was ingested before and during exercise as a cooling *** were compared to a control condition with seated rest(normothermic).Brain temperature(T_(br)),cerebral perfusion,and task-based brain activity were assessed using magnetic resonance imaging ***:T_(br)in motor cortex was found to be tightly regulated at rest(37.3℃±0.4℃(mean±SD))despite fluctuations in T_(re).With the development of hyperthermia,T_(br)increases and dovetails with the rising T_(re).Bilateral motor cortical activity was suppressed during high-intensity plantarflexion tasks,implying a reduced central motor drive in hyperthermic participants(T_(re)=38.5℃±0.1℃).Global gray matter perfusion and regional perfusion in sensorimotor cortex were reduced with passive *** function was poorer under a passive hyperthermic state,and this could relate to compromised visual processing as indicated by the reduced activation of left lateral-occipital ***,ingestion of blended ice before and during exercise alleviated the rise in both T_(re)and T_(bc)and mitigated heat-related neural ***:Severe heat exposure elevates T_(br),disrupts motor cortical activity and executive function,and this can lead to impairment of physical and cognitive performance.

关键词： Brain functional activity Cognition Heat stress Hyperthermia Motor function

Development,validation,and transportability of several machine-learned,non-exercise-based VO_(2max)prediction models for older adults

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第5期13卷 611-620页

作者： Benjamin T.Schumacher Michael J.laMonte Andrea z.laCroix Eleanor M.Simonsick Steven P.Hooker Humberto Parada Jr. John Bellettiere Arun Kumar Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human longevity Science University of California San DiegoLa JollaCA 92093USA Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health School of Public Health and Health ProfessionsUniversity at BuffaloState University of New YorkBuffaloNY 14214USA Translational Gerontology Branch Intramural Research ProgramNational Institute on AgingNational Institutes of HealthBaltimoreMD 21225USA College of Health and Human Services San Diego State UniversitySan DiegoCA 92182USA Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthSan Diego State UniversitySan DiegoCA 92182USA University of California San Diego Moores Cancer Center La JollaCA 92093USA Computer Science and Engineering and Halicioglu Data Science Institute University of California San DiegoLa JollaCA 92093USA

Background:There exist few maximal oxygen uptake(VO_(2max))non-exercise-based prediction equations,fewer using machine learning(Ml),and none specifically for older *** direct measurement of VO_(2max)is infeasible in large epidemiologic cohort studies,we sought to develop,validate,compare,and assess the transportability of several Ml VO_(2max)prediction ***:The Baltimore longitudinal Study of Aging(BlSA)participants with valid VO2_(max)tests were included(n=1080).least absolute shrinkage and selection operator,linear-and tree-boosted extreme gradient boosting,random forest,and support vector machine(SVM)algorithms were trained to predict VO_(2max)*** developed these algorithms for:(a)the overall BlSA,(b)by sex,(c)using all BlSA variables,and(d)variables common in aging ***,we quantified the associations between measured and predicted VO_(2max)and ***:The age was 69.0±10.4 years(mean±SD)and the measured VO_(2max)was 21.6±5.9 ml/kg/*** absolute shrinkage and selection operator,linear-and tree-boosted extreme gradient boosting,random forest,and support vector machine yielded root mean squared errors of 3.4 ml/kg/min,3.6 ml/kg/min,3.4 ml/kg/min,3.6 ml/kg/min,and 3.5 ml/kg/min,*** quartiles of measured VO_(2max)showed an inverse gradient in mortality *** VO_(2max)variables yielded similar effect estimates but were not robust to ***:Measured VO_(2max)is a strong predictor of *** Ml can improve the accuracy of prediction as compared to simpler approaches but estimates of association with mortality remain sensitive to *** studies should seek to reproduce these results so that VO_(2max),an important vital sign,can be more broadly studied as a modifiable target for promoting functional resiliency and healthy aging.

关键词： Cardiorespiratory fitness Prediction algorithms Epidemiology Mortality

Effectiveness of serological markers of gastric mucosal atrophy in the gastric precancer screening and in cancer prevention

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2024年第8期16卷 462-471页

作者： Sergey M Kotelevets Sergey A Chekh Sergey z Chukov Department of Therapy North Caucasus State AcademyCherkessk 369000Karachay-Cherkess RepublicRussia Department of Mathematics North Caucasus State AcademyCherkessk 369000Karachay-Cherkess RepublicRussia Department of Pathological Anatomy Stavropol State Medical UniversityStavropol 355017Russia

BACKGROUND New markers are needed to improve the effectiveness of serological screening for atrophic *** To develop a cost-effective method for serological screening of atrophic gastritis with a high level of *** Of the 169 patients with atrophic gastritis,selected by the visual endoscopic Kimura-Takemoto method,165 showed histological mucosal atrophy using the updated Kimura-Takemoto *** 169 patients were examined for postprandial levels of gastrin-17(G17)and pepsinogen-1(PG1)using Gastro-Panel®(Biohit Plc,Helsinki,Finland).RESUlTS We used the histological standard of five biopsies of the gastric mucosa,in accordance with the Kimura-Takemoto classification system to assess the sensitivity of G17 in detecting gastric mucosal *** also compared the morphofunctional relationships between the detected histological degree of gastric mucosal atrophy and the serological levels of G17 and PG1,as the markers of atrophic *** sensitivity of postprandial G17 was 62.2%for serological levels of G17(range:0-4 pmol/l)and 100%for serological G17(range:0-10 pmol/l)for the detection of monofocal severe atrophic *** strong correlation was found between the levels of PG1 and degree of histological atrophy determined by the Kimura-Takemoto classification system to identify the severity of mucosal atrophy of the gastric *** the presented clinical case of a 63-year-old man with multifocal atrophic gastritis,there is a pronounced positive long-term dynamics of the serological marker of atrophy-postprandial G17,after five months of rennet replacement *** Serological screening of multifocal atrophic gastritis by assessment of postprandial G17 is a cost-effective method with high *** G17 is an earlier marker of regression of atrophic gastritis than a morphological examination of a gastric biopsy in accordance with the Sydney ***,postprandial G17 is recommended for dynamic monitorin

关键词： Updated Sydney system Kimura-Takemoto classification Prevention Gastric cancer Atrophic gastritis Gastrin-17 Pepsonogen-1

Rituximab Induced Vasculitis: Dose the Antigen-Antibody Complex of Rituximab Play a Role in Developing leukocytoclastic Vasculitis?—A Case Report and Review of the literature

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第9期12卷 89-94页

作者： Ahmed A. AlTaroti zahra z. Alzahir Salah Abohelaika Department of Internal Medicine Qatif Central Hospital Qatif Saudi Arabia Research Centre Qatif Central Hospital Qatif Saudi Arabia

Rituximab is a monoclonal antibody that targets CD20, which is a specific B-cell surface antigen. It was the first monoclonal antibody that was approved for the treatment of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, rheumatoid arthritis, and other cutaneous lymphoid malignancies. There are many off-label uses of rituximab, such as systemic lupus erythematosus, autoimmune hemolytic anemia, multiple sclerosis, graft-versus-host disease, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and chronic immune-mediated thrombocytopenia. Among the rare side effects associated with rituximab treatment is vasculitis, more specifically, leukocytoclastic vasculitis. Here, we describe a 21-year-old Saudi female with leukocytoclastic vasculitis occurring three months after treatment with rituximab.

关键词： Rheumatoid Arthritis Rituximab Vasculitis leukocytoclastic Vasculitis

Cholesterol and Sericin as First Aid for Damaged Cells

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第4期12卷 79-88页

作者： Denız Aksoy Doga Naz Turan zeki Berkay Bayraktar Basak College Anatolian High School Aydin Turkey Bornova Anatolian High School Bornova Turkey Izmir Science High School Izmir Turkey

Cells are surrounded by a double-layered phospholipid cell membrane responsible for the isolation of intracellular contents, active regulation of uptake from the extracellular environment, and intercellular connection and communication. These cell membranes must be intact and functionally active for cell survival and biological functioning. Compromised damage repair mechanisms usually result in impaired cellular homeostasis, leading to early or late problems. Chronic myopathies, certain myocardial diseases, aging, and acute or chronic neurodegenerative diseases (like Parkinson and Alzheimer) are directly related to cell membrane damage. This study examined the effect of a cholesterol-loaded nanoparticle (methyl-beta cyclodextrin) or the silk protein sericin on cell membrane and DNA integrity and cell viability in an in vitro cell damage model (frozen-thawed rabbit sperm cells). The cells were stored in liquid nitrogen (-196°C), thawed in small batches, and treated with cholesterol-loaded cyclodextrin or sericin before incubation at 35°C for 4 hours. Cell membrane integrity, DNA damage, and viability rates were assessed immediately after thawing and after the incubation period. The administration of sericin and cholesterol in a cell damage model increased cell survival and reduced DNA damage over a 4-hour post-thaw incubation period, suggesting their potential use as a “first aid” intervention at the cellular level.

关键词： Cell Membrane DNA Survival Damage Cholesterol Sericin Spermatozoa

Inhibition of Ehrlich ascites carcinoma growth by melatonin:Studies with micro-CT

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Oncology Research 2024年第1期32卷 175-185页

作者： SEHER YIlMAz.z.lEYHA DOĞANYIĞIT MERT OCAK EVRIM SUNA ARIKAN SÖYlEMEz ASlI OKAN OFlAMAz SÜMEYYE UÇAR ŞÜKRÜATEŞ AMMAD AHMAD FAROOQI Department of Anatomy Faculty of MedicineYozgat Bozok UniversityYozgatTurkey Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Case Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOhioUSA Department of Histology and Embriology Faculty of MedicineYozgat Bozok UniversityYozgatTurkey Department of Anatomy Faculty of DentistryAnkara UniversityAnkaraTurkey Department of Medical Biology Faculty of MedicineAfyonkarahisar Health Sciences UniversityAfyonTurkey Department of Anatomy Faculty of MedicineErciyes UniversityKayseriTurkey Department of Molecular Oncology Institute of Biomedical and Genetic Engineering(IBGE)IslamabadPakistan

Melatonin is a versatile indolamine synthesized and secreted by the pineal gland in response to the photoperiodic information received by the retinohypothalamic signaling *** has many benefits,such as organizing circadian rhythms and acting as a powerful *** aimed to show the antitumor effects of melatonin in both in vivo and in vitro models through the mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR)signaling pathway and the Argyrophilic Nucleolar Regulatory Region(AgNOR),using the Microcomputed Tomography(Micro CT).Ehrlich ascites carcinoma(EAC)cells were administered into the mice by subcutaneous *** with solid tumors were injected intraperitoneally with 50 and 100 mg/kg melatonin for 14 *** measurements for the taken tumors were made with micro-CT imaging,immunohistochemistry(IHC),real-time polymerase chain reaction(PCR)and ***,the tumor tissue volume in the Tumor+100 mg/kg melatonin group was significantly lower than that in the other groups in the data obtained from micro-CT *** the IHC analysis,the groups treated with Tumor+100 mg/kg melatonin were compared when the mTOR signaling pathway and factor 8(F8)expression were compared with the control *** was determined that there was a significant decrease(pl AgNOR area/nuclear area(TAA/NA)ratio in the treatment groups(plinositol 3-kinase(PI3K),AKT Serine/Threonine Kinase(PKB/AKT)genes(pll apoptosis was evaluated with Annexin V in an in vitro study with different doses of melatonin;It was observed that 100µg/ml melatonin dose caused an increase in the apoptotic cell *** this study,we have reported anti-tumor effects of melatonin in cell culture studies as well as in mice *** characterization of the melatonin-mediated cancer inhibitory effects will be valuable in advanc

关键词： Signaling pathway Apoptosis Real-time PCR AgNOR

Outcomes of long-acting injectable antipsychotics use in pregnancy:A literature review

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第4期14卷 582-599页

作者： Ana V Pejčić Srdjan M Stefanović MilošN Milosavljević Vladimir S Janjić Marko M Folić Nevena D Folić Jovana z Milosavljević Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Faculty of Medical SciencesUniversity of KragujevacKragujevac 34000Serbia Department of Pharmacy Faculty of Medical SciencesUniversity of KragujevacKragujevac 34000Serbia Department of Clinical Pharmacology University Clinical Center KragujevacKragujevac 34000Serbia Department of Psychiatry Faculty of Medical SciencesUniversity of KragujevacKragujevac 34000Serbia Clinic for Psychiatry University Clinical Center KragujevacKragujevac 34000Serbia Center for Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Research Faculty of Medical SciencesUniversity of KragujevacKragujevac 34000Serbia Department of Pediatrics Faculty of Medical SciencesUniversity of KragujevacKragujevac 34000Serbia Pediatric Clinic University Clinical Center KragujevacKragujevac 34000Serbia Department of Anatomy Faculty of Medical SciencesUniversity of KragujevacKragujevac 34000Serbia

BACKGROUND Women with a history of serious psychotic disorders are at increased risk of disease relapse during ***-acting injectable(lAI)antipsychotics have been widely used to improve adherence and prevent relapse in patients with various severe psychotic disorders,but there is a lack of high-quality data from previous research on the safety of lAI antipsychotics during *** To summarize relevant data on maternal,pregnancy,neonatal,and developmental outcomes from published cases of lAI antipsychotic use in *** A literature search was performed through November 11,2023,using three online databases:PubMed/MEDlINE,Scopus,and Web of *** reports or case series that reported information about the outcomes of pregnancy in women who used lAI antipsychotics at any point in pregnancy,with available full texts,were *** statistics,narrative summation,and tabulation of the extracted data were *** A total of 19 publications satisfied the inclusion criteria:3 case series,15 case reports,and 1 conference *** reported the outcomes of lAI antipsychotic use in 74 women and 77 *** use of secondgeneration lAI antipsychotics was reported in the majority(n=47;61.0%)of ***-generation lAI antipsychotics were administered during 30 pregnancies(39.0%).Most of the women(approximately 64%)had either satisfactory control of symptoms or no information about relapse,while approximately 12%of them had developed gestational diabetes mellitus.A minority of cases reported adverse outcomes such as stillbirth,spontaneous abortion,preterm birth,low birth weight,congenital anomalies,and neurological manifestations in ***,there were no reports of negative long-term developmental *** Currently available data seem reassuring,but further well-designed studies are required to properly evaluate the risks and benefits of lAI antipsychotic use during pregnancy.

关键词： Antipsychotic agents long-acting injectable Pregnancy Outcome Review

Machine learning Analysis of Impact of Western US Fires on Central US Hailstorms

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第7期41卷 1450-1462页

作者： Xinming lIN Jiwen FAN Yuwei zHANG zJason HOU Pacific Northwest National laboratory RichlandWA 99354USA Argonne National laboratory LemontIL 60439USA

Fires,including wildfires,harm air quality and essential public services like transportation,communication,and *** fires can also influence atmospheric conditions,including temperature and aerosols,potentially affecting severe convective ***,we investigate the remote impacts of fires in the western United States(WUS)on the occurrence of large hail(size:≥2.54 cm)in the central US(CUS)over the 20-year period of 2001–20 using the machine learning(Ml),Random Forest(RF),and Extreme Gradient Boosting(XGB)*** developed RF and XGB models demonstrate high accuracy(>90%)and F1 scores of up to 0.78 in predicting large hail occurrences when WUS fires and CUS hailstorms coincide,particularly in four states(Wyoming,South Dakota,Nebraska,and Kansas).The key contributing variables identified from both Ml models include the meteorological variables in the fire region(temperature and moisture),the westerly wind over the plume transport path,and the fire features(i.e.,the maximum fire power and burned area).The results confirm a linkage between WUS fires and severe weather in the CUS,corroborating the findings of our previous modeling study conducted on case simulations with a detailed physics model.

关键词： wildfire severe convective storm hailstorm machine learning

In vivo and in vitro study of resorbable magnesium wires for medical implants:Mg purity,surface quality,zn alloying and polymer coating

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第6期12卷 2472-2488页

作者： K.Tesar J.luňácková M.Jex M.Žaloudková R.Vrbová M.Bartoš P.Klein l.Vištejnová J.Dušková E.Filová z.Sucharda M.Steinerová S.Habr K.Balík A.Singh Department of Materials Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical EngineeringCzech Technical University in PragueTrojanova 13Prague 12000Czech Republic Institute of Physics Czech Academy of SciencesNa Slovance 2Prague 18221Czech Republic Institute of Dental Medicine First Faculty of MedicineCharles University and General University Hospital in PragueKaterinská32Prague 12801Czech Republic Department of Physics Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical EngineeringCzech Technical University in PragueBrehová7Prague 11519Czech Republic Department of Composites and Carbon Materials Institute of Rock Structure and MechanicsCzech Academy of SciencesV Holešovickách 41Prague 18209Czech Republic Institute of Anatomy First Faculty of MedicineCharles UniversityU Nemocnice 3Prague 12800Czech Republic Biomedical Center Faculty of Medicine in PilsenCharles UniversityAlej Svobody 76Pilsen 32300Czech Republic Department of Pathological Physiology Faculty of Medicine in PilsenCharles UniversityAlej Svobody 7632300 PilsenCzech Republic Department of Histology and Embryology Faculty of Medicine in PilsenCharles UniversityAlej Svobody 7632300 PilsenCzech Republic Institute of Pathology First Faculty of MedicineCharles University and General University Hospital in PragueStudnickova 2Prague 12800Czech Republic Department of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Institute of PhysiologyCzech Academy of SciencesVidenska 1083Prague 14200Czech Republic Research Center for Structural Materials National Institute for Materials Science1-2-1 SengenTsukuba 305-0047Japan

Magnesium is an excellent material in terms of biocompatibility and its corrosion products can serve as an active source for new bone ***,localized corrosion and H_(2)generation limit the potential of Mg-based *** low-alloyed Mg-zn wires can strongly reduce problems with large H_(2)bubbles and improve the mechanical properties considerably while maintaining excellent long-term *** pickling and a polymer coating can be effectively used to lower the rate of in vivo *** this work,microstructural,mechanical,and in vitro characterization of 250μm and 300μm extruded wires made from ultra-pure Mg,commercially pure Mg,Mg-0.15zn,Mg-0.4zn and Mg-1zn was ***,Mg-0.4zn wires together with a variant coated with a copolymer of l-lactide andε-caprolactone were tested in vivo on artificially damaged Wistar rat *** on the observed Mg-induced osteogenesis,polymer-coated Mg wires with a small addition of zn are a perspective material for bone-support applications,such as cerclage and fixation wires.

关键词： Magnesium Resorbable Mg wire Mg-zn implant degradation Biocompatibility study zn grain boundary segregation