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Astrocytic calcium waves:unveiling their roles in sleep and arousal modulation

Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第5期19卷 984-987页

作者： Erxi Wu Dan Qi Damir Nizamutdinov Jason h.huang Department of Neurosurgery and Neuroscience Institute Baylor Scott&White HealthTempleTXUSA Texas A&M University School of Medicine TempleTXUSA Texas A&M University School of Pharmacy College StationTXUSA LIVESTRONG Cancer Institutes and Department of Oncology Dell Medical Schoolthe University of Texas at AustinAustinTXUSA Department of Neurosurgery Baylor College of MedicineTempleTXUSA

Neuron-astrocyte interactions are vital for the brain’s *** astrocyte activities is crucial for comprehending the complex neural network,particularly the population-level functions of neurons in different cortical states and associated behaviors in *** on animal sleep and wakefulness have revealed distinct cortical synchrony patterns between ***,outnumbering neurons by nearly fivefold,support and regulate neuronal and synaptic *** research on astrocyte activation during cortical state transitions has emphasized the influence of norepinephrine as a neurotransmitter and calcium waves as key components of ion channel *** summary focuses on a few recent studies investigating astrocyte-neuron interactions in mouse models during sleep,wakefulness,and arousal levels,exploring the involvement of noradrenaline signaling,ion channels,and glutamatergic signaling in different cortical *** findings highlight the significant impact of astrocytes on large-scale neuronal networks,influencing brain activity and *** astrocytic signaling pathways shows promise for treating sleep disorders and arousal *** research is needed to understand astrocytic calcium signaling in different brain regions and its implications for dysregulated brain states,requiring future human studies to comprehensively investigate neuron-astrocyte interactions and pave the way for therapeutic interventions in sleep-and arousal-related disorders.

关键词： arousal astrocyte calcium waves locus coeruleus neuron-astrocyte interaction norepinephrine sleep wakefulness

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Post-layout simulation driven analog circuit sizing

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第4期67卷 289-300页

作者： Xiaohan GAO haoyi zhANG Siyuan YE Mingjie LIU David z.PAN Linxiao ShEN Runsheng WANG Yibo LIN Ru huang School of Integrated Circuits Peking University School of Computer Science Peking University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Texas at Austin Institute of Electronic Design Automation Peking University

Post-layout simulation provides accurate guidance for analog circuit design, but post-layout performance is hard to be directly optimized at early design stages. Prior work on analog circuit sizing often utilizes pre-layout simulation results as the optimization objective. In this work, we propose a post-layoutsimulation-driven(post-simulation-driven for short) analog circuit sizing framework that directly optimizes the post-layout simulation performance. The framework integrates automated layout generation into the optimization loop of transistor sizing and leverages a coupled Bayesian optimization algorithm to search for the best post-simulation performance. Experimental results demonstrate that our framework can achieve over 20% better post-layout performance in competitive time than manual design and the method that only considers pre-layout optimization.

关键词： analog EDA transistor sizing Bayesian optimization post-layout simulation

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Reply to “Beyond microbial carbon use efficiency”

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National Science Review 2024年第4期11卷 35-37页

作者： Feng Tao Johannes Lehmann Ying-Ping Wang Lifen Jiang Bernhard Ahrens Kostiantyn Viatkin Stefano Manzoni Benjamin z.houlton Yuanyuan huang Xiaomeng huang Yiqi Luo Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Cornell University Soil and Crop Sciences Section School of Integrative Plant ScienceCornell University CSIRO Environment Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry Department of Physical Geography and Bolin Centre for Climate Research Stockholm University Department of Global Development Cornell University Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Earth System Science Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modelling Institute for Global Change Studies Tsinghua University

In their commentary, Xiao et al.[1]cautioned that the conclusions on the critical role of microbial carbon use efficiency (CUE) in global soil organic carbon (SOC) storage in the paper by Tao et al.[2] might be too *** claimed that Tao et al.’s study lacked mechanistic consideration of SOC formation and excluded important data *** et al. brought up important points,which can be largely reconciled with our findings by understanding the differences in expressing processes in empirical studies and in models.

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A thermodynamic perspective on electrode poisoning in solid oxide fuel cells

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第6期31卷 1449-1455页

作者： Kevin huang Department of Mechanical Engineering University of South CarolinaColumbiaUSA

A critical challenge to the commercialization of clean and high-efficiency solid oxide fuel cell(SOFC)technology is the insuf-ficient stack lifespan caused by a variety of degradation mechanisms,which are associated with cell components and chemical *** components related degradation refers to thermal/chemical/electrochemical deterioration of cell materials under operating conditions,whereas the latter regards impurities in feedstocks of oxidant(air)and reductant(fuel).This article provides a thermodynamic perspective on the understanding of the impurities-induced degradation mechanisms in *** discussion focuses on using thermodynamic ana-lysis to elucidate poisoning mechanisms in cathodes by impurity species such as Cr,CO_(2),h_(2)O,and SO_(2) and in the anode by species such as S(or h_(2)S),SiO_(2),and P_(2)(or Ph_(3)).The author hopes the presented fundamental insights can provide a theoretical foundation for search-ing for better technical solutions to address the critical degradation challenges.

关键词： impurities air fuel reaction activity

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Dynamic risk management practice of construction for the long-distance and largest-diameter tunnel

Dynamic risk management practice of construction for the lon...

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作者： z.h.huang,X.L.Peng & W.Fang Shanghai Changjiang River Tunnel & Bridge Construction Company,Shanghai,P.R.China

This paper describes the construction of Shanghai Yangtze River Tunnel with its background, and discusses the difficulties of construction management of long-distance and large-diameter *** risk management is introduced to the tunnel construction management,to eliminate or reduce the relative risk resources,by risk analysis and *** aims to track the risk continuously,adopt various management methods consisting of monitoring and management of TBM,the-third-party monitoring,shift management, construction consultants,construction monitoring by telecommunication,rule construction in *** the construction of long-distance and large-diameter tunnel as example,it tells how to predicate and control risks by using dynamic risk management is introduced.

关键词： Tunnel Dynamic risk management practice of construction for the long-distance and largest-diameter tunnel

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Synthesis of 2D Porous h-BN Material by Molten Salt Method for CO2 Adsorption

Synthesis of 2D Porous h-BN Material by Molten Salt Method f...

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第二届全国光电材料与器件学术研讨会

作者： S.W.Li X.h.zeng h.Chen X.he W.Fang W.X.Li z.h.huang L.zhao The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy Wuhan University of Science & Technology

2D porous h-BN material is one of the potential CO adsorption materials due to its high specific surface area and unique pore *** molten salt method has a faster diffusion and migration rate,which can reduce the synthesis temperature,shorten the reaction time,and increase the specific surface area and structural defects of ***,2D porous h-BN material with a two-dimensional interlaced sponge-like porous structure was synthesized at 1000℃by using magnesium chloride(MgCl) as molten salt.

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Growth of Vertically Aligned BN Nanosheets via Ni-catalyzed Thermal Chemical Vapor Deposition

Growth of Vertically Aligned BN Nanosheets via Ni-catalyzed ...

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第二届全国光电材料与器件学术研讨会

作者： X.h.zeng S.W.Li h.Chen X.he W.Fang W.X.Li z.h.huang L.zhao The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy Wuhan University of Science & Technology

hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) nanosheets (BNNS) have been demonstrated potential applications for ultraviolet nanoelectronics,catalyst supports,electron field emission,and selfcleaning coatings,***,its wide spread application is retarded by the difficulty in scalable preparation under conventional preparation ***,we report the synthesis of vertically aligned hexagonal BNNS by Ni-catalyzed thermal chemical vapor deposition(CVD) method under ammonia gas flow at 1200℃via catalytic pyrolysis of inorganic hybrid precursor.

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Analysis on influence of conicity of extra-large diameter mixed shield machine on surface settlement

Analysis on influence of conicity of extra-large diameter mi...

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作者： Q.Q.Ji,z.h.huang & X.L.Peng Shanghai Changjiang Tunnel & Bridge Development Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai,P.R.China

Mixed shield machine with conicity is adopted in the Shanghai Yangtze River Tunnel Project. Few of the similar projects used this type of machine in soft *** article is based on the construction of the surface area of west tunnel of the Shanghai Yangtze River Tunnel ***-dimensional finite element model is built to investigate the influences of four types of construction conditions on surface settlement during TBM *** results obtained from numerical simulation are compared to the monitoring surface settlement gained from the field *** relationship between conicity of TBM and surface settlement is then *** experience may be offered to the similar project in soft clay later.

关键词： Analysis on influence of conicity of extra-large diameter mixed shield machine on surface settlement Tunnel

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A theory for three-dimensional response of micropolar plates

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第8期45卷 1403-1414页

作者： Dianwu huang Linghui hE College of Civil Engineering and Architectural Jiaxing University Department of Modern Mechanics and State Key Laboratory of Fire Science University of Science and Technology of China

Through combined applications of the transfer-matrix method and asymptotic expansion technique, we formulate a theory to predict the three-dimensional response of micropolar plates. No ad hoc assumptions regarding through-thickness assumptions of the field variables are made, and the governing equations are two-dimensional, with the displacements and microrotations of the mid-plane as the unknowns. Once the deformation of the mid-plane is solved, a three-dimensional micropolar elastic field within the plate is generated, which is exact up to the second order except in the boundary region close to the plate edge. As an illustrative example, the bending of a clamped infinitely long plate caused by a uniformly distributed transverse force is analyzed and discussed in detail.

关键词： 74h45 asymptotic expansion micropolar plate O341 three-dimensional response transfer-matrix

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Stimulated Raman scattering tomography for rapid three-dimensional chemical imaging of cells and tissue

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Advanced Photonics 2024年第2期6卷 20-31页

作者： Weiqi Wang zhiwei huang National University of Singapore College of Design and EngineeringOptical Bioimaging LaboratoryDepartment of Biomedical EngineeringSingapore

Three-dimensional(3D)imaging is essential for understanding intricate biological and biomedical systems,yet live cell and tissue imaging applications still face challenges due to constrained imaging speed and strong scattering in turbid ***,we present a unique phase-modulated stimulated Raman scattering tomography(PM-SRST)technique to achieve rapid label-free 3D chemical imaging in cells and *** accomplish PM-SRST,we utilize a spatial light modulator to electronically manipulate the focused Stokes beam along the needle Bessel pump beam for SRS tomography without the need for mechanical z *** demonstrate the rapid 3D imaging capability of PM-SRST by real-time monitoring of 3D Brownian motion of polystyrene beads in water with 8.5 hz volume rate,as well as the instant biochemical responses to acetic acid stimulants in MCF-7 ***,combining the Bessel pump beam with a longer wavelength Stokes beam(NIR-II window)provides a superior scattering resilient ability in PM-SRST,enabling rapid tomography in deeper tissue *** PM-SRST technique providestwofold enhancement in imaging depth in highly scattering media(e.g.,polymer beads phantom and biotissue like porcine skin and brain tissue)compared with conventional point-scan *** also demonstrate the rapid 3D imaging ability of PM-SRST by observing the dynamic diffusion and uptake processes of deuterium oxide molecules into plant *** rapid PM-SRST developed can be used to facilitate label-free 3D chemical imaging of metabolic activities and functional dynamic processes of drug delivery and therapeutics in live cells and tissue.

关键词： stimulated Raman scattering tomography deep tissue Raman imaging spatial light modulation

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