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THE COMPARATIVE STUDY OF VENTILATED SUPER CAVITY SHAPE IN WATER TUNNEL AND INFINITE FLOW FIELD

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2010年第5期22卷 689-696页

作者： ZHOU Jing-jun YU Kai-ping MIN Jing-xin yang ming School of Astronautics Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150001 China

In order to understand the difference of ventilated supercavity in water tunnel and infinite flow field, 3-D numerical simulations are carried out to obtain the ventilated supercavity in above mentioned conditions based on RANS equations, using the finite volume method and SST turbulence model in the framework of the two fluid multiphase flow model. The numerical method adopted in this article for the infinite flow field and water tunnel experiments is validated by comparing results with those of empirical formulas and experimental data. On this basis the difference between water tunnel experiments and infinite flow field is studied, including the influence of the route loss and the blocking effect in the water tunnel. Finally, some suggestions are made for water tunnel experiments.

关键词： ventilated supercavity two fluid multiphase model ambient pressure viscous effect blocking effect cavitation number

Identification and genetic analysis of multiple P chromosomes of Agropyron cristatum in the background of common wheat

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2018年第8期17卷 1697-1705页

作者： CHEN Hong-xin HAN Hai-ming LI Qing-feng ZHANG Jin-peng LU Yu-qing yang xin-ming LI Xiu-quan LIU Wei-hua LI Li-hui National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081P.R.China College of Agronomy Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100P.R.China

Agropyron cristatum, a wild relative of common wheat(Triticum aestivum L.), provides many desirable genetic resources for wheat improvement, such as tolerance to cold, drought, and disease. To transfer and utilize these desirable genes, in this study, two wheat-A. cristatum derivatives II-13 and II-23 were identified and analyzed. We found that the number of root tip cell chromosomes was 44 in both II-13 and II-23, but there were four and six P genome chromosomes in II-13 and II-23, respectively, based on genomic in situ hybridization(GISH). The chromosome configurations of II-13 and II-23 were both 2 n=22 II by the meiotic analysis of pollen mother cells(PMCs) at metaphase I, indicating that there were two and three pairs of P chromosomes in II-13 and II-23, respectively. Notably, wheat chromosome 7 D was absent in derivative line II-13 while II-23 lacked chromosomes 4 B and 7 A based on SSR analysis combining fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH) analysis with p As1 and p Sc119.2 as probes. Chromosomes 2 P and 7 P were detected in both II-13 and II-23. Another pair of P genome chromosomes in II-23 was determined to be 4 P based on expressed-sequences tags-sequence tagged sites(EST-STS) markers specific to A. cristatum and FISH with probes p Ac TRT1 and p Acp CR2. Overall, these results suggest that II-13 was a 7 P(7 D) substitution line with one pair of additional 2 P chromosomes and II-23 was a multiple 4 P(4 B), 7 P(7 A) substitution line with one pair of additional 2 P chromosomes. Moreover, we obtained six alien disomic addition lines and five alien disomic substitution lines by backcrossing. These new materials will allow desirable genes from A. cristatum to be used in common wheat.

关键词： common wheat Agropyron cristatum derivatives in situ hybridization molecular markers

Gene and protein expression profiling analysis of young spike development in large spike wheat germplasms

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2016年第4期15卷 744-754页

作者： CHEN Dan ZHANG Jin-peng LIU Wei-hua WU Xiao-yang yang xin-ming LI Xiu-quan LU Yu-qing LI Li-hui National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement Institute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081P.R.China Biotechnology and Germplasm Resources Institute Yunnan Academy of Agricultural SciencesKey Laboratory of Southwestern Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm InnovationMinistry of Agriculture/Scientific Observation for Rice Germplasm Resources of YunnanMinistry of Agriculture/Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural BiotechnologyKunming 650223P.R.China

The wheat grain number per spike （GNPS） is a major yield-limiting factor in wheat-breeding programs. Germplasms with a high GNPS are therefore valuable for increasing wheat yield potential. To investigate the molecular characteristics of young spike development in large-spike wheat germplasms with high GNPS, we performed gene and protein expression profiling analysis with three high-GNPS wheat lines （Pubing 3228, Pubing 3504 and 4844-12） and one Iow-GNPS control variety （Fukuho）. The phenotypic data for the spikes in two growth seasons showed that the GNPS of the three large-spike wheat lines were significantly higher than that of the Fukuho control line. The Affymetrix wheat chip and isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation-tandam mass spectrometry （iTRAQ-MS/MS） technology were employed for gene and protein expression profiling analyses of young spike development, respectively, at the floret primordia differentiation stage. A total of 598 differentially expressed transcripts （270 up-regulated and 328 down-regulated） and 280 proteins （122 up- regulated and 158 down-regulated） were identified in the three high-GNPS lines compared with the control line. We found that the expression of some floral development-related genes, including Wknoxlb, the AP2 domain protein kinase and the transcription factor HUA2, were up-regulated in the high-GNPS lines. The expression of the SHEPHERD （SHD） gene was up-regulated at both the transcript and protein levels. Overall, these results suggest that multiple regulatory pathways, including the CLAVATA pathway and the meristem-maintaining KNOX protein pathway, take part in the development of the high-GNPS phenotype in our wheat germplasms.

关键词： wheat high grain number per spike spike development expression profiling

Novel and favorable genomic regions for spike related traits in a wheat germplasm Pubing 3504 with high grain number per spike under varying environments

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2017年第11期16卷 2386-2401页

作者： CHEN Dan WU Xiao-yang WU Kuo ZHANG Jin-peng LIU Wei-hua yang xin-ming LI Xiu-quan LU Yu-qing LI Li-hui National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Biotechnology and Germplasm Resources Institute Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Southwestern Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm InnovationMinistry of Agriculture/Scientific Observation for Rice Germplasm Resources of YunnanMinistry of Agriculture/Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology

Grain number per spike （GNPS） is a major factor in wheat yield breeding. A new wheat germplasm Pubing 3504 shows superior features in spike traits. To elucidate the genetic basis of spike and yield related traits in Pubing 3504, 282 F2：3 families were generated from the cross Pubing 3504xJing 4839, and seven spike and yield related traits, including GNPS, spike length （SL）, kernel number per spikelet （KPS）, spikelet number per spike （SNS）, thousand-grain weight （TGW）, spike number per plant （SNP）, and plant height （HT） were investigated. Correlation analysis indicated significant positive correlations between GNPS and spike-related traits, including KPS, SNS, and SL, especially KPS. A genetic map was constructed using 190 polymorphic simple sequence repeat （SSR）, expressed sequence tag （EST）-SSR, and sequence- tagged-site （STS） markers. For the seven traits measured, a total of 37 quantitative trait loci （QTLs） in a single-environment analysis and 25 QTLs in a joint-environment analysis were detected. Additive effects of 70.3% （in a single environment） and 57.6% （in a joint environment） of the QTLs were positively contributed by Pubing 3504 alleles. Five important genomic regions on chromosomes 1A, 4A, 4B, 2D, and 4D could be stably detected in different environments. Among these regions, the marker interval Xmag834-Xbarc83 on the short arm of chromosome 1A was a novel important genomic region that included QTLs controlling GNPS, KPS, SNS, TGW, and SNP with stable environmental repeatability. This genomic region can improve the spike trait and may play a key role in improving wheat yield in the future. We deduced that this genomic region was vital to the high GNPS of Pubing 3504.

关键词： wheat high GNPS germplasm QTL mapping genomic region

Genetic effects of Agropyron cristatum 2P chromosome translocation fragments in a wheat background

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2023年第1期22卷 52-62页

作者： XU Shi-rui JIANG Bo HAN Hai-ming JI Xia-jie ZHANG Jin-peng ZHOU Sheng-hui yang xin-ming LI Xiu-quan LI Li-hui LIU Wei-hua National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement Institute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081P.R.China Triticeae Research Institute Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130P.R.China

Agropyron cristatum(2n=4x=28,PPPP)is a wild relative of common wheat which contains a large number of desirable genes that can be exploited for wheat ***–*** 2P alien translocation lines exhibit many desirable traits,such as small flag leaves,a high spikelet number and density,and a compact plant *** agronomic trait evaluation and a genetic analysis were carried out on translocation lines and backcross populations of these lines carrying different translocation *** results showed that a translocation fragment from 2PT-3(2PL)reduced the length of the flag leaves,while translocation fragments from 2PT-3(2PL)and 2PT-5(2PL(0.60–1.00))reduced the width of the flag leaves.A translocation fragment from 2PT-13(2PS(0.18–0.36))increased the length and area of the flag *** fragments from 2PT-3(2PL)and 2PT-8(2PL(0.86–1.00))increased the density of *** fragments from 2PT-7(2PL(0.00–0.09)),2PT-8(2PL(0.86–1.00)),2PT-10(2PS),and 2PT-13(2PS(0.18–0.36))reduced plant *** study provides a scientific basis for the effective utilization of wheat–*** translocation lines.

关键词： wheat-A.cristatum 2P chromosome translocation lines flag leaf spikelet density genetic effects

Genetic characteristics of a wheat founder parent and a widely planted cultivar derived from the same cross

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2018年第4期17卷 775-785页

作者： CHANG Li-fang LI Hui-hui WU Xiao-yang LU Yu-qing ZHANG Jin-peng yang xin-ming LI Xiu-quan LIU Wei-hua LI Li-hui National Key Facility for Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Utilization Ministry of Agriculture/Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences

Founder parents have contributed significantly to the improvement of wheat breeding and production. In order to investigate the genetic characteristics of founder parents and widely planted cultivars, Mazhamai(M), Biyumai(B) and six sibling lines(BM1–6) derived from the cross M×B were phenotyped for eight yield-related traits over multiple years and locations and genotyped using the the wheat 90 K single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP) assay. BM4 has been used as a founder parent, and BM1 has been widely planted, whereas BM2, 3, 5, and 6 have not been used extensively for breeding or planting in China. Phenotypic comparisons revealed that BM4 and BM1 displayed a better overall performance than the other sibling lines. BM1 showed higher thousand-grain weight than BM4, whereas BM4 exhibited lower coefficient of variation for most of the yield-related traits across different years and locations, indicating that BM4 was widely adaptable and more stable in different environments. SNP analysis revealed that BM4 and BM1 inherited similar proportions of the M genome but are dissimilar to BM2, 3, 5, and 6. Both BM1 and BM4 have specific alleles that differ from the other BM lines, and most of these alleles are concentrated in specific chromosomal regions that are found to associate with favorable QTLs, these SNPs and their surrounding regions may carry the genetic determinants important for the superior performance of the two lines. But BM4 has more genetic diversity than BM1 with more specific alleles and pleiotropic regions, indicating that the genome of BM4 may be more complex than the other sibling lines and has more favorable gene resources. Our results provide valuable information that can be used to select elite parents for wheat and self-pollinating crop breeding.

关键词： wheat founder parents widely planted cultivars SNP

High-Molecular-Weight Glutenin Subunit Composition of Chinese Wheat Germplasm

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2007年第8期6卷 899-907页

作者： ZHANG Ling-li LI Xiu-quan yang xin-ming LI Hong-jie WANG Hui LI Li-hui College of Agronomy Northwest A＆F University Yangling 712100 P.R.China The National Key Facilities for Crop Genetic Resources and Improvement （NFCRI） Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 P.R.China

The objective of the present study was to characterize the high molecular glutenin subunits （HMW-GS） composition and the presence of 1B/1R translocation in newly developed wheat （Triticum aestivum L.） germplasm, which have one or more traits that are useful in wheat improvement. Sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis （SDS-PAGE） and acid polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis （A-PAGE） were used to detect HMW-GS composition and the presence of 1B/1R wheat-rye （Secale cereale L.） chromosome translocation in the wheat germplasm. Bread-making quality scores of these lines were determined. A high level of variations in HMW-GS encoded by Glu-1 locus was observed. Sixteen major HMW-GS, with 30 combinations, were detected. The percentage of cultivars with more than two desirable subunits was 38.7%. Thirteen cultivars had bread-making quality scores of 10 in combination with one or two desirable agronomical traits, such as high-yield potential, dwarfing stem, resistance to diseases, and/or tolerance to abiotic stress. Sixty-eight （36.6%） cultivars possessed 1B/1R translocation. The newly developed germplasm with HMW-GS for good quality can be promising resources for improving bread-making quality of wheat.

关键词： bread wheat high-molecular-weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GS) 1B/1R translocation

Inheritance and Availability of High Grain Number Per Spike in Two Wheat Germplasm Lines

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2012年第9期11卷 1409-1416页

作者： CHEN Dan ZHANG Jin-peng WANG Jian-sheng yang xin-ming LIU Wei-hua GAQ Ai-nong LI Xiu-quan LI Li-hui National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 P.R.China Hybrid Rapeseed Research Center of Shaanxi Province/Shaanxi Rapeseed Branch of National Oil Crops Genetic Improvement Center Dali 715105 P.R.China

Grain number per spike （GNPS） is a major factor in wheat yield breeding. The development of high GNPS germplasm is widely emphasized in wheat-yield breeding. This paper reported two high GNPS wheat germplasm lines, Pubing 3228 and Pubing 3504, which had a stable and wide adaptability to different ecological regions. By exploring a nested cross design with reciprocals using Pubing 3228 or Pubing 3504 as a common parent and investigating the GNPS phenotypes of F1 hybrids in 2007-2008 and F2 populations in 2008-2009 of different cross combinations, the narrow-sense GNPS heritability was up to 49.58 and 52.23%, respectively. Genetic model analysis predictions suggested that GNPS in Pubing 3228 and Pubing 3504 was mainly controlled by additive genetic effects. Correlation analysis results between GNPS and 1 000- kernel weight （TKW） of F2 populations showed that TKW was not influenced with the increase of GNPS. The good coordination among three yield components of spike number per plant （SNPP）, GNPS, and TKW in the F2 segregating population implied that selection of good candidate individuals in breeding programs would be relatively straightforward. Overall, our results indicated that Pubing 3228 and Pubing 3504 are two potential germplasm lines for yield improvement of GNPS in pedigree selection of wheat breeding.

关键词： wheat high grain number per spike inheritance yield breeding

PHASE Ⅱ STUDY OF GEMCITABINE COMBINED WITH PLATINUM CHEMOTHERAPY FOR RECURRENT EPITHELIAL OVARIAN CANCER

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Chinese Medical Sciences Journal 2007年第3期22卷 177-182页

作者： Peng Peng Keng Shen Jia-xin yang ming Wu Hui-fang Huang Ling-ya Pan Jing-he Lang Department of Obstetrics ＆ Gynecology Peking Union Medical College Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences ＆ Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100730

Objective To evaluate the anti-tumor effect and toxicity of gemcitabine combined with platinum chemotherapy on recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer. Methods Phase Ⅱ study of gemcitabine combined with platinum chemotherapy was carried out in 22 patients with recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer. Median age of patients was 50. 5 years old. Seven patients were platinum-sensitive and 15 patients were platinum-resistant or -refractory. All patients received gemcitabine combined with carboplatin or oxa/iplatin chemotherapy. Patients＇ response rate （RR） and toxicity of gemcitabine combined with platinum chemotherapy were evaluated. Results A total of 98 gemcitabine-based chemotherapy cycles were performed. Total RR was 36. 4%, RR of platinum-sensitive patients was 4/7 and platinum-resistant and -refractory patients was 4/15. The estimated median survival time was 10.0 months （95% CI. 7.0-13.0） after initiation of gemcitabine combined with platinum chemotherapy. There was no significant difference in survival time between platinum-resistant/refractory group and platinum-sensitive group （P = 0. 061 ）. Side effects of gemcitabine combined with platinum chemotherapy were observed in 81.8% of patients. Grade Ⅱ/Ⅲ anemia （54. 5% ） and grade Ⅲ/Ⅳ neutropenia （54. 5% ） were most common toxicities. Ten （45.5%） patients had to delay their chemotherapy cycles or reduce the dose of chemotherapeutic drugs because of the severe side effects. Fourteen （63.6%） patients received granulocyte colony-stimulating factor to relieve neutropenia, and 8 （ 36. 4% ） patients received component blood transfusion to treat anemia or thrombocytopenia. There was no treatment-associated death. Conclusion Gemcitabine combined with platinum chemotherapy appears to be an effective and well-tolerant treatment for recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer, including platinum-resistant or -refractory diseases.

关键词： second-line chemotherapy gemcitabine ovarian cancer phase Ⅱ