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Chain Dynamics Heterogeneity in Plasticized Poly(vinyl butyral)(PVB) as Elucidated by Solid-State NMR

Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第1期42卷 113-124,I0010页

作者： Jing lv Xu Chen Zi-Shuo Wu ya-Hui Li Wei Chen National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer FilmCAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter ChemistryUniversity of Scienceand Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China

The chain dynamics heterogeneity of the poly(vinyl butyral)(PVB) plasticized by triethylene glycol bis(2-ethylhexa noate)(TEG-EH) was investigated by various solid-state NMR *** plasticized PVB shows two domains in distinct molecular dynamics differences,namely,rigid and soft domains,where the latter is the plasticizer-rich *** time domain low field NMR was first used to investigate the dynamics heterogeneity of the plasticized PVB,and the results show the decreasing activated energy of components in the soft domain of plasticized PVB(E_a=20.2 kJ/mol) as compared with that of the pristine one(E_a=24.3 kJ/mol).Detailed dynamics heterogeneity was obtained by high-field NMR with site-specific *** quadrupole-echo ~2H-NMR was adopted to elucidate the dynamics heterogeneity of the vinyl alcohol(VA) units,where only the hydroxyl group of VA is *** ~1H-^(13)C WISE NMR spectra show that there is not much difference in the mobility of the VB unit in PVB with and without plasticizer,whereas the glass transition temperature differed by approximately 53℃.This is further supported by Torchia's T_1 relaxation *** origin of such an unusual phenomenon is attributed to the critical role of the remaining VA(~22%) in the soft domain,where the VA units locally aggregate through hydrogen ***,the existence of a mobility gradient in the VB unit has been ***,the mobility difference for VB with different stereo-geometry(meso or racemic conformation) is observed for the first *** indicates the importance of modulating the ratio of meso over racemic VB for controlling the macroscopic perfo rmance of PVB.

关键词： Poly(vinyl butyral) Dynamics heterogeneity Plasticizer Solid state NMR

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Fabricating functionally graded Fe-Cr-Co permanent magnetic alloys via laser powder bed fusion

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2024年第3期31卷 729-737页

作者： ya-zhou He ya-qing Hou Peng Shen Hao Zhang Dong Zhou Hang su Central Iron and Steel Research Institute Co. Ltd.Beijing 100081China Material Digital R&D Center China Iron and Steel Research Institute Group Co.Ltd.Beijing 100081China

Laser powder bed fusion(LPBF)in-situ alloying technology offers the possibility to construct gradient materials with varied structures and *** graded Fe-Cr-Co permanent magnetic alloys were fabricated by LPBF and in-situ alloying mixed powders of Fe,Cr,and Co *** effects of different Fe,Cr and Co contents on the microstructure,magnetic properties and hardness of Fe-Cr-Co alloys prepared by LPBF were *** as-built Fe-Cr-Co alloys present a single body-centered-cubic phase and have a homogeneous distribution of *** mechanical properties and magnetic properties of the compositionally graded sample show a gradient *** the increase in Cr content,the Vickers hardness of the sample increases,and the saturation magnetization of the sample *** optimal magnetic properties in an isotropic state are given as coercivity HcB=21.65 kA/m,remanence Br=0.70 T and energy product(BH)_(max)=5.35 kJ/m^(3),which are comparable to or higher than the reported magnetic properties in an isotropic state prepared by traditional powder *** in-situ alloying technology has the potential to further explore Fe-Cr-Co magnetic materials,such as those consisting of multiple or more constituent elements,and to maximize the compositional flexibility of magnetic materials.

关键词： Fe-Cr-Co alloy Laser powder bed fusion In-situ alloying Functional material Magnetic property

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Introducing urea into tirapazamine derivatives to enhance anticancer therapy

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National Science Review 2024年第4期11卷 245-253页

作者： yajun Xu Jianlin lv Chaoying Kong ya Liu Kun Wang Zhaohui Tang Xuesi Chen Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China

Tirapazamine（TPZ） has been approved for multiple clinical trials relying on its excellent anticancer ***,as a typical hypoxia-activated prodrug（HAP）,TPZ did not exhibit survival advantages in Phase Ⅲ clinical trials when used in combination therapy due to the insufficient hypoxia levels in patients' *** this study,to improve the therapeutic effects of TPZ,we first introduced urea to synthesize a series of urea-containing derivatives of *** urea-containing TPZ derivatives showed increased hypoxic cytotoxicity（9.51-30.85-fold） compared with TPZ,while maintaining hypoxic ***,one of these derivatives,showed 20-fold higher cytotoxicity than TPZ while maintaining a similar hypoxic cytotoxicity *** highly efficiently deliver TPZP to the tumors and reduce its side effects on healthy tissues,we further prepared TPZP into a nanodrug with fibrin-targeting ability:***4-NPs,a vascular disrupting agent,was used to increase the fibrin level within tumors and exacerbate tumor *** being combined with CA4-NPs,FT11-TPZP-NPs can accumulate in the hypoxia-aggravated tumors and activate sufficiently to kill tumor *** a single-dose treatment,FT11-TPZP-NPs+CA4-NPs showed a high inhibition rate of 98.1% against CT26 tumor models with an initial volume of ～480 mm3and four out of six tumors were completely eliminated;it thereby exerted a significant antitumor *** study provides a new strategy for improving the therapeutic effect of TPZ and other HAPs in anticancer therapy.

关键词： tirapazamine vascular disrupting agent hypoxia-activated prodrug combretastatin A4 urea

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Access to Axially Chiral Aryl Aldehydes via Carbene-Catalyzed Nitrile Formation and Desymmetrization Reaction

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Research 2024年第3期2024卷 715-721页

作者： Yuanlin Cai ya lv Liangzhen Shu Zhichao Jin Yonggui Robin Chi Tingting Li National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural BioengineeringMinistry of EducationGuizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China School of Chemistry Chemical Engineeringand BiotechnologyNanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 637371Singapore.

An approach utilizing N-heterocyclic carbene for nitrile formation and desymmetrization reaction is developed. The process involves kinetic resolution, with the axially chiral aryl monoaldehydes obtained in moderate yields with excellent optical purities. These axially chiral aryl monoaldehydes can be conveniently transformed into functionalized molecules, showing great potential as catalysts in organic chemistry.

关键词： chemistry. aldehydes chiral

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A novel CRX mutation by whole-exome sequencing in an autosomal dominant cone-rod dystrophy pedigree

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2015年第6期8卷 1112-1117页

作者： Qin-Kang Lu Na Zhao ya-su lv Wei-Kun Gong Hui-Yun Wang Qi-Hu Tong Xiao-Ming Lai Rong-Rong Liu Ming-yan Fang Jian-Guo Zhang Zhen-Fang Du Xian-Ning Zhang Ophthalmology Center Yinzhou People's Hospital Yinzhou Hospital Affiliated to Medical School of Ningbo University Department of Cell Biology and Medical Genetics Research Center for Molecular Medicine Institute of Cell BiologyZhejiang University School of Medicine BGI-Shenzhen

AIMTo identify the disease-causing gene mutation in a Chinese pedigree with autosomal dominant cone-rod dystrophy (adCORD).METHODSA southern Chinese adCORD pedigree including 9 affected individuals was studied. Whole-exome sequencing (WES), coupling the Agilent whole-exome capture system to the Illumina HiSeq 2000 DNA sequencing platform was used to search the specific gene mutation in 3 affected family members and 1 unaffected member. After a suggested variant was found through the data analysis, the putative mutation was validated by Sanger DNA sequencing of samples from all available family *** results of both WES and Sanger sequencing revealed a novel nonsense mutation c.C766T (p.Q256X) within exon 5 of CRX gene which was pathogenic for adCORD in this family. The mutation could affect photoreceptor-specific gene expression with a dominant-negative effect and resulted in loss of the OTX tail, thus the mutant protein occupies the CRX-binding site in target promoters without establishing an interaction and, consequently, may block *** modes of Mendelian inheritance in CORD have been observed, and genetic heterogeneity is a hallmark of CORD. Therefore, conventional genetic diagnosis of CORD would be time-consuming and labor-intensive. Our study indicated the robustness and cost-effectiveness of WES in the genetic diagnosis of CORD.

关键词： cone-rod dystrophy autosomal dominant cone-rod dystrophy whole-exome sequencing Sanger sequencing CRX gene mutation

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In-situ SEM characterization of fracture mechanism of TiB/Ti-2Al-6Sn titanium matrix composites after electroshocking treatment

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Rare Metals 2024年第6期43卷 2805-2818页

作者： ya-ya Wu Jian Zhou Guo-Lei Han yan Wen Zhou Wang Li-Qiang Wang Wei-Jie lv Le-Chun Xie Lin Hua Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Automotive Components Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Automotive Components Technology Wuhan 430070China Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing Beijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites School of Materials Science and EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

In this article,in-situ scanning electron microscope characterization of the tensile properties of TiB/Ti-2Al-6Sn titanium matrix composite(TMC)was conducted before and after electroshocking treatment(EST).After EST,the tensile strength increased by 113.2 *** effect of EST on the tensile strength and fracture behavior of TiB was investigated using in-situ characterization of the fracture morphology and crack propagation path of the matrix and *** EST,TiB fracture introduced cracks that extended into the matrix,resulting in material *** EST,the refined TiB improved the bearing capacity of the matrix,thereby improving TMC ***,after EST,the cracks were introduced into the matrix,and resulting the fracture of matrix *** an increase in the external load,cracks in the matrix were observed to propagate to TiB,and the refined TiB was fractured,detached,and pulled out,resulting in the formation of *** the propagation path of the main crack after EST showed that the deflection angle of the main crack *** micro structure of the fracture surface indicated that the fracture of the matrix was plastic,whereas that of TiB was *** EST,the size and area of the dimples increased,confirming the increase in *** results revealed that the comprehensive mechanical properties of TiB/Ti-2Al-6Sn improved after ***,EST is an efficient method for tailoring the micro structures and mechanical properties of TMCs.

关键词： TiB/Ti-2Al-6Sn In-situ microstructure characterization Tensile properties Reinforcement Electroshocking treatment(EST)

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Anti-infective immune functions of type IV interferon in grass carp(Ctenopharyngodon idella):A novel antibacterial and antiviral interferon in lower vertebrates

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Zoological Research 2024年第5期45卷 972-982页

作者： Yuchen Liu Wentao Zhu yanqi Zhang Jingjing Zhang Maolin lv Jianguo su Hubei Hongshan Laboratory College of FisheriesHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubei 430070China Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology Qingdao Marine Science and Technology CenterQingdaoShandong 266237China

Type IV interferon(IFN-υ)is a recently discovered cytokine crucial for host defense against viral ***,the role and mechanisms of IFN-υin bacterial infections remain *** study investigated the antibacterial and antiviral functions and mechanisms of grass carp(Ctenopharyngodon idella)IFN-υ(CiIFN-υ)both in vivo and in *** CiIFN-υgene was first identified and characterized in grass ***,the immune expression of CiIFN-υsignificantly increased following bacterial challenge,indicating its response to bacterial *** eukaryotic recombinant expression plasmid of CiIFN-υwas then constructed and transfected into fathead minnow(FHM)*** were collected and incubated with four bacterial strains,followed by plate spreading and colony *** indicated that CiIFN-υexhibited more potent antibacterial activity against gram-negative bacteria compared to gram-positive bacteria and aggregated gram-negative bacteria but not gram-positive *** vivo experiments further confirmed the antibacterial function,showing high survival rates,low tissue edema and damage,reduced tissue bacterial load,and elevated proinflammatory response at the early stages of bacterial *** addition,the antiviral function of CiIFN-υwas confirmed through in vitro and in vivo experiments,including crystal violet staining,survival rates,tissue viral burden,and reverse transcription-quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR).This study highlights the antibacterial function and preliminary mechanism of IFN-υ,demonstrating that IFN-υpossesses dual functions against bacterial and viral infections.

关键词： Grass carp(Ctenopharyngodon idella) IFN-υ Bactericidal activity Antiviral activity Antimicrobial immunity

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Cone-beam computed tomography noise reduction method based on U-Net with convolutional block attention module in proton therapy

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第7期35卷 89-100页

作者： Xing-Yue Ruan Xiu-Fang Li Meng-ya Guo Mei Chen Ming lv Rui Li Zhi-Ling Chen Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai201800China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai201210China Department of Radiation Oncology Ruijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200025China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Proton therapy Shanghai201801China

Cone-beam computed tomography(CBCT) is mostly used for position verification during the treatment process. However,severe image artifacts in CBCT hinder its direct use in dose calculation and adaptive radiation therapy re-planning for proton therapy. In this study, an improved U-Net neural network named CBAM-U-Net was proposed for CBCT noise reduction in proton therapy, which is a CBCT denoised U-Net network with convolutional block attention modules. The datasets contained 20 groups of head and neck images. The CT images were registered to CBCT images as ground truth. The original CBCT denoised U-Net network, sCTU-Net, was trained for model performance comparison. The synthetic CT(SCT) images generated by CBAM-U-Net and the original sCTU-Net are called CBAM-SCT and U-Net-SCT images, respectively. The HU accuracies of the CT, CBCT, and SCT images were compared using four metrics: mean absolute error(MAE), root mean square error(RMSE), peak signal-to-noise ratio(PSNR), and structure similarity index measure(SSIM). The mean values of the MAE, RMSE, PSNR, and SSIM of CBAM-SCT images were 23.80 HU, 64.63 HU, 52.27 dB, and 0.9919, respectively,which were superior to those of the U-Net-SCT images. To evaluate dosimetric accuracy, the range accuracy was compared for a single-energy proton beam. The γ-index pass rates of a 4 cm × 4 cm scanned field and simple plan were calculated to compare the effects of the noise reduction capabilities of the original U-Net and CBAM-U-Net on the dose calculation results. CBAM-U-Net reduced noise more effectively than sCTU-Net, particularly in high-density tissues. We proposed a CBAM-U-Net model for CBCT noise reduction in proton therapy. Owing to the excellent noise reduction capabilities of CBAM-U-Net, the proposed model provided relatively explicit information regarding patient tissues. Moreover, it maybe be used in dose calculation and adaptive treatment planning in the future.

关键词： Proton therapy Cone-beam CT CBAM-U-Net γ-index

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Association between childhood obesity and gut microbiota:16S rRNA gene sequencing-based cohort study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第16期30卷 2249-2257页

作者： Xu-Ming Li Qing lv ya-Jun Chen Lu-Biao yan Xin Xiong Laboratory Department Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital(Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Hospital)Nanjing 210004Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Pediatrics Shenzhen University General HospitalShenzhen 518055Guangdong ProvinceChina Department of Inspection Division Women’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University(Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital)Nanjing 210004Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Pediatrics Women’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University(Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital)Nanjing 210004Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Neonatology Chenzhou First People’s HospitalChenzhou 423000Hunan ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND This study aimed to identify characteristic gut genera in obese and normal-weight children(8-12 years old)using 16S rDNA *** research aimed to provide insights for mechanistic studies and prevention strategies for childhood *** normal-weight and thirty age-and sex-matched obese children were *** and body measurements were collected,and fecal samples underwent 16S rDNA *** differences in body mass index(BMI)and body-fat percentage were observed between the *** of gut microbiota diversity revealed lowerα-diversity in obese *** in gut microbiota composition were found between the two *** and Firmicutes were more abundant in the obese group,while Bacteroides and Sanguibacteroides were more prevalent in the control *** To identify the characteristic gut genera in obese and normal-weight children(8-12-year-old)using 16S rDNA sequencing,and provide a basis for subsequent mechanistic studies and prevention strategies for childhood *** Thirty each normal-weight,1:1 matched for age and sex,and obese children,with an obese status from 2020 to 2022,were included in the control and obese groups,*** information was collected through questionnaires and body measurements were obtained from both obese and normal-weight *** samples were collected from both groups and subjected to 16S rDNA sequencing using an Illumina MiSeq sequencing platform for gut microbiota diversity *** Significant differences in BMI and body-fat percentage were observed between the two *** Ace and Chao1 indices were significantly lower in the obese group than those in the control group,whereas differences were not significant in the Shannon and Simpson ***-Wallis tests indicated significant differences in unweighted and weighted UniFrac distances between the gut microbiota of normal-weight and obese children(Psuggest

关键词： Childhood obesity Gut microbiota 16S rDNA sequencing Diversity analysis Genus identification Body mass index

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Boosting solar hydrogen production via electrostatic interaction mediated ***-TiO_(2−x)biohybrid system

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Nano Research 2024年第6期17卷 5390-5398页

作者： Xingxing lv Weicheng Huang ya Gao Rui Chen Xiaowei Chen Danqing Liu Ling Weng Liangcan He Shaoqin Liu School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering Harbin University of Science and TechnologyHarbin 150040China School of Medicine and Health and Key Laboratory of Micro-systems and Micro-structures Manufacturing of Ministry of EducationHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China Department of Physics School of ScienceJimei UniversityXiamen 361021China Zhengzhou Research Institute Harbin Institute of TechnologyZhengzhou 450046China

Hydrogen is garnering growing attention as a green energy source with zero carbon ***,most hydrogen production technologies still rely on the consumption of fossil fuels and are therefore *** has driven the search for more environmentally friendly methods of hydrogen *** this work,we present an innovative approach to enhance hydrogen generation via electrostatic interaction in the Escherichia coli and defective titanium dioxide(TiO_(2−x))*** method involves narrowing the forbidden bandwidth of TiO2 while introducing defect bands into its conduction band to facilitate visible light absorption and efficient charge *** biohybrid system,consisting of *** and TiO_(2−x),demonstrates a remarkable capability to produce 1.25 mmol of hydrogen within a 3-h timeframe under visible light *** accomplishment signifies a 3.31-fold rise in hydrogen production in comparison to ***,signifying a substantial enhancement in hydrogen production ***,we delve into the alterations in biological metabolites associated with hydrogen production and the changes in electron transfer in different biohybrid *** provides valuable insights into the understanding of the intrinsic mechanisms that drive the *** work introduces a novel and promising avenue for achieving this exciting goal.

关键词： Escherichia coli TiO_(2−x)nanoparticles biohybrid system hydrogen production

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