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Yak rumen microbiome elevates fiber degradation ability and alters rumen fermentation pattern to increase feed efficiency

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Animal Nutrition 2022年第4期11卷 201-214页

作者： Congcong Zhao Lamei Wang Shanlin Ke xinhua Chen Akos Kenez Wei Xu Dangdang Wang Fan Zhang Yong Li Zhanhong Cui Yu qiao Jing Wang Wenjuan Sun Jianhua Zhao Junhu Yao Zhongtang Yu Yangchun Cao College of Animal Science and Technology Northwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxiChina Division of Gastroenterology Department of MedicineBeth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Channing Division of Network Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health City University of Hong KongKowloonHong KongChina Qinghai Academy of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences Qinghai UniversityXiningQinghaiChina Department Animal Engineering Yangling Vocational&Technical CollegeYanglingShaanxiChina Shanghai Majorbio Bio-pharm Technology Co. Ltd.ShanghaiChina Department of Animal Sciences The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUnited States

Rumen microbes play an important role in ruminant energy supply and animal *** studies showed that yak(Bos grunniens)rumen microbiome and fermentation differ from other ***,little is understood about the features of the rumen microbiome that make yak adapted to their unique environmental and dietary *** study was to investigate the rumen microbiome and metabolome to understand how yak adapt to the coarse forage and harsh environment in the Qinghai-Tibetan *** female Qaidam yellow cattle(Bos taurus),9 dzomo(hybrids of cattle and yak)and 9 female plateau yak(***),about 5 to 6 years old,were used in this *** fermentation parameters,fibrolytic enzyme activities,and rumen metataxonomic were *** 18(6 samples per group)were selected for rumen metagenomic and metabolome *** analysis revealed that the rumen microbiota was significantly different among plateau yak,Qaidam yellow cattle,and dzomo(P<0.05).Metagenomic analysis displayed a larger gene pool encoding a richer repertoire of carbohydrate-active enzymes in the rumen microbiome of plateau yak and dzomo than Qaidam yellow cattle(P<0.05).Some of the genes encoding glycoside hydrolases that mediate the digestion of cellulose and hemicellulose were significantly enriched in the rumen of plateau yak than Qaidam yellow cattle,but glycoside hydrolase 57 that primarily includes amylases was abundant in Qaidam yellow cattle(P<0.05).The rumen fermentation profile differed also,Qaidam yellow cattle having a higher molar proportion of acetate but a lower molar proportion of propionate than dzomo and plateau yak(P<0.05).Based on metabolomic analysis,rumen microbial metabolic pathways and metabolites were *** metabolites are mainly amino acids,carboxylic acids,sugars,and bile *** in rumen microbial composition could explain the above *** present study showed that the rumen microbiome of plateau yak h

关键词： High plateau ruminant Rumen microbiome Metagenome Metabolome

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Economic evaluation of cervical cancer screening strategies in urban China

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Chinese Journal of Cancer Research 2019年第6期31卷 974-983页

作者： Li Ma Yuying Wang Xiaohong Gao Yi Dai Yu Zhang Zhaojing Wang Xiaoxia Wang Limin Wang Jing Jiang xinhua Jing Chunxia Yang Fanghui Zhao Jinghe Lang Youlin qiao Department of Epidemiology School of Public HealthDalian Medical UniversityDalian 116044China Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Peking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100730China Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Wafangdian Maternal and Child Health Care HospitalDalian 116300China Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics West China School of Public HealthSichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China Department of Epidemiology National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021China

Objective:This study evaluated the feasibility of different cervical cancer screening strategies in urban ***:A Markov model was constructed to simulate a hypothetical cohort of 100,000 females aged 30-59 years in a 20-year *** strategies included liquid-based cytology(LBC)every three years,human papillomavirus(HPV)DNA testing every three and five years,respectively,and a combination of HPV DNA testing and LBC(HPV+LBC)every three and five years,*** outcomes included cumulative incidence over 20 years,cumulative risk of cervical cancer,costs,life year saved(LYS),quality-adjusted life years(QALYs)and *** cost-effectiveness ratios(CERs),incremental cost-effectiveness ratios(ICERs),costutility ratios(CURs),and benefit-cost ratios(BCRs)were used as outcomes in the health economic evaluation *** sensitivity analyses were performed to examine the stability of the ***:The cumulative incidence of the five screening strategies ranged from 833.02 to 1,158.07 cases per100,000 *** DNA testing was most effective in reducing the cumulative risk of cervical cancer,saving life years and QALYs and gaining *** CERs of HPV DNA testing every three and five years,and LBC every three years were considered to be very cost-effective if they were below China's GDP per *** CERs of HPV+LBC were considered to be cost-effective if they were below three times GDP per *** incremental cost-effectiveness analysis showed that HPV DNA testing every three and five years,LBC every three years and HPV+LBC every five years were dominant ***:The findings of this study indicated that HPV DNA testing every five years or LBC every three years should be recommended in urban China.

关键词： Cervical cancer Markov model economic evaluation

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Biomarkers of aging

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2023年第5期66卷 893-1066页

作者： Aging Biomarker Consortium Hainan Bao Jiani Cao Mengting Chen Min Chen Wei Chen Xiao Chen Yanhao Chen Yu Chen Yutian Chen Zhiyang Chen Jagadish K Chhetri Yingjie Ding Junlin Feng Jun Guo Mengmeng Guo Chuting He Yujuan Jia Haiping Jiang Ying Jing Dingfeng Li Jiaming Li Jingyi Li Qinhao Liang Rui Liang Feng Liu Xiaoqian Liu Zuojun Liu Oscar Junhong Luo Jianwei Lv Jingyi Ma Kehang Mao Jiawei Nie xinhua qiao Xinpei Sun Xiaoqiang Tang Jianfang Wang qiaoran Wang Siyuan Wang Xuan Wang Yaning Wang Yuhan Wang Rimo Wu Kai Xia Fu-Hui Xiao Lingyan Xu Yingying Xu Haoteng Yan Liang Yang Ruici Yang Yuanxin Yang Yilin Ying Le Zhang Weiwei Zhang Wenwan Zhang Xing Zhang Zhuo Zhang Min Zhou Rui Zhou Qingchen Zhu Zhengmao Zhu Feng Cao Zhongwei Cao Piu Chan Chang Chen Guobing Chen Hou-Zao Chen Jun Chen Weimin Ci Bi-Sen Ding Qiurong Ding Feng Gao Jing-Dong JHan Kai Huang Zhenyu Ju Qing-Peng Kong Ji Li Jian Li Xin Li Baohua Liu Feng Liu Lin Liu Qiang Liu Qiang Liu Xingguo Liu Yong Liu Xianghang Luo Shuai Ma Xinran Ma Zhiyong Mao Jing Nie Yaojin Peng Jing Qu Jie Ren Ruibao Ren Moshi Song Zhou Songyang Yi Eve Sun Yu Sun Mei Tian Shusen Wang Si Wang Xia Wang Xiaoning Wang Yan-Jiang Wang Yunfang Wang Catherine CL Wong Andy Peng Xiang Yichuan Xiao Zhengwei Xie Daichao Xu Jing Ye Rui Yue Cuntai Zhang Hongbo Zhang Liang Zhang Weiqi Zhang Yong Zhang Yun-Wu Zhang Zhuohua Zhang Tongbiao Zhao Yuzheng Zhao Dahai Zhu Weiguo Zou Gang Pei Guang-Hui Liu Aging Biomarker Consortium(ABC) Beijing 100101China CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine Beijing Institute of GenomicsChinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for BioinformationBeijing 100101China State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Department of Dermatology Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangsha 410008China Hunan Key Laboratory of Aging Biology Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangsha 410008China National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangsha 410008China Clinic Center of Human Gene Research Union HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430022China Hubei Clinical Research Center of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Disease Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430022China Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Abnormalities and Vascular Aging Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430022China Stem Cell Translational Research Center Tongji HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghai 200065China Department of Nuclear Medicine Daping HospitalThird Military Medical UniversityChongqing 400042China CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition Metabolism and Food SafetyShanghai Institute of Nutrition and HealthUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200031China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant HospitalFrontier Science Center for Stem Cell ResearchShanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease ResearchSchool of Life Sciences and TechnologyTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China The Department of Endovascular Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450052China Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education Institute of Ageing and Regenerative MedicineJ

Aging biomarkers are a combination of biological parameters to(i)assess age-related changes,(ii)track the physiological aging process,and(iii)predict the transition into a pathological *** a broad spectrum of aging biomarkers has been developed,their potential uses and limitations remain poorly *** immediate goal of biomarkers is to help us answer the following three fundamental questions in aging research:How old are we?Why do we get old?And how can we age slower?This review aims to address this ***,we summarize our current knowledge of biomarkers developed for cellular,organ,and organismal levels of aging,comprising six pillars:physiological characteristics,medical imaging,histological features,cellular alterations,molecular changes,and secretory *** fulfill all these requisites,we propose that aging biomarkers should qualify for being specific,systemic,and clinically relevant.

关键词： aging senescence biomarker clock

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Commonly used animal models of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2009年第3期8卷 233-240页

作者： Fan, Jian-Gao qiao, Liang Univ Hong Kong Queen Mary Hosp Div Gastroenterol & Hepatol Dept Med Hong Kong Hong Kong Peoples R China Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ Xinhua Hosp Dept Gastroenterol Sch Med Shanghai 200092 Peoples R China

BACKGROUND: Animal models are an essential tool in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) studies. Ideally, such models should reflect the etiology, disease progression, and the established pathology of human NASH. To date, no single animal model displays the range of histopathologic and pathophysiologic features associated with human NASH. The currently available models do not or only partially reflect the real picture of human NASH. In particular, insulin resistance and fibrosing steatohepatitis are rarely reproduced by the currently available models. Consequently, it is necessary to establish NASH models that can best mimic the real etiology, disease progression, and pathogenesis of human NASH. DATA SOURCES: We reviewed the major currently available animal models published in the literature (PubMed) and briefly commented on the pros and cons of these models. RESULT: Three major categories of animal models, genetic, dietary, and combination models, were reviewed and discussed. CONCLUSIONS: Animal models are not only useful in revealing the etiology of NASH, but also are important platforms for the assessment of therapeutic strategies. Currently available models do not reflect the full picture of NASH in patients. Better animal models are needed for a full understanding of human NASH and the development of efficient therapies for this condition. (Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int 2009; 8:233-240)

关键词： non-alcoholic fatty liver disease non-alcoholic steatohepatitis animal models

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Clinical features of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease-associated hepatocellular carcinoma

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2012年第1期11卷 18-27页

作者： Xiao-Yan Duan, Liang qiao and Jian-Gao Fan Department of Gastroenterology, xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China Storr Liver Unit at the Westmead Millennium Institute, the University of Sydney at Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia Department of Gastroenterology Xinhua Hospital Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine Shanghai 200092 China Storr Liver Unit at the Westmead Millennium Institute the University of Sydney at Westmead Hospital Westmead NSW 2145 Australia

BACKGROUND: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), especially nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, is a recognized risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, detailed analysis of the clinical features in patients with NAFLD and their association with HCC is lacking. This study aimed to update the clinical features of patients with NAFLD-associated HCC. DATA SOURCES: The clinical data of patients with NAFLD- associated HCC from 25 studies published between 1990 and 2010 in the Pubmed database were comprehensively reviewed. RESULTS: In a total of 169 patients with NAFLD-associated HCC, 72.8% were male. The median age at abnormal liver function tests and diagnosis of NAFLD and HCC was 60, 64 and 67 years, respectively. Most patients were obese (75%) and diabetic (59.8%), 32.3% had dyslipidemia, and 53% had hypertension. Nearly all patients (98.6%, 71/72) were complicated with at least one metabolic disorder. The majority (76%) of the HCC patients had a solitary tumor nodule, with the tumor size ranging from 0.8 to 20 cm in diameter (mean 3.4 cm). Most (61.1%) of the patients had moderately-differentiated HCC. In 40.2% of the patients, HCC occurred in the absence of cirrhosis. Among 130 patients, 57.7% underwent hepatectomy and 14.6% received liver transplantation. The mean follow-up of the treated patients for 25 months showed that 32.4% (24/74) died and 18.8% (9/48) had recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with NAFLD-associated HCC are usually accompanied with metabolic disorders. Regular surveillance in patients with NAFLD for HCC is necessary, especially for elderly men with metabolic syndrome.

关键词： obesity diabetes mellitus dyslipidemia nonalcoholic fatty liver disease nonalcoholic steatohepatitis hepatocellular carcinoma

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美国加强关岛军力让太平洋不太平

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中国军队（中英文版） 2023年第1期 110-112页

作者：高乔 xinhua(图) 不详

近日,美国海军陆战队正式启用在关岛的布莱兹营海军陆战队基地。该基地占地4000英亩,能够容纳5000名海军陆战队员。这是美国海军陆战队近70年来首次启用新基地。美军此举再次搅动亚太安全局势,让太平洋变得更不太平了。关岛位于西太平... 详细信息

近日,美国海军陆战队正式启用在关岛的布莱兹营海军陆战队基地。该基地占地4000英亩,能够容纳5000名海军陆战队员。这是美国海军陆战队近70年来首次启用新基地。美军此举再次搅动亚太安全局势,让太平洋变得更不太平了。关岛位于西太平洋马里亚纳群岛最南端,面积约为550平方公里,是美国最重要的海外属地之一。

关键词：美国海军陆战队马里亚纳群岛海军陆战队员西太平洋布莱兹军力关岛

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日本随美起舞欲走军事扩张老路

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中国军队（中英文版） 2022年第5期 110-112页

作者：高乔 xinhua(图) 不详

近日,美国驻日本大使拉姆·伊曼纽尔在日本发表了一番“秀亲密”演讲。据日媒报道,伊曼纽尔发表题为“我们联盟的未来”的演讲,鼓吹美日同盟从“盟友保护时代”进入所谓“向印太地区同盟投射的时代”,并称“美日两国战略愿景从未像现在... 详细信息

近日,美国驻日本大使拉姆·伊曼纽尔在日本发表了一番“秀亲密”演讲。据日媒报道,伊曼纽尔发表题为“我们联盟的未来”的演讲,鼓吹美日同盟从“盟友保护时代”进入所谓“向印太地区同盟投射的时代”,并称“美日两国战略愿景从未像现在这样契合”。

关键词：军事扩张伊曼纽尔美日同盟演讲美日两国日本战略愿景

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Effects of Different Nitrogen Applications on Soil Physical, Chemical Properties and Yield in Maize (<i>Zea mays</i>L.)

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Agricultural Sciences 2014年第14期5卷 1440-1447页

作者： Heng Zhong qiao Wang xinhua Zhao Qi Du Yue Zhao Xiaoguang Wang Chunji Jiang Shuli Zhao Minjian Cao Haiqiu Yu Dawei Wang College of Agronomy Shenyang Agricultural University Shenyang China Corn Research Institute Liaoning Academy of Agriculture Science Shenyang China

Application of nitrogen (N) fertilizer is one of the most important approaches on improving maize grain yield. However, as is known to all, overuse N fertilizer not only leads to decline of N use efficiency and maize yield, but also leads to potential risk to environment pollution. This experiment was conducted to determine the effects of N fertilizer applications with nine different treatments on soil physical-chemical characters and maize grain yield using hybrid variety Zhengdan 958 in 2011 and 2012. Results indicated that the soil bulk densities of T2 (CK) and T1 were the lowest compared to other treatments in 2011 and 2012, respectively, whereas the soil bulk density of T5 in 2011 and T3 in 2012 were higher than other treatments. The soil porosity and field capacity of T5 in 2011 and T3 in 2012 were lower than other treatments, but those of CK in 2011 and T1 in 2012 were higher than other treatments. The pH values of T3 to T7 were lower than other treatments. These results indicated that the soil bulk densities were increased, whereas the soil porosity, field capacity and values pH were decreased by N application at different stages. N application could increase the N contents of leaf and stem, whereas less or excess N application should not significant improve maize yield. Although the soil organic matter and total N contents of T3 were the highest in both 2011 and 2012, the yield of T4 is the highest in both 2011 and 2012. The application amount, period and times of N fertilizer were important to maize yield.

关键词： Maize N Fertilizer Application Yield Soil Physical and Chemical Properties N Content

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Analysis of Preoperative Factors Influencing Hypoglossal-facial ‘Side’-to-side Neurorrhaphy for Facial Paralysis after Excision of Acoustic Neuroma

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2020年第1期33卷 30-36页

作者： SU Di Ya WAN Hong LI De Zhi qiao Hui SCHUMACHER Michael LIU Song Beijing Neurosurgical Institute and Beijing Key Laboratory of Central Nervous System Injury Capital Medical UniversityBeijing 100070China Dalian University Affiliated xinhua Hospital Dalian 116000LiaoningChina Department of Neurosurgery and China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases Beijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100070China U 1195 INSERM and University Paris-Sud and University Paris Saclay94276 Le Kremlin-BicêtreFrance

Objective Hypoglossal nerve-facial nerve‘side’-to-side neurorrhaphy is a new method for the treatment of potential incomplete facial paralysis after acoustic ***,there are differences in postoperative outcomes among *** study analysed preoperative factors that may influence the treatment outcomes of *** We performed a retrospective study of 53 patients who were treated by neurorrhaphy for facial paralysis after acoustic neuroma *** a one-year follow-up period,the patients were divided into two groups according to facial functional outcome:better recovery or ordinary *** analysed the following factors:gender,age,tumour size,and characteristics,tumour adhesion to the facial nerve,the duration of facial paralysis(DFP)and F wave appearance prior to neurorrhaphy(F wave).Results Univariate analysis showed significant differences between the two groups in DFP(P=0.0002),tumour adhesion to the facial nerve(P=0.0079)and F waves(P=0.0048).Logistic regression analysis of these factors also showed statistical significance with P values of 0.042 for the DFP,0.043 for F waves,and 0.031 for tumour adhesion to the facial *** Tumour adhesion to the facial nerve,F waves appearance and DFP prior to neurorrhaphy are the predominant factors that influence treatment outcomes.

关键词： Facial nerve injury Nerve regeneration Preoperative factors analysis

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高衍射效率低偏振灵敏度全反射浸没光栅的设计

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光学学报 2023年第22期43卷 72-79页

作者：陈慧盈陈新华潘俏朱嘉诚沈为民苏州大学光电科学与工程学院江苏苏州215006 江苏省先进光学制造技术重点实验室江苏苏州215006 教育部现代光学技术重点实验室江苏苏州215006

浸没光栅是星载温室气体监测成像光谱仪光学系统中的核心分光元件,能够实现更高的光谱分辨率和更紧凑的结构尺寸。推导了浸没光栅的色散率公式,并对比了采用浸没光栅和普通平面光栅时的光谱分辨率。针对温室气体O2-A带的探测需求,利用... 详细信息

浸没光栅是星载温室气体监测成像光谱仪光学系统中的核心分光元件,能够实现更高的光谱分辨率和更紧凑的结构尺寸。推导了浸没光栅的色散率公式,并对比了采用浸没光栅和普通平面光栅时的光谱分辨率。针对温室气体O2-A带的探测需求,利用有限元计算方法开展了浸没光栅槽形结构的优化设计,得到了兼有高衍射效率和低偏振灵敏度的全反射型浸没光栅槽形参数,并分析了光栅结构参数和等效介质层的制造公差。设计结果表明,在750~770 nm波段范围内,该浸没光栅-1级平均衍射效率高于92%,偏振灵敏度低于1%。

关键词：衍射光栅浸没光栅全反射等效介质层衍射效率偏振灵敏度

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