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克罗恩病患者使用低聚果糖的临床、微生物学和免疫学效果

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（胃肠病学分册） 2006年第8期2卷 36-36页

作者： Lindsay J.O. whelan k. Stagg A.J. 程妍 Barts and the London NHS Trust Royal London Hospital London E1 1BB United Kingdom Dr.

Back.round and aims: The intestinal microbiota play a pivotal role in the inflammation associated with Crohn’s disease through their interaction with the mucosal immune system. Some bifidobacteria species are immunoregulatory and induce increased dendritic cell interleuk.n 10 (IL- 10) release in vitro. Fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) increase faecal and mucosal bifidobacteria in healthy volunteers. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of FOS administration on disease activity, bifidobacteria concentrations, and mucosal dendritic cell function in patients with moderately active Crohn’s disease. Patients and methods: Ten patients with active ileocolonic Crohn’s disease received 15 g of FOS for three week.. Disease activity was measured using the Harvey Bradshaw index. Faecal and mucosal bifidobacteria were quantified by fluorescence in situ hybridisation, and mucosal dendritic cell IL- 10 and Toll-lik. receptor (TLR) expression were assessed by flow cytometry of dissociated rectal biopsies. Results: FOS induced a significant reduction in the Harvey Bradshaw index from 9.8 (SD 3.1) to 0.9 (3.4) (p < 0.01). There was a significant increase in faecal bifidobacteria concentration from 8.8 (0.9) log10 to 9.4 (0.9)- log10 cells/g dry faeces (p < 0.001). The percentage of IL- 10 positive dendritic cells increased from 30 (12)% to 53 (10)% (p = 0.06). Finally, the percentage of dendritic cells expressing TLR2 and TLR4 increased from 1.7 (1.7)% to 36.8 (15.9)% (p = 0.08) and from 3.6 (3.6)% to 75.4 (3.4)% (p < 0.001), respectively. Conclusions: FOS supplementation increases faecal bifidobacteria concentrations and modifies mucosal dendritic cell function. This novel therapeutic strategy appears to decrease Crohn’s disease activity in a small open label trial and therefore warrants further investigation.

关键词：结肠克罗恩病低聚果糖免疫学效果患者微生物学黏膜免疫系统树突状细胞 Toll样受体流式细胞仪分析疾病活动度

Overexpression of OsPAP10a, A Root-Associated Acid Phosphatase, Increased Extracellular Organic Phosphorus Utilization in Rice

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2012年第9期54卷 631-639页

作者： Jingluan Tian Chuang Wang Qian Zhang Xiaowei He James whelan Huixia Shou State k.y Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry College of Life SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China joint Research Laboratory in Genomics and Nutriomics College of Life SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China present address:Guangdong Academy of Forestry Guangzhou 510520China Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology University of Western AustraliaCrawley 6009WAAustralia

Phosphorus （P） deficiency is a major limitation for plant growth and development. Among the wide set of responses to cope with low soil P, plants increase their level of intracellular and secreted acid phosphatases （APases）, which helps to catalyze inorganic phosphate （Pi） hydrolysis from organophosphates, in this study we characterized the rice （Oryza sativa） purple acid phosphatase 10a （OsPAPIOa）. OsPAPIOa belongs to group la of purple acid phosphatases （PAPs）, and clusters with the principal secreted PAPs in a variety of plant species including Arabidopsis. The transcript abundance of OsPAPIOa is specifically induced by Pi deficiency and is controlled by OsPHR2, the central transcription factor controlling Pi homeostasis. In gel activity assays of root and shoot protein extracts, it was revealed that OsPAPIOa is a major acid phosphatase isoform induced by Pi starvation. Constitutive overexpression of OsPAPIOa results in a significant increase of phosphatase activity in both shoot and root protein extracts. In vivo root 5-bromo.4-chloro-3-indolyl-phosphate （BCIP） assays and activity measurements on external media showed that OsPAPIOa is a root-associated APase. Furthermore, overexpression of OsPAPIOa significantly improved ATP hydrolysis and utilization compared with wild type plants. These results indicate that OsPAPIOa can potentially be used for crop breeding to improve the efficiency of P use.

关键词： Purple acid phosphatase phosphate rice OsPAPIOa root-associated APase.

Emerging contaminants in biosolids:Presence,fate and analytical techniques

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Emerging Contaminants 2022年第1期8卷 162-194页

作者： Ravinder k.mar Arun k.Vuppaladadiyam Elsa Antunes Anna whelan Rob Fearon Madoc Sheehan Louise Reeves College of Science&Engineering James Cook UniversityTownsvilleQLD4811Australia Townsville City Council Wastewater OperationsTownsvilleQLD4810Australia Queensland Water Directorate BrisbaneQLD4009Australia

Emerging contaminants(ECs)represent a small fraction of the large chemical pollution puzzle where a wide variety of potentially hazardous chemicals reach the environment,and new compounds are continuously synthesized and released in wastewater treatment plants and ultimately in effluent and *** have been classified into various categories;however,this article focuses on the fate of major categories,namely pharmaceutical and personal care products(PPCPs),per-and poly-fluoroalk.l substances(PFAS),flame retardants,surfactants,endocrine-disrupting chemicals(EDCs),and microplastics(MPs).These ECs when discharged to sewer and downstream wastewater treatment plants can undergo further transformations and either degrade,persist or convert into by-products which have the potential in some cases to be more *** of potential dangerous impacts of the availability of these contaminants in the environment,information on the fate and behavior of these pollutants is highly important to develop new strategies,such as the regulation of chemicals imported into Australia and Australian consumer goods and environmental policies to mitigate them in a sustainable ***,advanced technologies are required for the detection and identification of novel contaminants emerging in the environment at ultra low *** application of chromatographic techniques coupled with mass spectroscopy has provided attractive break.hroughs to detect new emerging ***,it is crucially important to understand the sensitivity and robustness of these analytical techniques when dealing with complex matrices such as *** addition,most of the literature was focused on selected compounds or a family of compounds and the existing reviews have paid less attention to examine the formation of metabolites during the wastewater treatment process and their impacts on the *** review presents an overview of the presence of different classes of ECs around the wo

关键词： Biosolids Endocrine-disrupting chemicals Emerging contaminants Flame retardants Microplastics Per-and poly-fluoroalk.l substances Pharmaceutical and personal care products

Dietary supplementation of sulfur amino acids improves intestinal immunity to Eimeria in broilers treated with anti-interleuk.n-10 antibody

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Animal Nutrition 2022年第3期10卷 382-389页

作者： Zhouzheng Ren Jiak.n Yan Rose whelan Xujie Liao Daniel E.Bütz Maria k.Arendt Mark.E.Cook.Xiaojun Yang Thomas D.Crenshaw College of Animal Science and Technology Northwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxiChina Department of Animal Sciences University of WisconsinMadisonWIUSA Evonik.Operations GmbH Hanau-WolfgangGermany

Oral antibody to interleuk.n-10(anti-IL-10)enhances the intestinal immune defense against *** sulfur amino acids methionine and cysteine(MtC)play essential roles in inducing and maintaining protective immune responses during intestinal ***,increased dietary MtC may support the anti-IL-10-induced intestinal immunity to ***(n=640)were arranged in a 2×2×2 factorial design with 2 levels of each of the 3 main factors:dietary standardized ileal digestible(SID)MtC levels(0.6%or 0.8%),dietary anti-IL-10 supplementation(with or without),and coccidiosis challenge(control or challenge).Briefly,the broilers were supplied with either 0.6%or 0.8%SID MtC,each with or without anti-IL-10(300 mg/k.),from d 10 to *** d 14,broilers from each diet were gavaged with either PBS or *** resulting Eimeria infection induced fecal oocyst shedding and intestinal *** fed 0.8%SID MtC(main effects,P≤0.05)had decreased feed-to-gain ratio,increased duodenum and cecum luminal anti-Eimeria IgA titers,and decreased fecal oocyst counts,when compared to 0.6%SID *** supplementation of anti-IL-10(main effects,P≤0.05)increased cecum luminal total IgA concentration and decreased cecum ***(P≤0.05)were detected for growth performance and cecum luminal IFN-γ.Briefly,the highest body weight gain and feed intak. were reached in PBS-gavaged broilers fed 0.8%SID MtC with no anti-IL-10 and in Eimeria-challenged broilers fed 0.8%SID MtC with *** Eimeria-infected broilers,anti-IL-10 increased intestinal luminal IFN-γ and body weight gain only at 0.8%SID ***,anti-IL-10 increased intestinal luminal IFN-γ levels,decreased cecum lesions and restored growth only when fed with adequate amounts of sulfur amino *** findings underscore the importance of providing sufficient essential nutrients to support the anti-IL-10 induced immunity against coccidiosis.

关键词： Chick.n Coccidiosis Egg yolk.antibody Interleuk.n-10 Sulfur amino acid

Defining the Mitochondrial Stress Response in Arabidopsis thaliana

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Molecular Plant 2009年第6期2卷 1310-1324页

作者： Olivier Van Ak.n Botao Zhang Chris Carrie Vindya Uggalla Ellen Paynter Estelle Giraud James whelan ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology MCS Building M316 University of Western Australia 35 Stirling Highway Crawley 6009 Western AustraliaAustralia

To obtain a global overview of how mitochondria respond to stress, we aimed to define the plant mitochondrial stress response （MSR）. By combining a set of 1196 Arabidopsis thaliana genes that putatively encode mitochondrial proteins with 16 microarray experiments on stress-related conditions, 45 nuclear encoded genes were defined as widely stress-responsive. Using green fluorescent protein （GFP） fusion assays, the mitochondrial targeting of a large number of these proteins was tested, confirming in total 26 proteins as mitochondrially targeted. Several of these proteins were observed to be dual targeted to mitochondria and plastids, including the small heat shock.proteins sHSP23.5 and sHSP23.6. In addition to the well defined stress components of mitochondria, such as alternative oxidases, nicotinamide adenine dinudeotide （NAD（P）H） dehydrogenases, and heat shock.proteins, a variety of other proteins, many with unk.own function, were identified. The mitochondrial carrier protein family was over-represented in the stress-responsive genes, suggesting that stress induces altered needs for metabolite transport across the mitochondrial inner membrane. Although the genes encoding many of these proteins contain common cis-acting regulatory elements, it was apparent that a number of distinct regulatory processes or signals lik.ly triggered the MSR. Therefore, these genes provide new model systems to study mitochondrial retrograde regulation, in addition to the widely used alternative oxidase model. Additionally, as changes in proteins responsive to stress did not correlate well with changes at a transcript level, it suggests that post-transcriptional mechanisms also play an important role in defining the MSR.

关键词： Mitochondrial Stress Response (MSR) Arabidopsis thaliana

Dietary Bacillus *** growth and disease resistance of weaned pigs by modulating intestinal microbiota and systemic immunity

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2021年第2期12卷 579-597页

作者： Yijie He Cynthia Jinno k.angwook.k.m Zhaohai Wu Bie Tan Xunde Li Rose whelan Yanhong Liu Department of Animal Science University of CaliforniaDavisCA 95616USA Institute of Animal Science Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100193China k.y Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region Institute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesChangsha 410125China School of Veterinary Medicine University of CaliforniaDavisCA 95616USA Evonik.Nutrition&Care GmbH 63457 Hanau-WolfgangGermany

Back.round:Previous research has shown that dietary supplementation of Bacillus *** exerts beneficial effects on animals’***,limited studies have evaluated the efficacy of Bacillus *** weaned pigs and their effects on host gut health and microbiome,and systemic immunity using a disease challenge *** objective of this experiment was to investigate the effects of two Bacillus ***(Bacillus subtilis DSM 32540 and Bacillus pumilus DSM 32539)on growth performance,diarrhea,intestinal health,microbiome,and systemic immunity of weaned pigs experimentally infected with an enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli(ETEC).Results:Pigs in PRO1(Bacillus subtilis DSM 32540)had greater(P<0.05)body weight on d 7 and 14 PI,greater(P<0.05)ADG from d 0 to 7 and d 7 to 14 PI,compared with pigs in CON(Control).Pigs in PRO1 had milder(P<0.05)diarrhea on d 2 and 3 PI compared with pigs in ***,no differences were observed in growth performance and diarrhea score between PRO2(Bacillus pumilus DSM 32539)and CON *** of PRO1 decreased(P<0.05)lymphocyte counts on d 7 and 14 PI,compared with *** of PRO1 and PRO2 both reduced(P<0.05)total coliforms in mesenteric lymph nodes on d 21 *** in PRO2 had greater(P<0.05)goblet cell number and sulfomucin percentage in duodenal villi and greater(P<0.05)sialomucin percentage in jejunal villi than pigs in *** of PRO1 up-regulated(P<0.05)MUC2 gene expression in jejunal mucosa and reduced(P<0.05)PTGS-2 and IL1B gene expression in ileal mucosa on d 21 PI,compared with *** in PRO1 had reduced(P<0.05)relative abundance of families Lachnospiraceae,Peptostreptococcaceae and Pasteurellaceae in the ***:Supplementation of Bacillus subtilis DSM 32540 improved growth performance,alleviated diarrhea severity,enhanced gut health,and reduced systemic inflammation of weaned pigs infected with ETEC *** Bacillus pumilus DSM 32539 was able to alleviate systemi

关键词： Bacillus spp. Diarrhea Escherichia coli Gut health Weaned pigs

scCloudMine:A cloud-based app for visualization,comparison,and exploration of single-cell transcriptomic data

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Plant Communications 2022年第4期3卷 14-24页

作者： Mathew G.Lewsey Changyu Yi Oliver Berk.witz Felipe Ayora Maurice Bernado James whelan La Trobe Institute for Agriculture and Food La Trobe UniversityAgriBio BuildingBundooraVIC 3086Australia Australian Research Council Research Hub for Medicinal Agriculture La Trobe UniversityAgriBio BuildingBundooraVIC 3086Australia BizData Level 9/278Collins StreetMelbourneVIC 3000Australia Department of Animal Plant and Soil SciencesSchool of Life ScienceLa Trobe UniversityBundooraVIC 3086Australia Research and Advanced Computing BizDataLevel 312-6Gilmer TerraceWellington6011New Zealand

scCloudMine is a cloud-based application for visualization,comparison,and exploration of single-cell transcriptome *** does not require an on-site,high-power computing server,installation,or associated expertise and *** upload their own or publicly available scRNA-seq datasets after preprocessing for visualization using a web *** data can be viewed in two color modes—Cluster,representing cell identity,and Values,showing levels of expression—and data can be queried using k.ywords or gene identification number(s).Using the app to compare studies,we determined that some genes frequently used as cell-type mark.rs are in fact study *** apparent cell-specific expression of PHO1;H3 differed between GFP-tagging and scRNA-seq *** phosphate transporter genes were induced by protoplasting,but they retained cell specificity,suggesting that cell-specific responses to stress(i.e.,protoplasting)can *** of the cell specificity of hormone response genes revealed that 132 hormone-responsive genes display restricted expression and that the jasmonate response gene TIFY8 is expressed in endodermal cells,in contrast to previous *** also appears that JAZ repressors have cell-type-specific *** features identified using scCloudMine highlight the need for resources to enable biological researchers to compare their datasets of interest under a variety of *** enables researchers to form new hypotheses and perform comparative studies and allows for the easy re-use of data from this emerging technology by a wide variety of users who may not have access or funding for high-performance on-site computing and support.

关键词： single cell RNA sequencing visualization discovery comparison

Plasma MMP-2 and MMP-7 levels are elevated first month after surgery and may promote growth of residual metastases

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2021年第8期13卷 879-892页

作者： HMC Shantha k.mara Hiromichi Miyagak. Sajith A Herath Erica Pettk. Xiaohong Yan Vesna Cek.c Richard L whelan Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery Department of SurgeryLenox Hill HospitalNorthwell HealthNew YorkNY 10028United States Department of Gastroenterological Surgery Osaka UniversitySuita 565-0862OsakaJapan Analytic Department NovartisMorris PlainsNJ 07905United States Department of Surgery Swedish Medical CenterSeattleWA 98122United States Department of Surgery Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/NorthwellHempsteadNY 11549United States

BACk.ROUND MMP-2 also k.own as gelatinase A and MMP-7(matrilysin)are members of the zinc-dependent family of MMPs(Matrix metalloproteinase).MMP-2 and MMP-7 are remodeling enzymes that digest extracellular matrix;MMP-2 is extensively expressed during development and is upregulated at sites of tissue damage,inflammation,and in stromal cells of metastatic ***-7 is expressed in the epithelial cells and in a variety of cancers including colon *** MMP-2 and MMP-7 levels were assessed before and after minimally invasive colorectal resection for cancer *** To determine plasma MMP-2 and MMP-7 levels before and after minimally invasive colorectal resection for cancer *** Patients enrolled in a plasma bank.for whom plasma was available were *** obtained from preoperative(Preop)and postoperative blood samples was *** colorectal cancer(CRC)patients who underwent elective minimally invasive cancer resection with preop,post-operative day(POD)1,3 and at least 1 late postop sample(POD 7-34)were *** samples were bundled into 7 d block.(POD 7-13,14-20,etc.)and treated as single time *** MMP-2 and MMP-7 levels were determined via enzyme-link.d immunosorbent assay in *** Total 88 minimally invasive CRC resection CRC patients were studied(right colectomy,37%;sigmoid,24%;and LAR/AR 18%).Cancer stages were:1,31%;2,30%;3,34%;and 4,5%.Mean Preop MMP-2 plasma level(ng/mL)was 179.3±40.9(n=88).Elevated mean levels were noted on POD1(214.3±51.2,n=87,P<0.001),POD3(258.0±63.9,n=80,P<0.001),POD7-13(229.9±62.3,n=65,P<0.001),POD 14-20(234.9±47.5,n=25,P<0.001),POD 21-27(237.0±63.5,n=17,P<0.001,)and POD 28-34(255.4±59.7,n=15,P<0.001).Mean Preop MMP-7 level was 3.9±1.9(n=88).No significant differences were noted on POD 1 or 3,however,significantly elevated levels were noted on POD 7-13(5.7±2.5,n=65,P<0.001),POD 14-20(5.9±2.5,n=25,P<0.001),POD 21-27(6.1±3.6,n=17,P=0.002)and on POD 28-34(6.8±3.3,n=15 P<0.001,)vs p

关键词： Effects of surgery Colorectal resection Colorectal cancer Plasma MMP-2 and MMP-7 levels Angiogenesis

The European Union Reference Laboratory for Alternatives to Animal Testing

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The European Union Reference Laboratory for Alternatives to ...