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Impact of sympatric carnivores on den selection of wild giant pandas

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Zoological Research 2020年第3期41卷 273-280页

作者： Xin-Lei Lai wen-liang zhou Hua-Lei Gao Meng Wang Kai Gao Bao-Wei Zhang Fu-wen Wei Yong-Gang Nie School of Life Sciences Anhui UniversityHefeiAnhui 230601China Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering College of Life SciencesBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics Chinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650223China

Interspecific killing is a primary reason for the low survival rates of some animal species. The giant panda(Ailuropoda melanoleuca) is an altricial eutherian mammal and thus, in comparison to other infants, panda cubs are highly vulnerable, which may significantly influence the selection of breeding sites by females. Here, we used infrared camera traps to monitor giant panda dens for 5.5 years in Foping National Nature Reserve(FNNR) to determine how interspecific factors affect den selection by wild female pandas. Results indicated that Asian black bears(Ursus thibetanus), yellow-throated martens(Martes flavigula), leopard cats(Prionailurus bengalensis), and masked palm civets(Paguma larvata) visited the dens frequently, and the presence of these species negatively influenced den selection by female pandas. Interestingly, the presence of rodents and terrestrial birds appeared to indicate den safety, and female giant pandas were not averse and even preferred dens with a high abundance index of rodents and terrestrial birds. The den suitability index(DSI) was a reliable tool for evaluating whether dens were suitable for female giant pandas to give birth to and rear cubs, with preference for dens with high DSI values. This study increases our understanding of the den selection criteria of female giant pandas and the main threats to the survival of their cubs,thus providing important guidance for the conservation and management of this species.

关键词： Ailuropoda melanoleuca Interspecific interference competition Dens Den suitability index

Stable seasonal migration patterns in giant pandas

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Zoological Research 2023年第2期44卷 341-348页

作者： Meng Wang Yong-Gang Nie Ronald R.Swaisgood Wei Wei wen-liang zhou Ze-Jun Zhang Gui-Ming Wang Fu-wen Wei Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Giant Panda Research San Diego Zoo Institute for Conservation ResearchEscondidoCalifornia 92027USA Department of Wildlife Fisheries and AquacultureMississippi State UniversityMississippi 39762USA

A critical function of animal movement is to maximize access to essential resources in temporally fluctuating and spatially heterogeneous *** mediated resource fluctuations may influence animal movements,enabling them to track changing resource distributions,resulting in annual migration *** conservation-dependent giant panda(Ailuropoda melanoleuca) displays seasonal movement patterns;however,the key factor driving these seasonal migration patterns remains poorly ***,we used GPS tracking collars to monitor the movements of six giant pandas over a 12-year period across different elevations,and performed statistical analysis of seasonal migration directions,routes,habitat revisitation,home range overlap,first arrival events,and *** results revealed a compelling pattern of seasonal migrations that facilitated the ability of the pandas to forage at the appropriate time and place to maximize nutritional *** results indicated that pandas utilize spatial memory to locate reliable food resources,as evidenced by their annual return to the same or similar winter and summer home ranges and the consistently maintained percentage of home range *** novel insights into giant panda foraging and movement ecology not only enhance our understanding of its ability to adapt to nutritionally poor dietary resources but also provide important information for the development of resource utilization-based protection and management strategies.

关键词： Giant panda Seasonal migration Home range Foraging ecology Spatial memory

The effect of the degree of left renal vein constriction on the development of adolescent varicocele in Sprague-Dawley rats

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2016年第3期18卷 471-474,I0011页

作者： Bing Yao wen-liang zhou Da-Yu Han Bin Ouyan Xu Chen Sheng-Fu Chen Chun-Hua Deng Xiang-zhou Sun Department of Urology The First Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou China Department of Urology The Sixth Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-SenUniversity Guangzhou China School of Life Sciences Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou China Department of Urology Guangzhou First People's HospitalGuangzhou China Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Sun Yat-Sen Memorial-Hospital Sun YatSen University Guangzhou China.

Experimental models have allowed inquiry into the pathophysiology of varicocele （VC） beyond that possible with human patients. A randomized controlled study in rats was designed to clarify the influence of the degree of left renal vein constriction on the development of adolescent VC. Fifty adolescent male Sprague-Dawley rats （Rattus norvegicus） were randomly assigned to five groups of 10： the experimental groups （I-IV） underwent partial ligation of left renal veins with 0.5-, 0.6-, 0.7-, and 0.8-mm diameter needles, respectively. The control group （V） underwent a sham operation. The diameter of the left spermatic vein （LSV） was measured at baseline and 30 days postoperatively. In addition, the lesion of the left kidney was examined with the naked eye and assessed by Masson＇s trichrome staining. VC was successfully induced in 2 （20%）, 4 （40%）, 7 （70%）, and 10 （100%） rats in groups I-IV, respectively. The other rats failed to develop VCs primarily due to left renal atrophy. No VC was observed in group V. The postsurgical LSV diameters in VC rats in groups III and IV were 1.54 ± 0. 16 and 1.49 ± 0.13 mm, respectively （P〉 0.05）, and their increments were 1.36±0. 10 and 1.31±0. 10 ram, respectively （P 〉 0.05）. These results suggest that suitable constriction of the left renal vein is critical for adolescent VC development. In addition, the 0.8-mm diameter needle may be more suitable for inducing left renal vein constriction in adolescent rat models.

关键词： adolescent kidney left renal vein constriction left spermatic vein Sprague-Dawley rat varicocele

SARS-CoV-2 envelope protein impairs airway epithelial barrier function and exacerbates airway inflammation via increased intracellular Cl^(-)concentration

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第4期9卷 1745-1759页

作者： Jian-Bang Xu Wei-Jie Guan Yi-Lin Zhang Zhuo-Er Qiu Lei Chen Xiao-Chun Hou Junqing Yue Yu-Yun zhou Jie Sheng Lei Zhao Yun-Xin Zhu Jing Sun Jincun Zhao wen-liang zhou Nan-Shan Zhong State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory DiseaseNational Center for Respiratory MedicineDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care MedicineGuangzhou Institute of Respiratory HealthThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouP.R.China Department of Thoracic Surgery Guangzhou Institute for Respiratory HealthThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouP.R.China Guangzhou National Laboratory GuangzhouP.R.China School of Life Sciences Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouP.R.China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes School of Life SciencesSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouP.R.China Department of Physiology School of Basic Medical SciencesGuangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouP.R.China

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)infection disrupts the epithelial barrier and triggers airway *** envelope(E)protein,a core virulence structural component of coronaviruses,may play a role in this *** could interfere with transepithelial Cl^(-)transport via impairment of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator(CFTR),which modulates nuclear factor kB(NF-kB)***,the pathological effects of SARS-CoV-2 E protein on airway epithelial barrier function,Cl^(-)transport and the robust inflammatory response remain to be ***,we have demonstrated that E protein down-regulated the expression of tight junctional proteins,leading to the disruption of the airway epithelial *** addition,E protein triggered the activation of Toll-like receptor(TLR)2/4 and downstream c-Jun N-terminal kinase(JNK)signaling,resulting in an increased intracellular Cl^(-)concentration([Cl^(-)]_(i))via up-regulating phosphodiesterase 4D(PDE4D)expression in airway epithelial *** elevated[Cl^(-)]_(i);contributed to the heightened airway inflammation through promoting the phosphorylation of serum/glucocorticoid regulated kinase 1(SGK1).Moreover,blockade of SGK1 or PDE4 alleviated the robust inflammatory response induced by E ***,these findings provide novel insights into the pathogenic role of SARS-CoV-2 E protein in airway epithelial damage and the ongoing airway inflammation during SARS-CoV-2 infection.

关键词： airway inflammation elevated

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南海北部区域黏土循环动力特性试验研究

岩土力学 2018年第7期39卷 2413-2423页

作者：张炜李亚周松望蒋正波吴非梁文洲中海油研究总院北京100028 中海油田服务股份有限公司物探事业部天津300451

采用南海北部区域油田场址钻孔原状土样,开展黏土循环动力特性试验研究。结合共振柱与应变控制的循环单剪试验,获取动剪切模量和阻尼比随循环剪应变的变化规律,将最大动剪切模量与原位静力触探的计算结果进行对比。开展应力控制的循环... 详细信息

采用南海北部区域油田场址钻孔原状土样,开展黏土循环动力特性试验研究。结合共振柱与应变控制的循环单剪试验,获取动剪切模量和阻尼比随循环剪应变的变化规律,将最大动剪切模量与原位静力触探的计算结果进行对比。开展应力控制的循环单剪试验,采用对称加载方式获取土样动强度阈值,基于该阈值,通过单、双向加载方式获取土样动强度包络线,并将试验结果与Drammen黏土及世界范围内其余区域黏土进行对比。该研究初步获取了南海北部区域性黏土的循环特性及动力学参数,为南海北部区域油气田结构设计和地质风险评估提供基础资料,掌握了循环动力特性试验方法,为岩土工程动力学试验研究及数据分析提供技术参考。

关键词：南海北部黏土循环荷载动剪切模量阻尼比动强度

SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein triggers hyperinflammation via protein-protein interaction-mediated intracellular Cl^(−) accumulation in respiratory epithelium

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2022年第8期7卷 3080-3092页

作者： Lei Chen Wei-Jie Guan Zhuo-Er Qiu Jian-Bang Xu Xu Bai Xiao-Chun Hou Jing Sun Su Qu Ze-Xin Huang Tian-Lun Lei Zi-Yang Huang Jincun Zhao Yun-Xin Zhu Ke-Nan Ye Zhao-Rong Lun wen-liang zhou Nan-Shan Zhong Yi-Lin Zhang School of Life Sciences Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouChina State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory DiseaseGuangzhou Institute of Respiratory HealthThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina Department of Thoracic Surgery Guangzhou Institute for Respiratory HealthThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina Guangzhou Laboratory GuangzhouChina

SARS-CoV-2,the culprit pathogen of COVID-19,elicits prominent immune responses and cytokine *** Cl^(−)is a crucial regulator of host defense,whereas the role of Cl^(−)signaling pathway in modulating pulmonary inflammation associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection remains *** using human respiratory epithelial cell lines,primary cultured human airway epithelial cells,and murine models of viral structural protein stimulation and SARS-CoV-2 direct challenge,we demonstrated that SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid(N)protein could interact with Smad3,which downregulated cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator(CFTR)expression via *** intracellular Cl^(−)concentration([Cl^(−)]i)was raised,resulting in phosphorylation of serum glucocorticoid regulated kinase 1(SGK1)and robust inflammatory *** or knockout of SGK1 abrogated the N protein-elicited airway ***,N protein promoted a sustained elevation of[Cl^(−)]i by depleting intracellular cAMP via upregulation of phosphodiesterase 4(PDE4).Rolipram,a selective PDE4 inhibitor,countered airway inflammation by reducing[Cl^(−)]*** findings suggested that Cl^(−)acted as the crucial pathological second messenger mediating the inflammatory responses after SARS-CoV-2 *** the Cl^(−)signaling pathway might be a novel therapeutic strategy for COVID-19.

关键词： inflammation respiratory epithelium

Cancer in the parasitic protozoans Trypanosoma brucei and Toxoplasma gondii

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Cancer in the parasitic protozoans Trypanosoma brucei and To...

Studies on Elmination of Residual SO2 During Boiling Sulfur-fumigated Dioscoreae Rhizoma by Vinegar or Sour Medicinal Herbs

中国畜牧兽医学会兽医寄生虫学分会第十三次学术研讨会

作者： Zhao-Rong Lun De-Hua Lai Yan-Zi wen Ling-Ling Zheng Ji-Long Shen Ting-Bo Yang wen-liang zhou liang-Hu Qu Geoff Hide Francisco J.Ayala Center for Parasitic Organisms State Key Laboratory of BiocontrolSchool of Life SciencesSun Yat-Sen University Ecosystems and Environment and Biomedical Research Centres School of Environment and Life SciencesUniversity of Salford The Key Laboratories of Pathogen Biology and Zoonoses Anhui Province and Department of ParasitologyAnhui Medical University Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of California

Cancer is a general name for more than 100 malignant *** is postulated that all cancers start from a single abnormal cell that grows out of *** cancers can cause serious consequences and deaths.A great progress has been made in cancer research which significantly improved our knowledge to understand the nature and mechanisms of the disease,but the origins of cancer are far from being well understood due to limitations of suitable model systems and to the complexities of the *** view of the fact that the cancers are found in various species of vertebrates and other metazoa,here,we suggest that cancer also occurs in parasitic protozoans such as Trypanosoma brucei,a blood parasite,and Toxoplasma gondii,an obligate intracellular *** treatment,these protozoan cancers may cause severe disease and death in mammals including *** simpler genomes of these single cell organisms,in combination with their complex life cycles and fascinating life cycle differentiation processes,may help us to better understand the origins of cancers,in particular,leukemias.

关键词： Malignancy single cell organisms mammals evolution transmissible

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Studies on Elmination of Residual SO2 During Boiling Sulfur-...

PI3K/AKT signaling and neuroprotection in ischemic stroke:molecular mechanisms and therapeutic perspectives

第十四届全国中药和天然药物学术研讨会

作者： Yuzhong Zheng Yong Zhang Zhenxia Zhang Liling Xie wen-liang zhou Zhendan He Tina Tingxia Dong Karl Wahkeung Tsim Zhiyong Le Hui Cao Hanshan Normal University Sun Yat-sen University Kangmei Pharmaceutical Research Institute Co. Ltd Shantou University Shenzhen University The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology National Engineering Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences

Sulfur-fumigation that is used in TCM exhibits many advantages,including convenience,economy,high-efficiency,***,some sulfites can be remained in sulfur-fumigated TCM,which could damage human ***,there is no effective nethod to replace the sulfur-fumigation until ***,sulfur-fumigation is widely applied to TCMs,such as Dioscoreae Rhizoma,*** paper will reveal the dynamic;hanges of SO during boiling sulfur-fumigated Dioscoreae Rhizoma,and research the safety methods of eliminating residual sulfites in Dioscoreae *** showed that jnder the conventional cooking,residual sulfites in Dioscoreae Rhizoma could not be eliminated,and the eliminating rate of SO was only 1.95%,which mean the conventional soiling was difficult to eliminate residual sulfites in sulfur-fumigated Dioscoreae *** mL of hydrochloric acid(6 mol/L,pH = 0.48) was added in the decoction,then residual SO was completely eliminated in 30 min,which indicated pH was the key factor for emoving SO from *** results of acetic acid showed that 10 mL 20%acetic acid could completely remove SO.5 mL of vinegar in decoction(pH = 3.15) or 10 mL of vinegar n decoction(pH = 2.91) could eliminate SO to 75.97%and 87.66%,*** llustrated the effect of acetic acid and vinegar was very significant,but less than lydrochloric *** sour herbs(including Crataegi Fructus,Ziziphi Spinosae Semen,dry lemon) were tested,the eliminating rate of SO were 20.78%,14.29%and 61.30%,*** illustrated some sour herbs could be useful for removing SO from sulfur-fumigated Dioscoreae Rhizoma,and effect of dry lemon was ***,he paper provides effective methods:adding a small amount of vinegar or dry lemon can effectively eliminate SO in sulfur-fumigated Dioscoreae Rhizoma.

关键词： Dioscoreae Rhizoma Sulfur-fumigation Sulfur dioxide Eliminating rate vinegar sour medicinal herb

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第10期20卷 2758-2775页

作者： Tianlong Liu Xiaolin Li Xiaowei zhou Wei Chen Aidong wen Minna Liu Yi Ding Department of Pharmacy Xijing HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi’anShaanxi ProvinceChina Department of Pharmacy The 940 Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Forces of Chinese PLALanzhouGansu ProvinceChina Department of Pharmacy The 944 Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Forces of Chinese PLAJiuquanGansu ProvinceChina Department of Nephrology The 940 Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Forces of Chinese PLALanzhouGansu ProvinceChina

It has been reported that the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway plays a key role in the pathogenesis of ischemic *** a result,the development of drugs targeting the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway has attracted increasing attention from *** article reviews the pathological mechanisms and advancements in research related to the signaling pathways in ischemic stroke,with a focus on the PI3K/AKT signaling *** key findings include the following:(1)The complex pathological mechanisms of ischemic stroke can be categorized into five major types:excitatory amino acid toxicity,Ca^(2+)overload,inflammatory response,oxidative stress,and apoptosis.(2)The PI3K/AKT-mediated signaling pathway is closely associated with the occurrence and progression of ischemic stroke,which primarily involves the NF-κB,NRF2,BCL-2,mTOR,and endothelial NOS signaling pathways.(3)Natural products,including flavonoids,quinones,alkaloids,phenylpropanoids,phenols,terpenoids,and iridoids,show great potential as candidate substances for the development of innovative anti-stroke medications.(4)Recently,novel therapeutic techniques,such as electroacupuncture and mesenchymal stem cell therapy,have demonstrated the potential to improve stroke outcomes by activating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway,providing new possibilities for the treatment and rehabilitation of patients with ischemic *** investigations should focus on the direct regulatory mechanisms of drugs targeting the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and their clinical translation to develop innovative treatment strategies for ischemic stroke.

关键词： apoptosis autophagy inflammation ischemic stroke neuroprotection oxidative stress pathogenesis phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase protein kinase B therapeutics