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Alter fecal microbiota composition and relieve symptom in depression-like rats after treatment by inulin-type fructo-oligosaccharides in Morinda Officinalis

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Alter fecal microbiota composition and relieve symptom in de...

Mushroom polysaccharides and jiaogulan saponins exert cancer preventive effects by shaping the gut microbiota and the microenvironment in ApcMin/+ mice

2018年第十二届中国药物制剂大会

作者：池连娣 Zibei lin Guoxing Huang w.l.wendy hsiao Jiwen Zhang Ying Zheng State Key laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences University of Macau State Key laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine Macau University of Science and Technology Center for Drug Delivery System Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica Chinese Academy of Sciences

Inulin-type fructooligosaccharides（FOS） purified from Morinda officinalis,with degrees of polymerization（DP） from 3 to 9, has been approved as the prescribed oral drug by CFDA in 2012 with the indications for mild and moderate depressive episode, while the bioprocess of this FOS mixtures are largely unknown. This work aimed to illustrate this bioprocess related to gut microbiota and intestine construction. The depression-like rat model was built by chronic unpredictable mild stress（CUMS） procedure for seven weeks, then verified by open field test（OFT） and sucrose preference test（SPT）. Under the three weeks’ treatment period, the fecal sample were collected at day 0, 15 and 22, and further analyzed the microbiota DNA composition using ERIC-PCR method. Hematoxylin and eosin（H＆E） staining was applied to investigate the gut epithelial morphology. Results showed that, rats with depression-like behaviors presented low SPT value（＜50%, p＜0.01） and low total travel distance in OFT test（p＜0.01）. Conversely, SPT value was increased（＞65%, p＜0.05） after treatments with FOS, indicating recovering the pleasant sensation. Meanwhile, in partial least square data analysis（PlS-DA） plot, differential modulations of normal and depressive rat model were observed at 0-day microbiota composition. Furthermore, while compared the 22-day plot, there were greatly changed the microbiota composition after treatments（fluoxetine, FOS-DP5 and FOS mixture）. In other side, the colon mucosa, intestinal villus（height and integrity） were severe damaged in intestine of depressive rat model. It was the intestinal inflammatory and severe damage happened in depression-like rats. However, intestinal micro-architecture abnormalities were restored and reversed by FOS treatment. Inferior to FOS, fluoxetine aroused intestinal irritation（cell necrosis, exfoliation and deep staining） on parts of treated rats. On balance, depression-like rat model has significant influence in behavior, intestine structure and micro

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Mushroom polysaccharides and jiaogulan saponins exert cancer...

Highly enhanced UV absorption and light emission of monolayer wS_(2)through hybridization with Ti_(2)N MXene quantum dots and g-C_(3)N_(4)quantum dots

2019年海峡两岸暨港澳青年科学家毒理学学术交流会

作者： Imran Khan 黄国鑫 Xiao-ang li weilin liao wai Kit leong wenrui Xia Xiqing Bian Jianlin wu w.l.wendy hsiao State Key laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine Macau University of Science and Technology 澳门科技大学-中药质量研究国家重点实验室

The incidence of colorectal cancer(CRC) is alarming among younger *** no effective chemopreventive drug available in the market,researchers have been searching for alternative strategies against CRC that are in ***,we tested the cancer-preventive properties of Ganoderma lucidum(lingzhi) polysaccharides(GlP),along with the saponins extracted from Gynostemma pentaphyllum(GpS),an herbal tea with prebiotic-like ***,we report that saponins from Gynostemma pentaphyllum(GpS) and polysaccharides from Ganoderma lucidum(GlP together with GpS) profoundly improved the inflamed gut barrier of Apc mice by reducing polyps,shifting colonic M1 to M2 macrophages,positively reverting E-cadherin/N-cadherin ratio,and downregulating oncogenic signaling *** treatments also markedly promoted short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs)-producing bacteria and abridged sulfate-reducing bacteria in a time-dependent manner.G-protein coupled-receptors were significantly stimulated in the treated mice,accompanied by the modulated expressions of histone deacetylases,anti-cancer gut hormone PYY,and PPAPγ.These findings suggest that some of the herbal medicinal foods could modulate the relationship between the host and the GM to exert their beneficial properties to the *** study also implicates that these dietary mushroom polysaccharides and the Gp saponins have the potential to be developed as new preventive medicines against CRC.

关键词： Gut microbiota Saponins Polysaccharides SCFAs GPCRs ApcMin/+ mice

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Opto-Electronic Advances 2024年第6期7卷 31-39页

作者： Anir S.Sharbirin Rebekah E.Kong wendy B.Mato Trang Thu Tran Eunji lee Jolene w.P.Khor Afrizal l.Fadli Jeongyong Kim Department of Energy Science Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon 16419Republic of Korea

Two-dimensional(2D)transition metal dichalcogenides(TMD)are atomically thin semiconductors with promising optoelectronic applications across the visible ***,their intrinsically weak light absorption and the low photoluminescence quantum yield(PlQY)restrict their performance and potential use,especially in ultraviolet(UV)wavelength light *** dots(QD)derived from 2D materials(2D/QD)provide efficient light absorption and emission of which energy can be tuned for desirable light *** this study,we greatly enhanced the photon absorption and PlQY of monolayer(1l)tungsten disulfide(wS_(2))in the UV range via hybridization with 2D/QD,particularly titanium nitride MXene QD(Ti_(2)N MQD)and graphitic carbon nitride QD(GCNQD).with the hybridization of MQD or GCNQD,1lwS_(2)showed a maximum Pl enhancement by 15 times with 300 nm wavelength excitation,while no noticeable enhancement was observed when the excitation photon energy was less than the bandgap of the QD,indicating that UV absorption by the QD played a crucial role in enhancing the light emission of 1l-wS_(2)in our 0D/2D hybrid *** findings present a convenient method for enhancing the photo-response of 1l-wS_(2)to UV light and offer exciting possibilities for harvesting UV energy using 1l-TMD.

关键词： monolayer TMD wS_(2) 2D-derived quantum dots UV absorption energy transfer

The immune response to SARS-CoV-2 in people with HIV

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2024年第2期21卷 184-196页

作者： Maxine A.Höft wendy A.Burgers Catherine Riou Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine University of Cape TownCape TownSouth Africa Division of Medical Virology Department of PathologyUniversity of Cape TownCape TownSouth Africa wellcome Centre for Infectious Diseases Research in Africa University of Cape TownCape TownSouth Africa

This review examines the intersection of the HIV and SARS-CoV-2 *** with HIV(PwH)are a heterogeneous group that differ in their degree of immune suppression,immune reconstitution,and viral *** COVID-19 in those with wellcontrolled HIV infection poses no greater risk than that for HIV-uninfected individuals,people with advanced HIV disease are more vulnerable to poor COVID-19 ***-19 vaccines are effective and well tolerated in the majority of PwH,though reduced vaccine efficacy,breakthrough infections and faster waning of vaccine effectiveness have been demonstrated in *** is likely a result of suboptimal humoral and cellular immune responses after *** with advanced HIV may also experience prolonged infection that may give rise to new epidemiologically significant variants,but initiation or resumption of antiretroviral therapy(ART)can effectively clear persistent ***-19 vaccine guidelines reflect these increased risks and recommend prioritization for vaccination and additional booster doses for PwH who are moderately to severely *** recommend continued research and monitoring of PwH with SARS-CoV-2 infection,especially in areas with a high HIV burden.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 HIV Immune dysfunction Vaccine efficacy Prolonged infection Immunogenicity

Role of lysosomal trafficking regulator in autophagic lysosome reformation in neurons:a disease perspective

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第5期19卷 957-958页

作者： Prashant Sharma Jenny Serra-Vinardell wendy J.Introne May Christine V.Malicdan NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program Common FundOffice of the DirectorNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA Human Biochemical Genetics Section Medical Genetics BranchNational Human Genome Research InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA(Serra-Vinardell JIntrone)

lysosomes are discrete organelles that act as recycling centers for extracellular and intracellular materials,playing a pivotal role in maintaining cellular *** acidic environment,maintained by numerous hydrolytic enzymes,facilitates substrate *** in lysosomal processes can lead to abnormal substrate degradation,significantly impacting cellular *** energy-demanding cells,such as post-mitotic neurons,are especially vulnerable to these changes,often resulting in neurological ***,a conserved catabolic process,requires extensive lysosomal *** plays a key role in removing unnecessary intracellular components,ensuring cellular homeostasis,and promoting cell survival during stress conditions such as starvation,infection,or cellular damage.

关键词： homeostasis lysosomal removing

A review of public health guidelines for postpartum physical activity and sedentary behavior from around the world

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第4期13卷 472-483,F0003页

作者： Kelly R.Evenson wendy J.Brown Alison K.Brinson Emily Budzynski-Seymour Melanie Hayman Department of Epidemiology Gillings School of Global Public HealthUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599-8050USA Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine Bond UniversityGold CoastQLD 4226Australia School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4072Australia Department of Anthropology University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599-3115USA Carolina Population Center University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599-8120USA Faculty of Sport Health and Social SciencesSolent UniversitySouthamptonSO140YNUK Appleton Institute School of HealthMedical and Applied SciencesCentral Queensland UniversityRockhamptonQLD 4701Australia

Background:The period following pregnancy is a critical time window when future habits with respect to physical activity(PA) and sedentary behavior(SB) are established;therefore,it warrants *** purpose of this scoping review was to summarize public health-oriented country-specific postpartum PA and SB guidelines ***:To identity guidelines published since 2010,we performed a(a) systematic search of 4 databases(CINAHl,Global Health,PubMed,and SPORTDiscus),(b) structured repeatable web-based search separately for 194 countries,and(c) separate web-based *** the most recent guideline was included for each ***:we identified 22 countries with public health-oriented postpartum guidelines for PA and 11 countries with SB *** continents with guidelines included Europe(n=12),Asia(n=5),Oceania(n=2),Africa(n=1),North America(n=1),and South America(n=1).The most common benefits recorded for PA included weight control/management(n=10),reducing the risk of postpartum depression or depressive symptoms(n=9),and improving mood/well-being(n=8).Postpartum guidelines specified exercises to engage in,including pelvic floor exercises(n=17);muscle strengthening,weight training,or resistance exercises(n=13);aerobics/general aerobic activity(n=13);walking(n=11);cycling(n=9);and swimming(n=9).Eleven guidelines remarked on the interaction between PA and breastfeeding;several guidelines stated that PA did not impact breast milk quantity(n=7),breast milk quality(n=6),or infant growth(n=3).For SB,suggestions included limiting long-term sitting and interrupting sitting with ***:Country-specific postpartum guidelines for PA and SB can help promote healthy behaviors using a culturally appropriate context while providing specific guidance to public health practitioners.

关键词： Breastfeeding Caesarean section Guidelines Postnatal Recommendations

Efficient fidelity estimation:alternative derivation and related applications

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第9期76卷 16-20页

作者： Diego S Starke Marcos l w Basso Jonas Maziero Physics Department Center for Natural and Exact SciencesFederal University of Santa MariaRoraima Avenue 1000Santa MariaRS97105-900Brazil Center for Natural and Human Sciences Federal University of ABCAvenue of the StatesSanto AndréSão Paulo09210-580Brazil

In[***.A 107012427(2023)],Baldwin and Jones prove that Uhlmann–Jozsa’s fidelity between two quantum statesρandσ,i.e.,F(ρ,σ)=(Tr√√ρσ√ρ)^(2),can be written in a simplified form as F(ρ,σ)=(Tr√ρσ)^(2).In this article,we give an alternative proof of this result,using a function power series expansion and the properties of the trace *** approach not only reinforces the validity of the simplified expression but also facilitates the exploration of novel dissimilarity functions for quantum states and more complex trace functions of density operators.

关键词： Ulhmann–Jozsa fidelity Rényi entropy efficient fidelity estimation Chebyshev polynomials

Physical activity volume,frequency,and intensity:Associations with hypertension and obesity over 21 years in Australian women

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第5期13卷 631-641页

作者： Gregore I.Mielke Ding Ding Shelley E.Keating Bruno P.Nunes Ruth Brady wendy J.Brown School of Public Health The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4006Australia Sydney School of Public Health Faculty of Medicine and HealthThe University of SydneySydneyNSW 2006Australia The Charles Perkins Centre The University of SydneySydneyNSW 2006Australia School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4072Australia School of Nursing Federal University of PelotasPelotasRio Grande do Sul 96010-610Brazil Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine Bond UniversityGold CoastQLD 4226Australia

Background:Optimal patterns of accrual of recommended levels of physical activity(PA)for prevention of hypertension and obesity are not *** overall aim of this study was to investigate whether different patterns of accumulation of PA are differentially associated with hypertension and obesity in Australian women over 21 ***,we investigated whether,for the same weekly volume of PA,the number of sessions(frequency)and vigorousness of PA(intensity)were associated with a reduction in the occurrence of hypertension and obesity in ***:Data from the 1973-1978 and 1946-1951 cohorts of the Australian longitudinal Study on women's Health were analyzed(n=20,588;12%-16%with a Bachelor's or higher degree).Self-reported PA,hypertension,height,and weight were collected using mail surveys every 3 years from 1998/2000 to 2019/*** Estimating Equation models with a 3-year lag model were used to investigate the association of PA volume(metabolic equivalent min/week)(none;33-499;500-999;≥1000,weekly frequency(none;1-2 times;3-4times;5-7 times;≥8 times),and the proportion of vigorous PA to total volume of PA(none;0%;1%-33%;34%-66%;67%-100%)with odds of hypertension and obesity from 2000 to ***:The cumulative incidence of hypertension was 6%in the 1973-1978 and 23%in the 1946-1951 cohort;27%of women in the 1973-1978;and 15%in the 1946-1951 cohort developed obesity over the ***,a higher volume of PA was associated with reduced odds of hypertension and *** the volume of PA was considered,the odds of hypertension did not vary according to the frequency or intensity of ***,increased proportion of vigorous PA to the total volume of PA was associated with a small additional reduction in the risk of obe ***:PA volume appears to be more important than the pattern of accumulation for the prevention of hypertension and *** more sessions,particularly of vigorous-intensity PA,may provide extr

关键词： Physical activity Frequency Intensity Incidences Epidemiology women

Precipitation of multi-type nano-quasicrystals in a Mg-Zn-Y alloy

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第3期12卷 997-1008页

作者： w.Z.wang X.Z.Zhou l.F.Zhang H.Q.Ye Z.Q.Yang Shenyang National laboratory for Materials Science Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of ScienceShenyang 110016China Ji Hua laboratory Foshan 528251China Foshan University Foshan 528231China

Mg-6Zn-1Y(at.%)ribbons with strengthening precipitates of multi-type nanoquasicrystals were prepared by melt-spinning followed by aging *** evolution of the rapidly solidified ribbons during isothermal aging was comprehensively studied using various electron microscopy *** new kinds of decagonal quasicrystals were formed in aged ribbons,in addition to precipitation of nanometer icosahedral ***-resolution observations reveal that both decagonal quasicrystals can be modeled by quasiperiodic tiling with decagonal clusters of 2.5 nm in diameter,but overlap of neighboring clusters in both decagonal quasicrystals is different from the Gummelt model observed in other quasicrystals.A shell composed of complex laves Mg-Zn domains was formed surrounding each decagonal quasicrystal precipitate upon prolonged *** addition,all kinds of nanoprecipitates exhibit excellent structure and size stability at 573 *** findings may have implications for not only fundamental studies about quasicrystals,but also microstructural manipulation of high-performance Mg alloys.

关键词： Quasicrystal Mg alloys Rapid solidification Scanning-transmission electron microscopy.