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Probiotics, prebiotics and their role in Alzheimer's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第9期16卷 1768-1769页

作者： valeria D’Argenio Daniela Sarnataro Department of Human Sciences and Quality of Life Promotion San Raffaele Open UniversityRomaItaly CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate NaplesItaly Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies University of Naples Federico IINaplesItaly

Accumulation of amyloid and dysfunctional tau proteins in the brain, along with the development of dementia, characterizes Alzheimer 's disease(AD). Although the cause of AD is currently unknown, it has been shown that the onset of the disease, with amyloid-beta peptide(Aβ) accumulation, occurs 10–20 years before the development of the clinical signs.

关键词： Alzheimer tau Aβ

Pancreatic cancer in 2021:What you need to know to win

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第35期27卷 5851-5889页

作者： valeria Tonini Manuel Zanni Department of Medical Sciences and Surgery University of Bologna-Emergency Surgery UnitIRCCS Sant’Orsola HospitalBologna 40121Italy University of Bologna Emergency Surgery UnitIRCCS Sant'Orsola HospitalBologna 40121Italy

Pancreatic cancer is one of the solid tumors with the worst ***-year survival rate is less than 10%.Surgical resection is the only potentially curative treatment,but the tumor is often diagnosed at an advanced stage of the disease and surgery could be performed in a very limited number of ***,surgery is still associated with high post-operative morbidity,while other therapies still offer very disappointing *** article reviews every aspect of pancreatic cancer,focusing on the elements that can improve *** was written with the aim of describing everything you need to know in 2021 in order to face this difficult challenge.

关键词： Pancreatic cancer treatment Advanced pancreatic cancer Metastatic pancreatic cancer Pancreatic cancer surgery Pancreatic cancer chemotherapy Pancreatic cancer screening

Behavioral flexibility and novel environments:integrating currentpers pectives for future directions

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Current Zoology 2024年第3期70卷 304-309页

作者： valeria Mazza Vedrana Šlipogor Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences University of TusciaLargo dell'Università101100 ViterboItaly Ichthyogenic Experimental Marine Centre(CISMAR) LocalitàLe Saline snc01016 TarquiniaItaly Department of Zoology University of South BohemiaBranišovská176037005ČeskéBudějoviceCzech Republic Department of Ecology and Evolution University of LausanneQuartier UNIL-SorgeBâtiment BiophoreCH-1015 LausanneSwitzerland The Sense–Innovation and Research Center Lausanne&Sion Avenue de Provence 821007 LausanneSwitzerland

Individuals in the process of encountering a novel environment face several new selective pressures that can lead to changes in phenotypes,which provides an exciting opportunity to study microevolutionary *** novelty encompasses a variety of changes in the socioecological world of an individual,as well as situations for which animals lack eco-evolutionary experience(e.g.,Saul et al.2013;Heger et al.2019).

关键词： environments evolutionary processes

Why is early detection of colon cancer still not possible in 2023?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第3期30卷 211-224页

作者： valeria Tonini Manuel Zanni Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences University of BolognaBologna 40138Italy

Colorectal cancer(CRC)screening is a fundamental tool in the prevention and early detection of one of the most prevalent and lethal *** the years,screening,particularly in those settings where it is well organized,has succeeded in reducing the incidence of colon and rectal cancer and improving the prognosis related to *** considerable advancements in screening technologies and strategies,the effectiveness of CRC screening programs remains less than *** paper examined the multifaceted reasons behind the persistent lack of effect-iveness in CRC screening *** a critical analysis of current methodologies,technological limitations,patient-related factors,and systemic challenges,we elucidated the complex interplay that hampers the successful reduction of CRC morbidity and mortality *** acknowledging the ad-vancements that have improved aspects of screening,we emphasized the necessity of addressing the identified barriers *** study aimed to raise awareness of how important CRC screening is in reducing costs for this *** and early diagnosis are not only important in improving the prognosis of patients with CRC but can lead to an important reduction in the cost of treating a disease that is often diagnosed at an advanced *** more sooner can mean saving money later.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Colorectal cancer screening Colorectal screening test Colon and rectal cancer

Early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer:What strategies to avoid a foretold catastrophe

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第31期28卷 4235-4248页

作者： valeria Tonini Manuel Zanni Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences University of BolognaBologna 40138Italy

While great strides in improving survival rates have been made for most cancers in recent years,pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC)remains one of the solid tumors with the worst *** mortality often overlaps with *** resection is the only potentially curative treatment,but it can be performed in a very limited number of *** order to improve the prognosis of PDAC,there are ideally two possible ways:the discovery of new strategies or drugs that will make it possible to treat the tumor more successfully or an earlier diagnosis that will allow patients to be operated on at a less advanced *** aim of this review was to summarize all the possible strategies available today for the early diagnosis of PDAC and the paths that research needs to take to make this goal ever *** the most recent studies on risk factors and screening modalities,new laboratory tests including liquid biopsy,new imaging methods and possible applications of artificial intelligence and machine learning were reviewed and commented ***,in 2022 the results for this type of cancer still remain discouraging,while a catastrophic increase in cases is expected in the coming *** article was also written with the aim of highlighting the urgency of devoting more attention and resources to this pathology in order to reach a solution that seems more and more unreachable every day.

关键词： Pancreatic cancer Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma Early diagnosis Liquid biopsy Pancreatic cancer biomarkers Artificial intelligence Pancreatic cancer screening

The effects of patch richness on con-specific interference in the parasitoid Ibalia leucospoides （Hymenoptera： Ibaliidae）

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Insect Science 2010年第4期17卷 379-385页

作者： valeria Fernandez-Arhex Juan Carlos Corley Lab. Ecologia de tnsectos INTA EEA-Bariloche Bariloche Rio Negro Argentina

We experimentally studied con-specific interference in Ibalia leucospoides, a parasitoid of the woodwasp Sirex noctilio, on pine logs containing variable numbers of woodwasp larvae. Competiton occurred when two different-sized female parasitoids foraged on a host patch, and consequently the small female always abandoned the patch. Regardless of host density, con-specific presence did not affect the attack rate, the number of hosts attacked, nor patch residence time by the winner, when compared to a control female that foraged alone. In contrast, con-specific presence reduced patch time and the number of hosts attacked by the loser. Finally patch time （by both） as well as number of hosts attacked （by the winner only） increased with host density per patch. Our results suggest that con-specific presence has different consequences for different-sized females during patch exploitation.

关键词： aggregation direct competition host-parasitoid interactions parasitoid com-petition patch quality Sirex noctilio

Targeting molecular pathways for the treatment of inherited retinal degeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第10期15卷 1784-1791页

作者： Meltem Kutluer Li Huang valeria Marigo Department of Life Sciences University of Modena and Reggio Emilia

Inherited retinal degeneration is a major cause of incurable blindness characterized by loss of retinal photoreceptor *** retinal degeneration is characterized by high genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity with several genes mutated in patients affected by these genetic *** high genetic heterogeneity of these diseases hampers the development of effective therapeutic interventions for the cure of a large cohort of *** cell demise mechanisms can be envisioned as targets to treat patients regardless the specific *** of these targets is the increase of intracellular calcium ions,that has been detected in several murine models of inherited retinal ***,neurotrophic factors that favor the efflux of calcium ions to concentrations below toxic levels have been identified as promising molecules that should be evaluated as new treatments for retinal ***,we discuss therapeutic options for inherited retinal degeneration and we will focus on neuroprotective approaches,such as the neuroprotective activity of the Pigment epithelium-derived *** characterization of specific targets for neuroprotection opens new perspectives together with many questions that require deep analyses to take advantage of this knowledge and develop new therapeutic *** believe that minimizing cell demise by neuroprotection may represent a promising treatment strategy for retinal degeneration.

关键词： achromatopsia calcium calpains calpastatin congenital stationary night blindness Leber’s congenital amaurosis retinitis pigmentosa stargardt disease

β_(2) and α_(2) adrenergic receptors mediate the proneurogenic in vitro effects of norquetiapine

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第10期16卷 2041-2047页

作者： valeria Bortolotto Pier Luigi Canonico Mariagrazia Grilli Laboratory of Neuroplasticity University of Piemonte OrientaleNovaraItaly Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Piemonte OrientaleNovaraItaly

Positive modulation of adult hippocampal neurogenesis may contribute to the therapeutic effects of clinically relevant antidepressant drugs,including atypical ***,an antipsychotic which represents a therapeutic option in patients who are resistant to classical antidepressants,promotes adult hippocampal neurogenesis in preclinical ***,the key active metabolite of quetiapine in humans,has a distinctive receptor profile than the parent *** drug is indeed a high affinity norepinephrine transporter inhibitor and such activity has been proposed to contribute to its antidepressant *** present,no information is available on the effects of norquetiapine on adult *** extensively investigated the activity of quetiapine and norquetiapine on adult murine neural stem/progenitor cells and their ***,selective antagonists for β_(2)/α_(2) adrenergic receptors allowed us to evaluate if these receptors could mediate quetiapine and norquetiapine *** demonstrated that both drugs elicit in vitro proneurogenic effects but also that norquetiapine had distinctive properties which may depend on its ability to inhibit norepinephrine transporter and involve β_(2)/α_(2) adrenergic *** care and experimental procedures were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committees(IACUC)at University of Piemonte Orientale,Italy(approval No.1033/2015PR)on September 29,2015.

关键词： adrenergic receptors adult neurogenesis antidepressants antipsychotics depression neural progenitor cells norquetiapine quetiapine

Influence of Surface Finishing on High-Temperature Oxidation of AISI Type 444 Ferritic Stainless Steel Used in SOFC Stacks

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2017年第8期30卷 697-711页

作者： valeria Bongiorno Paolo Piccardo Simone Anelli Roberto Spotorno Laboratorio di Metallurgia e Materiali - Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale (LMM-DCCI) Universita degli Studi di Genova Via Dodecaneso 31 16146 GenoaItaly

This research is focused on the study of the samples, approximatively 15 × 30 mm^2 sized, that were mechanically cut from two sheets （0.4 and 0.2 mm thick, respectively） of AIS1444 Type ferritic stainless steel （FSS）（DIN 1.4521, Eu designation X2CrMoTil8-2）; this material was in the ＇as-rolled＇ state. Part of these specimens were treated superficially on one side using abrasive SiC papers with different average grit sizes （i.e., 46.2, 30.2, 18.3 gm） and diamond suspension （up to 1 tim） in order to obtain various surface roughness. Both the ＇as-rolled＇ and superficially treated samples were then aged in a muffle fumace in static air according to a thermal cycle corresponding to the curing phase of an experimental glass used as sealing in the solid oxide fuel cell stacks. After aging, the chemical compositions and mor- phological peculiarities of the scale formed depending on the thickness of the samples and their surface state were studied by scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive spectroscopy, micro-Raman spectroscopy, bright field light optical microscopy. The obtained results show that all scales formed consist of an inner Cr2O3 subscale and an outer （Mn,Cr）3O4 spinel layer; the relationship between FSS grain size and scale microstructural features is consistent on the samples with mirror-like surface only; the scale thicknesses on SiC grinded samples are comparable; the scales covering the ＇as-rolled＇ surfaces are morphologically similar to those grown on the surfaces finished with the 30.2 and 18.3 μm SiC papers, and their thicknesses show an intermediate situation between the abraded and the mirror-like specimens. The last described characteristics depend mainly on the surface and microstructural peculiarities resulting from the rolling process.

关键词： AISI Type 444 SOFC stacks Surface roughness Microstructure Surface finishing High-temperature oxidation