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Why are we performing fewer cholecystectomies for mild acute biliary pancreatitis?Trends and predictors of cholecystectomy from the National Readmissions Database(2010–2014)

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Gastroenterology Report 2019年第5期7卷 331-337,I0002页

作者： sushil kumar garg Fateh Bazerbachi Shashank Sarvepalli Shounak Majumder Shanthi Swaroop Vege Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Mayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA Division of Gastroenterology Massachusetts General HospitalBostonMAUSA Department of Hospital Medicine Cleveland ClinicClevelandOHUSA

Background:Current guidelines recommend cholecystectomy for patients with mild acute biliary pancreatitis(MABP)during the index admission because it is associated with better *** this study,we aimed to assess national trends in cholecystectomy during index admissions for MABP and to identify factors associated with cholecystectomy completion and 30-day ***:Using diagnostic codes and the National Readmissions Database,we identified patients admitted with MABP between 2010 and *** in cholecystectomy rates were computed on the basis of various *** conducted a multivariable analysis to identify factors associated with 30-day readmission and cholecystectomy during the same ***:We identified 255,695 unique index MABP cases(41.3%male)and the 30-day readmission rate was 12.6%.Overall,43.8%underwent cholecystectomy and 25%underwent endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP)with *** observed a decreasing trend in both procedures during the study period(P<0.001).In multivariate analysis,odds of 30-day readmission were reduced for patients undergoing ERCP with sphincterotomy(odds ratio,0.78;95%confidence interval,0.74–0.84)or cholecystectomy(odds ratio,0.37;95%confidence interval,0.35–0.39).Conclusions:For patients with MABP,cholecystectomy or ERCP with sphincterotomy during the index admission decreased the risk of 30-day *** this benefit and national guidelines recommending cholecystectomy during the index MABP admission,the rate of cholecystectomies performed nationally decreased during the study *** research is needed to understand the implications and reasons underlying this deviation from guidelines.

关键词： cholecystectomy mild acute biliary pancreatitis National Readmissions Database endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography

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Genome-wide gene expression analysis for target genes to differentiate patients with intestinal tuberculosis and Crohn’s disease and discriminative value of FOXP3 mRNA expression

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Gastroenterology Report 2016年第1期4卷 59-67,I0003页

作者： Vineet Ahuja Swati Subodh Amit Tuteja Veena Mishra sushil kumar garg Neha Gupta Govind Makharia SK Acharya Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition All India Institute of Medical SciencesNew DelhiIndia The Centre for Genomic Application(An IGIB–IMM collaboration) New DelhiIndia

Background and aims:Crohn’s disease(CD)and intestinal tuberculosis(ITB)are both chronic granulomatous conditions with similar phenotypic ***,there is need for a biomarker to differentiate between both these two *** study aimed at genome-wide gene expression analysis of colonic biopsies from confirmed cases of ITB and CD in comparison with *** evaluate the role of T regulatory cells,forkhead box P3(FOXP3)mRNA expression was quantified in serum as well as in colonic biopsies from patients with ITB and with the ***:Paired samples,including serum and colonic biopsies,were taken from 33 study subjects(CD,ITB and controls),and total RNA was *** whole genome gene expression microarray analysis was performed using the Illumina HumanWG-6 BeadChip Kit with six total RNA samples of the three groups in ***-time PCR for FOXP3 mRNA expression was analyzed in serum samples and colonic biopsy samples(4-CD,5-ITB,4-controls).Results:In CD and ITB there was 1.5-fold upregulation of 92 and 382 genes and 1.5-fold downregulation of 91 and 256 genes,*** proliferators via the PPARc pathway were most significantly downregulated(P2-fold *** ITB,the complement activation pathway,specifically the classical pathway,was the most significantly ***3 mRNA expression was significantly elevated in colonic biopsies obtained from ITB patients as compared with CD cases(4.7062.21 vs 1.4860.31,P=0.016).Conclusions:FOXP3 mRNA expression in colonic mucosa could be a discriminatory marker between ITB and *** of the complement activation pathway in ITB suggests that pathogenetic mechanisms for ITB are similar to those of pulmonary *** CD,downregulation of PPARc was seen in colonic tissue,suggesting that restoratio

关键词： Crohn’s disease intestinal tuberculosis microarray gene expression profiling signaling pathway FOXP3 mRNA

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Acute pancreatitis associated with intravenous administration of propofol:evaluation of causality in a systematic review of the literature

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Gastroenterology Report 2019年第1期7卷 13-23,I0001页

作者： Samir Haffar Ravinder Jeet Kaur sushil kumar garg Joseph A.Hyder M.Hassan Murad Barham K.Abu Dayyeh Fateh Bazerbachi Digestive Center for Diagnosis&Treatment 29 Ayar StreetDamascusSyrian Arab Republic Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Mayo Clinic200 First Street SWRochesterMN 55905USA Division of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine Mayo Clinic200 First Street SWRochesterMN 55905USA Division of Health Care Policy and Research Mayo Clinic200 First Street SWRochesterMN 55905USA

Acute pancreatitis(AP)associated with intravenous administration of propofol has been described with unknown causal *** therefore assessed this causality in a systematic *** databases were searched on 16 August 2017;studies were appraised and selected by two reviewers based on a priori *** causality was evaluated with the Naranjo scale and Badalov *** identified 18 studies from 11 countries with a total of 21 patients,and the majority had adequate methodological *** median age was 35 years(range,4–77)and 10(48%)were ***,propofol was administrated in 8 patients as sedative along with induction/maintenance of anesthesia in 13 patients;median dose was 200 mg,with intermediate latency(1–30 days)in 14(67%).Serum triglycerides were>1000 mg/dL in four *** AP was observed in four patients(19%).AP recurrence occurred in one out of two patients who underwent *** related to AP was 3/21(14%).Propofol was the probable cause of AP according to the Naranjo scale in 19 patients(89%).Propofol-induced AP has a probable causal relation and evidence supports Badalov class *** is not the only mechanism by which propofol illicit ***-induced AP was severe in 19%of patients with a mortality rate related to AP of 14%.Future research is needed to delineate whether this risk is higher if combined with other procedures that portend inherent risk of pancreatitis such as endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography.

关键词： Acute pancreatitis drug-induced pancreatitis propofol systematic review

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Overlap in oncogenic and pro-inflammatory pathways associated with areca nut and nicotine exposure

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Cancer Pathogenesis and Therapy 2024年第3期2卷 187-194页

作者： Krati garg Anuj kumar Vidisha Kizhakkethil Pramod kumar Shalini Singh Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology Indian Institute of Technology(IIT)DelhiDelhi 110016India Division of Molecular Biology ICMR-National Institute of Cancer Prevention and Research(ICMR-NICPR)Indian Council of Medical ResearchNoidaUttar Pradesh 201301India Department of Biotechnology Vellore Institute of Technology(VIT)VelloreTamil Nadu 632024India ICMR-National Institute of Cancer Prevention&Research(ICMR-NICPR) Indian Council of Medical ResearchNoidaUttar Pradesh 201301India

Background:Betel nut/areca nut/Areca catechu is one of the most commonly used psychoactive substance,and is also a major preventable cause of *** other psychoactive substances,such as nicotine,the mechanisms underlying addiction to areca nuts and related oncogenesis remain *** reports suggest a possible overlap in the mechanisms of action of nicotine and areca nuts in the human ***,this study aimed to investigate the interactome of human proteins associated with areca nut exposure and the intricate similarities and differences in the effects of the two psychoactive substances on ***:A list of proteins associated with areca nut use was obtained from the available literature using terms from Medical Subject Headings(MeSH).Protein-protein interaction(PPI)networks and functional enrichment were *** results obtained for both psychoactive substances were ***:Given the limited number of common proteins(36/226,16%)in the two sets,a substantial overlap(612/1176 nodes,52%)was observed in the PPI networks,as well as in Gene *** nuts mainly affect signaling pathways through three hub proteins(alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase,tumor protein 53,and interleukin-6),which are common to both psychoactive substances,as well as two unique hub proteins(epidermal growth factor receptor and master regulator of cell cycle entry and proliferative metabolism).Areca nut-related proteins are associated with unique pathways,such as extracellular matrix organization,lipid storage,and metabolism,which are not found in nicotine-associated ***:Areca nuts affect regulatory mechanisms,leading to systemic toxicity and *** nuts also affect unique pathways that can be studied as potential markers of exposure,as well as targets for anticancer therapeutic agents.

关键词： Cancer Areca nut Nicotine Interactome Cell signaling

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Performance validation of High Mountain Asia 8-meter Digital Elevation Model using ICESat-2 geolocated photons

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第8期21卷 2562-2578页

作者： Giribabu DANDABATHULA Subham ROY Omkar Shashikant GHATAGE Vaibhav Balaso KOLASE Shwetambari SATPUTE Koushik GHOSH Sahibnoor KAUR Satyanarayana PONDARI Apurba kumar BERA sushil kumar SRIVASTAV Regional Remote Sensing Centre-West National Remote Sensing CentreIndian Space Research OrganisationJodhpur 342005India Department of Geography School of Earth SciencesBharathidasan UniversityTiruchirappalli 620024India Centre for Climate Change and Water Research Suresh Gyan Vihar UniversityJaipur 302017India Department of Geography Panjab UniversityChandigarh 160014India National Remote Sensing Centre Indian Space Research OrganisationHyderabad 500037India Regional Centres National Remote Sensing CentreIndian Space Research OrganisationNew Delhi 110049India

High Mountain Asia(HMA),recognized as a third pole,needs regular and intense studies as it is susceptible to climate *** accurate and high-resolution Digital Elevation Model(DEM)for this region enables us to analyze it in a 3D environment and understand its intricate role as the Water Tower of *** science teams of NASA realized an 8-m DEM using satellite stereo imagery for HMA,termed HMA 8-m *** this research,we assessed the vertical accuracy of HMA 8-m DEM using reference elevations from ICESat-2 geolocated photons at three test sites of varied topography and land *** were made from statistical quantifiers and elevation *** the world’s highest mountain,Mount Everest,and its surroundings,Root Mean Squared Error(RMSE)and Mean Absolute Error(MAE)resulted in 1.94 m and 1.66 m,respectively;however,a uniform positive bias observed in the elevation profiles indicates the seasonal snow cover change will dent the accurate estimation of the elevation in this sort of test *** second test site containing gentle slopes with forest patches has exhibited the Digital Surface Model(DSM)features with RMSE and MAE of 0.58 m and 0.52 m,*** third test site,situated in the Zanda County of the Qinghai-Tibet,is a relatively flat terrain bed,mostly bare earth with sudden river cuts,and has minimal errors with RMSE and MAE of 0.32 m and 0.29 m,respectively,and with a negligible ***,in one more test site,the feasibility of detecting the glacial lakes was tested,which resulted in exhibiting a flat surface over the surface of the lakes,indicating the potential of HMA 8-m DEM for deriving the hydrological *** results accrued in this investigation confirm that the HMA 8-m DEM has the best vertical accuracy and should be of high use for analyzing natural hazards and monitoring glacier surfaces.

关键词： High Mountain Asia Digital Elevation Model ICESat-2 geolocated photons Accuracy assessment

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Ameta-analysis on efficacy and safety:single-balloon ***-balloon enteroscopy

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Gastroenterology Report 2015年第2期3卷 148-155页

作者： Vaibhav Wadhwa Saurabh Sethi Sumeet Tewani sushil kumar garg Douglas K.Pleskow Ram Chuttani Tyler M.Berzin Nidhi Sethi Mandeep S.Sawhney Department of Internal Medicine Fairview HospitalCleveland ClinicClevelandOHUSA Division of Gastroenterology Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Division of Basic and Translational Research Department of SurgeryUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMNUSA

Background and aim:Double-balloon enteroscopy(DBE)and single-balloon enteroscopy(SBE)are new techniques capable of providing deep *** of individual studies comparing these techniques have not been able to identify a superior *** aim was to systematically pool all available studies to compare the efficacy and safety of DBE with SBE for evaluation of the small ***:Databases were searched,including PubMed,Embase,and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled *** main outcome measures were complete small-bowel visualization,diagnostic yield,therapeutic yield,and complication *** analysis was performed using Review Manager(RevMan version 5.2).Meta-analysis was performed using fixed-effect or random-effect methods,depending on the absence or presence of significant *** used the v2 and I2 test to assess heterogeneity between *** were expressed as risk ratios(RR)or mean differences with 95%confidence intervals(CI).Results:Four prospective,randomized,controlled trials with a total of 375 patients were *** was superior to SBE for visualization of the entire small bowel[pooled RR=0.37(95%CI:0.19–0.73;P=0.004)].DBE and SBE were similar in ability to provide diagnosis[pooled RR=0.95(95%CI:0.77–1.17;P=0.62)].There was no significant difference between DBE and SBE in therapeutic yield[pooled RR=0.78(95%CI:0.59–1.04;P=0.09)]and complication rate[pooled RR=1.08(95%CI:0.28–4.22);P=0.91].Conclusions:DBE was superior to SBE with regard to complete small bowel *** was similar to SBE with regard to diagnostic yield,ability to provide treatment and complication rate,but these results should be interpreted with caution as they is based on very few studies and the overall quality of the evidence was rated as low tomoderate,due to the small sample size.

关键词： small bowel enteroscopy single-balloon enteroscopy double-balloon enteroscopy meta-analysis outcomes

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Ameliorative Effects of Paclobutrazol via Physio-Biochemical and Molecular Manifestation in Rice under Water Deficit Stress

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Rice Science 2024年第5期 603-617页

作者： Chirag MAHESHWARI Nitin kumar garg Archana SINGH Aruna TYAGI Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Indian Agricultural Research Institute Sri Karan Narendra Agricultural University

To comprehensively explore the physio-biochemical and molecular changes of paclobutrazol(PBZ) at the ideal dose under water deficit stress(WDS) conditions, we investigated the effects of 100 mg/kg PBZ applied via drenching on various physio-biochemical and molecular parameters in three rice varieties(N22, IR64, and IR64 DTY1.1) under both mild [75%-80% relative water content(RWC)] and severe(60%-65% RWC) WDS conditions. The results showed that PBZ treatment positively influenced the physio-biochemical parameters, significantly increasing dry matter(16.27%-61.91%), RWC(6.48%-16.34%), membrane stability index(4.37%-10.35%), and total chlorophyll content(8.97%-29.09%) in the rice varieties under both mild and severe WDS. Moreover, PBZ treatment reduced drought susceptibility(0.83-0.95) and enhanced drought tolerance efficiency(60.92%-86.78%), indicating its potential as a stress-mitigating agent. Global methylation analysis revealed changes in DNA methylation patterns, indicating the regulatory influence of PBZ on gene expression. The expression analysis of genes involved in the diversification of geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate towards the biosynthesis of abscisic acid, gibberellin acid, and chlorophyll showed alterations in their expression levels, suggesting the involvement of PBZ in the isoprenoid pathway. Overall, this study provides valuable insights into the potential mechanisms by which PBZ modulates physiological and molecular responses in rice plants under WDS. The findings highlight the importance of PBZ as a promising agent for enhancing drought tolerance in rice and offer valuable information for future research in crop stress management.

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Ameliorative Effects of Paclobutrazol via Physio-Biochemical and Molecular Manifestation in Rice under Water Deficit Stress

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Rice science 2024年第5期31卷 603-616,I0065页

作者： Chirag MAHESHWARI Nitin kumar garg Archana SINGH Aruna TYAGI Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Indian Agricultural Research Institute New Delhi 110012India Sri Karan Narendra Agricultural University JobnerRajasthan 303329India

关键词： rice paclobutrazol drought stress abscisic acid gibberellic acid

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Tuning of Optical Properties via Annealing of Bismuth Ferrite (BiFeO3) Thin Films

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Open Journal of Composite Materials 2024年第3期14卷 124-131页

作者： Harish kumar Meena Khushbu Meena Reena Verma Karishma Jain sushil kumar Jain Kedar Babu Sharma Balram Tripathi Department of Physics S S Jain Subodh PG College Jaipur India Department of Physics University of Rajasthan Jaipur India Department of Physics School of Physical Sciences Manipal University Jaipur Jaipur India

In this study we are reporting annealing induced optical properties of bismuth ferrite (BiFeO3) thin films deposited on glass substrate via spin coating at 5000 rpm. The structural, optical and surface morphology of BiFeO3 (BFO) thin films have been studied via X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), Optical absorption (UV-Vis) and Photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. XRD spectra confirm annealing induced phase formation of BiFeO3 possessing a rhombohedral R3c structure. The films are dense and without cracks, although the presence of porosity in BFO/glass was observed. Moreover, optical absorption spectra indicate annealing induced effect on the energy band structure in comparison to pristine BiFeO3. It is observed that annealing effect shows an intense shift in the UV-Vis spectra as diffuse absorption together with the variation in the optical band gap. The evaluated optical band gap values are approximately equal to the bulk band gap value of BiFeO3.

关键词： Optical Properties Annealing Ferroelectrics Photo Luminescence BFO Thin Films

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Insights from a Brief Study of Renal Calculi: Recent Diagnostic and Treatment Approaches

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生物组学研究杂志(英文) 2024年第1期07卷 8-19页

作者： kumar Aashish Goyal Rajat garg Kajal Gupta Sumeet Wilson Kashish Chopra Hitesh MM College of Pharmacy Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University) Mullana-Ambala Haryana India Lal Chand Mal College of Education Jhansa Kurukshetra Haryana India Department of Biosciences Saveetha School of Engineering Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences Chennai Tamil Nadu India

Background: Renal calculi, commonly known as kidney stones, is a prevalent urological condition that affects a substantial portion of the population worldwide. The formation of kidney stones is a complex process influenced by various factors, including diet, fluid intake, genetics, and metabolic abnormalities. The pathogenesis of renal calculi involves a complex interplay of multiple factors, including supersaturation of urine with stone-forming constituents, urinary supersaturation, crystallization, and ***: This review aims to provide an overview of the present understanding of renal calculi, their pathophysiology, diagnostic approaches, and available treatment ***: This review discusses the different types of kidney stones, such as calcium oxalate, calcium phosphate, uric acid, and struvite stones, and explores their formation mechanisms and associated risk factors. The management of renal calculi relies on stone characteristics, patient symptoms, stone size, and location. Furthermore, counseling and education regarding lifestyle modifications and risk factor management are essential for long-term ***: Accurate diagnosis and appropriate management based on stone characteristics and patient symptoms are essential for successful outcomes. Preventive strategies to reduce stone recurrence are vital for long-term management and patient well-being. However, further research is needed to refine diagnostic techniques, improve treatment options, and enhance the understanding of the underlying pathophysiology of renal calculi.

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