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Romance of the three domains:how cladistics transformed the classifi cation of cellular organisms

Protein & Cell 2013年第9期4卷 664-676页

作者： Chi-Chun Ho susanna K.P.Lau Patrick C.Y.Woo Department of Microbiology The University of Hong KongHong KongChina State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases The University of Hong KongHong KongChina Research Centre of Infection and Immunology The University of Hong KongHong KongChina Carol Yu Centre of Infection The University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Cladistics is a biological philosophy that uses genealogi-cal relationship among species and an inferred sequence of divergence as the basis of classifi *** review critically surveys the chronological development of bio-logical classification from Aristotle through our post-genomic era with a central focus on *** 1957,Julian Huxley coined cladogenesis to denote splitting from *** 1960,the English translation of Willi Hennig’s 1950 work,Systematic Phylogenetics,was published,which received strong opposition from phenet-icists,such as numerical taxonomists Peter Sneath and Robert Sokal,and evolutionary taxonomist,Ernst Mayr,and sparked acrimonious debates in *** 1977-1990,Carl Woese pioneered in using small subunit rRNA gene sequences to delimitate the three domains of cellu-lar life and established major prokaryotic *** has since dominated *** being compatible with modern microbiological observations,*** with unusual phenotypes,restricted expression of charac-teristics and occasionally being uncultivable,increasing recognition of pervasiveness and abundance of horizon-tal gene transfer has challenged relevance and validity of *** mosaic nature of eukaryotic and prokary-otic genomes was also gradually *** the mid-2000s,high-throughput and whole-genome sequencing became routine and complex geneologies of organisms have led to the proposal of a reticulated web of *** genomics only indirectly leads to understanding of func-tional adaptations to ecological niches,computational modeling of entire organisms is underway and the gap between genomics and phenetics may soon be *** are not expected to settle as taxonomic classifi cations shall remain subjective to serve the human scientist,not the classifi ed.

关键词： cladistics phenetics phylogeny classifi ca-tion evolution

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Effects of basic traditional Chinese diet on body mass index,lean body mass,and eating and hunger behaviours in overweight or obese individuals

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2016年第4期36卷 456-463页

作者： Frida Leonetti Aldo Liguori Filomena Petti susanna Rughini Laura Silli Stefano Liguori Sergio Bangrazi Department of Clinical Science La SapienzaUniversityRome 00185Italy Department of Anatomic HistologicForensic Medicine and Locomotor System SciencesLa Sapienza UniversityRome 00185Italy Department of Studies and Research Paracelso InstituteRome 00153Italy

OBJECTIVE:To compare the effects of a basic traditional Chinese diet with a Western standard diet on body mass index(BMI),lean body mass(LBD),and eating and hunger ***:A sample of 284 patients were randomized into 2 groups:group A(n = 142) followed a basic traditional Chinese diet(BCTD) and group B(n =142) followed a Western standard diet(WSD).Both diets were set at approximately 1200 *** patients enrolled were compared before treatment and 6 weeks after treatment,and then follow-ups were made at 1 year and 5 ***:In the BCTD group,BMI decreased by0.46 kg/m2 and LBM by 0.25 kg,versus respectively0.28 kg/m2 and 0.41 kg in the WSD *** of eating self-assessment,hunger measurement and psychophysical indices of health were also in favour of the ***:Outcomes show that the BCTD has a better effect on BMI and LBM,as well as over the medium/long term,and provides stronger psychophysical support to obese patients.

关键词： Obesity Overweight Cardiovascular diseases Diabetes mellitus Dietetics Diet Body mass index

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Design and preliminary validation of a tool for the simulation of train braking performance

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Journal of Modern Transportation 2013年第4期21卷 247-257页

作者： Luca Pugi Monica Malvezzi susanna Papini Gregorio Vettori Department of Industrial Engineering University of Florence Department of Information Engineering and Mathematical Science University of Siena

Train braking performance is important for the safety and reliability of railway systems. The availability of a tool that allows evaluating such performance on the basis of the main train features can be useful for train system designers to choose proper dimensions for and optimize train＇s subsystems. This paper presents a modular tool for the prediction of train braking performance, with a par- ticular attention to the accurate prediction of stopping distances. The tool takes into account different loading and operating conditions, in order to verify the safety require- ments prescribed by European technical specifications for interoperability of high-speed trains and the corresponding EN regulations. The numerical results given by the tool were verified and validated by comparison with experimental data, considering as benchmark case an Ansaldo EMU V250 train--a European high-speed train--currently developed for Belgium and Netherlands high-speed lines, on which technical information and experimental data directly recorded during the preliminary tests were available. An accurate identification of the influence of the braking pad friction factor on braking performances allowed obtaining reliable results.

关键词： Braking performances Friction behavior ofbraking pads Prediction tool

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Sequence analysis of rDNA intergenic spacer region (IGS) as a tool for phylogenetic studies in Trichoderma spp.

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浙江大学学报(农业与生命科学版) 2004年第4期30卷 460-461页

作者： Mercatelli Elisabetta Pecchia susanna Ciliegi Sandro Vannacci Giovanni Dipartimento di Coltivazione e Difesa delle Specie Legnose "G. Scaramuzzi" Sez. Patologia Vegetale Università di Pisa Via del Borghetto 80 I-56124 Pisa Italy

Different from ribosomal genes, which contain highly conserved sequences that are detected in all organisms, the intergenic spacer of rDNA (IGS) appears to be the most rapidly-evolving spacer region. For this reason we tested this region for phylogenetic studies. This report focuses on the study of IGS sequences of isolates belonging to Trichoderma section (T. viride, T. koningii, T. hamatum, T. erinaceus, T. asperellum) and Pachybasium section (T. harzianum, T. crassum, T. fasciculatum, T. oblongisporum, T. virens). Using the primer pair 28STD and CNS1, the Fast Start Taq DNA Polymerase (Roche), and a three temperature PCR protocol, products ranging from ca 1900 to 2400 bp were obtained from all tested isolates. The PCR product of 16 Trichoderma spp. isolates was cloned into a pGEM-TEeasy Vector (Promega) and sequenced. Based on a BLAST search we can conclude that the PCR product represents the whole IGS region. Multiple alignments of IGS sequences revealed two portions with different homology level. Portion A (ca 1660 bp) is the portion that contains 3’ end of 28S gene and is the more variable, while portion B (ca 830 bp), that contains the 3’ end of IGS region and the 5’ end of 18S gene, is the less variable. Comparing all sequences in region A 705 identical pairs occur out of 1704 total nucleotides (41.4%), while in region B identical pairs were 723 out of 832 total nucleotides (86.9%) . Sequence comparison of the two regions at intraspecific level (where it was possible) showed higher variability in region A (0.17%-6.8%) than in region B (0.0%-1.0%) . At interspecific level, performing all possible comparisons, the variability of region A (19.5%-52.7%) and B (0.8%- 16.9%). were significantly higher. Comparing sequences of species belonging to Trichoderma section variability of the two regions appears reduced if compared with that obtained from comparisons of species belonging to Pachybasium section. On the basis of sequence alignment, phylogenetic trees were o

关键词： IGS rDNA sequences Trichoderma spp. phylogeny

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Structured PDMS Chambers for Enhanced Human Neuronal Cell Activity on MEA Platforms

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2012年第1期9卷 1-10页

作者： Joose Kreutzer Laura Yla-Outinen Paula Karna Tiina Kaarela Jarno Mikkonen Heli Skottman susanna Narkilahti Pasi KaUio Department of Automation Science and Engineering Tampere University of Technology Korkeakoulunkatu 3 33720 Tampere Finland BioMediTech Biokatu 10 33520 Tampere Finland NeuroGroup Institute of Biomedical Technology University of Tampere Biokatu 12 33520 Tampere Finland The Science Center of Pirkanmaa Hospital District Biokatu 12 33521 Tampere Finland Department of Psychology University of Jyvdskyld Ylistonmgientie 33 40500 Jyvdskyla Finland

Structured poly（dimethylsiloxane）（PDMS） chambers were designed and fabricated to enhance the signaling of human Embryonic Stem Cell （hESC） - derived neuronal networks on Microelectrode Array （MEA） platforms. The structured PDMS chambers enable cell seeding on restricted areas and thus, reduce the amount of needed coating materials and cells. In addition, the neuronal cells formed spontaneously active networks faster in the structured PDMS chambers than that in control chambers. In the PDMS chambers, the neuronal networks were more active and able to develop their signaling into organized signal trains faster than control cultures. The PDMS chamber design enables much more repeatable analysis and rapid growth of functional neuronal network in vitro. Moreover, due to its easy and cheap fabrication process, new configurations can be easily fabricated based on investigator requirements.

关键词： cell culturing electrical activity human embryonic stem cells microelectrode array poly(dimethylsiloxane)

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Swann's Way

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作者： Marcel Proust edited by susanna Lee.

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On the evaluation of ALD TiO_(2),ZrO_(2) and HfO_(2) coatings on corrosion and cytotoxicity performances

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2021年第5期9卷 1828-1841页

作者： Mirco Peron susanna Cogo Maria Bjelland Abdulla Bin Afif Anup Dadlani Elisa Greggio Filippo Berto Jan Torgersen Department of Industrial and Mechanical Engineering Norwegian University of Science and TechnologyRichard Birkelands vei 2b7034 TrondheimNorway Department of Biology University of PadovaVia Ugo Bassi 58/b35131PadovaItaly

Magnesium alloys have been widely studied as materials for temporary implants,but their use has been limited by their corrosion ***,coatings have been proven to provide an effective *** only little explored in the field,Atomic Layer Deposition(ALD)stands out as a coating technology due to the outstanding film conformality and density ***,we provide first insights into the corrosion behavior and the induced biological response of 100 nm thick ALD TiO_(2),HfO_(2)and ZrO_(2)coatings on AZ31 alloy by means of potentiodynamic polarization curves,electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS),hydrogen evolution and MTS colorimetric assay with L929 *** three coatings improve the corrosion behavior and cytotoxicity of the ***,HfO_(2)coatings were characterized by the highest corrosion resistance and cell viability,slightly higher than those of ZrO_(2)***_(2)was characterized by the lowest corrosion improvements and,though generally considered a biocompatible coating,was found to not meet the demands for cellular applications(it was characterized by grade 3 cytotoxicity after 5 days of culture).These results reveal a strong link between biocompatibility and corrosion resistance and entail the need of taking the latter into consideration in the choice of a biocompatible coating to protect degradable Mg-based alloys.

关键词： Atomic layer deposition(ALD) Coatings Corrosion resistance Cytocompatibility Magnesium

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利用1996年丽江地震序列反演震区应力状态

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地球物理学报 2009年第4期52卷 1025-1032页

作者：张永庆谢富仁 susanna J.Gross 中国地震局地壳应力研究所北京100085 中国地震局地质研究所北京100029 Cooperative Institute for Research in the Environmental Sciences University of Colorado

本文以1996年丽江M_S7.0地震为例,以地震目录和强震震源模型为输入参数,将力学计算与统计分析相结合,反演计算了1986～1996年间丽江震区2.5°×3.0°空间范围内的地壳应力状态.结果表明,丽江地区应力场最大主应力为近南北向,方位角为355... 详细信息

本文以1996年丽江M_S7.0地震为例,以地震目录和强震震源模型为输入参数,将力学计算与统计分析相结合,反演计算了1986～1996年间丽江震区2.5°×3.0°空间范围内的地壳应力状态.结果表明,丽江地区应力场最大主应力为近南北向,方位角为355°,最小主应力方位角为241°,二者倾角为近水平,应力形因子为O.398,最大主应力大小约为53 MPa,远小于完整岩石的强度.该方法可获得地壳深部绝对应力大小、有效摩擦系数,反演获得的震区地壳深部应力状态的方向性特征与震源机制解结果基本一致;该研究表明地震活动的空间分布可以为我们提供有关强震孕震的地壳深部应力状态信息.这些结果对了解震区应力场具有理论上和实践上的意义.

关键词：丽江地震地震序列反演震区构造应力状态

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Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis in bacterial proteomics

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Protein & Cell 2012年第5期3卷 346-363页

作者： Shirly O.T.Curreem Rory M.Watt susanna K.P.Lau Patrick C.Y.Woo Department of Microbiology The University of Hong KongQueen Mary HospitalHong KongChina Oral Biosciences Faculty of DentistryThe University of Hong KongQueen Mary HospitalHong KongChina State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases Department of MicrobiologyThe University of Hong KongQueen Mary HospitalHong KongChina Research Centre of Infection and Immunology The University of Hong KongQueen Mary HospitalHong KongChina Carol Yu Centre of Infection The University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis(2-DE)is a gel-based technique widely used for analyzing the pro-tein composition of biological *** is capable of resolving complex mixtures containing more than a thousand protein components into individual protein spots through the coupling of two orthogonal bio-physical separation techniques:isoelectric focusing(first dimension)and polyacrylamide gel electrophore-sis(second dimension).2-DE is ideally suited for ana-lyzing the entire expressed protein complement of a bacterial cell:its *** relative simplicity and good reproducibility have led to 2-DE being widely used for exploring proteomics within a wide range of envi-ronmental and medically-relevant *** we give a broad overview of the basic principles and his-torical development of gel-based proteomics,and how this powerful approach can be applied for studying bacterial biology and *** highlight specific 2-DE applications that can be used to analyze when,where and how much proteins are *** links between proteomics,genomics and mass spectrometry are *** explore how proteomics involving tandem mass spectrometry can be used to analyze(post-translational)protein modifications or to identify proteins of unknown origin by de novo peptide *** use of proteome fractionation tech-niques and non-gel-based proteomic approaches are also *** highlight how the analysis of pro-teins secreted by bacterial cells(secretomes or exo-proteomes)can be used to study infection processes or the immune *** review is aimed at non-specialists who wish to gain a concise,compre-hensive and contemporary overview of the nature and applications of bacterial proteomics.

关键词： two-dimensional gel electrophoresis bacte-ria proteomics

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Effect of El Nino Southern Oscillations on the incidence of enteric fever in Ahmedabad,India from 1985 to 2017

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2019年第12期12卷 552-558页

作者： Veena Iyer susanna Abraham Cottagiri Ayushi Sharma Divya Nair Mehul S.Raval Bhavin Solanki Dileep Mavalankar Indian Institute of Public Health Gandhinagar Opposite Air Force HQNear Lekavada Bus StopCRPF P.O.Gandhinagar 382042GujaratIndia ICT Department School of TechnologyPandit Deendayal Petroleum UniversityGandhinagarIndia Medical Officer of Health Ahmedabad Municipal CorporationAhmedabadGujaratIndia

Objective:To explore the relationship between climate variables and enteric fever in the city of Ahmedabad and report preliminary findings regarding the influence of El Nino Southern Oscillations and Indian Ocean Dipole over enteric fever ***:A total of 29808 Widal positive enteric fever cases reported by the Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation and local climate data in 1985-2017 from Ahmedabad Meteorology Department were *** Nino,La Nina,neutral and Indian Ocean Dipole years as reported by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration for the same period were compared for the incidence of enteric ***:Population-normalized average monthly enteric fever case rates were the highest for El Nino years(25.5),lower for La Nina years(20.5)and lowest for neutral years(17.6).A repeated measures ANOVA analysis showed no significant difference in case rates during the three yearly El Nino Southern Oscillations ***,visual profile plot of estimated marginal monthly means showed two distinct characteristics:an early rise and peaking of cases in the El Nino and La Nina years,and a much more restrained rise without conspicuous peaks in neutral *** analysis based on monthly El Nino Southern Oscillations categories was conducted to detect differences in median monthly case *** case rates in strong and moderate El Nino months and strong La Nina months were significantly dissimilar from that during neutral months(P<0.001).Conclusions:El Nino Southern Oscillations events influence the incidence of enteric fever cases in Ahmedabad,and further investigation from more cities and towns is required.

关键词： Enteric fever and climate El Nino,La Nina and Enteric fever El Nino Southern Oscillations Typhoid Indian Ocean Dipole Salmonella and climate

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