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Analysis of expanded criteria to select candidates for active surveillance of low-risk prostate cancer

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2015年第2期17卷 248-252,I0008,I0009页

作者： Jung Ki Jo Hart Sol Lee Young Ik Lee Sang Eun Lee sung kyu hong Department of Urology Seoul National University Bundang Hospital Seongnam Korea.

We aimed to analyze the value of each criterion for clinically insignificant prostate cancer （PCa） in the selection of men for active surveillance （AS） of low-risk PCa. We identified 532 men who were treated with radical prostatectomy from 2006 to 2013 who met 4 or all 5 of the criteria for clinically insignificant PCa （clinical stage 〈 T1, prostate specific antigen [PSA] density 0.15, biopsy Gleason score 〈 6, number of positive biopsy cores 〈 2, and no core with 〉 50% involvement） and analyzed their pathologic and biochemical outcomes. Patients who met all 5 criteria for clinically insignificant PCa were designated as group A （n -- 172）, and those who met 4 of 5 criteria were designated as group B （n = 360）. The association of each criterion with adverse pathologic features was assessed via logistic regression analyses. Comparison of group A and B and also logistic regression analyses showed that PSA density 0.15 ng ml-1 and high （〉7） biopsy Gleason score were associated with adverse pathologic features. Higher （〉 Tlc） clinical stage was not associated with any adverse pathologic features. Although 〈 3 positive cores were not associated with any adverse pathology, 〉4 positive cores were associated with higher risk of extracapsular extension. Among potential candidates for AS, PSA density ~ 0.15 ng ml-~ and biopsy Gleason score ~ 6 pose significantly higher risks of harboring more aggressive disease. The eligibility criteria for AS may be expanded to include men with clinical stage T2 tumor and 3 positive cores.

关键词： prediction prostate prostatectomy prostatic neoplasms risk

The 5-year functional outcomes after radical prostatectomy： a real-life experience in Korea

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2010年第6期12卷 835-840页

作者： sung kyu hong Seung Hwan Doo Dae sung Kim Won Ki Lee hong Zoo Park Ji Hyun Park Seong Jin Jeong Cheol Yong Yoon Seok-Soo Byun Sang Eun Lee Department of Urology Seoul National University Bundang Hospital Seongnam Kyunggi-do 463-707 Korea

We investigated the functional outcomes regarding erectile function and urinary continence up to 5 years following radical prostatectomy （RP） in a cohort of Korean men. We retrospectively analyzed the clinicopathologic data of 85 Korean men who received open uni- or bilateral nerve-sparing RP for clinically localized prostate cancer and were followed up for at least 5 years postoperatively. From medical records, patients＇ status regarding urinary and erectile function at baseline and postoperative followups after RP was assessed. At 24 and 60 months after RP, proportions of subjects continent （no pads used） were 89.4% and 97.6%, respectively （P = 0.007）. Excluding subjects （n = 24） who preoperatively reported having severe erectile dysfunction or lacked relevant informations, proportions of subjects capable of having vaginal intercourse regardless of erectile aid usage were 47.5% and 37.7% at 24 and 60 months from RP, respectively （P = 0.022）. Patient＇s age at surgery （P = 0.047） and salvage radiation therapy （P = 0.026） were observed to be significant predictors of having erections sufficient for intercourse at 60 months from RP in multivariate analysis. Our results showed that while patients＇ postoperative status regarding urinary continence at 2 years from RP is generally maintained or improved at 5 year point, erectile function was observed to significantly declined from 2 years to 5 years following RP. Such decline in erectile function following RP may be more significant among men who were relatively older at surgery or those who received salvage therapy during postoperative follow-ups.

关键词： impotence prostatectomy prostatic neoplasm urinary incontinence

Association of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and prostate cancer detection rates in patients via contemporary multi-core prostate biopsy

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2016年第6期18卷 937-941页

作者： Jong Jin Oh Ohsung Kwon Jung Keun Lee Seok-Soo Byun Sang Eun Lee Sangchul Lee sung kyu hong Department of Urology Seoul National University Bundang Hospital Seongnam Korea.

The aim of this study was to determine whether the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio （NLR）, a measure of the systemic inflammatory response is associated with the overall prostate cancer detection rate in men who underwent contemporary multi （〉12）-core transrectal ultrasound （TRUS） biopsy. We reviewed the records of 3913 patients with initial prostate-specific antigen （PSA） levels ranging from 4 to 10 ng ml^-1 who underwent TRUS-guided prostate biopsy between April 2006 and May 2014. NLR was calculated by prebiopsy neutrophil and lymphocyte counts. We excluded patients who had evidence of acute prostatitis, a history of prostate surgery, and any systemic inflammatory disease. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze prostate cancer detection. After adjusting for confounding factors, predictive values were determined according to the receiver operating characteristic-derived area under the curve, both including and excluding the NLR variable. In univariate analyses, NLR was a significant predictor of prostate cancer detection （P 〈 0.001）. In multivariate analyses, a higher NLR was significantly associated with prostate cancer detection after adjusting for other factors （OR = 1.372, P = 0.038）. The addition of NLR increased the accuracy from 0.712 to 0,725 （P = 0.005） in the multivariate model for prostate cancer detection. NLR may be a potentially useful clinical marker in the detection of prostate cancer among men with a PSA level in the 4-10 ng ml^-1 range. These findings are derived from a retrospective analysis and should be validated in larger populations through prospective studies.

关键词： inflammation lymphocyte neutrophil prostate biopsy prostate cancer

Contemporary trends in radical prostatectomy and predictors of recovery of urinary continence in men aged over 70 years:comparisons between cohorts aged over 70 and less than 70 years

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2020年第3期22卷 280-286页

作者： Young Ju Lee Jin-Woo Jung Sangchul Lee Sang Wook Lee Jeong Hyun Kim sung kyu hong Seok-Soo Byun Sang Eun Lee Seong Jin Jeong Departme nt of Urology Seoul National University Bundang HospitalSeongnam 13620Korea Department of Urology Catholic Kwan dong Univerisity International St.Mary's HospitalIncheon 22711Korea Department of Urology Kangwon National University School of MedicineChuncheon 24341Korea.

We evaluated contemporary trends in radical prostatectomy(RP)in men aged>70 years and investigated associations of selected variables with recovery of urinary continence(UC)in two age groups:>70 and70 years[n=610]vs70 years gradually increased up to 30.0%,and the rate of robot-assisted RP and neurovascular bundle(NVB)saving increased continually to 80.0%and 67.4%of older patients,*** the rate of recovery of UC within 12 months(3 months)in patients aged>70 years was lower than that in those aged S70 years(81.5%[52.6%]vs 88.6%[60.9%],respectively;both P70 ***,unlike younger patients,only variables(age and MUL),possibly associated with the inhere nt fun ction of the urinary sphi ncter,were predictors of recovery of UC in patients aged>70 years.

关键词： elderly predictor prostate cancer radical prostatectomy urinary incontinence

Younger patients have poorer biochemical outcome after radical prostatectomy in high-risk prostate cancer

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2011年第5期13卷 719-723页

作者： sung kyu hong Jung Soo Nam Woong Na Jong Jin Oh Cheol Yong Yoon Chang Wook Jeong Hyun June Kim Seok-Soo Byun Sang Eun Lee Department of Urology Seoul National University Bundang Hospital Seongnam Kyunggi-do 463-707 Korea

The aim of this study was to investigate the prognostic significance of patient age with respect to tumour aggressiveness in men who underwent radical prostatectomy （RP） for prostate cancer. In this study, we reviewed the records of 743 patients who received RP without neoadjuvant or adjuvant therapy at our institution and were followed up for 〉2 years postoperatively. For our analyses, the patients were divided into two groups according to age： younger （〈60 years） and older （≥ 60 years）. Through uni- and multivariate analyses, associations of various clinicopathological parameters, including biochemical recurrence-free survival, with patient age, were evaluated among all patients, and the patients were stratified according to their D＇Amico risk classification. Among all subjects, younger （n= 126） and older （n=617） patients showed no significant differences regarding pathological parameters and biochemical recurrence-free survival （P=0.288）. For the high-risk group （n= 206）, younger patients had a lower rate of biochemical recurrence-free survival following surgery than older patients （P=0.017）, despite the fact that no significant differences were observed regarding various known prognostic parameters between the two age groups. In addition, multivariate analysis revealed that age was an independent predictor of biochemical recurrence-free survival among the high-risk group （P=O.O03）. Our results showed that relatively younger patients have a comparable biochemical outcome compared with their older counterparts following RP performed for prostate cancer. However, among patients with high-risk disease, younger patients have a worse biochemical outcome following RP compared with older patients.

关键词： age factors biochemical outcome prostate prostatic neoplasms prostatectomy

The prognostic significance of percentage of tumour involvement according to disease risk group in men treated with radical prostatectomy

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2011年第6期13卷 828-832页

作者： Jong Jin Oh Sang Cheol Lee Chang Wook Jeong Cheol Yong Yoon Seong Jin Jeong sung kyu hong Seok-Soo Byun Yoon Kwan Rho Gheeyoung Choe Sang Eun Lee Department of Urology Seoul National University Bundang Hospital Seongnam Kyunggi-do 463-707 Korea Department of Pathology Seoul National University Bundang Hospital Seongnam Kyunggi-do 463-707 Korea

We investigated the prognostic significance of percentage of tumour involvement （PTI） according to the clinicopathological features of prostate cancer among patients who underwent radical prostatectomy （RP）. A retrospective study of 534 patients who underwent RP between September 2003 and March 2008 without any neoadjuvant or adjuvant therapy was performed. The associations of PTI with various clinicopathological features and biochemical recurrence-free survival were examined via uni- and multivariate analyses. The predictive accuracy of the multivariate model was assessed with a receiver operating characteristics-derived area under the curve. PTI was demonstrated to be significantly associated with preoperative prostate-specific antigen （PSA） level （P=0.001）, pathological Gleason score （P〈0.001）, extraprostatic tumour extension （P〈0.001）, seminal vesicle invasion （P〈0.001） and positive surgical margin （P〈0.001） in univariate analyses. When patients were stratified into disease risk groups, PTI was an independent predictor of biochemical recurrence-free survival in multivariate analysis only among the low-risk group （P=0.033） but not the intermediate- （P=0.287） or the high-risk groups （P=0.828）. The addition of the PTI did not significantly increase the accuracy of the multivariate model devised for the prediction of biochemical recurrence-free survival among both total patients （P=-0.459） and the low-risk group （P=0.268）, respectively. In conclusion, although PTI appeared to be a more significant prognostic factor among patients with low-risk disease than among those with higher risk diseases, overall, the PTI may not provide additional prognostic information beyond what can already be obtained via established prognostic factors.

关键词： biochemical recurrence-free survival percentage of tumour involvement prognosis prostate cancer prostatectomy

Serum measurements of testosterone, insulin-like growth factor 1, and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 in the diagnosis of prostate cancer among Korean men

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2008年第2期10卷 207-213页

作者： sung kyu hong Byung kyu Hart Jae Seung Jeong Seong Jin Jeong Ki Hyuk Moon Seok Soo Byun Sang Eun Lee Department of Urology Seoul National University Bundang Hospital Seongnam 463-707 Korea

Aim： To investigate the relationships of serum testosterone, insulin-like growth factor （IGF）- 1 and IGF-binding protein （IGFBP）-3 levels with prostate cancer risk and also with known prognostic parameters of prostate cancer in Korean men who received radical retropubic prostatectomy （RRP） for clinically-localized prostate cancer. Methods： Serum levels of total testosterone, free testosterone, IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 were determined in 592 patients who subsequently received prostate biopsy. Results were compared between patients who eventually received RRP for prostate cancer （n = 159） and those who were not diagnosed with prostate cancer from biopsy （control group, n = 433）. Among the prostate cancer only patients, serum hormonal levels obtained were analyzed in relation to serum prostate specific antigen （PSA）, pathological T stage and pathological Gleason score. Results： Prostate cancer patients and the control group demon- strated no significant differences regarding serum levels of total testosterone, free testosterone, IGF-I and IGFBP-3 across the different age groups. Among the cancer only patients, no significant associations were observed for serum levels of total testosterone, free testosterone, IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 levels with pathological T stage, pathological Oleason score and preoperative PSA. Conclusion： Our data indicate that simple quantifications of serum testosterone and IGF-1 along with IGFBP-3 levels might not provide useful clinical information in the diagnosis of clinically localized prostate cancer in Korean men. Also, our results suggest that serum levels of testosterone, IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 might not be significantly associated with known prognostic factors of clinically localized prostate cancer in Korean men. （Asian J Androl 2008 Mar; 10： 207-213）

关键词： prostate prostate cancer testosterone insulin-like growth factor insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-3

Regulation of sleep by astrocytes in the hypothalamic ventrolateral preoptic nucleus

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1098-1100页

作者： Jae-hong Kim Ruqayya Afridi Il-sung Jang Maan Gee Lee Kyoungho Suk Brain Korea 21 four KNU Convergence Educational Program of Biomedical Sciences for Creative Future Talents School of MedicineKyungpook National UniversityDaeguRepublic of Korea Department of Pharmacology School of MedicineKyungpook National UniversityDaeguRepublic of Korea Department of Pharmacology School of DentistryKyungpook National UniversityDaeguRepublic of Korea Brain Science&Engineering Institute Kyungpook National UniversityDaeguRepublic of Korea

Astrocytes are functionally dynamic cells that support neurons in multiple ways throughout an organism’s *** astrocytic regulation of neuronal activity has been increasingly recognized in recent *** are now recognized as playing a more complex role than mere bystanders in the central nervous ***,their role in regulating the sleep neurocircuitry is not well *** this perspective,we highlight the role of astrocytes in sleep modulation,with a particular focus on regulatory mechanisms related to the ventrolateral preoptic nucleus(VLPO)of the *** briefly discuss recent literature reporting the role of VLPO astrocytes in regulating sleep-associated behaviors.

关键词： sleep ventrolateral astrocytes

Factors associated with axial length elongation in high myopia in adults

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2021年第8期14卷 1231-1236页

作者： hong kyu Kim sung Soo Kim Department of Ophthalmology Dankook University HospitalDankook University College of MedicineCheonan 31116Republic of Korea Yonsei University Graduate School of Medicine Seoul 03722Republic of Korea Department of Ophthalmology Severance HospitalInstitute of Vision ResearchYonsei University College of MedicineSeoul 03722Republic of Korea

AIM:To investigate the association of axial length(AL)and ocular factors on AL ***:A retrospective chart review of patients who underwent two or more AL examinations for more than two *** 4 groups were divided according to initial AL(<24 mm,24-26 mm,26-28 mm,≥28 mm).Initial fundus photograph was used to find risk factors associated AL ***:The mean age of the patients was 47.21±7.79 *** remained almost unchanged in the groups with AL<24 mm and 24≤AL<26 *** the contrary,AL increased by 0.011 mm/y in the group with 26≤AL<28 mm and 0.035 mm/y in the group with AL≥28 mm(P<0.001).In high myopia,AL elongation increased in eye with longer AL(r=0.003,P=0.024),female gender(r=0.014,P=0.019),eye with larger peripapillary chorioretinal atrophic area(r=0.002,P=0.019),and smaller vascular arcade angle(r=-0.004,P=0.006).The risk of elongation 0.03 mm/y in high myopia was increased in female gender(P=0.040),and gradually increased in eye with large peripapillary chorioretinal atrophy area(P<0.01).CONCLUSION:AL elongate significantly in the eye with longer AL,female gender,and the eye with larger atrophic area and smaller arcade angle on fundus photography.

关键词： axial length elongation fundus photography high myopia myopic complication