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COVID-19 and comorbidities of hepatic diseases in a global perspective

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第13期27卷 1296-1310页

作者： Aqsa Ahmad Syeda Momna Ishtiaq Junaid ali Khan Rizwan Aslam sultan ali Muhammad Imran Arshad Institute of Microbiology University of Agriculture FaisalabadFaisalabad 38040PunjabPakistan Institute of Physiology and Pharmacology University of Agriculture FaisalabadFaisalabad 38040PunjabPakistan

The worldwide outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) has challenged the priorities of healthcare system in terms of different clinical management and infection transmission, particularly those related to hepatic-disease comorbidities. Epidemiological data evidenced that COVID-19 patients with altered liver function because of hepatitis infection and cholestasis have an adverse prognosis and experience worse health outcomes. COVID-19-associated liver injury is correlated with various liver diseases following a severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus type 2(SARS-CoV-2) infection that can progress during the treatment of COVID-19 patients with or without pre-existing liver disease. SARS-CoV-2 can induce liver injury in a number of ways including direct cytopathic effect of the virus on cholangiocytes/hepatocytes, immune-mediated damage, hypoxia, and sepsis. Indeed, immediate cytopathogenic effects of SARSCoV-2 via its potential target, the angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 receptor, which is highly expressed in hepatocytes and cholangiocytes, renders the liver as an extra-respiratory organ with increased susceptibility to pathological outcomes. But, underlying COVID-19-linked liver disease pathogenesis with abnormal liver function tests(LFTs) is incompletely understood. Hence, we collated COVID-19-associated liver injuries with increased LFTs at the nexus of pre-existing liver diseases and COVID-19, and defining a plausible pathophysiological triad of COVID-19, hepatocellular damage, and liver disease. This review summarizes recent findings of the exacerbating role of COVID-19 in pre-existing liver disease and vice versa as well as international guidelines of clinical care, management, and treatment recommendations for COVID-19 patients with liver disease.

关键词： Liver disease COVID-19 Pathophysiology Epidemiology Prophylaxis

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Improving Quantitative and Qualitative Characteristics of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) through Nitrogen Application under Semiarid Conditions

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2023年第4期92卷 1001-1017页

作者： Muhammad Rafiq Muhammad Saqib Husnain Jawad Talha Javed Sadam Hussain Muhammad Arif Baber ali Muhammad sultan ali Bazmi Ghulam Abbas Marjan Aziz Mohammad Khalid Al-Sadoon Aneela Gulnaz Sobhi F.Lamlom Muhammad Azeem Sabir Jameel Akhtar Agronomic Research Institute Ayub Agricultural Research InstituteFaisalabad38850Pakistan Depertment of Agronomy University of AgricultureFaisalabad38040Pakistan Department of Agronomy Northwest A&F UniversityYangling712100China Department of Plant Sciences Quaid-i-Azam UniversityIslamabad45320Pakistan Fodder Research Institute Sargodha Sargodha40100Pakistan Department of Agricultural Engineering Barani Agricultural Research InstituteChakwal48800Pakistan Department of Zoology College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11451Saudi Arabia Department of Biotechnology Yeungnam UniversityGyeongbuk38641Korea Plant Production Department Faculty of Agriculture Saba BashaAlexandria UniversityAlexandria21531Egypt Department of Forestry Range and Wildlife ManagementThe Islamia University of BahawalpurBahawalpur63100Pakistan

Nitrogen(N),the building block of plant proteins and enzymes,is an essential macronutrient for plant functions.A field experiment was conducted to investigate the impact of different N application rates(28,57,85,114,142,171,and 200 kg ha^(−1))on the performance of spring wheat(***-2016)during the 2017–2018 and 2018–2019 growing seasons.A control without N application was kept for *** years mean data showed optimum seed yield(5,461.3 kg ha^(−1))for N-application at 142 kg ha^(−1) whereas application of lower and higher rates of N did not result in significant and economically higher seed yield.A higher seed yield was obtained in the 2017–2018(5,595 kg ha^(−1))than in the 2018–2019(5,328 kg ha^(−1))growing seasons under an N application of 142 kg ha^(−1).It was attributed to the greater number of growing degree days in the first(1,942.35°C days)than in the second year(1,813.75°C).Higher rates of N(171 and 200 kg ha^(−1))than 142 kg ha^(−1) produced more number of tillers(i.e.,948,300 and 666,650 ha^(−1),respectively).However,this increase did not contribute in achieving higher *** of 142,171,and 200 kg ha^(−1) resulted in 14.15%,15.0%and 15.35%grain protein concentrations in comparison to 13.15%with the application of 114 kg ha^(−1).It is concluded that the application of N at 142 kg ha^(−1) could be beneficial for attaining higher grain yields and protein concentrations of wheat cultivar Ujala-2016.

关键词： Economical yield growing degree days nitrogen Ujala-2016 wheat

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Clinical Practice Guideline for the Management of Overweight and Obesity in Adults in Saudi Arabia

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International Journal of Clinical Medicine 2022年第12期13卷 590-649页

作者： Abdulrahman Alshaikh Ahmed Aljedai Assim Alfadda Abdulrahman Alrobayan Abdulwahab Bawahab Shaza Abou Ouf ali sultan Amani Alhozali Mohammed Bawazeer Eman Sheshah Fahad Alqahtani Hala Mosli Hussein Elbadawi Khaled Alamri Khalid Alshali Mohammed Aldawish Mohammed Alsofiani Raed Aldahash Rasha Alfawaz Reem Alamoudi Wessam Jamal Hajer Almudaiheem Emad R. Issak Saud Alsifri King Abdulaziz University Hospital Jeddah Saudi Arabia Ministry of Health Riyadh Saudi Arabia King Saud University Medical City Riyadh Saudi Arabia Prince sultan Military Medical City Riyadh Saudi Arabia King Fahad General Hospital Jeddah Saudi Arabia International Medical Center Jeddah Saudi Arabia King Salman Hospital Riyadh Saudi Arabia King Fahad Medical Center Riyadh Saudi Arabia My Clinic Medical Center Jeddah Saudi Arabia King Abdulaziz Medical City Riyadh Saudi Arabia Saudi Centre for Disease Prevention and Control Riyadh Saudi Arabia Aslam Center Cairo Egypt Al Hada Armed Forces Hospital Taif Saudi Arabia

Obesity and overweight are prevalent in Saudi Arabia (24.95% & 31.80%). Also, childhood obesity in the country is a challenge, with 6% - 10% of preschool and school-age children. The burden of being overweight and obese is disastrous. Therefore, the Saudi Diabetes Scientific Society constituted a team to develop a guideline. The team reviewed the local Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Prevention and Management of Obesity in Saudi Arabia;and conducted a rigorous review of relevant evidence-based scientific literature. After a thorough assessment, a consensus was reached to use the Australian guideline as the main guideline to be adapted and localized to be suitable for the Saudi people. To avoid duplication of efforts, the team adopted the grading of evidence used by the Australian guideline. The updated version was presented in a workshop, and the recommendation of the participants was included. The final draft was distributed for review, and comments were included. This document presents the result of such an effort as a local guideline.

关键词： Obesity Overweight Disease Burden Management Guideline Saudi Arabia

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The effect of different initial densities of nematode (Meloidogyne javanica) on the build-up of Pasteuria penetrans population

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2005年第2期6卷 113-118页

作者： DARBAN Daim ali PATHAN Mumtaz ali BHATTI Abdul Ghaffar MAITELO sultan Ahmed Faculty of Crop Proctection Faculty of Crop ProctectionFaculty of Crop ProctectionFaculty of Crop Proctection Sindh Agriculture University Tandojam Pakistan Sindh Agriculture University Tandojam Pakistan Sindh Agriculture University Tandojam Pakistan Sindh Agriculture University Tandojam Pakistan

Pasteuria penetrans will build-up faster where there is a high initial nematode density and can suppress root-knot nematode populations in the roots of tomato plants. The effect of different initial densities of nematode (Meloidogyne javanica)(150, 750, 1500, 3000) and P. penetrans infected females (F1, F3) densities (F0=control and AC=absolute control without nematode or P. penetrans inoculum) on the build-up of Pasteuria population was investigated over four crop cycles. Two major points of interest were highlighted. First, that within a confined soil volume, densities of P. penetrans can increase >100 times within 2 or 3 crop cycles. Second, from a relatively small amount of spore inoculum, infection of the host is very high. There were more infected females in the higher P. penetrans doses. The root growth data confirms the greater number of females in the controls particularly at the higher inoculum densities in the third and fourth crops. P. penetrans generally caused the fresh root weights to be higher than those in the control. P. penetrans has shown greater reduction of egg masses per plant at most *** effects of different initial densities of M. javanica and P. penetrans on the development of the pest and parasite populations were monitored. And no attempt was made to return the P. penetrans spores to the pots after each crop so the build-up in actual numbers of infected females and spores under natural conditions may be underestimated.

关键词： Pasteuria penetrans Meloidogyne javanica Densities Population build-up

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Navigating Interoperability in Disaster Management:Insights of Current Trends and Challenges in Saudi Arabia

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2023年第6期14卷 873-885页

作者： Zakaria Ahmed Mani Mohammed ali Salem sultan Virginia Plummer Krzysztof Goniewicz College of Nursing Jazan University45142 JazanSaudi Arabia Healthcare Transformation Model of CareRegional Health Directorate 66255 NajranSaudi Arabia 3 Institute of Health and Care SciencesSahlgrenska AcademyGothenburg University40530 GothenburgSweden Institute of Health and Wellbeing Federation University AustraliaBerwick 3806Australia Department of Security Studies Polish Air Force University08-521 DeblinPoland

In this rapid review,we critically scrutinize the disaster management infrastructure in Saudi Arabia,illuminating pivotal issues of interoperability,global cooperation,established procedures,community readiness,and the integration of cuttingedge *** exploration uncovers a significant convergence with international benchmarks,while pinpointing areas primed for *** recognize that continual commitments to infrastructural progression and technology adoption are ***,we underscore the value of robust community involvement and cross-border collaborations as key factors in bolstering disaster response ***,we spotlight the transformative influence of emerging technologies,such as artificial intelligence and the Internet of Things,in elevating the effectiveness of disaster management *** review champions in all-encompassing approach to disaster management,which entails harnessing innovative technologies,nurturing resilient communities,and promoting comprehensive disaster management strategies,encapsulating planning,preparedness,response,and *** a result of our analysis,we provide actionable recommendations to advance Saudi Arabia's disaster management *** insights are timely and crucial,considering the escalating global focus on disaster response in the face of increasing disaster and humanitarian events.

关键词： Community preparedness Cooperation Disaster management Emergency response Healthcare Interoperability

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Updates in vaccination:Recommendations for adult inflammatory bowel disease patients

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第11期21卷 3184-3196页

作者： Khadija Chaudrey Michelle Salvaggio Aftab Ahmed sultan Mahmood Tauseef ali Department of Medicine Section of GastroenterologyOklahoma University Health Sciences Center Department of Medicine Section of Infectious DiseasesOklahoma University Health Sciences Center Department of Internal Medicine Oklahoma University Health Sciences Center Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center Oklahoma University Physicians

Treatment regimens for inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) incorporate the use of a variety of immunosuppressive agents that increase the risk of *** of many of these infections can be achieved by the timely and judicious use of *** patients tend to be *** of the contributing factors are lack of awareness regarding the significance of vaccinating IBD patients,misperception about safety of vaccinations in immunocompromised patients,ambiguity about the perceived role of the gastroenterologist in contrast to the primary care physician and unavailability of vaccination guidelines focused on IBD *** general,immunocompetent IBD patients can be vaccinated using standard vaccination *** there are special considerations for IBD patients receiving immunosuppressive therapy,IBD travelers and pregnant women with *** review discusses current vaccination recommendations with updates for adult IBD *** for Disease Control and Prevention 2013 vaccination guidelines with 2014 updates and the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices recommendations have been highlighted as a primary source of recommendations.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Vaccination Immunocompr

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Opposite Modulatory Effects of Crataegus aronia Aqueous Extract on Platelet Aggregation in Rats

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2021年第9期27卷 696-704页

作者： Abdullah S.Shatoor ali Shati S.Al Humayed sultan AL-Qahtani Mahmoud Alkhateeb Department of Medicine Cardiology SectionCollege of MedicineKing Khalid UniversityAbha(64121)Saudi Arabia Department of Biology College of ScienceCollege of MedicineKing Khalid UniversityAbha(64121)Saudi Arabia Department of Physiology College of MedicineKing Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health SciencesRiyadh(11481)Saudi Arabia

Objectives:To reveal the mechanisms behind the dual effects of Crataegus aronia(***)aqueous extract on platelet aggregation by focusing on function,regulation,expression,and signaling of platelets P_(2)Y_(12)***:Adult male Wistar rats(120±10 g)were classified as control received the vehicle,***(200 mg/kg),and ***(2,000 mg/kg)-treated *** treatments for consecutive 7 days,hematological and molecular experiments were conducted to detect alterations in platelet aggregation,thromboxane B2(THXB2)and intracellular reactive oxygen species(ROS)content;protein levels of P_(2)Y_(12),p-Akt,cyclic adenosine monophosphate(c AMP),phosphorylated vasodilator-stimulated-phosphoprotein(p-VASP),nuclear factorκB(NF-κB),P-selectin,*** platelets were determined by Western blot;m RNA expressions of P_(2)Y_(12)and some inflammatory markers were determined by real-time polymerase chain ***:At a concentration of 200 mg/kg,*** inhibited platelet aggregation through multiple interconnected mechanisms including downregulation P_(2)Y_(12)synthesis and expression,stimulating intracellular cAMP levels and protein levels of p-VASP,inhibiting platelets THXB2 release and protein levels of ***,it inhibited platelets level of ROS and of NF-κB,a major signaling pathway that stimulates the expression of P_(2)Y_(12)and THXA2 *** findings were seen in platelets of rats received *** at a concentration of 2,000 mg/***,co-administration of N-acetylcysteine prevented all hematological and molecular alterations exerted by the high dose of the extract and inhibited platelet ***:Oral administration of *** at low dose inhibits platelet aggregation by reducing THXB2 release,expression of P-selectin and activating c AMP and Akt signaling through two major mechanisms including downregulation of P_(2)Y_(12)and inhibition of ROS-induced activation of NF-κB,an effect that is observed to be in the

关键词： Crataegus aronia platelets aggregation P_(2)Y_(12) Intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate reactive oxygen species nuclear factorκB

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Disaster Collaborative Exercises for Healthcare Teamwork in a Saudi Context

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2023年第2期14卷 183-193页

作者： Mohammed ali Salem sultan Amir Khorram-Manesh Jarle Lφwe Sφrensen Johan Berlin Eric Carlstrōm Model of Care Healthcare TransformationRegional Health DirectorateNajran66255Saudi Arabia Institute of Health and Care Sciences Sahlgrenska AcademyGothenburg University40530GothenburgSweden Institute of Clinical Sciences Sahlgrenska AcademyGothenburg University40530GothenburgSweden Gothenburg Emergency Medicine Research Group(GEMREG) Sahlgrenska Academy41345GothenburgSweden USN School of Business University of South-Eastern Norway3199BorreNorway Department of Social and Behavioural Studies University West46186TrolhättanSweden

This study aimed to evaluate the development of healthcare teamwork during and after the collaboration tabletop exercises,through observation and interview *** and maturity theoretical models were employed to explain the collaborative challenges in teams that may suffer from unequally distributed power,hierarchies,and *** three-level collaboration tabletop exercises and the Command and control,Safety,Communication,Assessment,Treatment,Triage,Transport(CSCATTT)instrument,100 healthcare workers were observed during each step in the implementation of the CSCATTT instrument using two simulated *** results show a lack of integration and team maturity among participants in the first scenario,leading to the delayed start of the activity,task distribution,and decision *** shortcomings were improved in the second ***-depth interviews with 20 participants in the second phase of the study revealed improved knowledge and practical skills,self-confidence,and ability in team building within trans-professional groups in the second scenario,which in concordance with the integration theory,was due to the attempts made in the first ***,there was an improvement in the team’s maturity,which in concordance with the maturity theory,was due to the knowledge and practical skills during scenario *** results indicate the importance of continuous tabletop training,and the use of CSCATTT as a collaborative instrument,to promote the development of collaboration and to test the concept of preparedness.

关键词： Collaboration exercises Disaster education Emergency management Healthcare personnel training Saudi Arabia Teamwork

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Automated File Labeling for Heterogeneous Files Organization Using Machine Learning

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第2期74卷 3263-3278页

作者： Sagheer Abbas Syed ali Raza MAKhan Muhammad Adnan Khan Atta-ur-Rahman Kiran sultan Amir Mosavi School of Computer Science National College of Business Administration&EconomicsLahore54000Pakistan Department of Computer Science GC University LahorePakistan Riphah School of Computing&Innovation Faculty of ComputingRiphah International UniversityLahore CampusLahore54000Pakistan Department of Software Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning LabGachon UniversitySeongnam13120Korea Department of Computer Science College of Computer Science and Information Technology(CCSIT)Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University(IAU)P.O.Box 1982Dammam31441Saudi Arabia Department of CIT The Applied CollegeKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah31261Saudi Arabia John von Neumann Faculty of Informatics Obuda UniversityBudapest1034Hungary Institute of Information Engineering Automation and MathematicsSlovak University of Technology in BratislavaBratislava81107Slovakia Faculty of Civil Engineering TU-DresdenDresden01062Germany

File labeling techniques have a long history in analyzing the anthological trends in computational *** situation becomes worse in the case of files downloaded into systems from the ***,most users either have to change file names manually or leave a meaningless name of the files,which increases the time to search required files and results in redundancy and duplications of user ***,no significant work is done on automated file labeling during the organization of heterogeneous user files.A few attempts have been made in topic ***,one major drawback of current topic modeling approaches is better *** rely on specific language types and domain similarity of the *** this research,machine learning approaches have been employed to analyze and extract the information from heterogeneous corpus.A different file labeling technique has also been used to get the meaningful and`cohesive topic of the *** results show that the proposed methodology can generate relevant and context-sensitive names for heterogeneous data files and provide additional insight into automated file labeling in operating systems.

关键词： Automated file labeling file organization machine learning topic modeling

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Impact of Virtual Disaster Collaboration Exercises on Disaster Leadership at Hospitals in Saudi Arabia

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2021年第6期12卷 879-889页

作者： Mohammed ali Salem sultan Amir Khorram-Manesh Eric Carlström Johan Berlin Jarle Løwe Sørensen Healthcare Transformation Model of CareRegional Health DirectorateNajran 66255Saudi Arabia Institute of Health and Care Sciences Sahlgrenska AcademyGothenburg University40530 GothenburgSweden Institute of Clinical Sciences Sahlgrenska AcademyGothenburg University40530 GothenburgSweden Department of Research and Development Swedish Armed Forces Centre for Defence Medicine42676 Gothenburg Sweden Gothenburg Emergency Medicine Research Group(GEMREG) Sahlgrenska Academy41345 GothenburgSweden USN School of Business Campus VestfoldUniversity of South-Eastern Norway3603 KongsbergNorway Department of Social and Behavioural StudiesUniversity West46186 TrolhattanSweden

This study measured the impact of virtual three-level collaboration (3LC) exercises on participants’ perceived levels of collaboration, learning, and utility (CLU) at hospitals in the southern region of Saudi Arabia. Our 3LC exercise is a tabletop training tool used to facilitate disaster education and document CLU. This model enables the practitioner to acquire new knowledge and promotes active learning. An English version of the CLU scale, the validated Swedish survey tool, was applied to 100 healthcare managers or leaders in various positions at both the operational and tactical levels after conducting the 3LC exercises. The response rate was 100%, although not all questions were answered in some cases. The results show that most participants strongly agreed that the exercises focused on collaboration (r^(2) = 0.767) and that they had acquired new knowledge during the exercises. There was a statistically significant association between participation in the collaboration exercises and perceived learning (r^(2) = 0.793), as well as between perceived learning and utility (r^(2) = 0.811). The collaboration exercises enhance the perceived effects of CLU. They also improve the ability of participants to adapt situational strategies to achieve a safer society. Although exercises were conducted virtually, they were well received by the participants and achieved a value M = 4.4 CLU score, which opens up new dimensions in collaboration simulation exercises.

关键词： Collaboration exercises Disaster education Emergency management Healthcare personnel training Saudi Arabia

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