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The cross-cutting contribution of the end of neglected tropical diseases to the sustainable development goals

Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2017年第1期6卷 634-653页

作者： Mathieu Bangert David H.Molyneux steve w.lindsay Christopher Fitzpatrick Dirk Engels Department of Control of Neglected Tropical Diseases World Health Organization20 Avenue Appia1211 GenevaSwitzerland Department of Parasitology Liverpool School of Tropical MedicineLiverpoolUK Department of Biosciences Durham UniversityDurhamUK

The Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)call for an integrated response,the kind that has defined Neglected Tropical Diseases(NTDs)efforts in the past *** interventions have the greatest relevance for SDG3,the health goal,where the focus on equity,and its commitment to reaching people in need of health services,wherever they may live and whatever their circumstances,is fundamentally aligned with the target of Universal Health *** interventions,however,also affect and are affected by many of the other development areas covered under the 2030 *** such as mass drug administration or the programmatic integration of NTD and wASH activities(SDG6)are driven by effective global partnerships(SDG17).Intervention against the NTDs can also have an impact on poverty(SDG1)and hunger(SDG2),can improve education(SDG4),work and economic growth(SDG8),thereby reducing inequalities(SDG10).The community-led distribution of donated medicines to more than 1 billion people reinforces women’s empowerment(SDG5),logistics infrastructure(SDG9)and non-discrimination against disability(SDG16).Interventions to curb mosquito-borne NTDs contribute to the goals of urban sustainability(SDG11)and resilience to climate change(SDG13),while the safe use of insecticides supports the goal of sustainable ecosystems(SDG15).Although indirectly,interventions to control waterand animal-related NTDs can facilitate the goals of small-scale fishing(SDG14)and sustainable hydroelectricity and biofuels(SDG7).NTDs proliferate in less developed areas in countries across the income spectrum,areas where large numbers of people have little or no access to adequate health care,clean water,sanitation,housing,education,transport and *** scoping review assesses how in this context,ending the epidemic of the NTDs can impact and improve our prospects of attaining the SDGs.

关键词： Neglected tropical diseases Sustainable development goals

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why is malaria associated with poverty? Findings from a cohort study in rural Uganda

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2016年第1期5卷 715-725页

作者： Lucy S.Tusting John Rek Emmanuel Arinaitwe Sarah G.Staedke Moses R.Kamya Jorge Cano Christian Bottomley Deborah Johnston Grant Dorsey steve w.lindsay Jo Lines Department of Disease Control London School of Hygiene&Tropical MedicineLondonUK Big Data Institute Nuffield Department of MedicineUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK Infectious Diseases Research Collaboration KampalaUganda Department of Clinical Research London School of Hygiene and Tropical MedicineLondonUK School of Medicine Makerere University College of Health SciencesKampalaUganda MRC Tropical Epidemiology Group London School of Hygiene and Tropical MedicineLondonUK Department of Economics SOASUniversity of LondonLondonUK Department of Medicine University of CaliforniaSan FranciscoUSA School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences Durham UniversityDurhamUK

Background:Malaria control and sustainable development are linked,but implementation of‘multisectoral’intervention is restricted by a limited understanding of the causal pathways between poverty and *** investigated the relationships between socioeconomic position(SEP),potential determinants of SEP,and malaria in Nagongera,rural ***:Socioeconomic information was collected for 318 children aged six months to 10 years living in 100 households,who were followed for up to 36 *** density was recorded using monthly light trap *** prevalence was measured routinely every three months and malaria incidence determined by passive case ***,we evaluated the association between success in smallholder agriculture(the primary livelihood source)and ***,we explored socioeconomic risk factors for human biting rate(HBR),parasite prevalence and incidence of clinical malaria,and spatial clustering of socioeconomic ***,we investigated the role of selected factors in mediating the association between SEP and ***:Relative agricultural success was associated with higher *** turn,high SEP was associated with lower HBR(highest versus lowest wealth index tertile:Incidence Rate Ratio 0.71,95%confidence intervals(CI)0.54–0.93,P=0.01)and lower odds of malaria infection in children(highest versus lowest wealth index tertile:adjusted Odds Ratio 0.52,95%CI 0.35–0.78,P=0.001),but SEP was not associated with clinical malaria *** analysis suggested that part of the total effect of SEP on malaria infection risk was explained by house type(24.9%,95%CI 15.8–58.6%)and food security(18.6%,95%CI 11.6–48.3%);however,the assumptions of the mediation analysis may not have been fully ***:Housing improvements and agricultural development interventions to reduce poverty merit further investigation as multisectoral interventions against *** interdisplinary research is needed to understa

关键词： Malaria Socioeconomic Poverty Development Housing wealth index Uganda

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Nontargeted identification of peptides and disinfection byproducts in water

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2016年第4期28卷 259-266页

作者： Yanan Tang Ying Xu Feng Li lindsay Jmaiff steve E.Hrudey Xing-Fang Li Division of Analytical and Environmental Toxicology Department of Laboratory Medicine and PathologyUniversity of Alberta Department of Computer Science University of Alberta

A broad range of organic compounds are known to exist in drinking water sources and serve as precursors of disinfection byproducts（DBPs）.Epidemiological findings of an association of increased risk of bladder cancer with the consumption of chlorinated water has resulted in health concerns about *** are thought to be an important category of DBP precursors in ***,little is known about the actual presence of peptides and their DBPs in drinking water because of their high sample complexity and low *** address this challenge and identify peptides and non-chlorinated/chlorinated peptide DBPs from large sets of organic compounds in water,we developed a novel high throughput analysis strategy,which integrated multiple solid phase extraction（SPE）,high performance liquid chromatography（HPLC）separation,and non-target identification using precursor ion exclusion（PIE）high resolution mass spectrometry（MS）.After MS analysis,structures of candidate compounds,particularly peptides,were obtained by searching against the Human Metabolome Database（HMDB）.Using this strategy,we successfully detected 625 peptides（out of 17,205 putative compounds）and 617 peptides（out of 13,297）respectively in source and finished water *** source and finished water samples had 501 peptides and amino acids in *** remaining 116 peptides and amino acids were unique to the finished *** a subset of 30 putative compounds for which standards were available,25 were confirmed using HPLC-MS *** analyzing the peptides identified in source and finished water,we successfully confirmed three disinfection reaction pathways that convert peptides into toxic DBPs.

关键词： Nontargeted detection water analysis Mass spectrometry Peptide Disinfection byproducts

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Digital neuromorphic technology: current and future prospects

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National Science Review 2024年第5期11卷 10-11页

作者： steve Furber Department of Computer Science The University of Manchester

Neuromorphic technology has diversified considerably from its origins in the seminal work by Carver Mead and his group at Caltech in the 1980s [1]. That early work focussed on the analogy between the equations describing the flow of ions in biological neurons and the equations describing the flow of carriers in field-effect transistors operating in the subthreshold region.

关键词： technology current future digital neuromorphic prospects

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Modern Black Sea oceanography applied to the end-Permian extinction event

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2015年第1期4卷 52-62页

作者： steve Kershaw Institute for the Environment Health and Societies Brunel UniversityKingston LaneUxbridge Middlesex UB8 3PH UK

The modern Black Sea has a mixed upper layer in the top 150-200 m of the water column, below which the water is anoxic, separated from the mixed layer by a redox boundary. There is limited vertical movement of water. Pyrite framboids form in the water column of the anoxic zone, then have been traditionally interpreted to sink immediately and accumulate in the sediments of the Black Sea. Thus the occurrence of framboids in sediments in the rock record is widely interpreted to indicate poorly oxygenated to anoxic conditions in ancient environments. However, in the Permian-Triassic boundary （PTB） microbialites of South China, which formed in shallow marine conditions in contact with the atmosphere, the published occurrence of framboids is inconsistent with abundant gastropod and ostracod shells in the microbialite. Furthermore, in the modern Black Sea, （a） framboids may be suspended, attached to organic matter in the water column, thus not settle to the sea floor immediately after formation; and （b） the redox zone is an unstable complex area subject to rapid vertical water movement including occasional upwelling. The model presented here supposes that upwelling through the redox zone can lead to upward transport of suspended pyrite framboids into the mixed layer. Advective circulation could then draw suspended framboids onto the shelf to be deposited in oxygenated sediments. In the Permian-Triassic transition, if framboids were upwelled from below the redox boundary and mixed with oxygenated waters, sediment deposited in these conditions could provide a mixed signal for potentially misleading interpretations of low oxygen conditions. However, stratigraphic sampling resolution of post-extinction microbialites is currently insufficient to demonstrate possible separation of framboid-bearing layers from those where framboids are absent. Profound differences between microbialite constructors and sequences between the western and eastern Tethys demonstrate barriers to migra

关键词： mass extinction Permian-Triassic boundary microbialite ostracods gastro-pods anoxia Black Sea

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Improving reflectance estimation by BRDF-consistent region clustering

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2006年第3期16卷 313-320页

作者： LIN steve Beijing 100080 China Visual Computing Group Microsoft Research Asia

Previous studies in reflectance estimation generally require prior segmentation of an image into regions of uniform reflectance. Due to the measurement noise and limited sampling of the BRDF (bi-directional reflectance function) directions, such estimated results of reflectance are not accurate. In this paper, we propose a novel method for reducing uncertainty in reflectance estimates by merging image regions which have consistent reflectance observations. Each image region acts as a reflectance subspace, so merging of the image regions can result in subspace reduction. we propose a Bayesian segmentation framework to decrease the reflectance uncertainty by using novel merging criteria. Finally, a maximum likelihood reflectance estimation is made for each resulting image region. Experimental results verify the feasibility and superiority of this reflectance-oriented region merging method.

关键词： texture shading grouping and segmentation reflectance estimation BRDF uncertainty.

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Quantitative Absolute Continuity of Harmonic Measure and the Dirichlet Problem: A Survey of Recent Progress

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2019年第6期35卷 1011-1026页

作者： steve HOFMANN Department of Mathematics University of Missouri

It is a well-known folklore result that quantitative, scale invariant absolute continuity(more precisely, the weak-A∞ property) of harmonic measure with respect to surface measure, on the boundary of an open set Ω ? R^(n+1) with Ahlfors–David regular boundary, is equivalent to the solvability of the Dirichlet problem in Ω, with data in L^p (?Ω) for some p wing an analogy to the famous wiener criterion, which characterizes the domains in which the classical Dirichlet problem, with continuous boundary data, can be solved, one may seek to characterize the open sets for which L^psolvability holds, thus allowing for singular boundary *** has been known for some time that absolute continuity of harmonic measure is closely tied to rectifiability properties of ?Ω, but also that rectifiability alone is not sufficient to guarantee absolute continuity. In this note, we survey recent progress in this area, culminating in a geometric characterization of the weak-A∞ property, and hence of solvability of the L^p Dirichlet problem for some finite p. This characterization, obtained under rather optimal background hypotheses, follows from a combination of the present author's joint work with Martell, and the work of Azzam, Mourgoglou and Tolsa.

关键词： Harmonic measure Poisson kernel uniform rectifiability weak local John condition big pieces of chord-arc domains Carleson measures

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Underground mine stream crossing assessment:A multi-disciplinary approach

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2021年第1期31卷 59-65页

作者： Kevin Andrews steve Keim Marshall Miller&Associates BluefieldVA 24605USA

Underground mine designs typically try to avoid extraction beneath streams and rivers of any significant size,especially when the overburden rock thickness between the stream bed and the mine is *** issues with mining beneath streams include excessive groundwater inflow to the mine,weak ground(roof,floor,and pillar)conditions,horizontal stress effects,as well as stream loss and other potential adverse environmental ***,there are times when crossing beneath a stream or river is necessary to move into a new area of mineral reserve without creating additional mine access points from the ground ***,stream crossings are completed without thorough assessment,potentially resulting in increased costs,decreased safety,and,in some cases,failure to advance the *** of the most favorable location(s)to cross the stream must account for numerous factors and the associated assessment often requires a multi-disciplinary *** crossing investigations often require geological,hydrogeological,geotechnical,and geophysical *** of stream crossing investigations include desktop evaluation of maps and aerial photography,stream bed observations,drilling,detailed rock core logging,downhole geophysical surveying,hydraulic conductivity testing(packer testing),geotechnical laboratory testing,assessment,and *** deliverables from a stream crossing assessment typically include geological,geotechnical,and hydrogeological characterization of potential stream crossing locations,classification of favorable and unfavorable crossing locations,recommendations for entry design and pillar sizing,and recommendations for if,and how,to conduct pre-grouting *** of technical aspects of data collection and assessment are provided based on decades of industry experience conducting stream crossing assessments in various underground mining scenarios.

关键词： Underground mining Geotechnical Stream-crossing Hydrogeology Characterization

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A novel strategy for processing,production and quality control of an iron-free nutraceutical supplement that rapidly restores iron-dependent hemoglobin in red blood cells

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Food Production, Processing and Nutrition 2020年第1期2卷 258-260页

作者： Debasis Bagchi Bernard w.Downs Manashi Bagchi steve Kushner VNI Inc. LederachPAUSA Texas Southern University College of Pharmacy and Health SciencesHoustonTXUSA Dr.Herbs LLC ConcordCAUSA ALM R&D OldsmarFLUSA

we hypothesize that Iron-Deficiency Anemia(IDA)has been *** the body,low blood iron is not caused by a *** primary cause of low iron,appearing to be IDA,is the expenditure of alkalinizing histidine,from heme protein,which requires the cleavage of iron and its repartitioning to other storage *** an alkaline buffer,histidine is released to counterbalance the increase in an anaerobic hypoxic(*** acidic)blood pH,thereby maintaining a pH of *** research team coined the more accurate term for this pathogenic condition,“Chronic Anemia Syndrome”(CAS).

关键词： Anemia A multi-nutrient nutraceutical VMP35 Hematology Hemoglobin

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A technological breakthrough in developing a state-of-the-art nutraceutical sports nutrition formulation to enhance vitality, mental acuity, vigilance, energy, and stamina

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Food Production, Processing and Nutrition 2022年第1期4卷 69-71页

作者： Debasis Bagchi Bernard w.Downs Manashi Bagchi steve Kushner R&D VNI Inc.Bonita SpringsFLUSA Texas Southern University College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences HoustonTXUSA Department of Biology Adelphi UniversityGarden CityNYUSA R&D Dr.Herbs LLCConcordCAUSA ALM R&D OldsmarFLUSA

The researchers demonstrate the development of a novel Prodosome technology-derived PL425 PEC phytonutrient-enriched electrolyte formulation and its significant contribution in fluid homeostasis as well as enhanced neuromuscular function, cardio-protection, pulmonary, and other physiological cellular and organ functions. Electrolytes enriched in phytonutrients including polyphenolic bioflavonoids, anthocyanins, saccharides, sulforaphanes, carotenoids and exotic spices, in conjunction with a full spectrum of sea water-derived electrolytes, such as sodium, chloride, potassium, calcium, phosphate, magnesium and bicarbonate, along with vitamin C, all of which are encapsulated in the proprietary Prodosome technology enabling enhanced bioavailability. This technology will maintain important biological functions including metabolic and energy homeostasis, pH equilibration, free radical inhibition, cell-to-cell communication, muscular integrity, enhanced neuronal, cardiovascular, pulmonary, and kidney functions. Moreover, these phytonutrients and electrolytes enhance energy metabolism, ATP production, and activate nitric oxide production without L-Arginine. Ongoing research studies are in progress.

关键词： Phytonutrients Electrolyte balance Micronutrients PL425PEC Prodosome technology Metabolic homeostasis Immune and brain health

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