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Military Medical Research 2022年第2期9卷 205-214页

作者： Beatrice Alexandra Golomb sridevi devaraj Alexis K.Messner Hayley Jean Koslik Jun Hee Han Barnabas Yik Department of Medicine School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaSan DiegoLa JollaCA 92093USA Department of Pathology and Immunology Baylor College of MedicineHoustonTX 77030USA Swedish Medical Center SeattleWA 98109USA Henry M.Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine San DiegoCA 92134USA Santa Clara Valley Medical Center San JoseCA 95128USA

Background: Malondialdehyde(MDA) is a candidate general marker of oxidative stress(OS). We sought to assess the relation of MDA to Gulf War illness(GWI) and to a variety of ***: This is an observational study involving subjects from Southern California recruited from October 2011 to May 2014. MDA was assessed in 81 participants(41 GWI-cases, 40 controls). General and Gulf-specific exposures were elicited. MDA case–control comparison was restricted to 40 matched pairs. The potential association between MDA and exposures was assessed using regression analyses. Gulf-specific exposures were incorporated into a case-specific ***: Plasma MDA was significantly lower in GWI-cases than controls. Composite pesticide and fuel-solvent exposures negatively predicted MDA in the total sample, as well as in the analyses that included either GWI-cases or controls only. Self-reported exposure to organophosphate(OP) nerve gas was a strong predictor for lower MDA level in veterans with ***: Past pesticide exposures predicted lower MDA in both veterans with GWI and in healthy controls.

关键词： Malondialdehyde Oxidative stress Free radical Gulf War veterans Gulf War illness Pesticide

Improved Integrated Deep Model for Pap-Smear Cell Analysis

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Journal of Systems Science and Information 2024年第1期12卷 113-124页

作者： Somasundaram devaraj Nirmala MADIAN Gnanasaravanan SUBRAMANIAM Rithaniya CHELLAMUTHU Muralitharan KRISHANAN School of Electronics Engineering Vellore Institute of TechnologyVellore 632014India Department of Biomedical Engineering Dr.N.G.P Institute of TechnologyCoimbatore 641045India Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences Coimbatore 641114India Department of Computer Science Institute of Mathematical ScienceSungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon 16419South Korea

Cervical cancer is the fourth most common malignancy to strike a woman *** discovered early enough,it can be effectively *** there is a chance of error owing to human error,the Pap smear is a good tool for first screening for cervical *** also takes a lot of time and effort to *** aim of this study was to reduce the possibility of error by automating the process of classifying cervical cancer using Pap smear *** the purpose of this study,dual convolution neural networks with LSTM were employed to classify images due to deep learning approaches inspire distinct features and powerful classifiers for many computer vision *** proposed deep learning model based on convolution neural networks(CNN)with the long short-term memory(LSTM)network is to learn features which give better recognition *** overall model is known as *** which‘smear’indicates‘pap-smear cancer cells’and‘net’refers to neural *** parameters such as,Accuracy,Precision,Recall,Accuracy,Sensitivity,and Specificity are used to validate the *** proposed method provides the improved accuracy of 99.57 percentage for classification of the pap-smear *** proposed approaches demonstrate the effectiveness of our contributions by testing and comparing with the state-of-the-art techniques.

关键词： pap-smear deep learning convolution neural network smear-net

Mitochondria: A critical hub for hepatic stellate cells activation during chronic liver diseases

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2021年第4期20卷 315-322页

作者： devaraj Ezhilarasan Department of Pharmacology the Blue LabMolecular Medicine and Toxicology DivisionSaveetha Dental CollegeSaveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences(SIMATS)Chennai 600077Tamil NaduIndia

Background: Upon liver injury, quiescent hepatic stellate cells(q HSCs), reside in the perisinusoidal space, phenotypically transdifferentiate into myofibroblast-like cells(MFBs). The q HSCs in the normal liver are less fibrogenic, migratory, and also have less proliferative potential. However, activated HSCs(a HSCs) are more fibrogenic and have a high migratory and proliferative MFBs phenotype. HSCs activation is a highly energetic process that needs abundant intracellular energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate(ATP) for the synthesis of extracellular matrix(ECM) in the injured liver to substantiate the injury. Data sources: The articles were collected through Pub Med and EMBASE using search terms "mitochondria and hepatic stellate cells", "mitochondria and HSCs", "mitochondria and hepatic fibrosis", "mitochondria and liver diseases", and "mitochondria and chronic liver disease", and relevant publications published before September 31, 2020 were included in this review. Results: Mitochondria homeostasis is affected during HSCs activation. Mitochondria in a HSCs are highly energetic and are in a high metabolically active state exhibiting increased activity such as glycolysis and respiration. a HSCs have high glycolytic enzymes expression and glycolytic activity induced by Hedgehog(Hh) signaling from injured hepatocytes. Increased glycolysis and aerobic glycolysis(Warburg effect) endproducts in a HSCs consequently activate the ECM-related gene expressions. Increased Hh signaling from injured hepatocytes downregulates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ expression and decreases lipogenesis in a HSCs. Glutaminolysis and tricarboxylic acid cycle liberate ATPs that fuel HSCs to proliferate and produce ECM during their activation. Conclusions: Available studies suggest that mitochondria functions can increase in parallel with HSCs activation. Therefore, mitochondrial modulators should be tested in an elaborate manner to control or prevent the HSCs activation

关键词： Hepatic stellate cells Glutaminolysis Glycolysis Hedgehog Myofibroblasts

Critical role of estrogen in the progression of chronic liver diseases

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2020年第5期19卷 429-434页

作者： devaraj Ezhilarasan Department of Pharmacology Biomedical Research Unit and Laboratory Animal CentreSaveetha Dental College and HospitalsSaveetha Institute of Medical and Technical SciencesChennai 600077Tamil NaduIndia

Background:Estrogens regulate sexual function and also have a significant role in various pathophysiological *** have a non-reproductive role as the modulators of the immune system,growth,neuronal function,and *** receptors are expressed in the liver and their impaired expression and function are implicated with obesity and liver associated metabolic *** purpose of the current review is to discuss the disparity role of estrogens on several forms of liver *** sources:A comprehensive search in PubMed and EMBASE was conducted using the keywords“estrogens and liver diseases”,“estradiol and liver diseases”,“hormones and liver diseases”,“endocrine function in liver diseases”,and“female hormones in liver diseases”.Relevant papers published before September 30,2019 were ***:The present review confirms the imperative role of estrogen in various forms of chronic liver *** play a key role in maintaining homeostasis and make the liver less susceptible to several forms of chronic liver diseases in healthy premenopausal *** contrast,clinical studies also showed increased estrogen levels with chronic liver ***:Several studies reported the protective role of estrogens in chronic liver diseases and this has been widely accepted and confirmed in experimental studies using ovariectomized rat ***,in a few clinical studies,increased estrogen levels are also implicated in chronic liver ***,further studies are warranted at molecular level to explore the role of estrogen in various forms of chronic liver diseases.

关键词： Estrogen Hepatic fibrosis Chronic liver diseases Hepatic stellate cells

Silibinin alleviates N-nitrosodimethylamine-induced glutathione dysregulation and hepatotoxicity in rats

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2016年第1期14卷 40-47页

作者： devaraj Ezhilarasan Slvanesan Karthikeyan Food and Hepatotoxicology Laboratory Department of Pharmacology and Environmental Toxicology University of MadrasTaramani Chennai 600113 India

The present study was designed to evaluate the hepatoprotective and antioxidant potentials of silibinin(SBN)against N-nitrosodimethylamine(DMN)-induced toxic insults in the rat *** liver damage was induced in Wistar albino rats by repeated administration of DMN(10 mg·kg-1 b.w.,i.p.)on 3 consecutive days per week for 3 ***(100 mg·kg-1 b.w.,p.o.)was given daily to the DMN treated rats for two *** marker enzymes of liver toxicity and second-line enzymic and non-enzymic antioxidants were evaluated in serum and liver tissues before and after SBN *** of the liver was evaluated by H & E *** DMN treatment produced a progressive increase in all the serum marker enzymes(AST,ALT,ALP,LDH,and γ-GT),peaking on Day *** treatment produced highly significant decreases in all the second-line antioxidant parameters(GSH,GST,GR,GPx,and vitamins C and E).The SBN treatment significantly reversed the DMN-induced damages,towards *** studies confirmed the development of liver toxicity in DMN-treated rats,which was reversed by SBN treatment in corroboration with the aforementioned biochemical results,indicating the hepatoprotective and antioxidant properties of *** conclusion,the DMN-induced degenerative changes in the liver were alleviated by SBN treatment and this protective ability may be attributed to its antioxidant,free radical scavenging,and membrane stabilizing properties.

关键词： Dimethylnitrosamine Silibinin Oxidative stress Hepatotoxicity Glutathione dysregulation

Wnt/beta-catenin signaling and its modulators in nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2023年第4期22卷 333-345页

作者： Karthik Shree Harini devaraj Ezhilarasan Department of Pharmacology Molecular Medicine and Toxicology LabSaveetha Dental CollegeSaveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences(SIMATS)ChennaiTamil Nadu 600077India

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is a global health concern associated with significant morbidity and *** is a spectrum of diseases originating from simple steatosis,progressing through nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH),fibrosis,and cirrhosis that may lead to hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).The pathogenesis of NAFLD is mediated by the triglyceride accumulation followed by proinflam-matory cytokines expression leading to inflammation,oxidative stress,and mitochondrial dysfunction de-noted as“two-hit hypothesis”,advancing with a“third hit”of insufficient hepatocyte proliferation,lead-ing to the increase in hepatic progenitor cells contributing to fibrosis and ***/β-catenin signaling is responsible for normal liver development,regeneration,hepatic metabolic zonation,ammonia and drug detoxification,hepatobiliary development,etc.,maintaining the overall liver *** key regula-tors of canonical Wnt signaling such as LRP6,Wnt1,Wnt3a,β-catenin,GSK-3β,and APC are abnormally regulated in *** experimental studies have shown the aberrated Wnt/β-catenin signaling dur-ing the NAFLD progression and NASH to hepatic fibrosis and ***,in this review,we have em-phasized the role of Wnt/β-catenin signaling and its modulators that can potentially aid in the inhibition of NAFLD.

关键词： Steatosis Fatty liver Oxidative stress Chronic liver diseases Fibrosis Wnt/β-catenin

A Hybrid Offline-Online Approach to Adaptive Downlink Resource Allocation Over LTE

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2019年第3期6卷 766-777页

作者： Satish Kumar Rajesh devaraj Arnab Sarkar IEEE the Department of Computer Science and Engineering IIT Guwahati

Radio resource management mechanisms in current and future wireless networks is expected to face an enormous challenge due to the ever increasing demand for bandwidth and latency sensitive applications on mobile devices. This is because an optimal resource allocation scheme which attempts to multiplex the available bandwidth in order to maximize Quality of service(QoS), will pose an exponential computational burden at eNodeB. In order to minimize such computational overhead, this work proposes a hybrid offline-online resource allocation strategy which effectively allocates all the available resources among flows such that their QoS requirements are satisfied. The flows are firstly classified into priority buckets based on real-time criticality factors. During the offline phase, the scheduler attempts to maintain the system load within a pre-specified safe threshold value by selecting an appropriate number of buckets. This offline selection procedure makes use of supervisory control theory of discrete event systems to synthesize an offline scheduler. Next, we have devised an online resource allocation strategy which runs on top of the offline policy and attempts to minimize the impact of the inherent variability in wireless networks. Simulation results show that the proposed scheduling framework is able to provide satisfactory QoS to all end users in most practical scenarios.

关键词： Discrete event systems (DES) hybrid scheduling long term evolution (LTE) quality of service (QoS) radio resource management supervisory control

Hepatic fibrosis： It is time to go with hepatic stellate cell-specifictherapeutic targets

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2018年第3期17卷 192-197页

作者： devaraj Ezhilarasan Etienne Sokal Mustapha Najimi Biomedical Research Unit and Laboratory Animal Centre Saveetha Dental College and HospitalsSaveetha Institute of Medical and Technical SciencesChennai 600 077Tamil NaduIndia Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique(IREC) Laboratory of Pediatric Hepatology and Cell TherapyUniversité Catholique de LouvainBrussels 1200Belgium

Hepatic fibrosis is a pathological lesion, characterized by the progressive accumulation of extracellularmatrix （ECM） in the perisinusoidal space and it is a major problem in chronic liver diseases. Phenotypicactivation of hepatic stellate cells （HSC） plays a central role in the progression of hepatic fibrosis. Retardation of proliferation and clearance of activated HSCs from the injured liver is an appropriate therapeuticstrategy for the resolution and treatment of hepatic fibrosis. Clearance of activated HSCs from the injuredliver by autophagy inhibitors, proapoptotic agents and senescence inducers with the high affinity towardthe activated HSCs may be the novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of hepatic fibrosis in the nearfuture.

关键词： Hepatic stellate cells Apoptosis Autophagy Senescence Extracellular matrix

Reply to“Wnt/beta-catenin signaling inhibitors and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease:Potential therapeutic implications”

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2023年第4期22卷 439-440页

The Author Reply:We sincerely appreciated the interest of Polyzos et al.,in our review article and sharing their improvised thoughts regarding the Wnt signaling modulators for the treatment of postmenopausal women with osteoporosis and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).Several experimental studies have showed that the aberrant Wnt/β-catenin signaling promotes the development and/or progression of a variety of chronic liver diseases including NAFLD[1,2].Therefore,our review emphasized on the modulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling and the role of its mediators in NAFLD *** that NAFLD prevalence is constantly increas-ing,and that osteoporosis is associated with women over 50 years of age with NAFLD[3],there is an unmet need for an effective *** blocks the canonical Wnt signaling pathway of bone ***,romosozumab,a humanized anti-sclerostin monoclonal antibody,was approved for the treatment of *** binds to sclerostin,permitting the en-gagement of Wnt ligands with their co-receptors,resulting in an increase in bone formation and bone mineral density.

关键词： liver Wnt constantly

Early Detection Glaucoma and Stargardt’s Disease Using Deep Learning Techniques

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Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2023年第5期36卷 1283-1299页

作者： Somasundaram devaraj Senthil Kumar Arunachalam Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Sri Shakthi Institute of Engineering and TechnologyCoimabatore641062TamilnaduIndia

Retinal fundus images are used to discover many *** Machine learning algorithms are designed to identify the Glaucoma *** the accuracy and time consumption performance were not *** address this problem Max Pool Convolution Neural Kuan Filtered Tobit Regres-sive Segmentation based Radial Basis Image Classiﬁer(MPCNKFTRS-RBIC)Model is used for detecting the Glaucoma and Stargardt’s disease by early period using higher accuracy and minimal *** MPCNKFTRS-RBIC Model,the ret-inal fundus image is considered as an input which is preprocessed in hidden layer 1 using weighted adaptive Kuanﬁ***,preprocessed retinal fundus is given for hidden layer 2 for extracting the features like color,intensity,texture with higher *** extracting these features,the Tobit Regressive Segmenta-tion process is performed by hidden layer 3 for partitioning preprocessed image within more segments by analyzing the pixel with the extracted features of the fundus ***,the segmented image was given to output *** radial basis function analyzes the testing image region of a particular class as well as training image region with higher accuracy and minimum time *** is performed with retinal fundus image dataset with various perfor-mance metrics namely peak signal-to-noise ratio,accuracy and time,error rate concerning several retina fundus image and image size.

关键词： Glaucoma detection max pool convolution neural network kuanﬁlter radial basis function