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Bio-inspired robotic manta ray powered by ionic polymer-metal composite artificial muscles

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International Journal of Smart and Nano Materials 2012年第4期3卷 296-308页

作者： Zheng Chen Tae I.Um Hilary Bart-smith Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVA 22904USA

The manta ray(Manta birostris)is the largest species of rays that demonstrates excellent swimming capabilities via large-amplitude flapping of its pectoral *** this article,we present a bio-inspired robotic manta ray using ionic polymer–metal composite(IPMC)as artificial muscles to mimic the swimming behavior of the manta *** robot utilizes two artificial pectoral fins to generate undulatory flapping motions,which produce thrust for the *** pectoral fin consists of an IPMC muscle in the leading edge and a passive polydimethylsiloxane membrane in the trailing *** the IPMC is actuated,the passive polydimethylsiloxane membrane follows the bending of the leading edge with a phase delay,which leads to an undulatory flapping motion on the *** of the pectoral fin has shown that the fin can generate flapping motions with up to 100%tip deflection and 40◦twist *** test the free-swimming performance of the robot,a light and compact on-board control unit with a lithium ion polymer battery has been *** experimental results have shown that the robot can swim at 0.067 bl/s with portable power consumption of under 2.5 W.

关键词： ionic polymer-metal composite artificial muscle bio-inspired robot

Verification of Lactobacillus brevis tolerance to simulated gastric juice and the potential effects of postbiotic gamma-aminobutyric acid in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2022年第1期11卷 165-176页

作者： Amro Abdelazez Heba Abdelmotaal smith Etareri Evivie Maha Bikheet Rokayya Sami Hassan Mohamed Xiangchen Meng Key Laboratory of Dairy Science Ministry of EducationCollege of Food SciencesNortheast Agricultural UniversityHarbin 150030China College of Agriculture and Forestry Linyi UniversityLinyi 276005China Department of Dairy Microbiology Animal Production Research InstituteAgriculture Research CentreDokkiGiza 12618Egypt Department ofMicrobiology SoilWaterEnvironmentand Microbiology Research InstituteAgriculture Research CentreGiza 12619Egypt Department of Food Science&Hunan Nutrition Faculty of AgricultureUniversity of BeninBenin City 300001Nigeria Department of Dairy Science Faculty of AgricultureMinia UniversityMinia 61511Egypt Department of Food Science and Nutrition College of SciencesTaif UniversityP.O.11099Taif21944Saudi Arabia Colin Ratledge Center for Microbial Lipids School of Agriculture Engineering and Food ScienceShandong University of TechnologyZibo 255049China Department of Botany and Microbiology Faculty of ScienceAl-Azhar UniversityAssiut 71524Egypt

The therapeutic effect of gamma-aminobutyric acid(GABA)on diabetes was spread as one of the alarming epidemics *** study aims to investigate the function of Lactobacillus brevis KLDS_(1.0727) and KLDS_(1.0373) strains as glutamic acid decarboxylase 65(GAD65)carriers capable of generating GABA by comparing in vitro free and freeze-dried models and GABA intervention in *** amplification of gad and in vitro i.e.,(growth rate,viability at different pH,bile tolerance,and survivability in simulated gastric juice)were *** vivo experiments were conducted in 7 groups of C57bl/6J *** group was injected with streptozotocin(Cont_(STZ),INSSTZ,LAC1_(STZ),LAC_(1MFDSTZ),LAC_(2STZ),LAC_(2MFDSTZ))daily except for the control(Cont).One group was injected with insulin(INSSTZ).The body weight and hyperglycemia in the blood were assessed weekly,post-euthanasia blood plasma parameters,insulin,and histological examination were *** indicated *** strains demonstrated a great tolerance to bile and simulated gastric juice in vitro(Pblood glucose(−5.74±3.08)mmol/*** lowest body weight(ContSTZ)was(19.30±0.25)*** on the blood plasma analysis,*** strains improved good cholesterol properties,liver and kidney functions,where most of these parameters fall within the average the reference range and prevent the development of symptoms of type 1 diabetes in *** recommended,*** should be commonly distributed as a postbiotic GABA in pharmaceutical and nutritional applications.

关键词： Diabetes Gamma-aminobutyric acid Postbiotics Lactobacillus brevis In vitro C57bl/6J mice

New early Eocene vertebrate assemblage from western India reveals a mixed fauna of European and Gondwana affinities

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Geoscience Frontiers 2016年第6期7卷 969-1001页

作者： Thierry smith Kishor Kumar Rajendra S.Rana Annelise Folie Floreal Sole Corentin Noiret Thomas Steeman Ashok Sahni Kenneth D.Rose Directorate Earth and History of Life Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences29 rue VautierB-1000BrusselsBelgium Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology 33 General Mahadeo Singh RoadDehradun248001UttarakhandIndia Department of Geology H.N.B.Garhwal UniversitySrinagar246175UttarakhandIndia Scientific Heritage Survey Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences29 rue VautierB-1000BrusselsBelgium Department of Geology University of Namur61 rue de BruxellesB-5000NamurBelgium Research Unit Palaeontology Ghent UniversityKrijgslaan 28158B-9000GhentBelgium Centre of Advanced Study in Geology Panjab UniversityChandigarh160014India Center for Functional Anatomy and Evolution Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD21205USA

The Ypresian Cambay Shale Formation at Vastan and Mangrol lignite mines in Gujarat, western India, has yielded a rich vertebrate fauna with numerous taxa of European affinities. Here we report a new, approximately contemporary vertebrate assemblage from two fossiliferous layers in the nearby mine of Tadkeshwar. These layers have yielded a similar mammal fauna with the co-occurrence of the perissodactyl-like cambaytheriid Cambaytherium thewissi, the adapoid primates Marcgodinotius indicus and cf. Asiadapis cambayensis, and the hyaenodontid lndohyaenodon raoi. The presence of these species in both Vastan and Tadkeshwar mines and at different levels suggests that the deposits between the two major lignite seams represent a single land mammal age. Apart from the aforementioned species there is a new, smaller species of Cambaytherium, and a new genus and species of esthonychid tillodont. This fauna also contains the first large early Eocene vertebrates from India, including an unidentified Coryphodon-like pantodont, a dyrosaurid crocodyliform and a new giant madtsoiid snake. Among the Tadkeshwar vertebrates several taxa are of Gondwana affinities, such as Pelomedusoides turtles, dyr- osaurids, and large madtsoiids, attesting that the early Eocene was a crucial period in India during which Laurasian taxa of European affinities co-existed with relict taxa from Gondwana before the India-Asia collision. Our results suggest that terrestrial faunas could have dispersed to or from Europe during episodes of contact between the Indian subcontinent and different island blocks along the northern margin of the Neotethys, such as the Kohistan Ladakh island-arc system. Gondwana taxa might represent remnants of ghost lineages shared with Madagascar, which reached the Indian subcontinent during the late Cretaceous; alternatively they might have come from North Africa and passed along the southern margin of the Neotethys to reach the Indian subcontinent. These dispersals would have been

关键词： Vertebrates Snakes Mammals Primates Cambay Shale Formation Ypresian

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大学英语基础听力教程教师用书第2册

2009年

作者： Steven Brown Dorolyn smith

本书是引进英语听力教材，供大学低年级和高职高专学生使用。本书为配套教师用书，提供教学指导。

ISBN: (纸本)9787544611749

本书是引进英语听力教材，供大学低年级和高职高专学生使用。本书为配套教师用书，提供教学指导。

关键词：教学参考资料听说教学英语高等学校

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大学英语基础听力教程教师用书第1册

Measurement and correlation of supercritical CO_(2) and ionic liquid systems for design of advanced unit operations

2009年

作者： Steven Brown Dorolyn smith

本书是一本大学英语基础听力教程的书籍。本书是与教材配套的教师用书，提供教案和练习参考答案等。

ISBN: (纸本)9787544611305

本书是一本大学英语基础听力教程的书籍。本书是与教材配套的教师用书，提供教案和练习参考答案等。

关键词：教学参考资料听说教学英语高等学校

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2009年第1期3卷 12-19页

作者： Hiroshi MACHIDA Ryosuke TAGUCHI Yoshiyuki SATO Louw J.FLORUSSE Cor J.PETERS Richard L.smith Department of Chemical Engineering Research Center of Supercritical Fluid TechnologyTohoku UniversitySendaiJapan Graduate School of Environmental Studies Tohoku UniversitySendaiJapan Laboratory of Applied Thermodynamics and Phase Equilibria Faculty of Applied SciencesDelft University of TechnologyJulianalaan 1362628 BL DelftThe Netherlands Laboratory of Process Equipment Department of Process and EnergyFaculty of MechanicalMaritime and Materials EngineeringDelft University of TechnologyLeeghwaterstraat 442628 CA DelftThe Netherlands Petroleum Institute Chemical Engineering ProgramBu Hasa BuildingRoom 2203P.O.Box 2533Abu DhabiUnited Arab Emirates

Ionic liquids combined with supercriticalﬂuid technology hold great promise as working solvents for developing compact *** liquids,which are organic molten salts,typically have extremely low volatility and high functionality,but possess high viscos-ities,surface tensions and low diffusion coefﬁcients,which can limit their ***_(2),on the other hand,especially in its supercritical state,is a green solvent that can be used advantageously when combined with the ionic liquid to provide viscosity and surface tension reduction and to promote mass *** solubility of CO_(2) in the ionic liquid is key to estimating the important physical properties that include partition coefﬁcients,viscosities,densities,interfacial tensions,thermal conductivities and heat capacities needed in contactor *** this work,we examine a subset of available high pressure pure component ionic liquid PVT data and high pressure CO_(2)-ionic liquid solubility data and report new correlations for CO_(2)-ionic liquid systems with equations of state that have some industrial applications including:(1)general,(2)fuel desulfurization,(3)CO_(2) capture,and(4)chiral *** measurements of solubility data for the CO_(2) and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium octyl sulfate,[bmim][OcSO4]system are reported and *** the correlation of the CO_(2) ionic liquid phase behavior,the Peng-Robinson and the Sanchez-Lacombe equations of state were considered and are *** is shown that excellent correlation of CO_(2) solubility can be obtained with either equation and they share some common characteristics regarding inter-action *** the Sanchez-Lacombe equation,parameters that are derived from the supercritical region were found to be important for obtaining good correlation of the CO_(2)-ionic liquid solubility data.

关键词： compact processes chiral ionic liquids separations thermodynamic properties equations of state

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小鼠月经生理模型的探讨

中国实验动物学报 2005年第4期13卷 208-211,F0007页

作者：王冬颖 SK smith Steve-Charnock Jones 西安交通大学第二医院妇产科西安710004 The Rosie hospital Robinson WayCambridge UK CB2 2SW

目的减少Finn CA于1984年首次报道的小鼠月经模型的观察时间点,以期为月经生理学研究提供一种较廉价且易操作的月经模型。方法应用成年雌性去势C57bl/6小鼠,给予续贯性激素处理,最末次激素处理后4～6h,实验组小鼠宫腔内注射花生油以诱... 详细信息

目的减少Finn CA于1984年首次报道的小鼠月经模型的观察时间点,以期为月经生理学研究提供一种较廉价且易操作的月经模型。方法应用成年雌性去势C57bl/6小鼠,给予续贯性激素处理,最末次激素处理后4～6h,实验组小鼠宫腔内注射花生油以诱导子宫内膜蜕膜化反应,对照组小鼠给予同样激素处理但无宫腔油剂注射。分别于油剂处理后31～35h(T3组)、56～70h(T4组)处死小鼠,称量子宫湿重,制作H&E组织切片,运用图像分析软件CAST2,计算全子宫横截面积(TUA)与子宫内膜横截面积(EA)。结果H&E染色子宫组织切片示在单纯雌激素作用下宫内膜呈单层立方上皮,核浆比较高,内膜基质疏松;雌孕激素联合处理后,分泌细胞易见,腺腔内可见分泌物。激素撤退后实验组T3观察到子宫内膜剥离,T4组示子宫内膜修复。对照组子宫内膜始终完整。子宫湿重在激素撤退后,实验组下降较慢。激素撤退后实验组T3的TUA继续上升而EA则维持原水平,T4组TUA与EA均明显下降。结论此模型在子宫内膜剥落期和早期修复期组织学特征与人类子宫内膜有一定的相似性。

关键词：蜕膜小鼠子宫内膜

Progress and challenges of experimental integrative medicine in abroad

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Delivering an mRNA vaccine using a lymphatic drug delivery device improves humoral and cellular immunity against SARS-CoV-2

第十一次中国中西医结合实验医学学术研讨会

作者： Sheng-xing Ma Xi-yan Li Isabelle Jiang Brian smith Paul Lee Jay Hu University of California at Los Angeles David Geffen School of Medicine and Harbor-UCLA Medical Center

Experimental studies on integrative medicine has made progress during the past 15 years, since as many as 42%of patients in the *** complementary alternative medicine(CAM) to fulfill their needs in lieu of or as an adjunct to conventional ***,several well-designed clinical trial studies reported negative results of acupuncture on treatment of hypertension and *** United Kingdom decided to halt the sale of traditional herbal medicinal products due to toxins,pesticides,and failure to meet standards of safety, quality,and *** of this let us to think the research direction of experimental integrative medicine and how to study traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).Based on TCM meridian theory,a biocapture device has been develop and taped to the skin surface along the meridian lines over the Pericardium Meridian(PC) and the bladder Meridian(bl) and filled with a collecting solution for 20 *** of total nitrate and nitrite(NOx-), cGMP and nitrotyrosine,a stable end-product of peroxynitrite(ONOO),in the samples were quantified using chemiluminescence and ***-cGMP and nitrotyrosine concentrations were assayed over acupoints,meridian line without acupoint,and non-meridian control following Device(RespeRate)-guided slow breathing exercises in healthy volunteers and hypertensive patients. Results show that NOx-and cGMP concentrations are consistently higher over PC acupoints compared to non-meridian control in healthy *** levels are decreased and levels of nitrotyrosine over acupoints are as much as 6 fold higher in hypertensive subjects compared to normotensive healthy *** breathing exercises(20 min twice daily) increased cGMP levels over acupoints in both normotensive and hypertensive *** concentrations and arterial blood pressure are significantly reduced following a 7-day period of the slow breathing exercises in hypertensive *** conclude that ONOO/NO-cGMP can be simultaneously qua

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Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2022年第6期14卷 47-56页

作者： Runqiang Chen Hui Xie Sahba Khorsandzadeh Madison smith Namir Shaabani Qidong Hu Xiaoxuan Lyu Hua Wang Wan-lin Lim Haotian Sun Henry Ji Brian Cooley Russell Ross David M.Francis Sorrento Therapeutics Inc.San DiegoCA 92121USA Sofusa a Division of Sorrento TherapeuticsAtlantaGA 30350USA

The exploration and identification of safe and effective vaccines for the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic have captured the world's attention and remains an ongoing issue due to concerns of balancing protection against emerging variants of concern while also generating long-lasting immunity. Here, we report the synthesis of a novel messenger ribonucleic acid encoding the spike protein in a lipid nanoparticle formulation (STI-7264) that generates robust humoral and cellular immunity following immunization of C57bl6 mice. In an effort to improve immunity, a clinically focused lymphatic drug delivery device (MuVaxx) was engineered to modulate immune cells at the injection site (epidermis and dermis) and draining lymph node (LN) and tested to measure adaptive immunity. Using MuVaxx, immune responses were elicited and maintained at a 10-fold dose reduction compared to traditional intramuscular (IM) administration as measured by anti-spike antibodies, cytokine-producing CD8 T cells, neutralizing antibodies against the Washington (wild type) strain and South African (Beta) variants, and LN-resident spike-specific memory B cells. Remarkably, a 4-fold-elevated T cell response was observed in MuVaxx-administered vaccination compared to that of IM-administered vaccination. Thus, these data support further investigation into STI-7264 and lymphatic-mediated delivery using MuVaxx for SARS-CoV-2 and VoC vaccines.

关键词： COVID-19 lymph nodes lymphatics vaccines drug delivery