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Composition demixing effect on cathodic arc ion plating

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Journal of University of science and Technology Beijing 2006年第2期13卷 125-130页

作者： Jun Zhang li li lipeng Zhang shilu Zhao Qiang Guo Department of Materials science and Engineering. shenyang University Shenyang 110044 China state Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser Ion and Electron Beams Dalian 116024 China

The composition demixing effect has been found often in alloy coatings deposited by cathodic arc ion plating using various alloy cathode targets. The characteristics of composition demixing phenomena were summarized. Beginning with the ionization zone near the surface of the cathode target, a physical model in terms of the ions generated in the ionization zone and their movement in the plating room modified by bias electric field was proposed. Based on the concept of electric charge state, the simulation calculation of the composition demixing effect was carried out. The percentage of atoms of an element in coating and from the alloy target was demonstrated by direct comparison. The influences of the composition change of the alloy target and the bias electric field on the composition demixing effect were discussed in detail. It is also proposed that the average charge states of the elements may be used to calculate the composition demixing effect and to design the composition of the alloy target.

关键词： cathodic arc ion plating alloy coating composition demixing

Thermodynamic analysis of auto-thermal chemical looping hydrogen production systems

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science China Technological sciences 2024年第12期67卷 3707-3723页

作者： li PeiJing liU TaiXiu li JiChao QIN yuanLong liU QiBin school of Energy Power and Mechanical Engineering North China Electric Power University Institute of Engineering Thermophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of sciences Department of Thermal science and Energy Engineering University of Science and Technology of China

Chemical looping hydrogen production is of interest because of its ability to simultaneously produce hydrogen and capture CO2at the same time. Achieving an energy balance is crucial in chemical-looping hydrogen production systems. Decreasing the external heat duty can effectively reduce carbon capture and energy conversion efficiency. In this study, two auto-thermal chemical looping H2generation systems are proposed. An adiabatic counter current moving bed chemical looping H2generation system using CH4as fuel and Fe2O3and Al2O3（inert carriers） as oxygen carriers（OC） is proposed to analyse the energy balance and exergy balance of the systems. A parametric analysis was conducted to investigate the influence of the reaction ratio and temperature on the product outcomes, leading to the determination of optimal operating conditions. subsequently, the impact of hydrogen production efficiency and reduction reactor outlet stream ratio and inert component proportion in the oxygen carrier on the system's thermal balance was analysed under these optimal conditions, culminating in the identification of key parameters for the two auto-thermal systems. Energy balance and exergy balance analyses were employed to compare the energy efficiency and irreversible losses of the autothermal and reference systems. The results demonstrated that the autothermal system enhanced the energy efficiency by 2.5% and the CO2capture rate by 11%（percentage points） compared with the reference system.

关键词： chemical looping hydrogen generation hydrogen production auto-thermal energy balance analysis exergy balance analysis

soft curvature sensors for measuring the rotational angles of mechanical fingers

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Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2020年第4期15卷 610-621页

作者： Haixiao liU li li Zhikang OUyANG Wei sUN school of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China

The design, fabrication, and testing of soft sensors that measure elastomer curvature and mechanical finger bending are described in this study. The base of the soft sensors is polydimethylsiloxane (PDMs), which is a translucent elastomer. The main body of the soft sensors consists of three layers of silicone rubber plate, and the sensing element is a microchannel filled with gallium-indium-tin (Ga-In-sn) alloy, which is embedded in the elastomer. First, the working principle of soft sensors is investigated, and their structure is designed. second, the relationship between curvature and resistance is determined. Third, several sensors with different specifications are built in accordance with the structural design. Experiments show that the sensors exhibit high accuracy when the curvature changes within a certain range. Lastly, the soft sensors are applied to the measurement of mechanical finger bending. Experiments show that soft curvature sensors can effectively reflect mechanical finger bending and can be used to measure the bending of mechanical fingers with high sensitivity within a certain working range.

关键词： soft sensor Ga-In-sn alloy strain sensing curvature sensing mechanical finger bending

Unsupervised Martian Dust storm Removal via Disentangled Representation Learning

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2022年第9期22卷 255-266页

作者： Dong Zhao Jia li Hongyu li Long Xu state Key Laboratory of Virtual Reality Technology and systems School of Computer Science and EngineeringBeihang UniversityBejing 100191China state Key Laboratory of space Weather National Space Science CenterChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Peng Cheng Laboratory Shenzhen 518000China

Mars exploration has become a hot spot in recent years and is still advancing rapidly. However, Mars has massive dust storms that may cover many areas of the planet and last for weeks or even months. The local/global dust storms are so influential that they can significantly reduce visibility, and thereby the images captured by the cameras on the Mars rover are degraded severely. This work presents an unsupervised Martian dust storm removal network via disentangled representation learning(DRL). The core idea of the DRL framework is to use the content encoder and dust storm encoder to disentangle the degraded images into content features(on domain-invariant space) and dust storm features(on domain-specific space). The dust storm features carry the full dust storm-relevant prior knowledge from the dust storm images. The “cleaned” content features can be effectively decoded to generate more natural, faithful, clear *** primary advantages of this framework are twofold. First, it is among the first to perform unsupervised training in Martian dust storm removal with a single image, avoiding the synthetic data requirements. second, the model can implicitly learn the dust storm-relevant prior knowledge from the real-world dust storm data sets, avoiding the design of the complicated handcrafted priors. Extensive experiments demonstrate the DRL framework’s effectiveness and show the promising performance of our network for Martian dust storm removal.

关键词： planets and satellites:atmospheres planets and satellites:general planets and satellites:surfaces

Regulation of drug release performance using mixed doxorubicin-doxorubicin dimer nanoparticles as a pH-triggered drug self-delivery system

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2022年第1期12卷 122-128页

作者： Jiagen li Xinming li Pengwei Xie Peng liu state Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringLanzhou UniversityLanzhou730000China

A mixed drug self-delivery system(DsDs)with high drug content(>50%)was developed to regulate pHtriggered drug release,based on two doxorubicin(DOX)-DOX dimmers:D-DOX_(ADH) and D-DOX_(car) conjugated with acid-labile dynamic covalent bonds(hydrazone and carbamate,respectively)and stabilized with PEGylated D-DOX_(ADH)(D-DOX_(ADH)-PEG).Owing to the different stability of the dynamic covalent bonds in the two dimers and the noncovalent interaction between them,pH-triggered drug release could be easily regulated by adjusting the feeding ratios of the two DOX-DOX dimers in the mixed *** in vitro cellular toxicity was achieved with the mixed DsDs nanoparticles prepared with different feeding *** mixed DsDs nanoparticles had a similar DOX content and diameter but different drug releasing *** MTT assays revealed that a high anti-tumor efficacy could be achieved with the slowrelease mixed DsDs nanoparticles.

关键词： Drug self-delivery system Regulated drug release Doxorubicin-doxorubicin dimer Acid-triggered release Mixed nanoparticles

study on the Molecular Variation and PCR Detection of strawberry mottle virus

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Agricultural sciences in China 2009年第10期8卷 1203-1209页

作者： yANG Hong-yi li li-li DAI Hong-yan ZHANG Zhi-hong College of life sciences Northeast Forestry University Harbin 150040 P.R. China College of Horticulture Shenyang Agricultural University Shenyang 110161 P.R. China College of Horticulture Northeast Agricultural University Harbin 150030 P.R.China

strawberry mottle virus （sMoV） is an important viral pathogen infecting strawberry （Fragaria spp.）. The study was conducted to analyze the characterization of the molecular variation of sMoV and develop the methods for detection of sMoV by nested PCR and transcriptional enhancement techniques. The 3 non-coding region （NCR） and large coat protein （LCP） gene of sMoV genome were amplified by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR）. The specific segments were cloned and sequenced. The characterization of the molecular variation for some isolates of sMoV and phylogenetic analysis were studied. Based on the primers located in the conserved region of genome of sMoV, sMoV could be steadily detected using semi-nested PCR and transcriptional enhancement techniques. Both semi-nested PCR and transcriptional enhancement techniques were considerably more sensitive than the standard RT-PCR. The nucleotide sequences of NCR and partial LCP gene of Chinese isolates were obtained, and sequence analysis of the partial LCP gene of various sMoV isolates showed nucleotide identities ranging from 76.8 to 99.7%. There was a slight tendency for isolates to group according to their geographical origin. All 3 Polish isolates, 4 isolates of 7 Dutch isolates, and 3 isolates of 4 Chinese isolates formed a small separate branch, respectively. Two Germanic isolates had a far relationship with other isolates, and formed a separate clade. A high level of sequence variability was found among sMoV isolates, and the Germanic isolates were likely to a special strain group.

关键词： strawberry mottle virus RT-PCR semi-nested PCR variation phylogenetic analysis

Next-generation sequencing and single-cell RT-PCR reveal a distinct variable gene usage of porcine antibody repertoire following PEDV vaccination

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science China(life sciences) 2020年第8期63卷 1240-1250页

作者： Ren li Fang Fu li Feng PingHuang liu state Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology Harbin Veterinary Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesHarbin 150001China

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus(PEDV)is the most common diarrhea-causing pathogen in newborn *** clarifications of the overall antibody repertoire and antigen-specific antibody repertoire are essential to provide important insights into the B-cell response and reshape new ***,we applied next-generation sequencing(NGs)technology to investigate immunoglobulin(Ig)variable(V)gene segment usage of swine B-cells from peripheral blood lymphocytes(PBL)and mesenteric lymph node(MLN)cells following PEDV *** identified the transcripts of all functional Ig V-genes in antibody ***1 s2,IgKV1-11,and IgLV3-4 were the most prevalent gene segments for heavy,kappa,and lambda chains,respectively,in PBL and *** previous studies,IgKV1,instead of IgKV2,and IgLV3,instead of IgLV8,were the prevalent Ig V-gene families for kappa and lambda light chains,*** further examined the antibody repertoire of PEDV spike-specific B cells by single-cell *** contrast to the overall antibody repertoire,Ig V-gene segments of PEDV spike-specific B cells preferentially adopted IgHV1-4 and IgHV1-14 for heavy chain,IgKV1-11 for kappa chain,and IgLV3-3 for lambda *** results represent a comprehensive analysis to characterize the Ig V-gene segment usage in the overall and PEDV spike-specific antibody repertoire in PBL and MLN.

关键词： porcine epidemic diarrhea virus(PEDV) next-generation sequencing(NGs) single-cell RT-PCR antibody repertoire

Genetic analysis of biomass and photosynthetic parameters in wheat grown in different light intensities

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2014年第6期56卷 594-604页

作者： Hongwei li Gui Wang Qi Zheng Bin li Ruilian Jing Zhensheng li state Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology the Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Crop sciences the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences

Growth light intensities largely determine photo-synthesis, biomass, and grain yield of cereal crops. To explore the genetic basis of light responses of biomass and photosynthetic parameters in wheat （Triticum aestivum L.）, a quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis was carried out in a doubled haploid （DH） population grown in low light （LL）, medium light （ML）, and high light （HL）, respectively. The results showed that the wheat seedlings grown in HL produced more biomass with lower total chlorophyll content （Chl）, carotenoid content, and maximum photochemical efficiency of photosystem II （Fv/Fm） while the wheat seed-lings grown in LL produced less biomass with higher Chl compared with those grown in ML. In total, 48 QTLs were identified to be associated with the investigated parameters in relation to growth light intensities. These QTLs were mapped to 15 chromosomes which individually explained 6.3%-36.0% of the phenotypic variance, of which chromo-somes 3A, 1D, and 6B were specifically involved in LL response, 5D and 7A specifically involved in ML response, and 4B specifically involved in HL response. several light-responsive QTLs were co-located with QTLs for photosyn-thetic parameters, biomass, and grain weight under various conditions which may provide new hints to uncover the genetic control of photosynthesis, biomass, and grain weight.

关键词： Biomass carotenoids chlorophyll Fv/Fm quantitative trait locus Triticum aestivum L.

Multiphase redistribution differences of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） between two successive sediment suspensions

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Frontiers of Environmental science & Engineering 2016年第2期10卷 381-389页

作者： Rufeng li Chenghong FENG Dongxin WANG Baohua li Zhenyao sHEN The Key Laboratory of Water and sediment sciences (Ministry of Education) School of Environment Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China

successive sediment suspensions often happen in estuary, yet little research has probed into the difference in the release behaviors of organic compounds among different suspensions. This study took polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） as typical organic contaminants and investigated the release behaviors between two successive suspensions with a particle entrainment simulator （PEs）. Results showed that successive sediment suspensions lowered the concentration of dissolved PAHs in the overlying water via facilitating the re-adsorption of dissolved PAHs onto the suspended particles. Fast-release and slow-release periods of PAHs were successively observed in the both suspensions. The concentration changes of dissolved PAHs in the second suspension were generally similar with but hysteretic to those in the first suspension. More vigorous desorption and re-absorp- tion of PAHs were induced in the second suspension. successive sediment suspensions obviously decreased the concentrations of mineral composition and organic matters in the overlying water, which significantly affects multi- phase distribution of PAHs.

关键词： sediment suspension PAHs multiphase dis-tribution distribution coefficients