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Liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma in India: Are we ready for 2040?

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World Journal of Transplantation 2024年第1期14卷 141-153页

作者： Hirak Pahari Amruth Raj Ambreen sawant Dipak s Ahire Raosaheb rathod Chetan Rathi Tushar sankalecha sachin Palnitkar Vikram Raut Department of Liver Transplant and HPB surgery Medicover HospitalsNavi Mumbai 410210MaharashtraIndia Department of Liver Transplant Anaesthesia Medicover HospitalsNavi Mumbai 410210MaharashtraIndia Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Medicover HospitalsNavi Mumbai 410210India Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Medicover HospitalsNavi Mumbai 410210MaharashtraIndia Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Medicover HospitalsAurangabad 431003India Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Medicover HospitalsNashik 422009India Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Medicover HospitalsPune 411026India

BACKGROUND Liver transplantation(LT)for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)has been widely researched and is well established *** cornerstone of this treatment lies in the various criteria formulated by expert consensus and *** variations among the criteria are staggering,and the short-and long-term outcomes are *** To study the differences in the current practices of LT for HCC at different centers in India and discuss their clinical implications in the *** We conducted a survey of major centers in India that performed LT in December 2022.A total of 23 responses were *** centers were classified as high-and low-volume,and the current trend of care for patients undergoing LT for HCC was *** Of the 23 centers,35%were high volume center(>500 Liver transplants)while 52%were high-volume centers that performed more than 50 transplants/*** 39%of centers had performed>50 LT for HCC while the percent distribution for HCC in LT patients was 5%–15%in approximately 73%of the *** a few,most centers were divided equally between University of California,san Francisco(UCsF)and center-specific criteria when choosing patients with HCC for LT,and most(65%)did not have separate transplant criteria for deceased donor LT and living donor LT(LDLT).Most centers(56%)preferred surgical resection over LT for a Child A cirrhosis patient with a resectable 4 cm HCC ***-emission tomography-computed tomography(CT)was the modality of choice for metastatic workup in the majority of centers(74%).Downstaging was the preferred option for over 90%of the centers and included transarterial chemoembolization,transarterial radioembolization,stereotactic body radiotherapy and atezolizumab/bevacizumab with varied *** alphafetoprotein(AFP)cut-off was used by 74%of centers to decide on transplantation as well as to downstage tumors,even if they met the *** criteria for successful downstaging v

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Liver transplant India Downstaging survey Milan University of California,san Francisco Portal vein tumor thrombus Expanded criteria

Catatonia:A deep dive into its unfathomable depths

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第2期14卷 210-214页

作者： Peter Phiri Gayathri Delanerolle Oliver Hope Tharangini Murugaiyan Geoffrey Dimba s.anaya rathod Zukiswa Zingela Research&Innovation Department Southern Health NHS Foundation TrustSouthampton SO303JBUnited Kingdom school of Psychology Faculty of Environmental and Life SciencesUniversity of SouthamptonSouthampton SO171BJHampshireUnited Kingdom Acute Inpatients services Southern Health NHS Foundation TrustBasingstoke RG249RHUnited Kingdom Home Treatment Team South WestSurrey and Borders Partnerships NHS Foundation TrustGuildford GU27XLSurreyUnited Kingdom Faculty of Health sciences Nelson Mandela UniversitySummerstrand 6001GqeberhaSouth Africa

This editorial addresses catatonia,a complex neuropsychiatric syndrome characterised by a spectrum of psychomotor *** editorial seeks to clarify the ambiguous aspects of catatonia,integrating recent research findings,including global studies and diagnostic *** discusses catatonia’s clinical manifestations,prevalence,and associated psychiatric and medical conditions,with particular emphasis on its frequent co-occurrence with schizophrenia and mood *** prevalence of catatonia,which varies across psychiatric populations,is illustrated by a significant study conducted in Nelson Mandela Bay,south *** study provides valuable insights into the effectiveness of the Bush-Francis screening Instrument compared to the Diagnostic and statistical Manual 5 criteria in diagnosing *** editorial evaluates treatment approaches,primarily focusing on benzodiazepines and electroconvulsive therapy,and discusses emerging therapeutic *** underscores the importance of robust diagnostic frameworks and early intervention in managing catatonia,as recommended by the latest evidence-based consensus ***,it suggests future research directions,particularly in exploring the neurobiological and genetic factors of catatonia,to enhance our understanding and improve treatment *** editorial succinctly aims to demystify catatonia and provide valuable insights for clinicians and researchers in mental health care.

关键词： Catatonia schizophrenia Neuropsychiatry Benzodiazepines Electroconvulsive therapy Bush-Francis screening instrument Diagnosis

Association of retreating monsoon and extreme air pollution in a megacity

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2021年第8期33卷 97-104页

作者： Gufran Beig Aditi rathod suvarna Tikle sujit Maji s.B.sobhana Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology Ministry of Earth SciencesPune 411008India

The world’s top ranked mega city Delhi is known for deteriorated air ***,the analysis of air pollution data of 5 years(2014–2018)reveals that years 2016 and 2017,which were marked by an unusual delayed withdrawal of monsoon,witnessed an unprecedented extreme levels of toxic PM2.5 particles(≤2.5μm in diameter)touching a peak level of~760μg/m3(24 hr average),immediately after the monsoon retreat,surpassing WHO standards by~30 time and Indian national standards by~12 times,jeopardising lives of its ***,the normal monsoon withdrawal years do not show such extreme levels of *** high resolution WRF-Chem model along with meteorological data are used in this work to understand that how the delayed monsoon withdrawal and associated vagarious anticyclonic circulation resulted in trapping externally generated pollutants ceaselessly under colder conditions,leading to historic air quality crisis in landlocked mega city in these selected *** sensitivity analysis confirmed that when WRF-chem model forced the climatology of normal monsoon year(2015)to simulate the pollution scenario of 2016 and 2017 for the above time period,the crisis *** findings suggest that such unusual monsoon patterns are on the hook to spur extreme pollution events in recent time.

关键词： Monsoon Air pollution Climatology WRF-Chem Extreme events PM2.5

Gravity flow of pulsatile blood through a porous medium under periodic body acceleration and magnetic field in an inclined tube

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International Journal of Biomathematics 2016年第2期9卷 139-157页

作者： shakera Tanveer V. P. rathod Department of Mathematics Government First Grade CollegeAfzalpur 585301 Gulbarga Karnataka India Department of MathematicsCNCs Haramaya University Ethiopia

Mathematical model for the pulsatile blood flow through a porous medium under the influence of periodic body acceleration for gravity flow along an inclined tube by considering blood as a couple stress, incompressible and electrically conducting fluid in the presence of magnetic field has been investigated. Analytical expressions for axial velocity, flow rate, fluid acceleration and shear stress are obtained by applying the Laplace and finite Hankel＇s transforms. The velocity profiles for various values of Hartmann number, couple stress parameters and the angle of inclination are shown graphically. Also the effects of body acceleration, Womerseley parameters and permeability parameters have been discussed. The results obtained in the present mathematical model for different values of the parameters involved in the problem show that the flow of blood is influenced by the effect of magnetic field, the porous medium and the inclination angle. The present model is compared with the other existing models. Through this theoretical investigation, the applications of magnetic field have also been indicated in the field of biological, biomedical and engineering sciences.

关键词： Magnetic field body acceleration porous media couple stress fluid inclination angle gravity flow blood-borne diseases.

Ultrasound-assisted intensified aqueous extraction of phenolics from waste syzygium cumini leaves:Kinetic studies and evaluation of antioxidant,antidiabetic and anticancer potential

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Food Bioscience 2022年第2期46卷 594-604页

作者： Komal V.Mahindrakar Virendra K.rathod Department of Chemical Engineering Institute of Chemical TechnologyMatunga(E)Mumbai400019India

This is the first report illustrating the extraction of total phenolic compounds(TPC)using the ultrasound-assisted aqueous extraction(UsAE)technique from waste syzygium cumini leaves(WsCL).A kinetic study indicated that Peleg’s model was appropriately fitted to the experimental data when the effect of different parameters was checked on extraction with respect to *** yields of total phenolic contents(TPC)and total flavonoid contents(TFC)were 78.38 mg GAE/g,and 10.15 mg CE/g,respectively,at optimized parameters of 1:25 WsCL:water,35℃ temperature,134 W power,50%duty cycle and in 9 min of sonication *** yields of TPC and TFC obtained by 5 sequential stirred batch extraction were 79.36 mg GAE/g and 10 mg CE/g,*** cost and energy requirement of the UsAE process was around 3000 times less than that of the soxhlet *** images showed the changes in the morphology of the WsCL surface area before and after ultrasonic *** analysis showed the presence of O-H,N-H,C-H,C=C,and halogenated functional *** obtained WsCL extract showed antioxidant potential with an IC_(50) value of 15.64μg/***_(50) values of extract forα-amylase andα-glucosidase inhibitions were 8.3 and 6.64μg/*** activity against breast,cervical,and lung cancer showed the potential with GI50 values 252.8,112.5,and 97.8μg/mL,*** extract of syzygium cumini leaves can be used to treat oxidative stress,diabetes,and cancer.

关键词： syzygium cumini leaves Ultrasound-assisted extraction Antioxidant phenolic compounds Anticancer activity Antidiabetic activity

size effects on electrical properties of sol–gel grown chromium doped zinc oxide nanoparticles

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Journal of Materials science & Technology 2018年第3期34卷 488-495页

作者： Zalak Joshi Davit Dhruv K.N.rathod J.H.Markna A.satyaprasad A.D.Joshi P.s.solanki N.A.shah Department of Physics Saurashtra University Department of Nanotechnology V.V.P.Engineering College FCIPT Institute for Plasma Research Department of Nanoscience and Advanced Materials Saurashtra University

In this communication, we report the results of the studies on electrical properties of Zn0.95Cr0.05O nanoparticles synthesized using sol-gel method. X-ray diffraction （XRD） and transmission electron microscopy （TEM） measurements were performed for the structural and microstructural behaviors of the nanoparticles. Rietveld analysis was carried out to confirm the single phasic nature. High resolution TEM （HRTEM） confirms the nanoscale nature and polycrystalline orientations in the samples. Dielectric response has been understood in the context of universal dielectric response （UDR） model along with the Koop＇s theory and Maxwell - Wagner （M-W） mechanism. Variation in ac conductivity with frequency has been discussed in detail in terms of power law fits. Results of the impedance measurements have been explained on the basis of crystal cores and crystal boundary density. Cole - cole behavior has been studied for the impedance data. For potential application of nanoparticles, average normalized change （ANC） in impedance has been estimated and discussed in the light of size effects and oxygen vacancies.

关键词： size effects Electrical properties sol-gelZinc oxide Nanoparticles

An improved LC–Ms/Ms method for the quantification of alverine and para hydroxy alverine in human plasma for a bioequivalence study

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2017年第2期7卷 95-102页

作者： Dhiraj M.rathod Keyur R.Patel Hiren N.Mistri Arvind G.Jangid Pranav s.shrivastav Mallika sanyal Department of Chemistry Kadi Sarva VishwavidyalayaGandhinagarAhmedabad-382015India Bioanalytical Research Department Accutest Research LabBodakdevAhmedabad-380059India Department of Chemistry School of SciencesGujarat UniversityAhmedabad-380009India Department of Chemistry St.Xavier's CollegeNavrangpuraAhmedabad-380009India

A highly sensitive and selective high performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry method was developed and validated for the quantification of alverine（ALV） and its active metabolite, para hydroxy alverine（PHA）, in human plasma. For sample preparation, solid phase extraction of analytes was performed on Phenomenex strata-X cartridges using alverine-d5 as the internal standard. The analytes were separated on symmetry shield RP18（150 mm×3.9 mm, 5 μm） column with a mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile and10 mM ammonium formate（65：35, v/v）. Detection and quantitation was done by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry in the positive mode using multiple reaction monitoring. The assay method was fully validated over the concentration range of 15.0–15,000 pg/mL for ALV and 30.0–15,000 pg/mL for PHA. The intra-day and inter-day accuracy and precision（% CV） ranged from 94.00% to 96.00% and 0.48% to 4.15% for both the analytes. The mean recovery obtained for ALV and PHA was 80.59% and 81.26%, respectively. Matrix effect,expressed as Is-normalized matrix factor ranged from 0.982 to 1.009 for both the analytes. The application of the method was demonstrated for the specific analysis of ALV and PHA for a bioequivalence study in 52 healthy subjects using 120 mg ALV capsules. The assay reproducibility was also verified by reanalysis of 175 incurred subject samples.

关键词： Alverine Para hydroxy alverine Liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry Bioequivalence study Human plasma

simultaneous analysis of allopurinol and oxypurinol using a validated liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry method in human plasma

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2017年第1期7卷 56-62页

作者： Dhiraj M. rathod Keyur R. Patel Hiren N. Mistri Arvind G. Jangid Pranav s. shrivastav Mallika sanyal Department of Chemistry Kadi Sarva Vishwavidyalaya Gandhinagar Ahmedabad 382015 India Bioanalytical Research Department Accutest Research Lab Bodakdev Ahmedabad 380059 India Department of Chemistry School of Sciences Gujarat University Ahmedabad 380009 India Department of Chemistry St. Xavier's College Navrangpura Ahmedabad 380009 India

The present study describes a simple, reliable and reproducible liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry method(LC–Ms/Ms) for the simultaneous determination of allopurinol and its active metabolite,oxypurinol in human plasma for a pharmacokinetic/bioequivalence study. After protein precipitation(PPT) of100 μL plasma sample with 1.0% formic acid in acetonitrile, the recovery of the analytes and allopurinol-d2 as an internal standard ranged from 85.36% to 91.20%. The analytes were separated on Hypersil Gold(150 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm) column using 0.1% formic acid-acetonitrile(98:2, v/v) as the mobile *** was done using electrospray ionization in the positive mode. The calibration concentration range was established from 60.0 to 6000 ng/m L for allopurinol and 80.0–8000 ng/m L for oxypurinol. Matrix effect in human plasma, expressed as Is-normalized matrix factors ranged from 1.003 to 1.030 for both the analytes. The developed method was found suitable for a clinical study with 300 mg allopurinol tablet formulation in healthy subjects.

关键词： Allopurinol Oxypurinol Liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry Bioequivalence study

Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for simultaneous determination of albendazole and albendazole sulfoxide in human plasma for bioequivalence studies

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2016年第4期6卷 226-234页

作者： Dhiraj M.rathod Keyur R.Patel Hiren N.Mistri Arvind G.Jangid Pranav s.shrivastav Mallika sanyal Department of Chemistry Kadi Sarva Vishwavidyalaya Bioanalytical Research Department Accutest Research Lab Department of Chemistry School of SciencesGujarat University Department of Chemistry St.Xavier's College

An improved high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry（LC-Ms/Ms） method has been developed for sensitive and rapid determination of albendazole（ABZ） and its active metabolite,albendazole sulfoxide（ABZsO）,in the positive ionization *** method utilized solid phase extraction（sPE） for sample preparation of the analytes and their deuterated internal standards（Iss） from100 μL human *** chromatography was carried out on Hypurity C_（18） column using acetonitrile-2.0 mM ammonium acetate,pH 5.0（80：20,v/v） as the mobile *** assay exhibited a linear response over the concentration range of 0.200-50.0 ng/mL for ABZ and 3.00-600 ng/mL for *** recoveries of the analytes and Iss ranged from 86.03%-89.66%and 89.85%-98.94%,*** effect,expressed as Is-normalized matrix factors,ranged from 0.985 to 1.042 for the both *** method was successfully applied for two separate studies in healthy subjects using single dose of 400 mg conventional tablets and 400 mg chewable ABZ tablets,respectively.

关键词： Albendazole Albendazole sulfoxide LC-Ms/Ms solid phase extraction Bioequivalence study