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Influence of broken kernels content on soybean quality during storage

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Grain & Oil Science and Technology 2024年第2期7卷 105-112页

作者： Lazaro da costa Correa Canizares Cesar Augusto Gaioso Newiton da Silva Timm Silvia Leticia Rivero Meza Adriano Hirsch Ramos Maurício de Oliveira everton Lutz Moacir Cardoso Elias Department of Agroindustry Science and Technology Federal University of PelotasPelotasRio Grande do Sul 96010-900Brazil Information and Communication Technological Axis Federal Institute of EducationScienceand Technology FarroupilhaCampus PanambiPanambiRio Grande do Sul 98280-000Brazil

Although it is recognized that the post-harvest system is most responsible for the loss of soybean quality,the real impact of this loss is still *** regulation allows 15%and 30%of broken soybean for group I and group II(quality groups),***,the industry is not informed about the loss in the quality parameters of soybeans and its impacts during long-term ***,the objective was to evaluate the effect of the breakage kernel percentage of soybean stored for 12 *** of 15% of breakage kernels did not affect soybean ***,content of 30% of breakage kernels affected significantly soybean quality,which was evidenced by the increase of up to 75% in moldy soybeans,72% in acidity,50% in leached solids,27% in electrical conductivity,and the decrease of up to 12% in soluble protein,6.4% in germination and 3.5% in thousand kernel weight after 8 months of *** the legislation establishes a percentage limit,it is recommended to store soybeans with up to 15% breakage *** the contrary,values higher than that can cause a significant reduction in soybean quality,resulting in commercial losses.

关键词： Soybean quality Breakage kernels Storage problems Grain defects Quality parameters

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Distinct T helper cell-mediated antitumor immunity:T helper 2 cells in focus

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Cancer Pathogenesis and Therapy 2023年第1期1卷 76-86页

作者： rafael Cardoso Maciel costa Silva Marcela Freitas Lopes Leonardo Holanda Travassos Laboratory of Immunoreceptors and Signaling Carlos Chagas Filho Biophysics InstituteFederal University of Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro 21941-902Brazil Laboratory of Immunity Biology George DosReis Carlos Chagas Filho Biophysics InstituteFederal University of Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro 21941-902Brazil

The adaptive arm of the immune system is crucial for appropriate antitumor immune *** is generally accepted that clusters of differentiation 4^(+)(CD4^(+))T cells,which mediate T helper(Th)1 immunity(type 1 immunity),are the primary Th cell subtype associated with tumor *** this review,we discuss evidence showing that antitumor immunity and better prognosis can be associated with distinct Th cell subtypes in experimental mouse models and humans,with a focus on Th2 *** aim of this review is to provide an overview and understanding of the mechanisms associated with different tumor outcomes in the face of immune responses by focusing on the(1)site of tumor development,(2)tumor properties(i.e.,tumor metabolism and cytokine receptor expression),and(3)type of immune response that the tumor initially ***,we discuss how low-tolerance organs,such as lungs and brains,might benefit from a less tissue-destructive immune response mediated by Th2 *** addition,Th2 cells antitumor effects can be independent of CD8^(+)T cells,which would circumvent some of the immune escape mechanisms that tumor cells possess,like low expression of major histocompatibility-I(MHC-I).Finally,this review aims to stimulate further studies on the role of Th2 cells in antitumor immunity and briefly discusses emerging treatment options.

关键词： Cancer Immunology Adaptive immunity Immunotherapy Immunogenetics Antitumor immune response

腺苷受体是调节大脑内侧前额叶皮质星形胶质细胞大麻素1型(CB1)受体对突触可塑性作用的开关

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神经损伤与功能重建 2024年第4期19卷 250-250页

作者： Joana Gon?alves-ribeiro Oksana K Savchak Sara costa-Pinto Joana I Gomes rafael Rivas-Santisteban Alejandro Lillo Javier Sánchez Romero Ana M Sebasti?o Marta Navarrete Gemma Navarro rafael Franco Sandra H Vaz Instituto de Farmacologia e Neurociencias Faculdade de MedicinaUniversidade de Lisboa Instituto de Medicina Molecular Joao Lobo Antunes Faculdade de MedicinaUniversidade de Lisboa Department of Biochemistry and Physiology School of Pharmacy and Food ScienceUniversitat de Barcelona CiberNed Network Center for Neurodegenerative DiseasesNational Spanish Health Institute Carlos Ⅲ 5. Instituto CajalCSIC PhD Program in Neuroscience Universidad Autonoma de Madrid-Instituto Cajal Institut de Neurociencies Universitat de Barcelona Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiomedicineFaculty of Biology School of Chemistry Universitat de Barcelona

内侧前额叶皮质(mPFC)参与诸如工作记忆等认知功能。星形胶质细胞大麻素1型受体(CB1R)诱导细胞质内钙离子(Ca2+)浓度变化,对神经元功能产生影响。mPFC的星形胶质细胞也表达腺苷A1和A2A受体(A1R,A2AR),但目前尚不清楚这些细胞中的CB1R与... 详细信息

内侧前额叶皮质(mPFC)参与诸如工作记忆等认知功能。星形胶质细胞大麻素1型受体(CB1R)诱导细胞质内钙离子(Ca2+)浓度变化,对神经元功能产生影响。mPFC的星形胶质细胞也表达腺苷A1和A2A受体(A1R,A2AR),但目前尚不清楚这些细胞中的CB1R与腺苷受体之间的交流。我们在这里展示,通过CB1R-A2AR或CB1R-A1R异源二聚体,星形胶质细胞Ca2+信号传递发生了进一步的调节,最终影响mPFC突触可塑性。当A1R和A2AR被激活时,CB1R介导的Ca2+瞬变出现增加或减少,揭示了腺苷受体可能是星形胶质细胞CB1R的调节器。CB1R的激活导致mPFC的长时程增强(LTP)增强,受A1R控制,但不受A2AR控制。值得注意的是,在IP3R2KO小鼠中,由于没有显示出星形胶质细胞Ca2+水平升高,CB1R的激活减少了LTP,这种效果不受A1R或A2AR的调节。本研究表明,CB1R在mPFC LTP上具有稳态作用,受到A1R的控制,可能是由于这些受体在星形胶质细胞中的交流,最终改变了CB1R Ca2+信号传递。

关键词： CB1受体腺苷受体星形胶质细胞内侧前额叶皮质突触可塑性

Correlation between therapy and lipid profile of leprosy patients:is there a higher risk for developing cardiovascular diseases after treatment?

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2017年第1期6卷 721-727页

作者： Rosalba V.G.Silva rafael Sde Araujo Tinara L.S.Aarao Paulo Diovanne da Silva costa Jorge R.Sousa Juarez A.S.Quaresma Bettina Ferro de Souza Hospital Federal do Para UniversityBelemParaBrazil Center of Health and Biological Science Para State UniversityBelemParaBrazil Tropical Medicine Center Federal do Para UniversityAv.Generalissimo Deodoro 92UmarizalBelemPara66055-190Brazil

Background:The impact of leprosy reduces health-related quality of life of affected patients,interfering with different factors such as *** study investigated the lipid profile,nutritional status,and risk for cardiovascular disease(CVD)in patients who underwent leprosy treatment in ***:Eighty-four adult patients of both genders ranging in age from 20 to 60 years and diagnosed with paucibacillary(PB)or multibacillary(MB)leprosy were selected after undergoing multidrug *** following data were collected:sociodemographic and clinical data;food intake;anthropometric measures(weight,height,and waist circumference);and lipid profile components(total cholesterol,high-density lipoprotein cholesterol[HDL-c],low-density lipoprotein cholesterol[LDL-c],and triglycerides).Results:Among the study population,there was a predominance of males(65.48%)aged 50 to 60 years,patients with an income of 248-496 American dollars(63.10%),patients who completed elementary school(65.48%),inactive patients(76.19%),non-smokers(46.43%),and non-drinking patients(69.05%).The levels(mean±standard deviation)of total cholesterol were 193.8±29.4 mg/dL in the PB form and 203.5±41.7 mg/dL in the MB *** mean LDL-c was 116.9±22.7 mg/dL in PB patients and 121±31.3 mg/dL in MB *** triglyceride levels were 123.4±45.2 mg/dL in the PB form and 147.4±88.9 mg/dL in the MB *** evaluation of nutritional status showed that 41.67%of the patients were eutrophic,while 55.96%had excess *** intake was significantly associated with HDL-c in male patients(P=0.0264)and with triglycerides in patients above the ideal weight(P=0.0049).Conclusions:The risk of acquiring CVDs was observed to be high due to patients’excess weight and increased waist *** study will guide clinicians in the adequate treatment of patients with leprosy in order to avoid adverse cardiovascular events.

关键词： Leprosy Post-leprosy treatment Nutritional status Total cholesterol Triglycerides Cardiovascular disease Brazil

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Contribution of inrush current to mechanical failure of power transformers windings

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High Voltage 2019年第4期4卷 300-307页

作者： rafael M.R.Barros Edson Gda costa Jalberth F.Araujo Filipe L.Mde Andrade Tarso V.Ferreira Department of Electrical Engineering Federal University of Campina GrandeAprigio Veloso St.882Campina GrandeBrazil

This work presents a study regarding the contribution of inrush current to the occurrence of mechanical fatigue in windings of a power transformer and,consequently,the impact of that phenomenon on the equipment's *** order to perform the study,electromagnetic transient simulations were used to determine the inrush current in a three-phase transformer ***,three-dimensional simulations,based on the finite element method,were performed to determine the electromechanical stresses in the equipment windings,under the effect of the inrush ***,the methods of critical plans and Palmgren–Miner were applied to perform the fatigue *** the results,the impact of inrush current on the integrity of the transformer's windings was determined,as well as,to estimate the reduction of lifespan of the equipment due to inrush *** number of inrushes needed for the total reduction of lifespan of the equipment due to mechanical fatigue was also *** results can be used in the transformers design stage,with the purpose of assisting the evaluation of mechanical withstand of equipment,which can minimise the possibility of failure and increase its lifespan.

关键词： winding fatigue power

Evaluation of Inherent Uncertainties of the Homogeneous Effective Thermal Conductivity Approach in Modeling of Printed Circuit Boards for Space Applications

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Journal of Electronics Cooling and Thermal Control 2013年第1期3卷 35-41页

作者： rafael Lopes costa Valeri Vlassov Space Mechanics and Control Division/National Institute for Space Research(DMC/INPE) Sao Jose dos CamposBrazil

Electronic components are normally assembled to printed circuit boards (PCBs). Such components generate heat in operation which must be conducted away efficiently from the small mounting areas to frames where the PCB is fixed. The temperature of the component depends on heat dissipation rate, technology and parameters of mounting, component placement and finally effective thermal conductivity (keff) of the board. The temperature of some components may reach significant magnitudes over 100°C while the PCB frame is kept at near-ambient temperature. The reliability of electronic components is directly related to operating temperature;?so the thermal project should be able to provide a correct temperature prediction of all PCB components under the hottest operational condition. In space applications, the main way to spread and reject heat of electronic equipment is by thermal conduction once there is no air available to apply convection-based cooling techniques. The PCB keff is an important parameter for the electronics thermal analysis when the PCB is modeled as a simplified homogeneous board with a unique thermal conductivity. In this paper, an intrinsic uncertainty of such approach is firstly reveled and its magnitude is evaluated for a real space use PCB. The simulation uses SINda/FLUINT Thermal Desktop and aims to determine the keff of the PCB by comparison between a detailed multi-layered anisotropic model and an equivalent homogeneous single-layer model. The model was validated using available data for two-layered FR4-copper PCB. Multiple simulations are performed with different dissipating component position and mounting area.

关键词： PCB Spacecraft Thermal Control Effective Conductivity

Volatile organic compound emission and biochemical properties of degraded Ultisols ameliorated by no tillage and liming

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Pedosphere 2020年第5期30卷 597-606页

作者： Laura GIAGNONI Cosimo TAITI Paloma LEON Corrado costa Paolo MENESATTI rafael ESPEJO Clara GOMEZ-PACCARD Chiquinquira HONTORIA Eduardo VAZQUEZ Marta BENITO Stefano MANCUSO Giancarlo RENELLA Department of Agriculture FoodEnvironment and Forestry(DAGRI)University of FlorenceP.le delle Cascine 18Florence 50144(Italy) Departamento de Production Agraria E.T.S.I.AgrondmicaAlimentaria y de BiosistemasUniversidad Politecnica de MadridAvda.Complutense s/nMadrid 28040(Spain) Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e I'Analisi dell'Economia Agraria(CREA)-Unita di Ricerca per ilngegneria Agraria via della Pascolare 16Monterotondo ScaloRM 00015(Italy) Department of Soil Biogeochemistry and Soil Ecology University of BayreuthDr.Hans-Frisch-Strafie 1-3Bayreuth 95448(Germany) University of Padua Department of AgronomyFoodNatural ResourcesAnimals and Environment(DAFNAE)Viale dell'Universita 16Legnaro 35020(Italy)

TTie Ultisols in the Rana de Canamero area in Southwest Spain showed aluminum(Al)phytotoxicity,and the clearance of natural vegetation and decades of intensive conventional agriculture caused the deplation of soil organic matter(SOM).Therefore,we studied the long-term effects of no tillage and liming using sugar beet foam(SF)and red gypsum(RG),alone or in combination,on the restoration of Ultisols affected by acidification,Al phytotoxicity,and SOM *** measured the main soil chemical properties,soil microbial biomass,soil enzyme activities involved in carbon,nitrogen,phosphorus,and sulfur mineralization,and the emission of volatile organic compounds(VOCs).The results indicated that liming effectively neutralized the soil acidity in the long term and,in combination with no tillage,significantly increased soil microbial biomass and enzyme ***-three VOCs were detected using the proton transfer reaction-time of flight(PTR-ToF)technique,and both liming and tillage changed the VOC emission *** greatest difference in VOC emission pattern was observed between no-tilled un-amended soils and tilled lime-amended soils,suggesting the activation of different metabolic pathways within the microbial communities of soils under different *** in VOC emission patterns could be attributed to the decomposition of carbohydrates,which were also sustained by the higher enzyme activities in the lime-amended soils.

关键词： carbohydrate decomposition degraded soils long-term field trial soil acidity soil enzyme activities soil microbial biomass soil restoration

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Gas Exchange and Growth of Medicinal Plant Subjected to Salinity and Application of Biofertilizers

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2014年第16期5卷 2520-2527页

作者： Sergiane Beatriz da Silva Mesquita Jose Adriano da Silva rafael Santiago da costa Moises Wilkson Nunes dos Santos Claudivan Feitosa de Lacerda Aiala Vieira Amorim Antonio Marcos Esmeraldo Bezerra Universidade da Integracao Internacional da Lusofonia Afro-Brasileira(UNILAB) Campus da LiberdadeRedencaoBrasil Universidade Federal do Ceará(UFC) FortalezaBrasil

The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of biofertilizers and saline waters on gas exchange and growth of medicinal plant Plectrantus amboinicus. The experiment was conducted in the period February to May 2013 in a greenhouse. The experimental design was completely randomized in a 2 × 4 factorial arrangement, with two levels of salinity of irrigation water (ECw: 0.7 and 3.1 dS m-1) and four levels of bovine liquid biofertilizer applied to the soil, corresponding to 0%, 10%, 20% and 30% of the soil volume, with five replications. The experiment lasted 60 days, counted from the beginning of the treatments. The stomatal conductance (gs), photosynthesis (A), transpiration (E), intrinsic water use efficiency (WUEi) were performed at the end of the experiment, and the height, number of leaves and stem diameter at the beginning and at the end. Generally plants subjected to salinity of irrigation water of 3.1 dS m-1 had the lowest values of gas exchange. Moreover, the application of biofertilizers and the interaction between this and salinity did not affect any growth variable studied except the stem length in the final phase which was influenced by salinity at 5% probability by F test. The average values of this variable were 57.22 cm and 69.65 cm when applied water ECw: 0.7 to 3.1 dS m-1, respectively. The application of biofertilizers can reduce the effect of salinity on the final plant height of Plectrantus amboinicus, especially when the plants were fertilized with a dose of 20% of biofertilizers.

关键词： Medicinal Plants Salt Stress Fertilizers

Fungal rhinosinusitis with atypical presentation-a report of two cases

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Journal of Coastal Life Medicine 2015年第5期 418-420页

作者： rafael da costa Monsanto Rodrigo Silva Orem Fernanda Resende e Silva Fabio Hiroshi Okuyama Fabio Tadeu Moura Lorenzetti Department of Otolaryngology Banco de Olhos de Sorocaba HospitalBrazil Faculdade de Medicina da Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo Brazil

Rhinosinusitis affects approximately 20%of the population,and the chronic rhinosinusitis represents over 90%of all cases of *** correct diagnosis is important for proper treatment and to predict its *** study presents two cases of atypical frontal sinus disease,which the follow-up revealed a diagnosis of fungal *** present study aims to describe the cases of two patients with atypical lesions on the left frontal sinus;the treatment options,surgical approach,results,diagnosis and follow-up are further discussed.A significant increase in the reported cases of fungal rhinosinusitis has been seen in the last two decades,justified by the use of broad-spectrum antibiotics and steroids,as well as the increased number of immunocompromised *** study reports the cases of two patients with a type of fungal rhinosinusitis named"fungal ball",characterized by a tangle of hyphae in the sinuses without tissue *** treatment included surgical removal of the fungal infectious process with aeration of the affected sinus,and the procedure was successfully performed in our patients.

关键词： Frontal sinusitis Fungus Treatment Surgery