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Effectiveness of overuse injury prevention programs on upper extremity performance in overhead youth athletes:A systematic review

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Sports Medicine and Health Science 2023年第2期5卷 91-100页

作者： rachel Y.Lau Swarup Mukherjee Physical Education and Sport Science Academic Group National Institute of EducationNanyang Technological University Singapore1 Nanyang Walk637616Singapore

Several targeted upper extremity injury prevention programs have been developed to mitigate the risk of upper extremity overuse injuries among youth athletes in overhead sports;however,their effectiveness on performance outcome measures has not been *** systematic review evaluated the effectiveness of existing upper extremity injury prevention programs that focused on modifying intrinsic risk factors,and performance outcome measures in overhead youth *** secondary aim was to identify the training components of these ***,Physiotherapy Evidence Database(PEDro),SPORTDiscus(via EBSCOhost),and Web of Science were searched from January 2000 to November 2020 for studies that implemented training programs or exercises for upper extremity injury prevention among youth athletes in overhead throwing or striking *** updated search was conducted from December 2020 to October 2022.A program was deemed effective for a performance outcome measure if significant improvements were observed in the intervention group as compared to the control *** the 1394 studies identified,five studies met the inclusion *** effectiveness of the injury prevention programs on the identified performance outcome measures of strength,mobility,and sport-specific measures were 30.4%,28.6%,and 22.2%,*** training components targeted were strength,mobility,and *** was the most common training component and was also the most widely investigated performance outcome ***,current upper extremity injury prevention programs seem effective at improving performance outcome measures of strength,mobility,and sport-specific outcomes with training components of strength,mobility and *** protocols are required for the measurement and reporting of performance outcomes measures,and the reporting of training components.

关键词： Youth sports Overhead athlete Overuse injury Injury prevention Shoulder Elbow

Microstructure refinement in biodegradable Zn-Cu-Ca alloy for enhanced mechanical properties,degradation homogeneity,and strength retention in simulated physiological condition

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第30期125卷 1-14页

作者： Nan Yang Nagasivamuni Balasubramani Jeffrey Venezuela Helle Bielefeldt-Ohmann rachel Allavena Sharifah Almathami Matthew Dargusch Queensland Centre for Advanced Materials Processing and Manufacturing(AMPAM)School of Mechanical and Mining Engineering The University of QueenslandAdvanced Engineering BuildingBld 49Staff House Rd.St LuciaQLD 4072Australia School of Veterinary Science The University of QueenslandGattonQLD 4343Australia School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences The University of QueenslandQLD 4072Australia

Zn-1.0Cu-0.5Ca(TA15)alloy has shown promising characteristics of enhanced mechanical properties and biodegradability for absorbable cardiovascular stents,endovascular devices,and wound closure devices *** this study,the TA15 alloy for bioabsorbable biomedical applications is *** the conventionally cast TA15(TA15-C)alloy,CaZn_(13) phase are present as a large dendritic network with an average size of 73.25±112.84μm,Hot rolling of the TA15-C alloy has broken the long and dendritic network of the CaZn_(13) phases,however,the refined phases are observed as segregations and the distribution is *** segregated CaZn_(13) suffered heavy localised corrosion which lead to poor mechanical properties in the as-fabricated condition and after *** treatment(UST)during casting is identified as an effective technique for the refinement and redistribution of CaZn_(13) particles in TA15 alloy,which successfully reduce the size of the CaZn_(13) phase to 10.91±4.65μm in the as-solidified *** hot rolling,the UST processed TA15(TA15-UST)shows improved mechanical properties due to grain refinement and the reduction in microstructural defects,*** broken CaZn_(13) *** of 8-week immersion corrosion tests showed that both alloys possess very similar corrosion ***,TA15-UST has markedly improved corrosion homogeneity compared to TA15-N which favours the retention of mechanical properties even after prolonged exposure to physiological fluids.

关键词： Biodegradable Zn alloy Peritectic phase refinement In vitro corrosion Mechanical property retention Cytocompatibility

Late and very late onset group B Streptococcus sepsis:one and the same?

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2014年第1期10卷 24-28页

作者： Joseph B Cantey Courtney Baldridge rachel Jamison Leticia A Shanley Department of Pediatrics University of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTXUSA

Background:This study aimed to describe the clinical characteristics of group B Streptococcus(GBS)sepsis in infants aged 4–90 days[late onset(LO)]compared to infants>90 days of age[very late onset(VLO)].Methods:Microbiology records at Children’s Medical Center Dallas were ***,clinical,and outcome data were collected for infants with GBS recovered from blood or cerebrospinal fluid culture from January 1,2006 to July 1,***:Totally 48 infants were identified(42 LO,6 VLO).Infants with VLO sepsis had lower median gestational age(28.5 vs.39 weeks gestation,P<0.001)and longer median nursery admissions(8.8 vs.0.5 weeks,P=0.004).When gestational age was controlled for,there were no differences in clinical presentation,intensive care unit admission,length of stay,neurodevelopmental outcome,and *** with VLO sepsis were more likely to receive vancomycin(83%vs.33%,P=0.02)or third-generation cephalosporins(83%vs.24%,P=0.009),and more likely to continue on those agents even after GBS was ***:Infants with VLO sepsis had lower gestational ages and longer nursery stays than infants with LO *** age at presentation,there were no significant differences in clinical presentations,hospital course,frequency of neurodevelopmental sequelae,and mortality in infants presenting with LO *** GBS *** with VLO sepsis were more likely to receive empiric broad spectrum antimicrobials and more likely to continue receiving broad therapy even following GBS identification.

关键词： group B Streptococcus infant meningitis sepsis

Addressing the variation in hepatic surgery for colorectal liver metastasis

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2021年第1期10卷 103-106页

作者： rachel V.Guest Kjetil Søreide Department of Clinical Surgery University of EdinburghLittle France CrescentEdinburghUK Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery HPB UnitStavanger University HospitalStavangerNorway Department of Clinical Medicine University of BergenBergenNorway

Introduction Liver surgery for colorectal liver metastasis(CRLM)has evolved considerably over the past two *** chemotherapy regimens and effective targeted therapy,changes in the view of resectability criteria and evolution of safer surgical principles have led to increasing resection rates and better overall survival for an increasing number of patients with stage IV colorectal cancer(1).

关键词： metastasis colorectal surgery

Acorn size and tolerance to seed predators:the multiple roles of acorns as food for seed predators,fruit for dispersal and fuel for growth

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Integrative Zoology 2018年第3期13卷 251-266页

作者： Andrew W.BARTLOW Salvatore JAGOSTA rachel CURTIS Xianfeng YI Michael ASTEELE Department of Biology and The WIESS Institute for Environmental Science and Sustainability Wilkes UniversityWilkes BarrePennsylvaniaUSA Present address:Department of Biology University of UtahSalt Lake CityUtahUSA Center for Environmental Studies and Department of Biology Virginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVirginiaUSA Present address:Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexasUSA College of Life Sciences Jiangxi Normal UniversityNanchangJiangxiChina.

Fitness of parents and offspring is affected by offspring *** oaks(Quercus spp.),acorns vary considerably in size across,and within,*** size influences dispersal and establishment of oaks,but it is not known whether size imparts tolerance to seed ***,we examine the relative extent to which cotyledon size serves as both a means for sustaining partial consumption and energy reserves for developing seedlings during early stages of *** of 6 oak species were damaged to simulate acorn predation by vertebrate and invertebrate seed *** germination/emergence and growth rates were used to assess seedling *** predicted that if cotyledons are important for dispersal,acorns should show tolerance to partial seed ***,if the cotyledon functions primarily as an energy reserve,damage should significantly influence seedling *** of each species germinated and produced seedlings even after removing>50%of the *** mass explained only some of the variation in *** species,larger acorns performed better than smaller acorns when *** acorns performed as well or better than damaged *** was no pattern among individual species with increasing amounts of *** some species,simulated invertebrate damage resulted in the poorest performance,suggesting alternative strategies of oaks to sustain *** cotyledons in acorns may be important for attracting seed dispersers and sustaining partial damage,while also providing energy to young *** of oak establishment may follow from the resilience of acorns to sustain damage at an early stage.

关键词： acorns damage tolerance dispersal Quercus seed size

SARS-COV-2 outbreak and control in Kenya - Mathematical model analysis

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2021年第1期6卷 370-380页

作者： rachel Waema Mbogo Titus Okello Orwa Institute of Mathematical Sciences Strathmore UniversityBox ***NairobiKenya

The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic reached Kenya in March 2020 with the initial cases reported in the capital city Nairobi and in the coastal area *** reported by the World Health Organization,the outbreak of COVID-19 has spread across the world,killed many,collapsed economies and changed the way people live since it was first reported inWuhan,China,in the end of *** at the end of December 2020,it had led to over 2.8 million confirmed cases in Africa with over 67 thousand *** trend poses a huge threat to global public *** the early transmission dynamics of the infection and evaluating the effectiveness of control measures is crucial for assessing the potential for sustained transmission to occur in new *** employed a SEIHCRD mathematical transmission model with reported Kenyan data on cases of COVID-19 to estimate how transmission varies over *** model is concise in structure,and successfully captures the course of the COVID-19 outbreak,and thus sheds light on understanding the trends of the *** next generation matrix approach was adopted to calculate the basic reproduction number(R_(0))from the model to assess the factors driving the *** model illustrates the effect of mass testing on COVID-19 as well as individual self initiated behavioral *** results have significant impact on the management of COVID-19 and implementation of prevention *** results from the model analysis shows that aggressive and effective mass testing as well as individual self initiated behaviour change play a big role in getting rid of the COVID-19 epidemic otherwise the rate of infection will continue to increase despite the increased rate of recovery.

关键词： COVID-19 SEIHCRD-Model Social distancing Mass testing Compartmental model Basic reproduction number Simulations

Challenges of modern day transition care in inflammatory bowel disease: From inflammatory bowel disease to biosimilars

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第25期23卷 4473-4479页

作者： Ali Hakizimana Iftikhar Ahmed rachel Russell Mark Wright Nadeem A Afzal Department of Paediatrics University Hospital Southampton Department of Gastroenterology University Hospital Southampton Department of Hepatology University Hospital Southampton

In this article we discuss the challenges of delivering a high quality Transition care. A good understanding of the adolescent needs with good communication between Transition care physicians and the patient is essential for good continuity of care. Despite availability of several guidelines, one model doesn't fit all and any transition service development should be determined by the local need and available healthcare facilities.

关键词： Transition Adolescent Inflammatory bowel disease Biosimilar

A paradigm shift in models of oral health care:An example and a call to action

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2015年第4期3卷 32-37页

作者： Bradley Christian Martin Hall rachel Martin Oral Health North Richmond Community Health LimitedRichmondVIC 3121Australia

The consequences of oral disease are wide-ranging and can have a major impact on an indi-vidual’s and that person’s family’s quality of life.A range of factors interact to determine a person’s oral and general *** factors can be biological,social,economic,political,cultural,or environmental,in addition to knowledge,attitudes and *** models of oral health care,however,have generally ignored these factors and instead have focused on the treatment and management of existing pathology(tertiary prevention/downstream approach).This has had no effect on the rate of hospitalization or the inequitable distribution of dental *** reduce the prevalence and severity of oral diseases at the individual and population levels,holistic evidence-informed prevention-based health-promoting models of care that focus on upstream determinants of health are *** Oral Health Program at North Richmond Community Health in the state of Victoria,Australia,has developed an innovative model of oral health care based on the follow-ing principles:health promotion,disease prevention,risk-based access to care,client-and family-centered care,team-based provision of care,multidisciplinary care,and *** of this approach is currently being conducted to study the sustainability of such a model under the current public dental service funding model.

关键词： Delivery of health care health promotion oral health dental health services dentistry

Forecasting the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic in Kenya using SEIR and ARIMA models

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2022年第2期7卷 179-188页

作者： Joyce Kiarie Samuel Mwalili rachel Mbogo Institute of Mathematical Sciences Strathmore UniversityNairobiKenya School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and TechnologyNairobiKenya

COVID-19,a coronavirus disease 2019,is an ongoing pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2).The first case in Kenya was identified on March 13,2020,with the pandemic increasing to about 237,000 confirmed cases and 4,746 deaths by August *** developed an SEIR model forecasting the COVID-19 pandemic in Kenya using an Autoregressive Integrated moving averages(ARIMA)*** average time difference between the peaks of wave 1 to wave 4 was observed to be about 130 *** 4th wave was observed to have had the least number of daily cases at the *** to the forecasts made for the next 60 days,the pandemic is expected to continue for a *** 4th wave peaked on August 26,2021(498th day).By October 26,2021(60th day),the average number of daily infections will be 454 new cases and 40 severe cases,which would require hospitalization,and 16 critically ill cases requiring intensive care unit *** findings of this study are key in developing informed mitigation strategies to ensure that the pandemic is contained and inform the preparedness of policymakers and health care workers.

关键词： ARIMA COVID-19 Infectious disease model Forecasting SEIR Kenya pandemic