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Oviposition preference of swallowtail butterfly, Papilio polytes （Lepidoptera Papilionidae） on four Rutaceae （Sapindales） host plant species

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Insect Science 2010年第4期17卷 369-378页

作者： Suwarno M.R. Che Salmah arshad Ali A. Abu Hassan School of Biological Sciences Universiti Sains Malaysia 11800 Penang Malaysia Department of Biology Faculty of Science University Syiah Kuala 23111 Banda Aceh Indonesia University of Florida IFAS. Mid-Florida Research and Education Center 2725 Binion Road Apopka FL 32703-8504 USA

Oviposition preference and egg deposition site selection by the butterfly, Papilio polytes L. （Lepidoptera： Papilionidae） on four rutaceous host plants, Citrus aurantofolia （Christm.） Swing., Citrus hystrix DC., Citrus reticulata Blanco, and Murraya koenigii （L.） Sprengel, were assessed in field cages measuring 2 × 2 ×2 m. Simultaneous two-choice and four-choice oviposition tests of whole host plants were conducted. The mean total number of eggs laid per plant on C. reticulata in the two-choice test was significantly higher （P 〈 0.01） than those on C. aurantifolia, C. hystrix, andM. koenigii. Among the three other host plants, C. aurantifolia was preferred over C. hystrix, and M. koenigii （P 〈 0.01） and C. hystrix was preferred over M. koenigii （P 〈 0.01）. In the four-choice test, C. reticulata was highly preferred and significantly different from C. hystrix and M. koenigii. However, no oviposition preference was detected with C. aurantifolia. Among the various plant parts in the two- and four-choice tests, eggs on leaves of each plant were the highest, followed by numbers on stems, and negligible numbers on pots. These numbers on leaves of C. reticulata and C. aurantifolia were not significantly different （P 〉 0.05）, but differed significantly （P 〈 0.01） from those on leaves of C. hystrix and M. koenigii. The quantitative trend of egg-laying on stems was very similar to that observed for the leaves. Papilio polytes showed strong preference to lay eggs on the underside of leaves of all host plants than on the upper side or on the petiole. More eggs were laid on the upper side of each host plant than on its petiole. The four host plants in descending order of preference were C. reticulata 〉 C. aurantifolia 〉 C. hystrix 〉 M. koenigii. Although M. koenigii was the least preferred, it has the potential to serve as an alternative host plant for P. polytes which can be manipulated when necessary, to alleviate the infestation of this pest to the citrus industry.

关键词： Citrus aurantifolia Citrus hystrix Citrus reticulata Murraya koenigii ovipo-sition preference Papilio polytes

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Dispersive Solitary Wave Solutions of Strain Wave Dynamical Model and Its Stability

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2019年第10期71卷 1155-1162页

作者： Muhammad arshad Aly R.Seadawy Dian-Chen Lu Asghar Ali Faculty of Science Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013China Mathematics Department Faculty of ScienceTaibah UniversityAl-Madinah Al-MunawarahSaudi Arabia Department of Mathematics University of EducationMultan CampusPakistan

In the materials of micro-structured, the propagation of wave modeling should take into account the scale of various microstructures. The different kinds solitary wave solutions of strain wave dynamical model are derived via utilizing exp(-φ(ξ))-expansion and extended simple equation methods. This dynamical equation plays a key role in engineering and mathematical physics. Solutions obtained in this work include periodic solitary waves, Kink and antiKink solitary waves, bell-shaped solutions, solitons, and rational solutions. These exact solutions help researchers for knowing the physical phenomena of this wave equation. The stability of this dynamical model is examined via standard linear stability analysis, which authenticate that the model is stable and their solutions are exact. Graphs are depicted for knowing the movements of some solutions. The results show that the current methods, by the assist of symbolic calculation, give an effectual and direct mathematical tools for resolving the nonlinear problems in applied sciences.

关键词： exp(-∅(ξ))-expansion method improved simple equation method strain wave equation solitary waves periodic solutions

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天然草原综合风险评估与区划研究——基于多重风险相互作用的视角

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中国农业资源与区划 2023年第7期44卷 139-149页

作者：郭新雅赵元凤弓宇飞 Muhammad Umer arshad 内蒙古农业大学经济管理学院呼和浩特010018 内蒙古大学鸿德文理学院呼和浩特010000

[目的]在建立健全草原风险管理体系,保障草原生态安全和稳定草原畜牧业生产的背景下,草原保险的作用更加凸显。草原风险评估和区划作为草原保险设计的前提和基础,其准确性直接决定着草原保险条款的合理性及科学性。[方法]文章利用半定... 详细信息

[目的]在建立健全草原风险管理体系,保障草原生态安全和稳定草原畜牧业生产的背景下,草原保险的作用更加凸显。草原风险评估和区划作为草原保险设计的前提和基础,其准确性直接决定着草原保险条款的合理性及科学性。[方法]文章利用半定量化因果关系矩阵法、HP滤波模型、多种聚类分析法和单因素方差分析法。[结果]可将锡林郭勒草原分为低、中、高和极高4个风险区,各风险区间的差异显著,其中,低风险区呈现出致灾因子危险性低、承灾体脆弱性低和防灾减灾能力强的显著特点;中风险区呈现出承灾体暴露性水平高,但致灾因子危险性处于中等水平的显著特点;高风险区呈现出致灾因子危险性高,防灾减灾能力处于中等水平的典型特征;极高风险区呈现出承灾体脆弱性水平高,防灾减灾能力弱的典型特征。[结论]在厘定草原保险费率时,应考虑多种风险间的交互作用,构建合理的草原风险区划图。

关键词：天然草原草原风险风险评估风险区划锡林郭勒草原

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Structural and optical properties of Cr doped ZnO crystalline thin films deposited by reactive electron beam evaporation technique

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2013年第1期23卷 64-69页

作者： Amjid Iqbal arshad Mahmood Taj Muhammad Khan Ejaz Ahmed National Institute of Laser and Optronics(NILOP) P.O.NiloreIslamabad 45650Pakistan Physics Division PINSTECH P.O.NiloreIslamabad 45650Pakistan

ZnO and Cr-doped ZnO thin films are grown on to glass substrates using reactive electron beam(e-beam) evaporation *** of structural,morphological,and optical properties with Cr doping is investigated.X-ray diffraction(XRD) studies show that the films are polycrystalline in nature with single *** dispersive spectroscopy(EDS) results demonstrate that Cr ions are substitutionally incorporated into *** force microscopy(AFM) reveals that the films present a compact surface and root mean squared(RMS) roughness increased with Cr *** optical band gap energy Eg of the films has been determined using Transmission data by spectrophotometer and *** band gap energy found to be decreased with increasing Cr doping *** optical constants(refractive index,extinction coefficient) are calculated using ellipsometry and found to increase with Cr doping concentration.

关键词： Cr doping Thin film ZnO thin films Roughness Ellipsometry Optical constants

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Synthesis,characterization and antibacterial screening of some novel 1,2,4-triazine derivatives

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2017年第7期28卷 1559-1565页

作者： Mohammad arshad Abdul Roouf Bhat Kwon Kang Hoi Inho Choi Fareeda Athar Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences Jamia Millia lslamiaNew Delhi 110025India College of Medicine Aldawadmi Shaqra University Saudi Arabia P.G.Department of Chemistry Sri Pratap CollegeSrinagarJ&K190001India School of Biotechnology Yeungnam UniversityGyeongsan 712-749South Korea

A new series of 1, 2, 4-triazine derivatives possessing indole nucleus were synthesized with an aim to explore their effect on in vitro growth of microorganisms causing microbial infection. In vitro antimicrobial activity was performed against S. aureus, S. epidermidis, P. mirabilis and E. coli using disk diffusion method. The MIC was detected using the double dilution method. The results were compared by calculating percent inhibition area/mg of the compounds with the standard drug ＂Ciprofloxacin＂.Selected compounds were evaluated for toxic effects using human hepatocellular carcinoma（HepG2） cell line by MTT-assay. Results revealed that some compounds of the series were found to exhibit better activity with less toxicity than Ciprofloxacin

关键词： Synthesis 1 2 4-Triazine Antibacterial activity Toxic effects MTT-assay

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Effect of mixing structure on the hygroscopic behavior of ultrafine ammonium sulfate particles mixed with succinic acid and levoglucosan

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Particuology 2014年第2期12卷 27-34页

作者： Shila Maskey Ka Yan Chong Gibaek Kim Jae-Seok Kim arshad Ali Kihong Park National Leading Research Laboratory School of Environmental Science and EngineeringGwangju Institute of Science and Technology(GIST)

Understanding the interactions between water and atmospheric aerosols is critical for estimating their impact on the radiation budget and cloud formation. The hygroscopic behavior of ultrafine （〈100nm） ammonium sulfate particles internally mixed with either succinic acid （slightly soluble） or levoglucosan （soluble） in different mixing structures （core-shell vs. well-mixed} were measured using a hygroscopicity tandem differential mobility analyzer （HTDMA）. During the hydration process （6-92% relative humidity （RH））, the size of core-shell particles （ammonium sulfate and succinic acid） remained unchanged until a slow increase in particle size occurred at 79Y~ RH; however, an abrupt increase in size （i.e., a clear deliquescence） was observed at ~72% RH for well-mixed particles with a similar volume fraction to the core-shell particles （80：20 by volume）. This increase might occur because the shell hindered the complete dissolution of the core-shell particles below 92% RH. The onset RH value was lower for the ammonium sulfate/levoglucosan core-shell particles than the ammonium sulfate/succinic acid core-shell particles due to levoglucosan＇s higher solubility relative to succinic acid. The growth factor （GF） of the core-shell particles was lower than that of the well-mixed particles, while the GF of the ammonium sulfate/levoglucosan particles was higher than that of ammonium sulfate/succinic acid particles with the same volume fractions. As the volume fraction of the organic species increased, the GF decreased. The data suggest that the mixing structure is also important when determining hygroscopic behavior of the mixed particles.

关键词： ultrafine particles Hygroscopicity Mixing structure Core-shell

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Crosstalk of liver immune cells and cell death mechanisms in different murine models of liver injury and its clinical relevance

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2017年第3期16卷 245-256页

作者： Hilal Ahmad Khan Muhammad Zishan Ahmad Junaid Ali Khan Muhammad Imran arshad Institute of Microbiology University of Agriculture Faisalabad Pakistan Institute of Pharmacy Physiology and Pharmacology University of Agriculture Faisalabad Pakistan Department of Pathology The University of Faisalabad (TUF) Faisalabad Pakistan

BACKGROUND： Liver inflammation or hepatitis is a result of pluripotent interactions of cell death molecules, cytokines, chemokines and the resident immune cells collectively called as microenvironment. The interplay of these inflammatory mediators and switching of immune responses during hepatotoxic, viral, drug-induced and immune cell-mediated hepatitis decide the fate of liver pathology. The present review aimed to describe the mechanisms of liver injury, its relevance to human liver pathology and insights for the future therapeutic *** SOURCES： The data of mouse hepatic models and rele- vant human liver diseases presented in this review are system- atically collected from PubMed, ScienceDirect and the Web of Science databases published in English. RESulTS： The hepatotoxic liver injury in mice induced by the metabolites of CC14, acetaminophen or alcohol represent ne- crotic cell death with activation of cytochrome pathway, for- mation of reactive oxygen species （ROS） and mitochondrial damage. The Fas or TNF-a induced apoptotic liver injury was dependent on activation of caspases, release of cytochrome c and apoptosome formation. The ConA-hepatitis demonstrat- ed the involvement of TRAIL-dependent necrotic/necroptotic cell death with activation of RIPK1/3. The a-GalCer-induced liver injury was mediated by TNF-a. The LPS-induced hepatitis involved TNF-a, Fas/FasL, and perforin/granzyme cell death pathways. The MHV3 or Poly（I：C） induced liver injury was mediated by natural killer cells and TNF-a signaling. The necrotic ischemia-reperfusion liver injury was mediated by hypoxia, ROS, and pro-inflammatory cytokines; however, necroptotic cell death was found in partial hepatectomy. The crucial role of immune ceils and cell death mediators in viral hepatitis （HBV, HCV）, drug-induced liver injury, non-alcohol- ic fatty liver disease and alcoholic liver disease in human were discussed. CONCLUSIONS： The mouse animal models of hepatitis provide a parallel appro

关键词： liver immunobiology hepatitis therapy mode of cell death

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Effect of family control on corporate dividend policy of firms in Pakistan

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Financial Innovation 2019年第1期5卷 711-723页

作者： Imran Yousaf Shoaib Ali arshad Hassan Faculty Member Air University School of ManagementAir UniversityIslamabadPakistan Professor/Dean of Management and Social Sciences Department Capital University of Science and TechnologyIslamabadPakistan

This study examines the impact of family control on the dividend policy of firms in Pakistan,covering the period from 2009 to *** also investigates whether family control moderates the impact of firm-specific factors on the dividend *** GMM model for panel data estimation is *** mean difference univariate analysis shows that family firms differ from nonfamily firms based on financial *** multivariate analysis shows that family firms pay lower dividends than nonfamily ***,firm size inversely affects the dividend policy,whereas tangibility positively affects ***,family control does not moderate the impact of all firm-specific factors on the dividend ***,family control,size,and tangibility are found to be the main determinants of the dividend policy in Pakistan.

关键词： Family firm Family ownership Dividend,Minority shareholder Expropriation Agency conflicts

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Significant aspects of carbon capture and storage–A review

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Petroleum 2019年第4期5卷 335-340页

作者： arshad Raza Raoof Gholami Reza Rezaee Vamegh Rasouli Minou Rabiei Department of Petroleum Engineering University of Engineering and Technology(UET)Pakistan Department of Petroleum Engineering Curtin UniversityMalaysia Department of Petroleum Engineering Curtin UniversityAustralia Department of Petroleum Engineering University of North DakotaUSA

Excessive emission of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere has resulted in a progressive climate change and global warming in the past *** have been many approaches developed to reduce the emission of Carbon Dioxide(CO2)into the atmosphere,among which Carbon Capture and Storage(CCS)techniques has been recognized as the most promising *** paper provides a deeper insight about the CCS technology where CO2 is captured and stored in deep geological formations for stabilization of the earth's *** of capturing and storage for a long-term sequestration are also discussed together with the processes,mechanisms and interactions induced by supercritical CO2 upon injection into subsurface geological sites.

关键词： CCS technologies CO_(2)capture CO_(2)transportation CO_(2)storage Leakage Costs

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Biosynthesis of polyhydroxyalkanoates from styrene by Enterobacter spp. isolated from polluted environment

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Frontiers in Biology 2017年第3期12卷 210-218页

作者： Arooj arshad Bisma Ashraf Iftikhar Ali Nazia Jamil Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics University of the Punjab Quaid-e-Azam Campus Lahore-54590 Pakistan

BACKGROUND： Styrene and its metabolites are known to have serious adverse effects on human health and hence, strategies to prevent its release, eradicate it from the environment, and understand its route of degradation are being considered. METHODS： A total of 18 strains were isolated from 4 samples of diesel contaminated soils. Among them 5 strains were selected for their ability to degrade styrene and use it as a sole carbon source to produce PHA. These strains were identified as Enterobacter spp. on the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Bacteria were screened for their ability to produce PHA by utilizing glucose and styrene as a carbon sources. Screening for PHA production was done by Nile blue A, Sudan black B, and phase contrast microscopy and the selected 3 strains showed positive results. Growth kinetics along with time profiling of PHA was performed for glucose and styrene as carbon sources. RESulTS： PHA extraction was done at equal intervals of 12 h by sodium hypochlorite method which showed that these strains accumulate maximum amount of PHA after 48 h in glucose （30.60%）. FTIR analysis of PHA was done which revealed homopolymer PHB and copolymer （PHB-co-PHV） production in strains by utilizing glucose and styrene. Gas chromatography mass spectrometry was carried out to identify the metabolites produced by bacterial strains grown on styrene. Metabolites of styrene degradation included propyne and phenylalanine. Genomic DNA isolation was carried out to amplify phaC gene which encodes PHA synthase enzyme. CONCLUSIONS： The conversion of styrene to polyhydroxyalkanoates （PHA） provides a new and unique link between an aromatic environmental pollutant and aliphatic PHA accumulation.

关键词： biodegradable polymers environmental pollutants PHA FTIR recycling bacteria

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