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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第39期28卷 5666-5678页

作者： Henry H L Wu Varinder S Athwal philip a kalra Rajkumar Chinnadurai Kolling Institute of Medical Research Royal North Shore HospitalSydney 2065New South WalesAustralia Faculty of Biology Medicine&Health(Division of DiabetesMetabolism&Gastroenterology)The University of ManchesterManchester M139PLUnited Kingdom Department of Renal Medicine Northern Care Alliance NHS Foundation TrustSalford M68HDUnited Kingdom

Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)is a highly infectious disease which emerged into a global *** it primarily causes respiratory symptoms for affected patients,COVID-19 was shown to have multi-organ *** liver enzymes appear to be commonly observed during the course of COVID-19,and there have been numerous reports of liver injury secondary to COVID-19 *** has been established that patients with pre-existing chronic liver disease(CLD)are more likely to have poorer outcomes following COVID-19 infection compared to those without ***-morbidities such as diabetes,hypertension,obesity,cardiovascular and chronic kidney disease frequently co-exist in individuals living with CLD,and a substantial population may also live with some degree of *** mechanisms of how COVID-19 induces liver injury have been *** syndrome(HRS)is the occurrence of kidney dysfunction in patients with severe CLD/fulminant liver failure in the absence of another identifiable cause,and is usually a marker of severe decompensated liver *** reports of HRS following acute COVID-19 infection have been presented,although the risk factors and pathophysiological mechanisms leading to HRS in COVID-19 infection or following COVID-19 treatment remain largely unestablished due to the relative lack and novelty of published *** discussing the management of HRS in highdependency care and intensive care contexts is only *** this article,we provide an overview on the speculative pathophysiological me-chanisms of COVID-19 induced HRS and propose strategies for clinical diagnosis and management to optimize outcomes in this scenario.

关键词： COVID-19 Hepatorenal syndrome Pathophysiology Clinical assessment Management Prognosis

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Antihypertensive prescribing patterns in non-dialysis dependent chronic kidney disease:Findings from the Salford Kidney Study

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World Journal of Nephrology 2023年第5期12卷 168-181页

作者： Rajkumar Chinnadurai Henry H L Wu Jones Abuomar Sharmilee Rengarajan David I New Darren Green philip a kalra Donal O’Donoghue Renal Research Centre&Department of Renal Medicine Northern Care Alliance NHS Foundation TrustSalford M68HDUnited Kingdom Department of Renal Research Kolling Institute of Medical ResearchRoyal North Shore Hospital&The University of SydneySt.Leonards(Sydney)2065New South WalesAustralia Faculty of Biology Medicine&HealthThe University of ManchesterManchester M17HRUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND Hypertension is commonly observed in patients living with chronic kidney disease(CKD).Finding an optimal treatment regime remains challenging due to the complex bidirectional cause-and-effect relationship between hypertension and *** remains variability in antihypertensive treatment *** To analyze data from the Salford Kidney Study database in relation to antihypertensive prescribing patterns amongst CKD *** The Salford Kidney Study is an ongoing prospective study that has been recruiting CKD patients since *** patients are followed up annually,and their medical records including the list of medications are updated until they reach study endpoints[starting on renal replacement therapy or reaching estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR)expressed as mL/min/1.73 m2≤10 mL/min/1.73 m2,or the last follow-up date,or data lock on December 31,2021,or death].Data on antihypertensive prescription practices in correspondence to baseline eGFR,urine albumin-creatinine ratio,primary CKD aetiology,and cardiovascular disease were *** between patients who were prescribed three or more antihypertensive agents and their clinical outcomes were studied by Cox regression ***-Meier analysis demonstrated differences in survival *** Three thousand two hundred and thirty non-dialysis-dependent CKD patients with data collected between October 2002 and December 2019 were *** median age was 65 years.A greater proportion of patients were taking three or more antihypertensive agents with advancing CKD stages(53%of eGFR≤15 mL/min/1.73 m2 vs 26%of eGFR≥60 mL/min/1.73 m2,P<0.001).An increased number of patients receiving more classes of antihypertensive agents was observed as the urine albumin-creatinine ratio category increased(category A3:62%vs category A1:40%,P<0.001),with the upward trends particularly noticeable in the number of individuals prescribed renin angiotensin system *** pr

关键词： Hypertension Chronic kidney disease Antihypertensive agents Prescribing patterns Cardiovascular complications Renin angiotensin system blockers

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Dengue causing relapse of minimal change disease: A double-edged sword

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2024年第5期17卷 237-238页

作者： Sourabh Sharma Himanshu Verma Sanjay kalra Department of Nephrology VMMC&Safdarjung HospitalNew DelhiIndia Department of Endocrinology Bharti HospitalKarnalIndia

Dengue virus infection is endemic in India with seasonal *** can lead to lethal consequences with plasma leakage and/or bleeding[1,2].Dengue shock syndrome has high mortality in developing countries like *** can cause functional proteinuria and even heavy proteinuria[3-6].Though dengue has been implicated to cause glomerulonephritis[7],to the best of our knowledge,dengue as a cause of relapse of minimal change disease(MCD)has not been reported.

关键词： relapse mortality bleeding

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Native and transplant kidney histopathological manifestations in association with COVID-19 infection: A systematic review

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World Journal of Transplantation 2021年第11期11卷 480-502页

作者： Vishnu Jeyalan Joshua Storrar Henry H L Wu Arvind Ponnusamy Smeeta Sinha philip a kalra Rajkumar Chinnadurai Department of Renal Medicine Royal Preston HospitalPreston PR29HTUnited Kingdom Department of Renal Medicine Salford Care OrganisationNorthern Care Alliance NHS Foundation TrustSalford M68HDUnited Kingdom Faculty of Biology Medicine and HealthUniversity of ManchesterManchester M139PLUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)can result in clinically significant multi-system disease including involvement in the *** underlying histopathological processes were unknown at the start of the *** case reports and series have been published describing the underlying renal histopathology from kidney biopsies,we have started to gain an insight into the renal manifestations of this novel *** To provide an overview of the current literature on the renal histopathological features and mechanistic insights described in association with coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)*** A systematic review was performed by conducting a literature search in the following websites-‘PubMed’,‘Web of Science’,‘Embase’and‘Medline-ProQuest’with the following search terms-“COVID-19 AND kidney biopsy”,“COVID-19 AND renal biopsy”,“SARS-CoV-2 AND kidney biopsy”and“SARS-CoV-2 AND renal biopsy”.We have included published data up until February 15,2021,which includes kidney biopsies(native,transplant and postmortem)from patients with *** on clinical presentation,histopathological features,management and outcome was extracted from the reported *** The total number of biopsies reported on here is 288,of which 189 are postmortem,84 native and 15 *** results are varied and show underlying pathologies ranging from collapsing glomerulopathy and acute tubular injury(ATI)to anti-nuclear cytoplasmic antibody associated vasculitis and pigment *** was variation in the specific treatment used for the various renal conditions,which included steroids,hydroxychloroquine,eculizumab,convalescent plasma,rituximab,anakinra,cyclophosphamide and renal replacement therapy,amongst *** pathological process which occurs in the kidney following COVID-19 infection and leads to the described biopsy findings has been hypothesized in some conditions but not others(for example,sepsis related hypoperf

关键词： COVID-19 Histopathology Kidney biopsy Transplant SARS-CoV-2

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Can we predict the incidence of high-grade Clavien-Dindo complications in patients with forgotten encrusted stents undergoing endourologic management?

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Asian Journal of Urology 2024年第1期11卷 99-104页

作者： Praanjal Gupta Ramanitharan Manikandan Lalgudi Narayanan Dorairajan Kodakattil Sreenivasan Sreerag Sidhartha kalra Swapnil Singh Kushwaha Department of Urology Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and ResearchPondicherryIndia

Objective:Ureteral stents are customarily inserted to facilitate urinary drainage,but they come with their own glitches of being forgotten and/or encrusted leading to serious *** present study aimed to report the complications in patients with forgotten and encrusted stents according to the Clavien-Dindo system specific to urological procedures and identify the factors leading to high-grade(Clavien-Dindo Grade 4A or above)***:The hospital records of patients with forgotten encrusted double-J stents over a period of 8 years were *** parameters recorded included patient demographics,indwelling time,need for percutaneous nephrostomy,hemodialysis,urine culture,blood culture,total blood counts,serum creatinine,radiologic findings,management techniques,number of surgical interventions,modified Clavien-Dindo complications,follow-up,and mortality,if ***:Forty patients were included in the *** median age was 52(range 6-85)*** the total,25(62.5%)patients had a“significant”stent load;31(77.5%)had renal failure or acute kidney injury on presentation;19(47.5%)patients had sepsis at *** the patients presented with sepsis,11(57.9%)patients demonstrated a positive urine culture;and 7/11(63.6%)patients exhibited pan-resistant *** out of 40(30.0%)patients in our series developed high-grade Clavien-Dindo *** univariate analysis,sepsis at presentation(p=0.007),stent load(p=0.031),diabetes(p=0.023),positive urine culture(p=0.007),and stent indwelling time of more than 1 year(p=0.031)were found to be *** multivariate logistic regression analysis,sepsis at presentation(p=0.017)and positive urine culture(p=0.016)were significant predictors for high-grade ***:It is prudent to identify specific risk factors,namely sepsis at presentation and positive urine culture to triage and optimize these patients before surgical management.

关键词： Forgotten Encrusted stent Outcome Predictor Clavien-Dindo complication

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Crosslink between mutations in mitochondrial genes and brain disorders:implications for mitochondrial-targeted therapeutic interventions

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第1期18卷 94-101页

作者： Jaspreet kalra Department of Pharmacology ISF College of PharmacyGhal KalanMogaPunjabIndia Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics University of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVAUSA

At the present,association of mitochondrial dysfunction and progression of neurological disorders has gained significant *** in mitochondrial network dynamics,point mutations,deletions,and interaction of pathogenomic proteins with mitochondria are some of the possible underlying mechanisms involved in these neurological *** genetics,defects in mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation machinery,and reactive oxygen species production might share common crosstalk in the progression of these neurological *** is of significant interests to explore and develop therapeutic strategies aimed at correcting mitochondrial *** review provided insights on mitochondrial dysfunction/mutations involved in the progression of Alzheimer’s disease,Huntington’s disease,and epilepsy with a special focus on Parkinson’s disease *** with the deleterious effects of mitochondrial mutations in aforesaid neurological disorders,this paper unraveled the available therapeutic strategy,specifically aiming to improve mitochondrial dysfunction,drugs targeting mitochondrial proteins,gene therapies aimed at correcting mutant mtDNA,peptide-based approaches,and lipophilic cations.

关键词： adenosine-triphosphate deficiency mitochondrial fission/fusion mitochondrial mutations neurodegenerative disorders oxidative phosphorylation therapeutic interventions

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Neural Network Based Thermal Analysis of Ultradeep Submicron Digital Circuit Design

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哈尔滨工业大学学报:英文版 2023年第5期30卷 76-88页

作者： Shruti kalra Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Jaypee Institute of Information TechnologyNoida201301UttarPradeshIndia

With a reduction in transistor dimensions to the nanoscale regime of 45 nm or less, quantum mechanical effects begin to reveal themselves and have an impact on key device performance parameters. As a result, in order to develop simulation tools that can be used for the design of nanoscale transistors in the future, new theories and modelling methodologies must be developed that properly and effectively capture the physics of quantum transport. An artificial neural network(ANN) is used in this paper to examine nanoscale CMOS circuits and predict the performance parameters of CMOS-based digital inverters for a temperature range of 300 K to 400 K. The training algorithm included three hidden layers with sizes of 20, 10, and 8, as well as a function fitting ANN with Bayesian Backpropagation Regularization. Further, simulation through HSPICE using Predictive Technology Model(PTM) nominal parameters has been done to compare with ANN(trained using an analytical model) results. The obtained results lie within the acceptable range of 1%-10%. Moreover, it has also been demonstrated that the ANN simulation provides a speed improvement of around 85 % over the HSPICE simulation, and that it can be easily integrated into software tools for designing and simulating complicated CMOS logic circuits.

关键词： optimization ultradeep submicron technology unified MOSFET model artificial neural network

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Mathematical Insight into Moderate Inversion Gate Delay Variability for Ultradeep Submicron Digital Circuit Design

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Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(New Series) 2023年第4期30卷 68-75页

作者： Shruti kalra Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Jaypee Institute of Information TechnologyNoida 201307India

Voltage scaling has been extensively used in industry for decades to reduce power *** recent years,exploring digital circuit operation in moderate inversion has created an interest among researchers due to its immense capability to provide a perfect tradeoff between high performance and low energy *** circuits operating in moderate inversion are susceptible to process variations and *** compute variability,statistical parameters such as the probability density function(PDF)and cumulative distribution function(CDF)are *** paper presents an analytical model framework for delay calculations utilizing log skew normal distribution for ultradeep submicron technology nodes up to 22 *** CDF of the proposed model is utilized to calculate minimum and maximum delays with 3σ-accuracy providing better accuracy than the conventional *** obtained results are also compared with Monte Carlo simulations with errors lying within the acceptable range of 2%-4%.

关键词： moderate inversion ultradeep submicron predictive technology model variability log skew normal distribution

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Analytical Modeling for Translating Statistical Changes to Circuit Variability by Ultra⁃Deep Submicron Digital Circuit Design

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Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(New Series) 2022年第4期29卷 70-80页

作者： Shruti kalra Ruby Beniwal Department of Electronics and Communication Jaypee Institute of Information TechnologyNoida 201307India

This paper presents a physics⁃based compact gate delay model that includes all short⁃channel phenomena prevalent at the ultra⁃deep submicron technology node of 32 *** simplify calculations,the proposed model is connected to a compactα⁃power law⁃based(Sakurai⁃Newton)*** model has been tested on a wide range of supply *** model accurately predicts nominal delays and the delays under process *** has been shown that at lower technology nodes,the delay is more sensitive to threshold voltage variations,specifically at the sub⁃threshold operating region as compared with effective channel length variations above the threshold region.

关键词： statistical variation analytical model process variability nanoscale CMOS propagation delay

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Comparative efficacy of secukinumab against adalimumab and infliximab in patients with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis

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Chinese Medical Journal 2022年第1期135卷 11-19页

作者： Ran Pan Xiaolun Wang Min Shu Jaydeep Das Manik kalra Zhidong Wang Beijing Novartis Pharma Co.Ltd. ShanghaiChina Novartis Healthcare Pvt.Ltd. HyderabadIndia

Background: Psoriasis is a common, chronic, immune-mediated inflammatory skin disease with increased epidermal proliferation. The objective of this review was to systematically identify the evidence and perform a network meta-analysis (NMA) to estimate the relative efficacy of secukinumab (SEC) against adalimumab (ADA) and infliximab (INF) for the treatment of moderate-to-severe plaque ***: A systematic literature review (SLR) was conducted according to a pre-specified protocol to identify relevant studies. Initially, the databases were searched from database inception till June 2013, and the SLR was updated in April 2020. The eligibility criteria included adult patients (≥18 years old) with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis, and the SLR included randomized controlled trials (RCTs). The comparators of interest were SEC, ADA, INF, and placebo (PLA), while outcomes of interest were Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) (50, 75, and 90) at weeks 12, 16, and 24. A Bayesian NMA for PASI was utilized with a framework that evaluated the probability of PASI responses in different categories of PASI thresholds within a single ***: A total of 23 RCTs that assessed the efficacy of SEC, ADA, and INF in patients with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis were identified. At 12 weeks, SEC was associated with a significantly better response compared with PLA and ADA for PASI 75 and 90, while response results were comparable against INF. At 12 weeks, risk ratio (95% confidence interval) derived from NMA for SECvs. ADA and INF for PASI 75 was 1.35 (1.19, 1.57) and 1.01 (0.90, 1.18), respectively. At the 16-week and 24-week time interval, SEC was significantly better than PLA, ADA, and INF for PASI 75 and ***: Efficacy of SEC in the treatment of patient populations with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis is well demonstrated through NMA.

关键词： Moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis Secukinumab against adalimumab and infliximab Indirect comparison PASI response

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