检索结果-南通市图书馆

Variation in forest soil fungal diversity along a latitudinal gradient

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Fungal Diversity 2014年第1期64卷 305-315页

作者： Ling-Ling Shi peter E.Mortimer J.w.Ferry Slik Xiao-Ming Zou Jianchu Xu wen-Ting Feng Lu Qiao Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenThe Chinese Academy of Sciences88 Xuefu RoadKunming 650223China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039China Centre for Integrative Conservation Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesMenglunYunnanChina Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Biogeography Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201China world Agroforestry Centre East Asia132 Lanhei RoadKunming 650201China College of Forest Resources and Environment Nanjing Forestry University59 Longpan RdNanjing 210037China Institute for Tropical Ecosystem Studies University of Puerto RicoP.O.Box 21910San JuanPR 00931-1910USA Department of Ecology and Environmental Science UmeåUniversity90187UmeåSweden

In forest ecosystems,plant communities shape soil fungal communities through the provisioning of *** the variation in forest composition with latitude is well established,little is known about how soil fungal communities vary with *** collected soil samples from 17 forests,along a latitudinal transect in western *** types covered included boreal,temperate,subtropical and tropical *** used 454 pyrosequencing techniques to analyze the soil *** data were correlated with abiotic and biotic variables to determine which factors most strongly influenced fungal community *** results indicated that temperature,latitude,and plant diversity most strongly influence soil fungal community *** diversity patterns were unimodal,with temperate forests(mid latitude)exhibiting the greatest ***,these diversity patterns indicate that fungal diversity was highest in the forest systems with the lowest tree diversity(temperate forests).Different forest systems were dominated by different fungal subgroups,ectomycorrhizal fungi dominated in boreal and temperate forests;endomycorrhizal fungi dominated in the tropical rainforests,and non-mycorrhizal fungi were best represented in subtropical *** results suggest that soil fungal communities are strongly dependent on vegetation type,with fungal diversity displaying an inverse relationship to plant diversity.

关键词： Soil Fungal communities Latitudinal gradient Abiotic factors Biotic factors Boreal,temperate,subtropical,and tropical forest Biodiversity pattern

Protein sources and starch-protein digestive dynamics manipulate growth performance in broiler chickens defined by an equilateraltriangle response surface design

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Animal Nutrition 2022年第2期9卷 204-213页

作者： Shemil P.Macelline peter V.Chrystal peter H.Selle Sonia Y.Liu Poultry Research Foundation The University of SydneyCamden NSW 2570Australia School of Life and Environmental Sciences Faculty of ScienceThe University of SydneySydney NSW 2006Australia Sydney School of Veterinary Science The University of SydneySydney NSW 2006Australia

A total of 360 male,off-sex Ross 308 chicks were offered 10 dietary treatments from 14 to 35 d post ehatch in an equilateral-triangle response surface design feeding study in order to confirm the importance of protein and amino acid digestive dynamics in broiler *** 3 apical diets were nutritionally-equivalent containing either soybean meal,non-bound amino acids or whey protein concentrate as the major source of dietary protein and amino *** blends of the 3 apical diets comprised the balance of 7 diets and each dietary treatment was offered to 6 replicate cages with 6 birds per *** performance,nutrient utilisation,apparent protein and starch digestibility coefficients were determined in 4 small intestinal *** optimal weight gain(2,085 g/bird)and feed conversion ratios(FCR,1.397)were generated by Diet 50S50w which included a 50:50 blend of apical diets rich in whey protein concentrate and soybean *** chickens offered Diet 50S50w also had the highest experimental and predicted jejunal digestibility(0.685 in proximal jejunum and 0.823 in distal jejunum).FCR was not correlated with apparent distal ileal digestibility coefficient(P>0.05)of protein but was correlated with apparent protein digestibility in proximal jejunum(r=-0.369,P=0.040)and distal jejunum(r=-0.316,P=0.015).Surplus dietary starch was correlated with increased fat pad weight(r=0.781,P?0.008).The findings confirmed the relevance of protein digestion rate,reflected by jejunal digestibility,on feed conversion of broiler chickens.A balance between protein-bound and non-bound crystalline or synthetic amino acids may be required for optimal growth and protein digestion.

关键词： Amino acid Digestive dynamics Glucose Protein Starch

Long-term antifibrotic action of interferon-γ treatment in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2011年第2期10卷 151-157页

作者： peter R Mertens Steven Dooley Department of Nephrology and Hypertension Otto-von-Guericke-University First Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine Molecular Hepatology-Alcohol Dependent Diseases II. Medical Clinic Faculty of Medicine at MannheimUniversity of Heidelberg

BACKGROUND:The first priority in treating fibrosis is to eliminate the causes that result in liver injury,e.g.,hepatitis B and C ***,in many liver diseases the cause is either unknown or *** present study was designed to investigate the long-term antifibrotic effect of interferon-gamma(IFN-γ)treatment in patients chronically infected with hepatitis B virus. METHODS:A total of 42 patients,30 treated with IFN-γand 12 controls,were enrolled from an original clinical trial(Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2005;3:819.).Three serial liver biopsies that were obtained at the initiation and end of IFN-γtreatment as well as 4 to 6 years after treatment discontinuation were assessed according to the modified Chevallier scoring system. RESULTS:Twenty-five out of 30 IFN-γ-treated patients were followed up until 4 to 6 years after the treatment was stopped. However,all controls were excluded from follow-up due to death,loss and elevated virus level within 2 ***-five IFN-γ-treated patients had stable serum liver function and liver fibrosis indices without any further antiviral or anti-fibrotic *** inflammatory and fibrotic scores were found after nine months of IFN-γtreatment according to the modified Chevallier scoring system(inflammation:11.8±6.5 at the beginning of IFN-γtreatment vs.9.2±4.1 after 9 months, Pwas increased(14.2±8.3 vs.11.9±7.6 after 9 months, Pwith chronic HBV *** majority of patients demonstrate stable serum biochemical indices and quality of ***,they do not show a long-term benefit according to histological criteria. Given the limited sample size,long-term IFN-γtreatment regimens should be assessed in further

关键词： hepatic stellate cells hepatitis B virus liver fibrosis inflammation interferon-gamma

Enhanced method for the generation of binary Fresnel holograms based on grid-cross downsampling

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Chinese Optics Letters 2011年第12期9卷 15-19页

作者： w.K.Cheung peter Tsang T.C.Poon 周常河 Department of Electronic Engineering City University of Hong KongTat Chee AvenueKowloon Bradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences

Past research has demonstrated that digital Fresnel holograms can be binarized in a non-iterative manner by downsampling the source image with a grid lattice prior to the hologram generation process. The reconstructed image of a hologram that is binarized with this approach is superior in quality compared with that obtained with direct thresholding, half-toning, and error diffusion. Despite the success, the downsampling mechanism results in a prominent texture of regularly spaced voids in the shaded regions. To alleviate this problem, an enhanced non-iterative method for the generation of binary Fresnel holograms is presented. Our method is based on a multi-direction line-sampling formed by a combined grid and cross lattice, which is capable of preserving a more solid texture in the shaded regions and enhancing the visual quality of the reconstructed image. Computer simulations and optical reconstructions are shown to demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed technique.

关键词： Computer simulation Lithography Textures

Resilience in supply systems -what the food industry can learn from energy sector

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Safety Science and Resilience 2022年第1期3卷 39-47页

作者： Fabian Ossevorth Paul Seidel Sebastian Krahmer Joachim Seifert peter Schegner peter Lochmann Lukas Oehm Marc Mauermann Technische Universität Dresden Professur für ElektroenergieversorgungDresden 01069Germany Technische Universität Dresden Professur für Gebäudeenergietechnik und WärmeversorgungDresden 01069Germany Technische Universität Dresden Professur für Verarbeitungsmaschinen/VerarbeitungstechnikDresden 01069Germany Fraunhofer-Institut for Process Engineering and Packaging IVV Division Processing Technology Dresden01069Germany

Drastic events such as pandemics,earthquakes or other disasters not only threaten the immediate living conditions of people but also indirect circumstances such as energy supply,infrastructure and food *** ensure that damage and failures in these areas do not lead to a disaster,special requirements are placed on this critical *** this context resilience,which is defined as the resistance of a system to external effects,is required.A field that is indeed part of the critical infrastructure,but which has not been considered as intensively as the energy sector,is food *** investigation focuses on how fundamental principles of thermodynamics,system theory and reliability theory can be applied to the modelling of food production processes to obtain a measure of *** known state and process variables from thermodynamics and electrical power engineering,analogous variables are derived for the food *** variables serve as an evaluation standard for a quality measure𝑄.In addi-tion to system-theoretical considerations,it is investigated how existing evaluation criteria of power engineering,such as System Average Interruption Duration Index(SAIDI)and Customer Average Interruption Duration Index(CAIDI),can be transferred to food ***:The investigation focuses on how fundamental principles of thermodynamics,system theory and reliability theory can be applied to the modelling of food production processes to obtain a measure of *** known state and process variables from thermodynamics and electrical power engineering,analogous variables are derived for the food ***:Drastic events such as pandemics,earthquakes or other disasters not only threaten the immediate living conditions of people but also indirect circumstances such as energy supply,infrastructure and food *** ensure that damage and failures in these areas do not lead to a disaster,special requirements are placed on t

关键词： Resilience Food industry Energy Sector System Theory

Frederick *** received the 2015 Szent-Gyrgi Prize for Progress in Cancer Research

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Chinese Journal of Cancer 2016年第3期35卷 151-154页

作者： peter scully jie zhao sujuan ba national foundation for cancer research BethesdaMDUSA

The Szent-Gyorgyi Prize for Progress in Cancer Research is a prestigious scientific award established by the National Foundation for Cancer Research(NFCR)—a leading cancer research charitable organization in the United States that is committed to supporting scientific research and public education relating to the prevention,early diagnosis,better treatments,and ultimately,a cure for *** year,the Szent-Gyorgyi Prize honors an outstanding researcher,nominated by colleagues or peers,who has contributed outstanding,significant research to the fight against cancer,and whose accomplishments have helped improve treatment options for cancer *** Prize also promotes public awareness of the importance of basic cancer research and encourages the sustained investment needed to accelerate the translation of these research discoveries into new cancer *** report highlights the pioneering work led by the 2015 Prize winner,*** ***'s work in the area of cancer genetics over four decades has helped to shape the very roots of modern cancer *** work continues to profoundly impact the approaches that doctors around the globe use to diagnose and treat *** particular,his seminal discoveries of gene amplification and his pioneering work on molecular mechanisms of DNA damage repair have helped to usher in the era of genetically targeted therapy and personalized medicine.

关键词： The National Foundation for Cancer Research, The Szent-Gyorgyi Prize, Frederick Alt, Gene amplification,Non-homologous end joining

A review of Leishmaniasis in Eastern Africa

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Nanjing Medical University 2009年第2期23卷 79-86页

作者： peter K.Ngure Albert Kimutai Zipporah w.Ng'ang'a Geoffrey Rukunga willy K.Tonui Science Department Daystar University Kenyatta University Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology Kenya Medical Research Institute

The review presents the epidemiology of leishmaniasis in the Eastern Africa region. we searched PUB MED and MEDLINE with several key words-namely,＂leishmaniasis＇;＂cutaneous＇,＂diffuse cutaneous ＂,＂ mucosal＂, and ＂visceral leishmaniasis＂; ＂kala azar＂ and ＂post kala azar dermal leishmaniasis＂ -for recent clinical and basic science articles related to leishmaniasis in countries in the Eastern Africa region. Poverty, wars, conflicts and migration have significantly aggravated leishmaniases in Eastern Africa. Of particular concern is the increasing incidence of Leishmania-HIV co-infection in Ethiopia where 20-40% of the persons affected by visceral leishmaniasis are HIV-co-infected. Sudan has the highest prevalence rate of post kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis（PKDL） in the world, a skin complication of visceral leishmaniasis（VL） that mainly afflicts children below age ten. In view of its spread to previously non-endemic areas and an increase in imported cases, leishmaniasis in Eastern Africa should be considered a health emergency.

关键词： Leishmaniasis cutaneous visceral Eastern Africa

Cellular senescence:from anti-cancer weapon to anti-aging target

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Science China(Life Sciences) 2020年第3期63卷 332-342页

作者： Lifeng Yuan peter BAlexander Xiao-Fan wang Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine Boston Children’s HospitalBostonMA 02115USA Department of Genetics Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02115USA Duke University Medical Center DurhamNC 27710USA

Cellular senescence(CS)is a state of stable cell cycle arrest characterized by the production and secretion of inflammatory *** studies described oncogene-induced senescence(OIS)as a barrier to tumorigenesis,such that the therapeutic induction of CS might represent a rational anti-cancer ***,the validity of this approach has been borne out by the development and approval of the cyclin-dependent kinase(CDK)inhibitor palbociclib for the treatment of breast *** from tumors,senescent cells have also been shown to accumulate during natural mammalian aging,where they produce detrimental effects on the physiology of surrounding ***,pharmacological senescent cell depletion has been proposed as an approach to delay age-related functional decline;this has been formally demonstrated in animal *** this review article,we describe the current mechanistic understanding of cellular senescence at the molecular level and how it informs the development of new therapeutic strategies to combat cancer and aging.

关键词： cellular senescence cancer healthy aging pro-senescence cancer therapy senolytic therapies

Polymer-virus core-shell structures prepared via co-assembly and template synthesis methods

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Science China Chemistry 2010年第1期53卷 71-77页

作者： SUTHIwANGCHAROEN Nisaraporn PREVELIGE peter E.Jr Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Nanocenter University of South CarolinaColumbiaSouth Carolina 29208USA Department of Microbiology University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAL 35294USA

Bionanoparticles(BNPs),consisting of virus and virus-like assemblies,have attracted much attention in the biomedical field for their applications such as imaging and targeted drug delivery,owing to their well-defined structures and well-controlled ***-based core-shell structures provide a unique system for the investigation of biological interactions such as protein-protein and protein-carbohydrate ***,it is still a challenge to prepare the BNPs-based core-shell ***,we describe(i) co-assembly method and(ii) template synthesis method in the development of polymer-BNPs core-shell *** two methods can be divided into three different *** system A,different polymers including poly(2-vinylpyridine)(P2VP),poly(4-vinylpyridine)(P4VP) and poly(ε-caprolactone)-block-poly(2-vinylpyridine)(PCL-b-P2VP) can form a raspberry-like structure with *** system B,polystyrene(PS) spheres end capped with free amine and BNPs can form a core-shell *** System C,layer-by-layer(LBL) method is used to prepare positive charged PS particles,which can be used as a template to form the core-shell structures with *** two methods may open a new way for preparing novel protein-based functional materials for potential applications in the biomedical field.

关键词： core-shell structures bionanoparticles virus polymers co-assembly template synthesis layer-by-layer