检索结果-南通市图书馆

自然原因死亡率和颗粒物成分长期暴露：多中心ESCAPE项目中19个欧洲队列的分析

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

环境与职业医学 2016年第3期33卷 303-311页

作者： Rob Beelen Gerard Hoek ole raaschou-nielsen 汪源郑轻舟金泰廙机构不详

[背景]已有研究表明,在死亡率和颗粒物空气污染长期暴露之间存在关联,而估计颗粒物元素成分对死亡率影响的队列研究很少。[目的]研究自然原因死亡率和长期暴露于颗粒物元素成分之间的关联。[方法]遵循严格的标准化方案,并使用19个欧洲... 详细信息

[背景]已有研究表明,在死亡率和颗粒物空气污染长期暴露之间存在关联,而估计颗粒物元素成分对死亡率影响的队列研究很少。[目的]研究自然原因死亡率和长期暴露于颗粒物元素成分之间的关联。[方法]遵循严格的标准化方案,并使用19个欧洲队列研究中死亡率和混杂因素的数据。描述住宅暴露于优先选择的8种颗粒物（PM）成分的特征。使用土地利用回归模型估计粒级≤2.5μm（PM2.5）和≤10μm（PM10）的颗粒物中铜、铁、钾、镍、硫、硅、钒和锌的年平均浓度,并在meta分析之后,按照统一的标准,使用Cox比例风险模型对队列特异的死亡率和空气污染之间的关联进行统计分析。[结果]研究包括291 816名参与者,其中25 466在随访期间（平均随访时间14.3年）死于自然原因。几乎所有元素的风险比都呈阳性,并且PM2.5硫的风险比具有统计学显著性（每200 ng/m3为1.14,95%CI：1.06～1.23）。在一个双污染物模型中,校正PM2.5总质量之后,死亡率与PM2.5硫之间的关联保持稳定,而与PM2.5总质量的关联性降低。[结论]长期暴露于PM2.5硫与自然原因引起的死亡率有关联。这个关联在校正了其他污染物和PM2.5之后依然稳定。

关键词： ESCAPE 空气污染统计学显著性估计值模型分析模型估计年平均浓度土地利用随机效应回归模型

长期交通噪声暴露与糖尿病发生率:一项队列研究

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

环境与职业医学 2013年第5期30卷 349-349页

作者： Mette S rensen Zorana J.Andersen Rikke *** Thomas Becker Anne Tj nneland Kim Overvad ole raaschou-nielsen

[背景]正常城市水平的道路交通噪声会导致紧张和睡眠障碍。过多的紧张激素和睡眠质量及持续时间的下降均可能增加患2型糖尿病的风险。[目的]研究长期暴露于住宅道路交通噪声是否与糖尿病风险增加有关联。[方法]以人口为基础的丹麦饮食... 详细信息

[背景]正常城市水平的道路交通噪声会导致紧张和睡眠障碍。过多的紧张激素和睡眠质量及持续时间的下降均可能增加患2型糖尿病的风险。[目的]研究长期暴露于住宅道路交通噪声是否与糖尿病风险增加有关联。[方法]以人口为基础的丹麦饮食、癌症与健康队列研究于1993--1997午纳入57053名50～64岁的参加者。从入组到2006年期间，从全国糖尿病登记系统中确定有3869例发生糖尿病，平均随访时间为9．6年。通过国家登记册，确定这些患者在1988年至2006年间的现有及既往居住地址，并且对所有住址的道路交通噪声进行评估。

关键词：空气污染队列糖尿病流行病学交通噪声

Use of thiopurines in inflammatory bowel disease

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第7期19卷 1040-1048页

作者： Pascal Frei Luc Biedermann ole Haagen nielsen Gerhard Rogler Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Internal MedicineUniversity Hospital of ZürichCH-8091 ZürichSwitzerland Department of Gastroenterology Medical SectionHerlev HospitalUniversity of CopenhagenDK-2730 HerlevDenmark

The use of thiopurines as immunosuppression for the treatment of refractory or chronic active inflammatory bowel disease is established for both Crohn's disease and ulcerative ***,many questions remain concerning the optimal treatment regimens of azathioprine,6-mercaptopurine and *** will briefly summarize dose recommendations,indications for thiopurine therapy and side effects which are relevant in clinical *** discuss some currently debated topics,including the combination of azathioprine and allopurinol,switching of thiopurine therapy in case of side effects,the use of azathioprine in pregnancy,the infection risk using thiopurines and the evidence when to stop *** reviews have been published on the thiopurine metabolic pathway which will not be discussed here in detail.

关键词： Thiopurines Inflammatory bowel disease Crohn’s disease Ulcerative colitis Immunosuppression Infection

The impact of genotyping strategies and statistical models on accuracy of genomic prediction for survival in pigs

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2023年第3期14卷 908-916页

作者： Tianfei Liu Bjarne nielsen ole F.Christensen Mogens SandøLund Guosheng Su Institute of Animal Science Guangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhou 510640China Center for Quantitative Genetics and Genomics Aarhus University8830 TjeleDenmark Pig Research Centre SEGES1609 CopenhagenDenmark

Background:Survival from birth to slaughter is an important economic trait in commercial pig *** survival can improve both economic efficiency and animal *** aim of this study is to explore the impact of genotyping strategies and statistical models on the accuracy of genomic prediction for survival in pigs during the total growing period from birth to ***:We simulated pig populations with different direct and maternal heritabilities and used a linear mixed model,a logit model,and a probit model to predict genomic breeding values of pig survival based on data of individual survival records with binary outcomes(0,1).The results show that in the case of only alive animals having genotype data,unbiased genomic predictions can be achieved when using variances estimated from pedigreebased *** using genomic information achieved up to 59.2%higher accuracy of estimated breeding value compared to pedigree-based model,dependent on genotyping *** scenario of genotyping all individuals,both dead and alive individuals,obtained the highest *** an equal number of individuals(80%)were genotyped,random sample of individuals with genotypes achieved higher accuracy than only alive individuals with *** linear model,logit model and probit model achieved similar ***:Our conclusion is that genomic prediction of pig survival is feasible in the situation that only alive pigs have genotypes,but genomic information of dead individuals can increase accuracy of genomic prediction by 2.06%to 6.04%.

关键词： Genomic prediction Genotyping strategy Simulation Statistical models Survival

Modulation of Gut Microbiota in Pathological States

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Engineering 2017年第1期3卷 83-89页

作者： Yulan Wang BaohongWang Junfang wu xiangyang Jiang Huiru Tang ole H. nielsen Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics National Center for Magnetic Resonance Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan 430071 China National Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of lnfectious Diseases State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of lnfectious Diseases The First Affiliated Hospital School of Medicine Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310003 China State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering Zhongshan Hospital and School of Life Sciences Fudan University Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development Shanghai International Center for Molecular Phenomics Shanghai 200433 China Department of Gastroenterology Medical Section Heriev Hospital University of Copenhagen Copenhagen 1017 Denmark

The human microbiota is an aggregate of microorganisms residing in the human body, mostly in the gastrointestinal tract （GIT）. Our gut microbiota evolves with us and plays a pivotal role in human health and disease. In recent years, the microbiota has gained increasing attention due to its impact on host metabolism, physiology, and immune system development, but also because the perturbation of the microbiota may result in a number of diseases. The gut microbiota may be linked to malignancies such as gastric cancer and colorectal cancer. It may also be linked to disorders such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease （NAFLD）; obesity and diabetes, which are characterized as ＂lifestyle diseases＂ of the industrial- ized world; coronary heart disease; and neurological disorders. Although the revolution in molecular technologies has provided us with the necessary tools to study the gut microbiota more accurately, we need to elucidate the relationships between the gut microbiota and several human pathologies more precisely, as understanding the impact that the microbiota plays in various diseases is fundamental for the development of novel therapeutic strategies. Therefore, the aim of this review is to provide the read- er with an updated overview of the importance of the gut microbiota for human health and the poten- tial to manipulate gut microbial composition for purposes such as the treatment of antibiotic-resistant Clostridium difficile （C difficile） infections. The concept of altering the gut community by microbial intervention in an effort to improve health is currently in its infancy. However, the therapeutic implications appear to be very great. Thus, the removal of harmful organisms and the enrichment of beneficial mi- crobes may protect our health, and such efforts will pave the way for the development of more rational treatment options in the future.

关键词： Gut microbes Diseases Microbial modulation

Inflammatory pathways of importance for management of inflammatory bowel disease

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第1期20卷 64-77页

作者： Jannie Pedersen Mehmet Coskun Christoffer Soendergaard Mohammad Salem ole Haagen nielsen Department of Gastroenterology Medical SectionUniversity of CopenhagenHerlev HospitalDK-2730 HerlevDenmark Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine the Panum InstituteUniversity of CopenhagenDK-2200 CopenhagenDenmark

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a group of chronic disorders of the gastrointestinal tract comprising Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Their etiologies are unknown, but they are characterised by an imbalanced production of pro-inflammatory mediators, e.g., tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, as well as increased recruitment of leukocytes to the site of inflammation. Advantages in understanding the role of the inflammatory pathways in IBD and an inadequate response to conventional therapy in a large portion of patients, has over the last two decades lead to new therapies which includes the TNF inhibitors (TNFi), designed to target and neutralise the effect of TNF-α. TNFi have shown to be efficient in treating moderate to severe CD and UC. However, convenient alternative therapeutics targeting other immune pathways are needed for patients with IBD refractory to conventional therapy including TNFi. Indeed, several therapeutics are currently under development, and have shown success in clinical trials. These include antibodies targeting and neutralising interleukin-12/23, small pharmacologic Janus kinase inhibitors designed to block intracellular signaling of several pro-inflammatory cytokines, antibodies targeting integrins, and small anti-adhesion molecules that block adhesion between leukocytes and the intestinal vascular endothelium, reducing their infiltration into the inflamed mucosa. In this review we have elucidated the major signaling pathways of clinical importance for IBD therapy and highlighted the new promising therapies available. As stated in this paper several new treatment options are under development for the treatment of CD and UC, however, no drug fits all patients. Hence, optimisations of treatment regimens are warranted for the benefit of the patients either through biomarker establishment or other rationales to maximise the effect of the broad range of mode-of-actions of the present and future drugs in IBD.

关键词： Anti-tumor necrosis factor, Biologics, Crohn’ s disease, Pro-inflammatory cytokines, Signaling pathways, Treatment, Ulcerative colitis

Holocene tephra deposits in the northern Okinawa Trough

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2006年第1期25卷 78-89页

作者： LIU Yanguang ole BjФrslev nielsen ZHANG Deyu DU Dewen JAN Heinemeier WU Yonghua College of Marine Geosciences Ocean University of China Qingdao 266003 China Key Laboratory of Marine Sedimentology and Environmental Geology First Institute of Oceanography State Oceanic Administration Qingdao 266061 China Department of Earth Sciences University ofAarhus Aarhus C DK-8000 Denmark AMS 14C Laboratory University ofAarhus Aarhus C DK-8000 Denmark

The mineralogical and geochemical characteristics of sediments of Core CSH1, which was collected from the northern Okinawa Trough, indicate that large amounts of volcanic materials have deposited in the northern Okinawa Trough during the Holocene. On the basis of down-core variations in mineral and element contents of sediments, two layers in the uppermost section of Core CSH 1 characterized by high quartz, Na2O, MnO, K20, uranium contents and low contents of clay minerals, volatiles, Fe2O3, MgO, CaO and strontium, have been identified as the tephra deposits. Systematic grain-size measurements also suggest that sediments from the northern Okinawa Trough are made up of terrigenous materials and volcanic ashes with different proportion during the Holocene. The sedi- ments of tephra layers in Core CSH1 show bi-modal patterns in grain-size distribution with modal grain-sizes of 74.3 and 7.81 μm, respectively. According to the radiocarbon dating on shells of zooplankton foraminifera, two tephra layers in Core CSH1, formed at 7 250 and 10 870 a BP （cal）, approximately correspond to the K-Ah tephra [7 300 a BP （cal）] and the eruption of Kuju Volcano （12-10 ka BP）, respectively.

关键词： Okinawa Trough Holocene tephra deposits

Manufacturing tolerant topology optimization

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Acta Mechanica Sinica 2009年第2期25卷 227-239页

作者： ole Sigmund Department

In this paper we present an extension of the topology optimization method to include uncertainties during the fabrication of macro, micro and nano structures. More specifically, we consider devices that are manufactured using processes which may result in （uniformly） too thin （eroded） or too thick （dilated） structures compared to the intended topology. Examples are MEMS devices manufactured using etching processes, nano-devices manufactured using e-beam lithography or laser micro-machining and macro structures manufactured using milling processes. In the suggested robust topology optimization approach, under- and over-etching is modelled by image processing-based ＂erode＂ and ＂dilate＂ operators and the optimization problem is formulated as a worst case design problem. Applications of the method to the design of macro structures for minimum compliance and micro compliant mechanisms show that the method provides manufacturing tolerant designs with little decrease in performance. As a positive side effect the robust design formulation also eliminates the longstanding problem of one-node connected hinges in compliant mechanism design using topology optimization.

关键词： Topology optimization Robust designCompliant mechanisms Manufacturing constraints

miR-20b, miR-98, miR-125b-1*, and let-7e* as new potential diagnostic biomarkers in ulcerative colitis

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第27期19卷 4289-4299页

作者： Mehmet Coskun Jacob Tveiten Bjerrum Jakob Benedict Seidelin Jesper Thorvald Troelsen JΦrgen Olsen ole Haagen nielsen Department of Gastroenterology Medical SectionHerlev HospitalUniversity of Copenhagen Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine the Panum InstituteUniversity of Copenhagen Department of Internal Medicine Ⅰ University of CopenhagenBispebjerg Hospital Department of Science Systemsand ModelsRoskilde University

AIM:To use microarray-based miRNA profiling of colonic mucosal biopsies from patients with ulcerative colitis (UC), Crohn's disease (CD), and controls in order to identify new potential miRNA biomarkers in inflammatory bowel disease. METHODS:Colonic mucosal pinch biopsies from the descending part were obtained endoscopically from patients with active UC or CD, quiescent UC or CD, as well as healthy controls. Total RNA was isolated and miRNA expression assessed using the miRNA microarray Geniom Biochip miRNA Homo sapiens (Febit GmbH, Heidelberg, Germany). Data analysis was carried out by principal component analysis and projection to latent structure-discriminant analysis using the SIMCA-P+12 software package (Umetrics, Umea, Sweden). The microarray data were subsequently validated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) performed on colonic tissue samples from active UC patients (n = 20), patients with quiescent UC (n = 19), and healthy controls (n = 20). The qPCR results were analyzed with Mann-WhitneyU *** silico prediction analysis were performed to identify potential miRNA target genes and the predicted miRNA targets were then compared with all UC associated susceptibility genes reported in the literature. RESULTS:The colonic mucosal miRNA transcriptome differs significantly between UC and controls, UC and CD, as well as between UC patients with mucosal inflammation and those without. However, no clear differences in the transcriptome of patients with CD and controls were found. The miRNAs with the strongest differential power were identified (miR-20b, miR-99a, miR-203, miR-26b, and miR-98) and found to be upregulated more than a 10-fold in active UC as compared to quiescent UC, CD, and controls. Two miRNAs, miR-125b-1* and let-7e*, were up-regulated more than 5-fold in quiescent UC compared to active UC, CD, and controls. Four of the seven miRNAs (miR-20b, miR-98, miR-125b-1*, and let-7e*) were validated by qPCR and found to be specifical

关键词： Biomarker Crohn’s disease Diagnostics Inflammatory bowel disease Microarray MicroRNA Ulcerative colitis