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Insm1:orchestrating cellular mimicry in the thymus medulla

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2024年第4期21卷 414-416页

作者： K.D.james j.E.cowan UCL Institute of Immunity and Transplantation The Pears BuildingRowland Hill StreetLondonNW32PPUK

The thymus is the primary production site for a functional and self-tolerant T-cell *** establishment of immune tolerance is mediated by the generation and presentation of tissue-restricted self-antigens(TRAs)by medullary thymic epithelial cells(mTECs),which screen T-cell receptors for self-reactivity to eliminate autoreactive T *** studies have extended our understanding of mTEC heterogeneity by examining the mechanisms by which mTECs mimic the peripheral self[1].

关键词： medullary eliminate restricted

Morphotaxonomy and seasonal distribution of planktonic and benthic Prorocentrales in Karachi waters,Pakistan Northern Arabian Sea

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Chinese journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2013年第2期31卷 267-281页

作者： Sonia MUNIR Zaib-un-nisa BURHAN Tahira NAZ P.j.A.SIDDIQUI Steve L.morton Centre of Excellence in Marine Biology University of Karachi-75270Pakistan National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administrations 219 Fort Johnson RoadCharleston SC29412USA

Morphotaxonomy and seasonal abundance of dinoflagellates of the genera Prorocentrum and Mesoporos （Prorocentrales） were studied from nutrient-rich waters, Karachi Harbor and the mouth of the Manora Channel, Pakistan during May 2002-july 2003. Using both light and scanning electron microscopy, 13 species of Prorocentrales were identified according to cell shape, size, ornamentation of thecal plates, and architecture of apical platelets, apical pore area, marginal pores, and intercalary bands. P. sigmoides, P. arcuatum, P. scutellum, P. donghaiense, P. balticum, P. minimum, P. emarginatum, P. lima, P. faustiae, and Mesoporos perforatus constitute new records for sindh coast of Pakistan. The most abundant species were P. minimum/P, balticum （4.5x103 cells/L）, P. micans （1.1~103 cells/L）, P. gracile/P, sigmoides （2.5 x 102 cells/L） and P. donghaiense （6.6 x 103 cells/L） at temperatures of 29-31 ~C and salinities of 35-40. Maximum abundance was observed in winter and lower abundance in summer. There was no significant change in the distribution of species between stations except for the benthic species which occurred close to Karachi Harbor waters. Significant positive correlations were observed between Prorocentrum spp. and temperature （R2=0.27） and negative correlations with salinity （R2=-0.32） except for P. minimum and P. emarginatum which has negative correlation with temperature （R2=-0.24） and positive with salinity （R2=0.08, 0.19）. The finding of potential okadaic-acid producing species of benthic Prorocentrum call for monitoring for possible human health problems in this region.

关键词： ecology morphology planktonic/benthic Prorocentrales harmful algae scanning electronaaicroscopy northern Arabian Sea

An Exome-seq Based Tool for Mapping and Selection of Candidate Genes in Maize Deletion Mutants

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2018年第6期16卷 439-450页

作者： Shangang jia Kyla morton Chi Zhang David Holding Department of Agronomy and Horticulture Center for Plant Science InnovationBeadle Center for BiotechnologyUniversity of Nebraska School of Biological Sciences Center for Plant Science InnovationBeadle Center for BiotechnologyUniversity of Nebraska

Despite the large number of genomic and transcriptomic resources in maize, there is still much to learn about the function of genes in developmental and biochemical processes. Some maize mutants that were generated by gamma-irradiation showed clear segregation for the kernel phenotypes in B73 ? Mo17 F2 ears. To better understand the functional genomics of kernel development,we developed a mapping and gene identi?cation pipeline, bulked segregant exome sequencing(BSEx-seq), to map mutants with kernel phenotypes including opaque endosperm and reduced kernel size. BSEx-seq generates and compares the sequence of the exon fraction from mutant and normal plant F2 DNA pools. The comparison can derive mapping peaks, identify deletions within the mapping peak, and suggest candidate genes within the deleted regions. We then used the public kernel-speci?c expression data to narrow down the list of candidate genes/mutations and identi?ed deletions ranging from several kb to more than 1 Mb. A full deletion allele of the Opaque-2 gene was identi?ed in mutant 531, which occurs within a $200-kb deletion. Opaque mutant 1486 has a 6248-bp deletion in the mapping interval containing two candidate genes encoding RNA-directed DNA methylation 4(RdDM4) and AMP-binding protein, respectively. This study demonstrates the ef?-ciency and cost-effectiveness of BSEx-seq for causal mutation mapping and candidate gene selection,providing a new option in mapping-by-sequencing for maize functional genomics studies.

关键词： Maize functional genomics Mapping-by-sequencing Exome-seq Opaque mutant Bulked segregation analysis

Etiology and management of urethral calculi:A systematic review of contemporary series

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Asian journal of Urology 2024年第1期11卷 10-18页

作者： Andrew morton Arsalan Tariq Nigel Dunglison Rachel Esler Matthew j.Roberts Faculty of Medicine The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia Department of Urology Ipswich HospitalQueenslandAustralia Department of Urology Royal Brisbane and Women's HospitalQueenslandAustralia The University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research HerstonAustralia

Objective:To conduct a systematic literature review on urethral calculi in a contemporary cohort describing etiology,investigation,and management ***:A systematic search of MEDLINE and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials(CENTRAL)databases was ***,including case reports and case series on urethral calculi published between january 2000 and December 2019,were ***-text manuscripts were reviewed for clinical parameters including symptomatology,etiology,medical history,investigations,treatment,and *** were collated and analyzed with univariate ***:Seventy-four publications met inclusion criteria,reporting on 95 *** symptoms(41.1%),pain(40.0%),and acute urinary retention(32.6%)were common presenting *** calculi were most often initially investigated using plain X-ray(63.2%),with almost all radio-opaque(98.3%).Urethral calculi were frequently associated with coexistent bladder or upper urinary tract calculi(16.8%)and underlying urethral pathology(53.7%)including diverticulum(33.7%)or stricture(13.7%).Urethral calculi were most commonly managed with external urethrolithotomy(31.6%),retrograde manipulation(22.1%),and endoscopic in situ lithotripsy(17.9%).Conclusion:This unique systematic review of urethral calculi provided a summary of clinical features and treatment trends with a suggested treatment *** in contemporary urological practice should be according to calculus size,shape,anatomical location,and presence of urethral pathology.

关键词： Urinary calculi Urethra Urethral calculi Management algorithm

Land use and dingo baiting are correlated with the density of kangaroos in rangeland systems

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Integrative Zoology 2023年第2期18卷 299-315页

作者： Stuart j.DAWSON Tracey L.KREPLINS Malcolm S.KENNEDY juanita RENWICK Mark A.cowan Patricia A.FLEMING Terrestrial Ecosystem Science and Sustainability Harry Butler InstituteMurdoch UniversityMurdochAustralia Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development(present address) South PerthAustralia Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development NorthamAustralia Queensland Department of Environment and Science Australia Queensland Department of Environment and Science MoggillAustralia Department of Biodiversity Conservation and AttractionsWoodvaleAustralia

Rangelands worldwide have been subject to broadscale modiﬁcation,such as widespread predator control,intro-duction of permanent livestock water and altered vegetation to improve *** Australia,these landscape changes have resulted in kangaroos(*** macropods)populations increasing over the past 200 ***-garoos are a key contributor to total grazing pressure and in conjunction with livestock and feral herbivores have been linked to land *** used 22 years of aerial survey data to investigate whether the density of 3 macropod species in the southern rangelands of Western Australia was associated with:(i)land use,including type of livestock,total livestock,density of feral goats,type of land tenure,and kangaroo commercial harvest effort;(ii)predator management,including permitted dingo control effort,estimated dingo abundance,and presence of the State Barrier Fence(a dingo exclusion fence);and(iii)environmental variables:ruggedness,rainfall,fractional cover,and total standing dry *** kangaroos(Osphranter rufus)were most abundant inﬂat,open vegetation,on pastoral land,where area permitted for dingo control was high,and numbers were positively associated with antecedent rainfall with a 12-month *** grey kangaroos(Macropus fuliginosus)were most abundant onﬂat,agricultural land,but less abundant in areas with high permitted dingo ***(Osphranter robustus)were most abundant in rugged pastoral land with open vegetation,where permitted dingo control was *** environmental variables are key drivers of landscape productivity and kangaroo populations,anthropogenic factors such as land use and permitted dingo control are strongly associated with kangaroo abundance.

关键词： herbivores livestock macropods overgrazing rangelands total grazing pressure

First-principles calculations of hyperfine interaction,binding energy,and quadrupole coupling for shallow donors in silicon

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npj Computational Materials 2020年第1期6卷 186-194页

作者： Michael W.Swift Hartwin Peelaers Sai Mu john j.L.morton Chris G.Van de Walle Department of Physics University of CaliforniaSanta BarbaraCA 93106-9530USA US Naval Research Laboratory Center for Computational Materials ScienceWashingtonDC 20375USA Materials Department University of CaliforniaSanta BarbaraCA 93106-5050USA Department of Physics and Astronomy University of KansasLawrenceKansas 66045USA Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering UCLLondonWC1E 7JEUK

Spin qubits based on shallow donors in silicon are a promising quantum information technology with enormous potential scalability due to the existence of robust silicon-processing ***,the most accurate theories of donor electronic structure lack predictive power because of their reliance on empirical fitting parameters,while predictive ab initio methods have so far been lacking in accuracy due to size of the donor wavefunction compared to typical simulation *** show that density functional theory with hybrid and traditional functionals working in tandem can bridge this *** first-principles approach allows remarkable accuracy in binding energies(67 meV for bismuth and 54 meV for arsenic)without the use of empirical *** also obtain reasonable hyperfine parameters(1263 MHz for Bi and 133 MHz for As)and superhyperfine *** demonstrate the importance of a predictive model by showing that hydrostatic strain has much larger effect on the hyperfine structure than predicted by effective mass theory,and by elucidating the underlying mechanisms through symmetry analysis of the shallow donor charge density.

关键词： density donor hyperfine

An Overview of Antiviral Peptides and Rational Biodesign Considerations

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BioDesign Research 2022年第1期2022卷 276-294页

作者： Ying-Chiang j.Lee jaden D.Shirkey jongbeom Park Karishma Bisht Alexis j.cowan Department of Molecular Biology Princeton UniversityPrincetonNew Jersey 08544USA

Viral diseases have contributed significantly to worldwide morbidity and mortality throughout *** the existence of therapeutic treatments for many viral infections,antiviral resistance and the threat posed by novel viruses highlight the need for an increased number of effective *** addition to small molecule drugs and biologics,antimicrobial peptides(AMPs)represent an emerging class of potential antiviral *** AMPs have traditionally been regarded in the context of their antibacterial activities,many AMPs are now known to be *** antiviral peptides(AVPs)have been shown to target and perturb viral membrane envelopes and inhibit various stages of the viral life cycle,from preattachment inhibition through viral release from infected host *** design of AMPs has also proven effective in identifying highly active and specific peptides and can aid in the discovery of lead peptides with high therapeutic *** this review,we highlight AVPs with strong antiviral activity largely curated from a publicly available AMP *** then compile the sequences present in our AVP database to generate structural predictions of generic AVP ***,we cover the rational design approaches available for AVPs taking into account approaches currently used for the rational design of AMPs.

关键词： Rational drugs rational

Diabetes exacerbates inflammatory bowel disease in mice with dietinduced obesity

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第33期29卷 4991-5004页

作者： Kendra L Francis Kimberly M Alonge Maria Cristina Pacheco Shannon j Hu Cody A Krutzsch Gregory j morton Michael W Schwartz jarrad M Scarlett Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology Seattle Children’s HospitalSeattleWA 98105United States 不详 Department of Medicinal Chemistry University of WashingtonSeattleWA 98195United States Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology Seattle Children's HospitalSeattleWA 98105United States

BACKGROUND The increased prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)among patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes suggests a causal link between these diseases,potentially involving the effect of hyperglycemia to disrupt intestinal barrier *** To investigate whether the deleterious impact of diabetes on the intestinal barrier is associated with increased IBD severity in a murine model of colitis in mice with and without diet-induced *** Mice were fed chow or a high-fat diet and subsequently received streptozotocin to induce diabetic-range *** weeks later,dextran sodium sulfate was given to induce *** select experiments,a subset of diabetic mice was treated with the antidiabetic drug dapagliflozin prior to colitis *** included both clinical and histological measures of colitis activity as well as histochemical markers of colonic epithelial barrier *** In mice given a high-fat diet,but not chow-fed animals,diabetes was associated with significantly increased clinical colitis activity and histopathologic markers of disease *** was also associated with a decrease in key components that regulate colonic epithelial barrier integrity(colonic mucin layer content and epithelial tight junction proteins)in diet-induced obese *** of these effects of diabetes in diet-induced obese mice was ameliorated by restoring *** In obese mice,diabetes worsened clinical and pathologic outcomes of colitis via mechanisms that are reversible with treatment of ***-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction offers a plausible mechanism linking diabetes to increased colitis *** findings suggest that effective diabetes management may decrease the clinical severity of IBD.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Type 2 diabetes Obesity Intestinal barrier Hyperglycemia Colitis in mice Tight junction proteins

In-vitro digestibility,protein digestibility corrected amino acid,and sensory properties of banana-cassava gluten-free pasta with soy protein isolate and egg white protein addition

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2023年第2期12卷 520-527页

作者： Adetiya Rachman Margaret ABrennan james morton Damir Torrico Charles S.Brennan Department of Wine Food and Molecular BiosciencesLincoln UniversityChristchurch 7647New Zealand Riddet Research Institute Palmerston North 4442New Zealand Indonesia Institute for Agricultural Research and Development Jakarta 12540Indonesia

Soy protein isolate and egg white protein were added to cassava-banana gluten-free pasta and the effects on the nutritional quality,digestibility properties,protein digestibility corrected amino acid(PDCAA),and sensory acceptance of the pasta was ***-cassava composite flour(75:25)was blended with soy protein isolate or egg white protein at the following rates:0,5,10,and 15 g/100 g *** pasta samples were analysed for total phenolic content(TPC),antioxidant activity,amino acid profiles,protein content,starch digestibility,protein digestibility and protein digestibility corrected amino acid score(PDCAAS).Addition of both proteins decreased starch digestibility,increased protein digestibility,improved the balance of the amino acid profile,and PDCAAS whereas only soy protein isolate enhanced the TPC and antioxidant capacity of the banana-cassava *** egg white protein-fortified banana-cassava pasta had better customer acceptance and purchase intent than soy protein isolate inclusion.

关键词： Banana flour Cassava flour Gluten-free pasta Digestibility properties Amino acid Sensory evaluation