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Towards wearable and implantable continuous drug monitoring:A review

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2021年第1期11卷 1-14页

作者： Sumin Bian Bowen Zhu Guoguang Rong mohamad sawan School of Engineering Westlake UniversityHangzhou 310024China

Continuous drug monitoring is a promising alternative to current therapeutic drug monitoring strategies and has a strong potential to reshape our understanding of pharmacokinetic variability and to improve individualised *** review highlights recent advances in biosensing technologies that support continuous drug monitoring in real *** focus primarily on aptamer-based biosensors,wearable and implantable *** is given to the approaches employed in constructing *** pay attention to sensors’biocompatibility,calibration performance,long-term characteristics stability and measurement ***,we discuss the current challenges and issues to be addressed in continuous drug monitoring to make it a promising,future tool for individualised *** ongoing efforts are expected to result in fully integrated implantable drug biosensing ***,we may anticipate an era of advanced healthcare in which wearable and implantable biochips will automatically adjust drug dosing in response to patient health conditions,thus enabling the management of diseases and enhancing individualised therapy.

关键词： Continuous drug monitoring Wearable biosensors Implantable biosensors In vivo pharmacokinetics Electrochemical aptamer-based sensors Individualised therapy

Optical biosensing of monkeypox virus using novel recombinant silica-binding proteins for site-directed antibody immobilization

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2024年第10期14卷 1496-1504页

作者： Xixi Song Ying Tao Sumin Bian mohamad sawan CenBRAIN Neurotech School of EngineeringWestlake UniversityHangzhou310030China

The efficient immobilization of capture antibodies is crucial for timely pathogen detection during global pandemic ***,we proposed a silica-binding protein featuring core functional domains(cSP).It comprises a peptide with a silica-binding tag designed to adhere to silica surfaces and tandem protein G fragments(2C2)for effective antibody *** innovation facilitates precise site-directed immobilization of antibodies onto silica *** applied cSP to silica-coated optical fibers,creating a fiber-optic biolayer interferometer(FO-BLI)biosensor capable of monitoring the monkeypox virus(MPXV)protein A29L in spiked clinical samples to rapidly detect the *** cSP-based FO-BLI biosensor for MPXV demonstrated a limit of detection(LOD)of 0.62 ng/mL in buffer,comparable to the 0.52 ng/mL LOD achieved using a conventional streptavidin(SA)-based FO-BLI ***,it achieved LODs of 0.77 ng/mL in spiked serum and 0.80 ng/mL in spiked saliva,exhibiting no cross-reactivity with other viral *** MPXV detection process was completed within 14 *** further proposed a cSP-based multi-virus biosensor strategy capable of detecting various pandemic strains,such as MPXV,the latest coronavirus disease(COVID)variants,and influenza A protein,to extend its *** proposed cSP-modified FO-BLI biosensor has a high potential for rapidly and accurately detecting MPXV antigens,making valuable contributions to epidemiological studies.

关键词： Site-directed immobilization Silica-binding proteins Optical biosensing Monkeypox virus Spiked clinical samples Multi-virus biosensor

Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare:Review and Prediction Case Studies

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Engineering 2020年第3期6卷 291-301页

作者： Guoguang Rong Arnaldo Mendez Elie Bou Assi Bo Zhao mohamad sawan School of Engineering Westlake UniversityHangzhou 310024China Institute of Advanced Study Westlake Institute for Advanced StudyHangzhou 310024China Polystim Neurotech Laboratory Polytechnique MontréalMontréalQC H3T1J4Canada Institute of VLSI Design College of Information Science and Electronic EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China

Artificial intelligence(AI)has been developing rapidly in recent years in terms of software algorithms,hardware implementation,and applications in a vast number of *** this review,we summarize the latest developments of applications of AI in biomedicine,including disease diagnostics,living assistance,biomedical information processing,and biomedical *** aim of this review is to keep track of new scientific accomplishments,to understand the availability of technologies,to appreciate the tremendous potential of AI in biomedicine,and to provide researchers in related fields with *** can be asserted that,just like AI itself,the application of AI in biomedicine is still in its early *** progress and breakthroughs will continue to push the frontier and widen the scope of AI application,and fast developments are envisioned in the near *** case studies are provided to illustrate the prediction of epileptic seizure occurrences and the filling of a dysfunctional urinary bladder.

关键词： Artificial intelligence Machine learning Deep learning Neural network Biomedical research Healthcare applications Epileptic seizure Urinary bladder filling

Biosensors for waterborne virus detection: Challenges and strategies

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2023年第11期13卷 1252-1268页

作者： Xixi Song Zina Fredj Yuqiao Zheng Hongyong Zhang Guoguang Rong Sumin Bian mohamad sawan CenBRAIN Neurotech School of EngineeringWestlake UniversityHangzhou310030China

Waterborne viruses that can be harmful to human health pose significant challenges globally,affecting health care systems and the *** these waterborne pathogens is essential for preventing diseases and protecting public ***,handling complex samples such as human and wastewater can be challenging due to their dynamic and complex composition and the ultralow concentration of target *** review presents a comprehensive overview of the latest breakthroughs in waterborne virus *** begins by highlighting several promising strategies that enhance the sensing performance of optical and electrochemical biosensors in human *** strategies include optimizing bioreceptor selection,transduction elements,signal amplification,and integrated sensing ***,the insights gained from biosensing waterborne viruses in human samples are applied to improve biosensing in wastewater,with a particular focus on sampling and sample pretreatment due to the dispersion characteristics of waterborne viruses in *** review suggests that implementing a comprehensive system that integrates the entire waterborne virus detection process with high-accuracy analysis could enhance virus *** findings provide valuable insights for improving the effectiveness of waterborne virus detection,which could have significant implications for public health and environmental management.

关键词： Waterborne viruses Biosensors Optical Electrochemical Human samples Wastewater

Emulation of Brain Metabolic Activities Based on a Dynamically Controllable Optical Phantom

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Cyborg and Bionic Systems 2023年第1期4卷 84-92页

作者： Yuxiang Lin Cheng Chen Zhouchen Ma Nabil Sabor Yanyan Wei Tianhong Zhang mohamad sawan Guoxing Wang Jian Zhao Department of Micro-Nano Electronics Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina Electrical Engineering Department Faculty of EngineeringAssiut UniversityAssiutEgypt Shanghai Mental Health Center Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina CenBRAIN Neurotech School of EngineeringWestlake UniversityHangzhouChina

This paper presents a dynamic optical phantom for the simulation of metabolic activities in the brain,and a linear equivalent model is built for control voltage versus substance concentration.A solid-solid dynamic optical phantom is realized by using liquid crystal film as a voltage-controlled light intensity regulator on the surface of basic phantom,which uses epoxy resin as matrix material and nanometer carbon powder and titanium dioxide powder as absorption and scattering dopants,*** dynamic phantom could mimic near-infrared spectrum(NIRS)signals with sampling rate up to 10 Hz,and the maximum simulation errors for oxy-hemoglobin and deoxy-hemoglobin concentrations varying in the range of 1μmol/l are 7.0%and 17.9%,*** with similar solid biomimetic phantoms,the adjustable mimic substance concentration range is extended by an order of magnitude,which meets the simulation requirements of most brain NIRS signals.

关键词： dynamic powder titanium

Design and Implementation Challenges of Microelectrode Arrays: A Review

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Materials Sciences and Applications 2013年第8期4卷 483-495页

作者： Bahareh Ghane-Motlagh mohamad sawan Polystim Neurotechnologies Laboratory Department of Electrical Engineering Polytechnique Montreal Montreal Canada

The emerging field of neuroprosthetics is focused on design and implementation of neural prostheses to restore some of the lost neural functions. Remarkable progress has been reported at most bioelectronic levels—particularly the various brain-machine interfaces (BMIs)—but the electrode-tissue contacts (ETCs) remain one of the major obstacles. The success of these BMIs relies on electrodes which are in contact with the neural tissue. Biological response to chronic implantation of Microelectrode arrays (MEAs) is an essential factor in determining a successful electrode design. By altering the material compositions and geometries of the arrays, fabrication techniques of MEAs insuring these ETCs try to obtain consistent recording signals from small groups of neurons without losing microstimulation capabilities, while maintaining low-impedance pathways for charge injection, high-charge transfer, and high-spatial resolution in recent years. So far, none of these attempts have led to a major breakthrough. Clearly, much work still needs to be done to accept a standard model of MEAs for clinical purposes. In this paper, we review different microfabrication techniques of MEAs with their advantages and drawbacks, and comment on various coating materials to enhance electrode performance. Then, we propose high-density, three-dimensional (3D), silicon-based MEAs using micromachining methods. The geometries that will be used include arrays of penetrating variable-height probes.

关键词： Microelectrode Arrays Electrodes-Tissues Contacts Microelectrode Impedance Neural Prosthesis

Fully On-Chip Integrated Photodetector Front-End Dedicated to Real-Time Portable Optical Brain Imaging

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Optics and Photonics Journal 2012年第4期2卷 300-313页

作者： Ehsan Kamrani Frederic Lesage mohamad sawan Electrical Engineering Department Ecole Polytechnique Montreal Canada

Optical brain imaging using functional near infra-red spectroscopy (fNIRS) offers a portable and noninvasive tool for monitoring of blood oxygenation. In this paper we have introduced a new miniaturized photodetector front-end on achip to be applied in a portable fNIRS system. It includes silicon avalanche photodiodes (SiAPD), Transimpedance amplifier (TIA) front-end and Quench-Reset circuitry to operate in both linear and Geiger modes. So it can be applied for both continuous-wave fNIRS (CW-fNIRS) and also single-photon counting. Proposed SiAPD exhibits high-avalanche gain (>100), low-breakdown voltage ( V) and high photon detection efficiency accompanying with low dark count rates. The proposed TIA front-end offer a low power consumption ( mW), high-transimpedance gain (up to 250 MV/A), tunable bandwidth (1 kHz - 1 GHz) and very low input and output noise (~few fA/√Hz and few μV/√Hz). The Geiger-mode photon counting front-end also exhibits a controllable hold-off and rest time with an ultra fast quench-reset time (few ns). This integrated system has been implemented using submicron (0.35 μm) standard CMOS technology.

关键词： Biochip Analog CMOS Integrated Circuit Trans-Impedance Amplifier fNIRS Brain Imaging Medical Imaging Optical Sensors

Detecting the Stable, Observable and Controllable States of the Human Brain Dynamics

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Open Journal of Medical Imaging 2012年第4期2卷 128-136页

作者： Ehsan Kamrani Armin N. Foroushani Mohsen Vaziripour mohamad sawan Electrical Engineering Department Ecole Polytechnique Montreal Canada

A new technique is proposed in this paper for real-time monitoring of brain neural activity based on the balloon model. A continuous-discrete extended Kalman filter is used to estimate the nonlinear model states. The stability, controlla- bility and observability of the proposed model are described based on the simulation and measured clinical data analysis. By introducing the controllable and observable states of the hemodynamic signal we have developed a numerical tech- nique to validate and compare the impact of brain signal parameters affecting on BOLD signal variation. This model increases significantly the signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR) and the speed of brain signal processing. A linear-quadratic regulator (LQR) also has been introduced for optimal control of the model.

关键词： BOLD Signal Hemodynamics Controllability and Observability FNIRS Brain Imaging Brain Dynamics

Efficient hemodynamic states stimulation using fNIRS data with the extended Kalman filter and bifurcation analysis of balloon model

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Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering 2012年第11期5卷 609-628页

作者： Ehsan Kamrani Armin N. Foroushani Mohsen Vaziripour mohamad sawan Electrical Engineering Department école Polytechnique de Montréal Montreal Canada

This paper introduces a stochastic hemodynamic system to describe the brain neural activity based on the balloon model. A continuous-discrete extended Kalman filter is used to estimate the nonlinear model states. The stability, controllability and observability of the proposed model are described based on the simulation and measurement data analysis. The observability and controllability characteristics are in- troduced as significant factors to validate the preference of different hemodynamic factors to be considered for diagnosis and monitoring in clinical applications. This model also can be efficiently applied in any monitoring and control platform include brain and for study of hemodynamics in brain imaging modalities such as pulse oximetry and functional near infrared spectroscopy. The work is on progress to extend the proposed model to cover more hemodynamic and neural brain signals for real-time in-vivo application.

关键词： BOLD Signal fNIRS Brain Monitoring Kalman Filter Stability Simulation and Modeling