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Impacts of prenatal nutrition on animal production and performance： a focus on growth and metabolic and endocrine function in sheep

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2018年第1期9卷 10-23页

作者： Prabhat Khanal mette olaf nielsen Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of Copenhagen Gronnegardsvey 31st floorDK-1870 Frederiksberg CDenmark Department of Nutrition Faculty of MedicineTransgenic Animal and Lipid StorageNorwegian Transgenic Centre(NTS)University of OsloOsloNotway

The concept of foetal programming（FP） originated from human epidemiological studies, where foetal life nutrition was linked to health and disease status later in life. Since the proposal of this phenomenon, it has been evaluated in various animal models to gain further insights into the mechanisms underlying the foetal origins of health and disease in humans. In FP research, the sheep has been quite extensively used as a model for humans. In this paper we will review findings mainly from our Copenhagen sheep model, on the implications of late gestation malnutrition for growth, development, and metabolic and endocrine functions later in life, and discuss how these implications may depend on the diet fed to the animal in early postnatal life. Our results have indicated that negative implications of foetal malnutrition, both as a result of overnutrition and, particularly, late gestation undernutrition, can impair a wide range of endocrine functions regulating growth and presumably also reproductive traits. These implications are not readily observable early in postnatal life, but are increasingly manifested as the animal approaches adulthood. No intervention or cure is known that can reverse this programming in postnatal life. Our findings suggest that close to normal growth and slaughter results can be obtained at least until puberty in animals which have undergone adverse programming in foetal life, but manifestation of programming effects becomes increasingly evident in adult *** to the risk of transfer of the adverse programming effects to future generations, it is therefore recommended that animals that are suspected to have undergone adverse FP are not used for reproduction. Unfortunately, no reliable biomarkers have as yet been identified that allow accurate identification of adversely programmed offspring at birth,except for very low or high birth weights, and, in pigs, characteristic changes in head shape（dolphin head）. Future efforts should be therefo

关键词： Adipose tissue Endocrine function Foetal programming Metabolic function Sheep

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Impact of dietary fat levels and fatty acid composition on milk fat synthesis in sows at peak lactation

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2023年第3期14卷 1134-1149页

作者： Li Zhe Uffe Krogh Charlotte Lauridsen mette olaf nielsen Zhengfeng Fang Peter Kappel Theil Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of EducationAnimal Nutrition InstituteSichuan Agricultural University211 Huimin RoadWenjiang DistrictChengdu 611130China Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Aarhus UniversityFoulumDk‑8830 TjeleDenmark

Background Dietary fat is important for energy provision and immune function of lactating sows and their ***,knowledge on the impact of fat on mammary transcription of lipogenic genes,de novo fat synthesis,and milk fatty acid(FA)output is sparse in *** study aimed to evaluate impacts of dietary fat levels and FA composition on these traits in *** second-parity sows(Danish Landrace×Yorkshire)were assigned to 1 of 5 dietary treatments from d 108 of gestation until weaning(d 28 of lactation):low-fat control diet(3%added animal fat);or 1 of 4 high-fat diets with 8%added fat:coconut oil(CO),fish oil(FO),sunflower oil(SO),or 4%octanoic acid plus 4%FO(OFO).Three approaches were taken to estimate de novo milk fat synthesis from glucose and body *** Daily intake of FA was lowest in low-fat sows within fat levels(P<0.01)and in OFO and FO sows within highfat diets(P<0.01).Daily milk outputs of fat,FA,energy,and FA-derived carbon reflected to a large extent the intake of *** average,estimates for de novo fat synthesis were 82 or 194 g/d from glucose according to method 1 or 2 and 255 g de novo+mobilized FA/d according to method *** low-fat diet increased mammary FAS expression(P<0.05)and de novo fat synthesis(method 1;P=0.13)within fat *** OFO diet increased de novo fat synthesis(method 1;P<0.05)and numerically upregulated mammary FAS expression compared to the other high-fat *** diets,a daily intake of 440 g digestible FA minimized milk fat originating from glucose and mobilized body *** Sows fed diets with low-fat or octanoic acid,through upregulating FAS expression,increased mammary de novo fat synthesis whereas the milk FA output remained low in sows fed the low-fat diet or high-fat OFO or FO diets,indicating that dietary FA intake,dietary fat level,and body fat mobilization in concert determine de novo fat synthesis,amount and profiles of FA in milk.

关键词： Carbon metabolism De novo fat synthesis Dietary fatty acid Fat balance Mammary gene expression Mammary lipogenesis Milk fat production Piglet growth

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Supplementation of a lacto-fermented rapeseed-seaweed blend promotes gut microbial-and gut immune-modulation in weaner piglets

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2022年第1期13卷 138-151页

作者： Yan Hui Paulina Tamez-Hidalgo Tomasz Cieplak Gizaw Dabessa Satessa Witold Kot Søren Kjærulff mette olaf nielsen Dennis Sandris nielsen Lukasz Krych Department of Food Science Faculty of ScienceUniversity of CopenhagenRolighedsvej 26DK-1958 Frederiksberg CDenmark Fermentationexperts A/S.Vorbassevej 12 DK-6622 BaekkeDenmark Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenGrønnegårdsvej 3DK-1870 Frederiksberg CDenmark Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences Faculty of ScienceUniversity of CopenhagenRolighedsvej 26DK-1958 Frederiksberg CDenmark Department of Animal Science Faculty of Technical SciencesAarhus UniversityBlichers Alle 20DK-8830 TjeleDenmark

Background:The direct use of medical zinc oxide in feed will be abandoned after 2022 in Europe,leaving an urgent need for substitutes to prevent post-weaning ***:This study investigated the effect of using rapeseed-seaweed blend(rapeseed meal added two brown macroalgae species Ascophylum nodosum and Saccharina latissima)fermented by lactobacilli(FRS)as feed ingredients in piglet *** d 28 of life to d 85,the piglets were fed one of three different feeding regimens(n=230 each)with inclusion of 0%,2.5% and 5% *** this period,no significant difference of piglet performance was found among the three *** a subset of piglets(n=10 from each treatment),blood samples for hematology,biochemistry and immunoglobulin analysis,colon digesta for microbiome analysis,and jejunum and colon tissues for histopathological analyses were *** piglets fed with 2.5% FRS manifested alleviated intraepithelial and stromal lymphocytes infiltration in the gut,enhanced colon mucosa barrier relative to the 0% FRS *** colon microbiota composition was determined using V3 and V1-V8 region 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing by Illumina NextSeq and Oxford Nanopore MinION,*** two amplicon sequencing strategies showed high consistency between the detected *** sequencing strategies indicated that inclusion of FRS reshaped the colon microbiome of weaned piglets with increased Shannon *** stercorea was verified by both methods to be more abundant in the piglets supplied with FRS feed,and its abundance was positively correlated with colonic mucosa thickness but negatively correlated with blood concentrations of leucocytes and ***:FRS supplementation relieved the gut lymphocyte infiltration of the weaned piglets,improved the colon mucosa barrier with altered microbiota *** the dietary inclusion of FRS from 2.5% to 5% did not lead to further improvements.

关键词： Amplicon sequencing Colon microbiota Fermented feed Gut barrier

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Severe steroid refractory gastritis induced by Nivolumab: A case report

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第16期26卷 1971-1978页

作者： Helene Hjorth Vindum JØrgen S Agnholt Anders Winther Moelby nielsen mette Bak nielsen Henrik Schmidt Department of Oncology Aarhus University HospitalAarhus 8200Denmark Department of Gastroenterology Aarhus University HospitalAarhus 8200Denmark Department of Pathology Aarhus University HospitalAarhus 8200Denmark

BACKGROUND Immune checkpoint inhibitors are widely used for treatment of many advanced *** gastrointestinal(GI)side effects,such as diarrhea and colitis,are common,but upper GI side effects are rarely ***,the correct treatment of upper GI adverse events has been less frequently *** SUMMARY We describe a case of a 16-year-old woman with stage IIIb malignant melanoma treated with adjuvant monotherapy using *** patient developed severe gastritis after six series of Nivolumab with weight loss,nausea,and *** was no effect of intravenous steroids,but the patient′s condition resolved after administration of *** This case report supports the same treatment for gastritis as for colitis,which is in line with current guidelines.

关键词： Gastritis Immune checkpoint inhibitors Nivolumab Case report Immune-related adverse events Infliximab

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Shot-noise limited, supercontinuum-based optical coherence tomography

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Light(Science & Applications) 2021年第7期10卷 1372-1384页

作者： Shreesha Rao D.S. Mikkel Jensen Lars Grüner-nielsen Jesper Toft Olsen Peter Heiduschka Björn Kemper Jürgen Schnekenburger Martin Glud mette Mogensen Niels Møller Israelsen Ole Bang DTU Fotonik Dept.of Photonics EngineeringTechnical University of DenmarkØrsteds Plads2800 Kongens LyngbyDenmark NKT Photonics A/S Blokken 843460 BirkerødDenmark Department of Ophthalmology University of Münster Medical CentreDomagkstr.15D-48149 MünsterGermany Biomedical Technology Center of the Medical Faculty University of MünsterMendelstr.17D-48149 MünsterGermany Department of Dermatology Bisbebjerg HospitalUniversity of CopenhagenBispebjerg Bakke 232400 Copenhagen NVDenmark

We present the first demonstration of shot-noise limited supercontinuum-based spectral domain optical coherence tomography(SD-OCT)with an axial resolution of 5.9μm at a center wavelength of 1370 *** supercontinuumbased SD-OCT systems cannot be operated in the shot-noise limited detection regime because of severe pulse-topulse relative intensity noise of the supercontinuum *** overcome this disadvantage,we have developed a low-noise supercontinuum source based on an all-normal dispersion(ANDi)fiber,pumped by a femtosecond *** noise performance of our 90 MHz ANDi fiber-based supercontinuum source is compared to that of two commercial sources operating at 80 and 320 MHz repetition *** show that the low-noise of the ANDi fiber-based supercontinuum source improves the OCT images significantly in terms of both higher contrast,better sensitivity,and improved *** SD-OCT imaging of skin,retina,and multilayer stacks we conclude that supercontinuumbased SD-OCT can enter the domain of shot-noise limited detection.

关键词： fiber optical pumped

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长期交通噪声暴露与糖尿病发生率:一项队列研究

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环境与职业医学 2013年第5期30卷 349-349页

作者： mette S rensen Zorana J.Andersen Rikke *** Thomas Becker Anne Tj nneland Kim Overvad Ole Raaschou-nielsen

[背景]正常城市水平的道路交通噪声会导致紧张和睡眠障碍。过多的紧张激素和睡眠质量及持续时间的下降均可能增加患2型糖尿病的风险。[目的]研究长期暴露于住宅道路交通噪声是否与糖尿病风险增加有关联。[方法]以人口为基础的丹麦饮食... 详细信息

[背景]正常城市水平的道路交通噪声会导致紧张和睡眠障碍。过多的紧张激素和睡眠质量及持续时间的下降均可能增加患2型糖尿病的风险。[目的]研究长期暴露于住宅道路交通噪声是否与糖尿病风险增加有关联。[方法]以人口为基础的丹麦饮食、癌症与健康队列研究于1993--1997午纳入57053名50～64岁的参加者。从入组到2006年期间，从全国糖尿病登记系统中确定有3869例发生糖尿病，平均随访时间为9．6年。通过国家登记册，确定这些患者在1988年至2006年间的现有及既往居住地址，并且对所有住址的道路交通噪声进行评估。

关键词：空气污染队列糖尿病流行病学交通噪声

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Latest development status of Qcells *** NEO technology

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第十九届中国太阳级硅及光伏发电研讨会(19th CSPV)

作者： J?rg W.Müller Ansgar mette Stefan H?rnlein Ingmar H?ger Martin Schaper Kai Petter Matthias Jungh?nel Christian Klenke Anika Weihrauch Hans-Christoph Ploigt Ohjin Kwon Antje Sch?nmann Osama Tobail Kyunghun Kim Axel Schwabedissen Maximilian Kauert Klaus Duncker René H?nig Janko Cieslak Florian Stenzel Bj?rn Faulwetter-Quandt Jessica Scharf Friederike Kersten Benjamin Lee Sissel Tind Kristensen olaf Schnelting Carsten Baer Martina Queck Gregor Zimmermann Matthias K?hler Nicole Lampa Britta Pohl-Hampel Lorenzo Burtone Larissa Niebergall Matthias Schütze Susanne Schulz Fabian Fertig Stefan Peters Markus Fischer Qcells Thalheim R&D Center(Hanwha Q CELLS GmbH)

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