Impacts of prenatal nutrition on animal production and performance： a focus on growth and metabolic and endocrine function in sheep

作     者：Prabhat Khanal Mette Olaf Nielsen 

作者机构：Department of Veterinary and Animal SciencesFaculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of Copenhagen Gronnegardsvey 31st floorDK-1870 Frederiksberg CDenmark Department of NutritionFaculty of MedicineTransgenic Animal and Lipid StorageNorwegian Transgenic Centre(NTS)University of OsloOsloNotway 

出 版 物：《Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology》 (畜牧与生物技术杂志（英文版）)

年 卷 期：2018年第9卷第1期

页      面：10-23页

核心收录：

学科分类：0905[农学-畜牧学] 09[农学] 

基　　金：The research activities involving the Copenhagen sheep model were supported by the Danish Council for Strategic Research through the research programme of the Centre for Foetal Programming(CFP) Denmark 

主　　题：Adipose tissue Endocrine function Foetal programming Metabolic function Sheep 

摘      要：The concept of foetal programming（FP） originated from human epidemiological studies, where foetal life nutrition was linked to health and disease status later in life. Since the proposal of this phenomenon, it has been evaluated in various animal models to gain further insights into the mechanisms underlying the foetal origins of health and disease in humans. In FP research, the sheep has been quite extensively used as a model for humans. In this paper we will review findings mainly from our Copenhagen sheep model, on the implications of late gestation malnutrition for growth, development, and metabolic and endocrine functions later in life, and discuss how these implications may depend on the diet fed to the animal in early postnatal life. Our results have indicated that negative implications of foetal malnutrition, both as a result of overnutrition and, particularly, late gestation undernutrition, can impair a wide range of endocrine functions regulating growth and presumably also reproductive traits. These implications are not readily observable early in postnatal life, but are increasingly manifested as the animal approaches adulthood. No intervention or cure is known that can reverse this programming in postnatal life. Our findings suggest that close to normal growth and slaughter results can be obtained at least until puberty in animals which have undergone adverse programming in foetal life, but manifestation of programming effects becomes increasingly evident in adult *** to the risk of transfer of the adverse programming effects to future generations, it is therefore recommended that animals that are suspected to have undergone adverse FP are not used for reproduction. Unfortunately, no reliable biomarkers have as yet been identified that allow accurate identification of adversely programmed offspring at birth,except for very low or high birth weights, and, in pigs, characteristic changes in head shape（dolphin head）. Future efforts should be therefo