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Transient Squeal Analysis of a Non Steady State Manoeuvre

Journal of Mechanics Engineering and Automation 2017年第5期7卷 269-277页

作者： Oliver Stump maximilian Konning Wolfgang Seemann Daimler AG Group Research & MBC Development Sindelfingen 71059 Germany Institute of Engineering Mechanies-Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Karlsruhe 76131 Germany

Brake squeal is one of the main NVH （vibration harshness） challenges in the brake development of passenger cars. The conflict of goals in the development process and the late testability leads to the need of a deeper basic understanding of the squeal phenomenon and definition of design rules. On the other hand, brake squeal is still a very interesting field of research also for the universities because of its combination of different fundamentals, such as friction and stability behaviour of systems with local nonlinearities. Major nonlinearities of the brake system are the joints, especially the contact areas formed by the oscillating brake pad and the caliper. The state-of-the-art calculation method, which still is the ＂complex eigenvalue analysis＂, linearizes these joints, hence, neglecting its nonlinear influence in the stability analysis. Vehicle and bench experiments show that special driving manoeuvres like parking, where the brake pad often leaves the steady state, are likely causing brake squeal. The system in these manoeuvres sometimes behaves opposed to the linearized stability analysis, indicating a limit cycle beyond the Hopf point. Therefore, these states must be investigated more closely. This paper investigates the nonlinear influence of the pad caliper joint in a fixed brake caliper, also called abutment. Bench tests with pressure foils at the abutment of the brake caliper and mode shape analysis were done and a simple FE （finite element） model for a transient simulation is proposed. It is shown that the joint activity varies with driving manoeuvres, leading to different stability behaviours and limiting cycle amplitudes.

关键词： Brake squeal transient analysis nonlinear joint stability analysis finite element method.

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1991以来俄罗斯—乌克兰关系中的社会契约建构 ——为什么莫斯科与基辅在重新谈判中失败？

1991以来俄罗斯—乌克兰关系中的社会契约建构 ——为什么莫斯科...

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作者： maximilian Ohle 南开大学

学位级别：硕士

1991年苏联解体后,俄罗斯一直寻求重新掌握对已经取得行政独立的苏联加盟国的传统统治地位以恢复其大国身份。依据戴维·莱克(David ***)所阐述的社会契约动力理论,乌克兰成为了本文的分析对象,因为它是建构克里姆林宫等级制关系的关键... 详细信息

1991年苏联解体后,俄罗斯一直寻求重新掌握对已经取得行政独立的苏联加盟国的传统统治地位以恢复其大国身份。依据戴维·莱克(David ***)所阐述的社会契约动力理论,乌克兰成为了本文的分析对象,因为它是建构克里姆林宫等级制关系的关键部分之一。由于过去的国际关系文献未能解释乌克兰在区域地缘政治环境中截然相反的两极,即俄罗斯和西方之间反复无常的徘徊,因此选择一个取代无政府文化教条式理解的研究方向至关重要。等级制概念使得主导国和附属国之间的互动博弈机制被发现——附属国可以基于“政治秩序的权力分配”模式寻求最优的净利益,这一利益正是产生于由主导国统领的等级制结构。通过揭开莫斯科、基辅双方在一轮轮具体事件中博弈没有真正赢家的原因,本文旨在阐明两国等级关系发展的不同阶段,从而更好地理解现代俄罗斯与乌克兰关系中存在的僵局问题。最后笔者得出了如下结论:尽管俄罗斯和乌克兰之间有着逐步加深的分歧,但从俄罗斯最终成功“收回”克里米亚以及在顿巴斯持续煽动非对称的战争这两件事可以看出,后者仍处在前者的等级制式的控制下。伴随“事情已经定下来了”的回声,未来俄罗斯与乌克兰之间的等级制关系是否会面临重新调整,仍然是个难题。从1991以来乌克兰总统的对冲策略是本文研究的重点。为了恢复对其传统附属的严格等级控制,俄罗斯对新独立的共和国采取了越来越强硬的姿态,不惜诉诸各种可能的手段,为了重新获得在该地区权势。然而,第一任独立的乌克兰第总统列昂尼德·克拉夫丘克(Leonid Kravchuk)(1991-1994年)试图将他的国家从俄罗斯手中解放出来。与此同时,他努力制定连贯的政策。此时的乌克兰处于严重的危机中:政治分裂、经济下行、去核化以及在克里木亚分裂主义阻碍了乌克兰社会经济状况的稳定。乌克兰的弱势在俄罗斯重建以克里姆林为中心的等级制的雄心下暴露无遗。于是,乌克兰通过《布达佩斯安全保障备忘录》寻求安全保障。尽管如此,该备忘录并没有阻止俄罗斯重申其侵略信号。克拉夫丘克的继任者,列昂尼德·库奇马(Leonid Kuchma)(1994-2005年),延续上届政府的多元矢量外交政策,寻求欧洲和北约的宣称乌克兰在欧盟和北约中寻求一体化,同时希望维持与俄罗斯的友好关系。后一点与《关于俄罗斯黑海舰队驻扎在乌克兰领土的地位和条件的分治条约》以及《乌俄两国友好合作伙伴关系条约》(1997年)不可分割地交织在一起。这些条约构成后苏联时代俄罗斯与乌克兰关系的社会契约基石。2004年的橙色革命标志乌克兰在地缘政治方面倒向西方。维克托·亚努科维奇(Viktor Yanukovych)在被指2004年的总统选举舞弊后,引发了国内反对其就任乌克兰总统的大规模抗议。经过重新投票,维克托·尤先科(Viktor Yushchenko)(2005-2010年)被承认为指定的接班人。尽管尤先科在任期内无法使乌克兰获得入盟地位,他的亲欧盟和亲北约政策旨在将乌克兰完全脱离俄罗斯的影响。国内环境的不稳定继续加剧了乌克兰政治机制的碎片化,尤先科的政策收效甚微,反而助长了西方的“乌克兰疲劳症”。2008年俄罗斯一格鲁吉亚短暂战争后,普京总统重新稳固了俄罗斯,这体现在俄罗斯摆出了高压的权力姿态和实施了强硬的外交政策行为。尽管西方学者和分析人士认为乌克兰将是下一个目标,但欧盟和北约无法达成一个社会契约应该构成的共识,于是推迟了乌克兰入盟的时间表。亚努科维奇和他的地区党(Party of the Regions)在总统选举中取得胜利后,他采取了具有“亲亚努科维奇”特色的多元矢量外交政策。为了从欧盟和欧亚一体化进程这两个一体化项目中受益,亚努科维奇在布鲁塞尔和莫斯科的两个地缘政治的极点之间摇摆不定。尽管他更倾向于欧盟一体化的经济激励措施,但他不愿意进行实质性的变革。相反地,俄罗斯希望用“忠诚换稳定”的策略让乌克兰对自己俯首帖耳。根据《哈尔科夫条约》(Kharkiv Pact)(2010年),克里姆林宫在安抚乌克兰,向供相对便宜的天然气价格的同时,仍然对它实施单边经济制裁。2013年11月,由于来自莫斯科方面的压力越来越巨大,亚努科维奇中止了《乌克兰—欧盟联合协议》(EU-Ukraine Association Agreement),乌克兰在布鲁塞尔,莫斯科两边摇摆的政策达到了高潮。随着乌克兰亲欧盟示威运动(Euromaidan protests)爆发以及亚努科维奇政权被推翻,地缘政治的重心重新转了向西方。尽管基辅的外交政策发生了这一转变,但鉴于俄罗斯最终“吞并”克里米亚以及在顿巴斯的混合战争的情况,我们可以得出结论——克里姆林宫仍然有能力破坏乌克兰的稳定。此后,以总统波罗申科为首的乌克兰决策者们一直在与西方的谈判互动中,寻求深化欧盟和北约一体化。

关键词：等级制体系俄罗斯乌克兰信号传递社会契约建构

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Let’s talk about Secs: Sec61, Sec62 and Sec63 in signaltransduction, oncology and personalized medicine

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2017年第1期2卷 229-238页

作者： maximilian Linxweiler Bernhard Schick Richard Zimmermann Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck SurgerySaarland University Medical CenterHomburgGermany Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Saarland UniversityHomburgGermany

The heterotrimeric Sec61 complex and the dimeric Sec62/Sec63 complex are located in the membrane of the human endoplasmic reticulum(ER)and play a central role in translocation of nascent and newly synthesized precursor polypeptides into the *** process involves targeting of the precursors to the membrane and opening of the polypeptide conducting Sec61 channel for *** from this central role in the intracellular transport of polypeptides,several studies of the last decade uncovered additional functions of Sec proteins in intracellular signaling:Sec62 can induce ER-phagy in the process of recovery of cells from ER stress and the Sec61 channel can also act as a passive ER calcium leak ***,mutations,amplifications and an overexpression of the SEC genes were linked to various diseases including kidney and liver diseases,diabetes and human *** of the last decade could not only elucidate the functional role of Sec proteins in the pathogenesis of these diseases,but also demonstrate a relevance of Sec62 as a prognostic and predictive biomarker in head and neck cancer,prostate and lung cancer including a basis for new therapeutic *** this article,we review the current understanding of protein transport across the ER membrane as central function of Sec proteins and further focus on recent studies that gave first insights into the functional role and therapeutic relevance of Sec61,Sec62 and Sec63 in human diseases.

关键词： transport signal cancer

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Spatially engineered nonlinearity in resonant metasurfaces

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Photonics Research 2023年第2期11卷 252-259页

作者： ANNA FEDOTOVA MOHAMMADREZA YOUNESI maximilian WEISSFLOG DENNIS ARSLAN THOMAS PERTSCH ISABELLE STAUDE FRANK SETZPFANDT Institute of Solid State Physics Friedrich Schiller University Jena07743 JenaGermany Institute of Applied Physics Abbe Center of PhotonicsFriedrich Schiller University Jena07745 JenaGermany Max Planck School of Photonics 07745 JenaGermany Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Optics and Precision Engineering 07745 JenaGermany

Spatial engineering of the nonlinear susceptibility χ^((2)) in resonant metasurfaces offers a new degree of freedom in the design of the far-field response of second-harmonic generation(SHG). We demonstrate this by applying electric field poling to lithium niobate(LN) thin films, which inverts the spontaneous polarization and thus the sign of χ^((2)). Metasurfaces fabricated in periodically poled LN films reveal the distinct influence of theχ^((2))-patterning on the spatial distribution of the second harmonic. This work is a first step toward far-field engineering of SHG in metasurfaces with electric field poling.

关键词： resonant surfaces harmonic

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Influence of Deposition Temperature on the Electrical and Electrochemical Properties of Carbon-Based Coatings for Metallic Bipolar Plates, Prepared by Cathodic Arc Evaporation

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Advances in Materials Physics and Chemistry 2022年第4期12卷 47-57页

作者： maximilian Steinhorst Maurizio Giorgio Teja Roch Christoph Leyens Fraunhofer Institute for Material and Beam Technology IWS Dresden Germany Institute of Material Science Technische Universit&auml t Dresden Dresden Germany

Cathodic arc evaporation is a well-established physical vapor deposition technique which is characterized by a high degree of ionization and high deposition rate. So far, this technique has been mainly used for the deposition of tribological coatings. In this study, anti-corrosive and electrical conductive carbon-based coatings with a metallic interlayer were prepared on stainless steel substrates as surface modification for metallic bipolar plates. Hereby, the influence of the deposition temperature during the deposition of the carbon top layer was investigated. Raman spectroscopy revealed differences in the microstructure at 200°C compared to 300°C and 100°C. Measurements of the interfacial contact resistance showed that the deposited coatings significantly improve the electrical conductivity. There are only minor differences between the different carbon top layers. The corrosion resistance of the coatings was studied via potentiodynamic polarization at room temperature and 80°C. Experiments showed that the coating with a carbon top layer deposited at 200°C, considerably reduces the current density and thus corrosion of the substrate is suppressed.

关键词： Bipolar Plate Corrosion Interfacial Contact Resistance Carbon Thin Film Physical Vapor Deposition

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Intraprosthetic fixation techniques in the treatment of periprosthetic fractures: A biomechanical study

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2012年第10期3卷 162-166页

作者： Stephan Brand Johannes Klotz Thomas Hassel maximilian Petri Carl Haasper Friedrich-Wilhelm Bach Christian Krettek Thomas Goesling Department of Trauma Medical School Hannover (MHH) D-30625 Hannover Germany Department of Material Sciences Leibniz University Hannover D-30625 Hannover Germany

AIM: To develop new fixation techniques for the treatment of periprosthetic fractures using intraprosthetic screw fixation with inserted threaded liners. METHODS: A Vancouver B1 periprosthetic fracture was simulated in femur prosthesis constructs using sawbones and cemented regular straight hip stems. Fixation was then performed with either unicortical locked-screw plating using the less invasive stabilization system-plate or with intraprosthetic screw fixation using inserted liners. Two experimental groups were formed using either prostheses made of titanium alloy or prostheses made of cobalt chrome alloy. Fixation stability was compared in an axial load-to-failure model. Drilling was performed using a specially invented prosthesis drill with constantly applied internal ***: The intraprosthetic fixation model with titanium prostheses was superior to the unicortical lockedscrew fixation in all tested devices. The intraprosthetic fixation model required 10 456 N ± 1892 N for failure and the unicortical locked-screw plating required 7649 N ± 653 N(P < 0.05). There was no significant difference between the second experimental group and the control ***: Intraprosthetic screw anchorage with special threaded liners enhances the primary stability in treating periprosthetic fractures by internal fixation.

关键词： Periprosthetic fracture Less invasive stabilization system Plate fixation Intraprosthetic screw fixation Material science Biomechanical testing Axial load-to-failure

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Time resolved studies reveal the origin of the unparalleled high efficiency of one nanosecond laser ablation in liquids

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Opto-Electronic Advances 2022年第6期5卷 44-54页

作者： Sarah Dittrich maximilian Spellauge Stephan Barcikowski Heinz P.Huber Bilal Gökce Technical Chemistry I and Center of Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen(CENIDE) University of Duisburg-EssenUniversitaetsstr.745141 EssenGermany Department of Applied Sciences and Mechatronics Munich University of Applied SciencesLothstr.3480335 MunichGermany Materials Science and Additive Manufacturing School of Mechanical Engineering and Safety EngineeringUniversity of WuppertalGaußstraße 2042119 WuppertalGermany.

Laser ablation in liquid is a scalable nanoparticle production method with applications in areas like catalysis and *** to laser-liquid interactions,different energy dissipation channels such as absorption by the liquid and scattering at the ablation plume and cavitation bubble lead to reduced laser energy available for nanoparticle *** pulse durations cause unwanted nonlinear effects in the liquid,and for ns pulses,intra-pulse energy deposition attenuation effects are to be ***,intermediate pulse durations ranging from hundreds of picoseconds up to one nanosecond have rarely been studied in particular in single-pulse *** this study,we explore the pico-to nanosecond pulse duration regimes to find the pulse duration with the highest ablation *** find that pulse durations around 1-2 ns enable the most efficient laser ablation in liquid since the laser beam shielding by the ablation plume and cavitation bubble sets in only at longer pulse ***,pump-probe microscopy imaging reveals that the plume dynamics in liquids start to differ from plume dynamics in air at about 2 ns after pulse impact.

关键词： colloid synthesis nanoparticles cavitation bubble power-specific productivity ablation plume vapor formation

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Injury patterns of seniors in traffic accidents: A technical and medical analysis

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2012年第9期3卷 151-155页

作者： Stephan Brand Dietmar Otte Christian Walter Mueller maximilian Petri Philipp Haas Timo Stuebig Christian Krettek Carl Haasper Accident Research Unit Trauma Department Medical School Hannover (MHH) D-30625 Hannover Germany

AIM:To investigate the actual injury situation of seniors in traffic accidents and to evaluate the different injury ***:Injury data,environmental circumstances and crash circumstances of accidents were collected shortly after the accident event at the *** these data,a technical and medical analysis was performed,including Injury Severity Score,Abbreviated Injury Scale and Maximum Abbreviated Injury *** method of data collection is named the German InDepth Accident Study and can be seen as ***:A total of 4430 injured seniors in traffic accidents were *** incidence of sustaining severe injuries to extremities,head and maxillofacial region was significantly higher in the group of elderly people compared to a younger age(P<0.05).The number of accident-related injuries was higher in the group of seniors compared to other ***:Seniors are more likely to be involved in traffic injuries and to sustain serious to severe injuries compared to other groups.

关键词： Traffic accidents Seniors Head injury Injury severity score Abbreviated injury scale

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ER stress-induced aggresome trafficking of HtrA1 protects against proteotoxicity

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Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2017年第6期9卷 516-532页

作者： maximilian J. Gerhardt Joseph A. Marsh Margaux Morrison Andrius Kazlauskas Arogya Khadka Stephan Rosenkranz Margaret M. DeAngelis Magali Saint-Geniez Sarah Melissa P. Jacobo Department of Ophthalmology Harvard Medical School The Schepens Eye Research Institute and Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary Boston MA 02114 USA Department III of Internal Medicine Cologne University Heart Center Center for Molecular Medicine University of Cologne 50931 Cologne Germany MRC Human Genetics Unit Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine University of Edinburgh Edinburgh EH4 2XU UK Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences University of Utah and John A. Moran Eye Center Salt Lake City UT 84132 USA

High temperature requirement A1 （HtrA1） belongs to an ancient protein family that is linked to various human disorders. The pre- cise role of exon 1-encoded N-terminal domains and how these influence the biological functions of human HtrAZ remain elusive. In this study, we traced the evolutionary origins of these N-terminal domains to a single gene fusion event in the most recent common ancestor of vertebrates. We hypothesized that human HtrA1 is impticated in unfotded protein response. ｜n highly secre- tory cells of the retinal pigmented epithelia, endoplasmic reticulum （ER） stress upregulated HtrA1. HtrA1 co-localized with vimen- tin intermediate filaments in highly arborized fashion. Upon ER stress, HtrA1 tracked along intermediate filaments, which collapsed and bundled in an aggresome at the microtubule organizing center. Gene silencing of HtrA1 altered the schedule and amplitude of adaptive signaling and concomitantly resulted in apoptosis. Restoration of wild-type HtrA1, but not its protease inactive mutant, was necessary and sufficient to protect from apoptosis. A variant of HtrA1 that harbored exon 1 substitutions dis- played reduced efficacy in rescuing cells from proteotoxicity. Our results illuminate the integration of HtrA1 in the toolkit of mam- malian cells against protein misfolding and the implications of defects in HtrA1 in proteostasis.

关键词： ER stress unfolded protein response RPE HtrA1 multi-domain protein evolution proteostasis

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Trapped in Tremendous Congestion:Can Beijing Find a Road Towards Harmonious and Sustainable Transport?

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China City Planning Review 2012年第4期21卷 39-47页

作者： Felix Creutzig ZHOU Jiangping maximilian Thess Michael Replogle Department Economics of Climate Change Technische Universitt Berlin Department of Community and Regional Planning Iowa State University Institute for Transportation and Development Policy(ITDP)

Beijing's congestion and air pollution is infamous among local residents and *** rising car ownership demonstrates increased material well-being,and is a show-case of the Chinese economic miracle,car driving in the dense urban fabric of Beijing deteriorates the efficiency of transport,local public health and quality of life,and contributes to human-made global *** social disbenefits of significantly increased use of cars in Beijing most likely outweigh the benefits of increased *** municipal authorities are clearly aware of this challenge,and many policy instruments are being implemented to reduce the burden of car traffic for residents and transport users *** partial improvements are visible,current measures have not been sufficient to manage growing transport *** further initiatives,present trends point to further deterioration in transport system efficiency and quality of *** paper demonstrates the potential benefits of more effective transport demand management,integrated public transit provision,land use planning and car pricing,which together could help make Beijing a city of harmonious and sustainable transport.

关键词： Beijing traffic congestion emission management policy

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