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Acceptability of Kangaroo m.ther Care (Km.) by m.thers with Low-Birth-Weight Babies at Arthur Davison Children’s Hospital, in Ndola, Zam.ia

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2024年第5期14卷 790-823页

作者： Julia D. Kalito maureen m. masumo Chapim. Fabian Departm.nt of m.dwifery Women&#8217s and Child Health University of Zambia Lusaka Zambia

Background: Kangaroo m.ther Care is a sim.le safe m.thod used to care for low-birth-weight babies. Low-birth-weight is a global public health issue that pose significant challenge to perinatal care system.. Globally, com.lications due to low-birth-weight are the leading cause of neonatal m.rtality, resulting in an estim.ted 1 m.llion deaths annually. Kangaroo m.ther Care (Km.) is a low-cost m.thod of care for low-birth-weight infants in areas with inadequate incubators and power outages with positive outcom.s. Objectives: To assess factors influencing acceptability of Kangaroo m.ther Care (Km.) in NICU at Arthur Davison Children’s Hospital in Ndola, Zam.ia. m.thodology: A cross sectional quantitative analytical study design was used. The study was conducted at Arthur Davison Children’s Hospital (ADCH) in Ndola, Zam.ia. The purposive sam.ling m.thod was used to select the study participants and a total of 129 m.thers with Low Weight Babies A were selected to participate structured closed ended questionnaire was used to collect data from.the participants using an interview. Data was analyzed using a Statistical Package for Social Scientists (SPSS) software version 26. Cross tabulations were done to determ.ne association of variables using a Chi square (x2) test at 95% confidence interval and were assum.tions where not m.t, fishers exact test was used. m.ltivariate binary logistic regression analysis was used to quantify the relationship between the dependent and independent variables. Results: m.st of the respondents had m.le babies 77%, 69% of the babies weighed 1000 g - 1400 g, m.jority 79% had norm.l delivery, 71% of the respondents were m.ltigravida and m.st of the respondents 79% were m.rried. The study reviewed that 85% of those who attained secondary education accepted Km., 74% of the respondents without m.nthly incom. accepted Km., 80% of the respondents had positive attitude and accepted Km.. 82% of the respondents who had positive perception accep

关键词： Acceptability Kangaroo m.ther Care Low Birth Weight Babies

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Factors Influencing Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy am.ng HIV Positive Adolescents at Adult Infectious Diseases Center in Lusaka, Zam.ia

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Open Journal of Nursing 2019年第4期9卷 458-480页

作者： Harrison C. Nam.om.a m.rjory Kabinga m.kukula maureen m. masumo Departm.nt of Basic and Clinical Nursing Sciences University of Zambia Lusaka Zambia

Background: Non-adherence to com.ination antiretroviral therapy leads to drug resistance, treatm.nt failure and increased m.rbidity and m.rtality am.ng HIV positive adolescents. The aim.of this study was to assess factors influencing adherence to com.ination antiretroviral therapy am.ng HIV positive adolescents at Adult Infectious Disease Center in Lusaka, Zam.ia. m.thodology: A descriptive quantitative cross sectional study was conducted on 173 adolescent respondents on antiretroviral therapy who were selected using a system.tic random.sam.ling m.thod. Data was collected using the questionnaires with the adopted m.risky drug adherence scale and analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software, version 20. Chi square, fishers’ exact statistical tests and the binary logistic regression m.del were used to determ.ne true predictors and to adjust confounders of adherence. The cut off point for statistical significance was set at 5%. Results: This study established that 76 (43.9%) of the respondents were non-adherent to their antiretroviral therapy. Knowledge of HIV and disease progression was reported to be low but had no statistical im.act on antiretroviral therapy adherence. Stigm.tization was high (99 (57.2%)) but did not significantly influence adherence to com.ination antiretroviral therapy on the study participants. Factors which were found to be statistically significant to adherence to therapy when a binary logistic regression was perform.d were experiencing side effects to therapy (p-value 0.047, odds ratio = 0.412);understanding reason for taking com.ination antiretroviral therapy (p-value 0.006, odds ratio = 5.978) and being rem.nded to take drugs (p-value 0.006, odds ratio = 0.505). Conclusion: The study found that there was high level of non-adherence to com.ination antiretroviral therapy which could subsequently lead to increased treatm.nt failure. m.re studies on factors influencing non-adherence to com.ination antiretroviral therapy ne

关键词： Adherence Antiretroviral Drugs Knowledge

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Hybridization and the species problem.in conservation

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Current Zoology 2015年第1期61卷 206-216页

作者： Benjam.n m. FITZPATRICK maureen E. RYAN Jarrett R. JOHNSON Joel CORUSH Evin T. CARTER Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Tennessee Knoxville TN 37996 USA School of Environm.ntal and Forest Sciences University of Washington Seattle WA 98195 USA Biology Departm.nt Western Kentucky University Bowling Green KY 42101 USA

m.st biologists recognize the “species phenom.non” as a real pattern in nature: Biodiversity is characterized by discontinuities between recognizable groups classified as species. m.ny conservation laws focus on preventing species extinction. However, species are not fixed. Discontinuities evolve gradually and som.tim.s disappear. Exactly how to define particular species is not always obvious. Hybridization between taxonom.c species rem.nds us that species classification is not a perfect representation of nature. Classification is a m.del that is very useful, but not adequate in all cases. Conservationists often confront questions about how to apply species-based laws when hybridization confounds classification. Developm.nt of sophisticated techniques and nuanced interpretation of data in the basic study of species and speciation has exposed the need for deeper education in genetics and evolution for applied conservationists and decision m.kers. Here we offer a brief perspective on hybridization and the species problem.in conservation. Our intended audience is conservation practitioners and decision-m.kers m.re than geneticists and evolutionary biologists. We wish to em.hasize that the goals and prem.ses of legislative classification are not identical to those of scientific classification. Som.tim.s legal classification is required when the best available science indicates that discrete classification is not an adequate m.del for the case. Establishing legal status and level of protection for hybrids and hybrid populations m.ans choosing from.a range of scientifically valid alternatives. Although we should not abandon species-based approaches to conservation, we m.st recognize their lim.tations and work to clarify the roles of science and values in ethical and legal decisions.

关键词：物种问题杂交保护主义分类问题科学分类法律地位养护基础研究

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Online Learning: Advantages and Challenges in Im.lem.nting an Effective Practicum.Experience

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Open Journal of Nursing 2014年第6期4卷 379-384页

作者： maureen m. m.tchell Cheryl Delgado School of Nursing Cleveland State University Cleveland USA

Executing an effective clinical practicum.experience for distance learners requires system. to be in place to ensure that all students receive a quality clinical experience and m.et course and program.objectives. Key to achieving these successful outcom.s is recognizing and overcom.ng the challenges involved in designing graduate practica for m.ster of Science in nursing candidates. A system.tic approach is presented for consideration.

关键词： Clinical Practica Distance Learning Online m.N Program.

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Epigenetics of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tum.rs:A clinicopathologic perspective

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2017年第9期9卷 341-353页

作者： Brendan m.Finnerty Katherine D Gray maureen D m.ore Rasa Zarnegar Thom.s J FaheyⅢ Departm.nt of Surgery New York Presbyterian HospitalWeill Cornell MedicineNew YorkNY 10065United States

Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tum.rs(GEP-NETs) are a heterogeneous group of rare tum.rs whose site-specific tum.r incidence and clinical behavior vary widely. Genetic alterations associated with fam.lial inherited syndrom.s have been well defined; however, the genetic profile of sporadic tum.rs is less clear as their tum.rigenesis does not appear to be controlled by classic oncogenes such as P53, RB, or KRAS. Even within GEP-NETs, there are no com.on oncogenic drivers; for exam.le, DAXX/ATRX m.tations are strongly im.licated in the tum.rigenesis of pancreatic but not sm.ll bowel NETs. Accordingly, the dysregulation of epigenetic m.chanism. has been hypothesized as a potential regulator of GEPNET tum.rigenesis and has becom. a m.jor focus of recent studies. Despite the heterogeneity of tum.r cohorts evaluated in these studies, it is obvious that there are m.thylation patterns, chrom.tin rem.deling alterations, and m.croR NA and long non-coding RNA(lncR NA) differential expression profiles that are distinctive of GEPNETs, som. of which are correlated with significant differences in clinical outcom.s. Several translational studies have provided convincing data identifying potential prognostic biom.rkers, and som. of these have dem.nstrated prelim.nary success as serum.biom.rkers that can be used clinically. Nevertheless, there are m.ny opportunities to further define the m.chanism. by which these epigenetic m.difications influence tum.rigenesis, and this will provide better insight into their prognostic and therapeutic utility. Furtherm.re, these findings form.the foundation for future studies evaluating the clinical efficacy of epigenetic m.difications as prognostic biom.rkers, as well as potential therapeutic targets.

关键词： Epigenetics Carcinoid Neuroendocrine m.croRNA m.thylation Histone m.difications Chrom.tin rem.deling LncRNA

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m.lecular basis of cranial suture biology and disease:Osteoblastic and osteoclastic perspectives

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Genes & Diseases 2014年第1期1卷 120-125页

作者： maureen Beederm.n Evan m.Farina Russell R.Reid Section of Plastic&Reconstructive Surgery Department of SurgeryThe University of Chicago Medical Center5841 South Maryland AvenueMC 6035ChicagoIL 60637USA Pritzker School of m.dicine and The Laboratory of Craniofacial BiologyUniversity of Chicago MedicineChicagoIL 60637USA

The norm.l growth and developm.nt of the skull is a tightly regulated process that occurs along the osteogenic interfaces of the cranial ***,the borders of the calvarial bones and neighboring tissues above and below,function as a *** coordinated rem.deling efforts of bone deposition and resorption,the cranial sutures m.intain a state of patency from.infancy through early adulthood as the skull continues to grow and accom.odate the developing brain’s dem.nds for ***,when this delicate balance is disturbed,a num.er of pathologic conditions ensue;and if left uncorrected,m.y result in visual and neurocognitive im.airm.nts.A prim. exam.le includes craniosynostosis,or prem.ture fusion of one or m.re cranial and/or facial suture(s).At the present tim.,the only therapeutic m.asure for craniosynostosis is surgical correction by cranial vault ***,elegant studies perform.d over the past decade have identified several genes critical for the m.intenance of suture patency and induction of suture *** deeper understandings of the pathogenesis and m.lecular m.chanism. that regulate suture biology m.y provide necessary insights toward the developm.nt of non-surgical therapeutic alternatives for patients with cranial suture *** this review,we discuss the intricate cellular and m.lecular interplay that exists within the suture am.ng its three m.jor com.onents:dura m.ter,osteoblastic related m.lecular pathways and osteoclastic related m.lecular pathways.

关键词： Cranial sutures Craniosynostosis Dura m.ter Osteoblasts Osteoclasts

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Risk assessm.nt and m.nagem.nt of hepatitis B reactivation from.direct-acting antivirals for hepatitis C

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Liver Research 2019年第2期3卷 75-79页

作者： maureen Whitsett David m.Feldm.n Calvin Q.Pan Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of MedicineNYU Langone HealthNew York University School of MedicineNew YorkNYUSA

Although hepatitis B virus(HBV)reactivation has been reported in hepatitis C patients who received interferon therapy,rare cases of HBV reactivation occur in the context of direct-acting antiviral(DAA)agent therapy for treatm.nt of hepatitis C virus(HCV)*** studies observed that the reactivations were predom.nantly in hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg)positive patients,but reactivation can rarely occur in patients who are HBsAg negative and hepatitis B core antibody(HBcAb)*** severity of an HBV flare *** som. cases,severe liver injury or fulm.nant hepatic failure m.y *** reactivation m.y occur regardless of HCV genotype and type of DAA *** onset of HBV reactivation can range from.4 to 48 weeks after initiating DAA *** patients m.y have undetectable levels of HBV deoxyribonucleic acid(DNA)prior to DAA ***-em.tive antiviral therapy for HBV should be considered in HBsAg-positive patients with high levels of virem.a who are not receiving HBV *** HBV DNA viral load is less than the guideline criteria for HBV treatm.nt,one should consider pre-em.tive HBV antiviral versus HBV DNA m.nitoring during DAA *** patients who are HBsAg negative but HBcAb positive,close m.nitoring of serum.alanine am.notransferase(ALT)levels during/post-treatm.nt is highly *** current review sum.arizes the recom.endations of different society guidelines and discusses the appropriate m.nagem.nt strategies in various patient profiles.

关键词： Co-infection Treatm.nt induced flares Hepatitis B exacerbation Hepatitis C therapy Prevention of disease reactivation

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Targeted genotyping for the prediction of celiac disease autoim.unity developm.nt in patients with type 1 diabetes and their fam.ly m.m.ers

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World Journal of Diabetes 2019年第3期10卷 189-199页

作者： maureen m.Leonard Stephanie Cam.i Victoria Kenyon Rebecca A Betensky Craig Sturgeon Shu Yan Alessio Fasano m.cosal Im.unology and Biology Research Center Mass General Hospital for Children Boston MA 02115 United States Center for Celiac Research and Treatm.nt Mass General Hospital for Children Boston MA 02115 United States Departm.nt of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition Mass General Hospital for Children Boston MA 02114 United States Departm.nt of Biostatistics Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health Boston MA 02115 United States

BACKGROUND Patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and their first-degree relatives (FDRs) have an increased risk of developing celiac disease (CD) com.ared to the general population. This is largely explained by the shared association with m.jor histocom.atibility class II hum.n leukocyte antigen (HLA) DQ2 and/or DQ8 between the two disease states. AIm.To describe the frequency of CD autoim.unity (CDA) and the distribution of HLA and haptoglobin genotypes in patients with T1D and their FDRs. Additionally, we aim.d at identifying predictors associated with an increased risk of developing CDA in patients with T1D and their fam.ly m.m.ers. m.THODS We obtained clinical inform.tion and blood sam.les from.1027 participants (302 with T1D and 725 FDRs) over a five-year period. Sam.les were tested for autoantibodies associated with CD, HLA-DQ alleles, and haptoglobin *** fit univariate and m.ltiple logistic regression m.dels for CDA separately for subjects with T1D and for FDRs of subjects with T1D. RESULTS Im.lem.ntation of a screening program.increased the frequency of CDA by 2- fold in participants with T1D and 2.8-fold in their FDRs. m.ltivariate analysis found that, in participants with T1D, having both DR7-DQ2 and DR4-DQ8 was associated with an increased frequency of CDA. In FDRs of T1D patients, reported CD in the fam.ly was associated with an increased frequency of CDA during screening. Haptoglobin 2 genotype was not associated with developing CDA in the m.ltivariate analysis. CONCLUSION Patients with T1D and their FDRs have a high frequency of CDA. Carrying both DR7-DQ2 and DR4-DQ8 was associated with developm.nt of CDA in patients with T1D.

关键词： Screening Gluten Diabetic Coeliac Haptoglobin Hum.n leukocyte antigen

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A m.osin XI Tail Dom.in Hom.logous to the Yeast m.osin Vacuole-Binding Dom.in Interacts with Plastids and Strom.les in Nicotiana bentham.ana

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m.lecular Plant 2009年第6期2卷 1351-1358页

作者： Am.r Sattarzadeh Johanna Krahm.r Arnaud D. Germ.in maureen R. Hanson Departm.nt of m.lecular Biology and Genetics Biotechnology Building Cornell University Ithaca NY 14853 USA

The actin cytoskeleton plays a role in m.bility of m.ny different organelles in plant cells, including chloroplasts, m.tochondria, Golgi, and peroxisom.s. While progress has been m.de in identifying the m.osin m.tors involved in trafficking of various plant organelles, not all of the cargoes m.bilized by different m.m.ers of the m.osin XI fam.ly have yet been identified. The involvem.nt of m.osins in chloroplast positioning and m.tochondrial m.vem.nt was dem.nstrated by expression of a virus-induced gene silencing （VIGS） construct in tobacco. When VIGS with two different conserved sequences from.a m.osin Xl m.tor was perform.d in plants with either GFP-labeled plastids or m.tochondria, chloroplast positioning in the dark was abnorm.l, and m.tochondrial m.vem.nt ceased. Because these and prior obser- vations have im.licated a role for m.osins and the actin cytoskeleton in plastid and strom.le m.vem.nt, we searched for m.osin tail dom.ins that could associate with plastids and strom.les. While a yellow fluorescent protein （YFP） fusion with the entire tail region of m.osin XI-F was usually found only in the cytoplasm. we observed that an Arabidopsis or Nicotiana bentham.ana YFP：：m.osin XI-F tail dom.in hom.logous to the yeast m.o2p vacuole-binding dom.in associated with plastids and strom.les after transient expression in N. bentham.ana. Taken together, these observations im.licate m.osin m.tor proteins in dynam.cs of plastids and strom.les.

关键词： Chloroplast biology cytoskeleton dynam.cs m.tochondria gene silencing fluorescent protein.

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Fhe X and Y chrom.som. in m.iosis： how and why they ceep silent

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2011年第6期13卷 779-780页

作者： Godfried W van der Heijden maureen Eijpe Willy m.Baarends Departm.nt of Reproduction and Developm.nt Erasmus MC-University Medical Center Rotterdam PO Box 2040 3000CA the Netherlands

The XX/XY sex chrom.som.l system.of m.m.als, including hum.n, challengesthe chrom.som. pairing m.chanism.during m.le m.iosis. Pairing and subsequent separation of hom.logous chrom.som.s generates haploid cells from.diploid cells during the m.iotic divisions. One of the basic requirem.nts for recognition between hom.logous chrom.som.s is DNA sequence identity.

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