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A novel diurnal and seasonal variation analysis of bTEX in bengaluru urban area

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Research in Cold and Arid Regions 2024年第1期16卷 14-19页

作者： H.n.Sowmya M.Dinamani G.P.Shivashankara H.K.Ramaraju b.S.Surendra Vijaya V.Shanbhag R.Prajwal Department of Civil Engineering Dayananda Sagar College of EngineeringBangalore 560078India Department of Chemistry Dayananda Sagar College of EngineeringBangalore 560078India Department of Physics GFGCVijayanagarBengaluru 560040India

In the urban atmosphere of bengaluru, various volatile organic compounds(VOCs), particularly benzene,Toluene, Ethylbenzene, and Xylene(bTEX), have shown an increasing trend in concentration. The present research was conducted during summer and monsoon seasons, focusing on Kadubeesanahalli, a high-traffic area within the bengaluru Metropolitan City. Hourly sample data was collected using a bTEX analyzer(Model GC955-600) and subsequently transformed into daily, monthly, and seasonal values. The study revealed distinct patterns in benzene concentrations. benzene levels were lowest during the early morning hours, specifically from 1:00 *** 7:00 a.m.. Concentrations then increased from 7:00 a.m. to 9:00 a.m. and again from 4:00 p.m. to 11:00 p.m.,corresponding to the morning and evening peak traffic hours. However, between 10:00 a.m. and 4:00 p.m., the concentration decreased due to reduced traffic levels. These diurnal variations in benzene concentration are influenced by meteorological parameters. Comparing the two seasons, higher concentrations of benzene, Ethylbenzene, and MP-xylene were observed during the summer season. This increase is attributed to the elevated temperatures during summer, which promote the vaporization of bTEX compounds. Conversely, lower bTEX concentrations were recorded during the monsoon season due to the wet deposition process. The observed positive correlation(r > 0.5) among bTEX parameters strongly suggests a common source, most likely originating from vehicular emissions.

关键词： bTEX Summer variation Meteorological parameters Correlation

Elevated brain temperature under severe heat exposure impairs cortical motor activity and executive function

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第2期13卷 233-244页

作者： Xiang Ren Tan mary C.Stephenson Sharifah badriyah Alhadad Kelvin W.Z.Loh Tuck Wah Soong Jason K.W.Lee Ivan C.C.Low Health and Social Sciences Singapore Institute of TechnologySingapore 138683Singapore Human Potential Translational Research Programme Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore 117597Singapore Centre for Translational Magnetic Resonance Research Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore 117549Singapore Department of Physiology Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore 117593Singapore Heat Resilience and Performance Centre Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore 117510Singapore n.1 Institute for Health National University of SingaporeSingapore 117456Singapore Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise(CREATE) Singapore 138602Singapore

background:Excessive heat exposure can lead to hyperthermia in humans,which impairs physical performance and disrupts cognitive *** heat is a known physiological stressor,it is unclear how severe heat stress affects brain physiology and ***:Eleven healthy participants were subjected to heat stress from prolonged exercise or warm water immersion until their rectal temperatures(T_(re))attained 39.5℃,inducing exertional or passive hyperthermia,*** a separate trial,blended ice was ingested before and during exercise as a cooling *** were compared to a control condition with seated rest(normothermic).brain temperature(T_(br)),cerebral perfusion,and task-based brain activity were assessed using magnetic resonance imaging ***:T_(br)in motor cortex was found to be tightly regulated at rest(37.3℃±0.4℃(mean±SD))despite fluctuations in T_(re).With the development of hyperthermia,T_(br)increases and dovetails with the rising T_(re).bilateral motor cortical activity was suppressed during high-intensity plantarflexion tasks,implying a reduced central motor drive in hyperthermic participants(T_(re)=38.5℃±0.1℃).Global gray matter perfusion and regional perfusion in sensorimotor cortex were reduced with passive *** function was poorer under a passive hyperthermic state,and this could relate to compromised visual processing as indicated by the reduced activation of left lateral-occipital ***,ingestion of blended ice before and during exercise alleviated the rise in both T_(re)and T_(bc)and mitigated heat-related neural ***:Severe heat exposure elevates T_(br),disrupts motor cortical activity and executive function,and this can lead to impairment of physical and cognitive performance.

关键词： brain functional activity Cognition Heat stress Hyperthermia Motor function

A facile strategy for tuning the density of surface-grafted biomolecules for melt extrusion-based additive manufacturing applications

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bio-Design and Manufacturing 2024年第3期7卷 277-291页

作者： I.A.O.beeren G.Dos Santos P.J.Dijkstra C.Mota J.bauer H.Ferreira Rui L.Reis n.neves S.Camarero-Espinosa M.b.baker L.Moroni Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative MedicineMaastricht University6229 ER MaastrichtThe Netherlands 3b’s Research Group I3Bs–Research Institute on BiomaterialsBiodegradables and BiomimeticsHeadquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative MedicineUniversity of MinhoAveParkZona Industrial da Gandra4805-017 BarcoGuimarãesPortugal ICVS/3b’s-PT Government Associate Laboratory 4806-909 Braga/GuimarãesPortugal POLYMAT University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU20018 Donostia/San SebastiánSpain IKERbASQUE Basque Foundation for Science48009 BilbaoSpain

Melt extrusion-based additive manufacturing(ME-AM)is a promising technique to fabricate porous scaffolds for tissue engi-neering ***,most synthetic semicrystalline polymers do not possess the intrinsic biological activity required to control cell *** of biomolecules on polymeric surfaces of AM scaffolds enhances the bioactivity of a construct;however,there are limited strategies available to control the surface ***,we report a strategy to tune the surface density of bioactive groups by blending a low molecular weight poly(ε-caprolactone)5k(PCL5k)containing orthogonally reactive azide groups with an unfunctionalized high molecular weight PCL75k at different *** porous three-dimensional(3D)scaf-folds were then fabricated using a high weight percentage(75 wt.%)of the low molecular weight PCL *** a proof-of-concept test,we prepared films of three different mass ratios of low and high molecular weight polymers with a thermopress and reacted with an alkynated fluorescent model compound on the surface,yielding a density of 201-561 pmol/cm^(2).Subsequently,a bone morphogenetic protein 2(bMP-2)-derived peptide was grafted onto the films comprising different blend compositions,and the effect of peptide surface density on the osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stromal cells(hMSCs)was *** two weeks of culturing in a basic medium,cells expressed higher levels of bMP receptor II(bMPRII)on films with the conjugated *** addition,we found that alkaline phosphatase activity was only significantly enhanced on films contain-ing the highest peptide density(i.e.,561 pmol/cm^(2)),indicating the importance of the surface *** together,these results emphasize that the density of surface peptides on cell differentiation must be considered at the cell-material ***,we have presented a viable strategy for ME-AM community that desires to tune the bulk and surface functionality via blending of(m

关键词： Additive manufacturing blending Surface functionalization Surface density Click chemistry Human

Quantum correlations and entanglement in coupled optomechanical resonators with photon hopping via Gaussian interferometric power analysis

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Chinese Physics b 2024年第5期33卷 204-211页

作者： Y.Lahlou b.Maroufi M.Daoud LPHE-MS Department of PhysicsFaculty of SciencesMohammed V UniversityRabatMorocco LPMS Department of PhysicsFaculty of SciencesIbn Tofail UniversityKénitraMorocco

Quantum correlations that surpass entanglement are of great importance in the realms of quantum information processing and quantum ***,for quantum systems prepared in pure states,it is difficult to differentiate between quantum entanglement and quantum ***,this indistinguishability is no longer holds for mixed *** contribute to a better understanding of this differentiation,we have explored a simple model for both generating and measuring these quantum *** study concerns two macroscopic mechanical resonators placed in separate Fabry–Pérot cavities,coupled through the photon hopping *** system offers a comprehensively way to investigate and quantify quantum correlations beyond entanglement between these mechanical *** key ingredient in analyzing quantum correlation in this system is the global covariance *** forms the basis for computing two essential metrics:the logarithmic negativity(E_(n)^(m))and the Gaussian interferometric power(P_(G)^(m)).These metrics provide the tools to measure the degree of quantum entanglement and quantum correlations,*** study reveals that the Gaussian interferometric power(P_(G)^(m))proves to be a more suitable metric for characterizing quantum correlations among the mechanical modes in an optomechanical quantum system,particularly in scenarios featuring resilient photon hopping.

关键词： quantum correlations entanglement Gaussian interferometric power logarithmic negativity optomechanics photon hopping

Storylines of family medicine Ⅱ:foundational building blocks—context,community and health

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2024年第S3期12卷 12-22页

作者： William b Ventres Leslie A Stone Rupal Shah Tamala Carter Geoffrey M Gusoff Winston Liaw bich-May nguyen Joanna V Rachelson mary Alice Scott Teresa L Schiff-Elfalan Seiji Yamada Robert C Like Kathleen Zoppi A Peter Catinella Richard M Frankel Shailendra Prasad Family and Preventive Medicine University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences College of MedicineLittle RockArkansasUSA bridge Lane Group Practice LondonUK Penn Center for Community Health Workers University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA national Clinician Scholars Program UCLA David Geffen School of MedicineLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA Health Systems and Population Health Sciences University of Houston Tilman J Fertitta Family College of MedicineHoustonTexasUSA Southern new Mexico Family Medicine Residency Program Las CrucesNew MexicoUSA new Mexico Primary Care Training Program Silver CityNew MexicoUSA Anthropology New Mexico State UniversityLas CrucesNew MexicoUSA Family Medicine and Community Health University of Hawai'i at Manoa John A Burns School of MedicineHonoluluHawaiiUSA Family Medicine and Community Health Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical SchoolNew BrunswickNew JerseyUSA Family Medicine Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA Family Medicine–Transmountain Texas Tech University Health Sciences CenterEl PasoTexasUSA Medicine Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA Family Medicine and Community Health University of Minnesota Medical School-Twin Cities CampusMinneapolisMinnesotaUSA

Storylines of Family Medicine is a 12-part series of thematically linked mini-essays with accompanying illustrations that explore the many dimensions of family medicine,as interpreted by individual family physicians and medical educators in the USA and elsewhere around the ***‘Ⅱ:foundational building blocks—context,community and health’,authors address the following themes:‘Context—grounding family medicine in time,place and being’,‘Recentring community’,‘Community-oriented primary care’,‘Embeddedness in practice’,‘The meaning of health’,‘Disease,illness and sickness—core concepts’,‘The biopsychosocial model’,‘The biopsychosocial approach’and‘Family medicine as social medicine.’May readers grasp new implications for medical education and practice in these essays.

关键词： thematic illustration dimensions

brassinosteroid biosynthesis and signaling:Conserved and diversified functions of core genes across multiple plant species

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Plant Communications 2024年第9期5卷 72-100页

作者： brian Zebosi Erik Vollbrecht norman b.best Department of Genetics Development and Cell BiologyIowa State UniversityAmesIA 50011USA Interdepartmental Genetics and Genomics Graduate Program Iowa State UniversityAmesIA 50011USA USDA-ARS Plant Genetics Research UnitColumbiaMO 65201USA

brassinosteroids(bRs)are important regulators that control myriad aspects of plant growth and development,including biotic and abiotic stress responses,such that modulating bR homeostasis and signaling presents abundant opportunities for plant breeding and crop *** and other proteins involved in the biosynthesis and signaling of bRs are well understood from molecular genetics and phenotypic analysis in Arabidopsis thaliana;however,knowledge of the molecular functions of these genes in other plant species,especially cereal crop plants,is *** this manuscript,we comprehensively review functional studies of bR genes in Arabidopsis,maize,rice,Setaria,brachypodium,and soybean to identify conserved and diversified functions across plant species and to highlight cases for which additional research is in *** performed phylogenetic analysis of gene families involved in the biosynthesis and signaling of bRs and re-analyzed publicly available transcriptomic *** trees coupled with expression data provide a valuable guide to supplement future research on bRs in these important crop species,enabling researchers to identify gene-editing targets for bR-related functional studies.

关键词： brassinosteroids maize rice Setaria soybean brachypodium Arabidopsis

Plant cell wall-mediated disease resistance:Current understanding and future perspectives

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Molecular Plant 2024年第5期17卷 699-724页

作者： Antonio Molina Lucıa Jorda Miguel Angel Torres Marina Martın-Dacal Diego Jose berlanga Patricia Fernandez-Calvo Elena Gomez-Rubio Sonsoles Martın-Santamarıa Centro de biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas Universidad Politécnica de Madrid(UPM)-Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria(INIA/CSIC)Campus de Montegancedo UPMPozuelo de Alarcon(Madrid)Spain Departamento de biotecnologıa-biología Vegetal Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenierıa AgronomicaAlimentarıa y de BiosistemasUPMMadridSpain Centro de Investigaciones biologicas Margarita Salas Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas(CSIC)Ramiro de Maeztu 928040 MadridSpain Misión biológica de Galicia Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas(CSIC)Campus de Montegancedo UPMPozuelo de Alarcón(Madrid)Spain

beyond their function as structural barriers,plant cell walls are essential elements for the adaptation of plants to environmental *** walls are dynamic structures whose composition and integrity can be altered in response to environmental challenges and developmental *** wall changes are perceived by plant sensors/receptors to trigger adaptative responses during development and upon stress *** cell wall damage caused by pathogen infection,wounding,or other stresses leads to the release of wall molecules,such as carbohydrates(glycans),that function as damage-associated molecular patterns(DAMPs).DAMPs are perceived by the extracellular ectodomains(ECDs)of pattern recognition receptors(PRRs)to activate pattern-triggered immunity(PTI)and disease ***,glycans released from the walls and extracellular layers of microorganisms interacting with plants are recognized as microbe-associated molecular patterns(MAMPs)by specific ECD-PRRs triggering PTI *** number of oligosaccharides DAMPs/MAMPs identified that are perceived by plants has increased in recent ***,the structural mechanisms underlying glycan recognition by plant PRRs remain ***,this knowledge is mainly focused on receptors of the LysM-PRR family,which are involved in the perception of various molecules,such as chitooligosaccharides from fungi and lipo-chitooligosaccharides(i.e.,nod/MYC factors from bacteria and mycorrhiza,respectively)that trigger differential physiological ***,additional families of plant PRRs have recently been implicated in oligosaccharide/polysaccharide *** include receptor kinases(RKs)with leucine-rich repeat and Malectin domains in their ECDs(LRR-MAL RKs),Catharanthus roseus RECEPTOR-LIKE KInASE 1-LIKE group(CrRLK1L)with Malectin-like domains in their ECDs,as well as wall-associated kinases,lectin-RKs,and *** characterization of structural basis of glycans recogniti

关键词： Arabidopsis thaliana cell wall damage-associated molecular patterns DAMPs disease resistance glycans oligosaccharides pattern-triggered immunity PTl pattern recognition receptor PRRs

Radiative capture of proton through the ^(14)n(p,γ)^(15)O reaction at low energy

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第4期48卷 183-192页

作者： b.F.Irgaziev Abdul Kabir Jameel-Un nabi national University of Uzbekistan Tashkent 100174Uzbekistan Space and Astrophysics Research lab National Centre of GIS and Space ApplicationsDepartment of Space ScienceInstitute of Space TechnologyIslamabad 44000Pakistan University of Wah Quaid AvenueWah Cantt 47040PunjabPakistan

The CnO cycle is the main source of energy in stars more massive than our *** process defines the energy production,the duration of which can be used to determine the lifetime of massive *** cycle is an important tool for determining the age of globular *** proton capture via p+^(14)n→^(15)O+γ,at energies of astrophysical interest,is an important process in the CnO *** this project,we apply a potential model to describe both non-resonant and resonant reactions in the channels where radiative capture occurs through electric E1 *** employed the R-matrix method to describe the ongoing reactions via M1 resonant transitions,when it was not possible to correctly reproduce the experimental data using the potential *** partial components of the astrophysical S-factor are calculated for all possible electric and magnetic dipole transitions in ^(15)*** linear extrapolated S-factor at zero energy(S(0))agrees well with earlier reported values for all transition types considered in this *** on the value of the total astrophysical S-factor,depending on the collision energy,we calculate the nuclear reaction rates for p+^(14)n→^(15)O+γ.The computed rates agree well with the results reported in the nACRE II Collaboration and most recent existing measurements.

关键词： CnO cycle potential model R-matrix method cross-section astrophysical S-factor nuclear rates.

Robust hybrid bismuth perovskites as potential photocatalysts for overall water splitting

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nano Research 2024年第5期17卷 4593-4601页

作者： Antonio J.Chacón-García Herme G.baldovi Artem A.babaryk Antonio Rodríguez-Diéguez Sergio navalón Yolanda Pérez Hermenegildo García Patricia Horcajada Advanced Porous Materials Unit IMDEA Energy InstituteAvda.Ramón y Cajal 328935 MóstolesMadridSpain Departamento de Química Universitat Politècnica de València46022 ValènciaSpain Departamento Química Inorgánica Universidad de Granada1807GranadaSpain Departamento de biología y Geología Física y Química Inorgánica.ESCET.Universidad Rey Juan Carlos28933 MóstolesMadridSpain Instituto de tecnología química CSIC-UPV Universitat Politècnica de València(UPV)46022Spain

Organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites have gained great attention as promising photocatalysts for hydrogen ***,due to their poor stability in water,the use of aqueous hydrohalic acid solutions is specifically required for an efficient hydrogen ***,three novel photoactive lead-free hybrid perovskites based on bismuth and triazolium cations(denoted as IEF-15,IEF-16,and IEF-17(IEF stands for IMDEA energy frameworks))were synthesized and fully characterized(structural,compositional,optical,etc.).Further,these solids were proposed as photocatalysts for the challenging gas phase overall water splitting(OWS)***,IEF-16 thin films exhibited a remarkable photocatalytic activity in both H_(2) and O_(2) evolution,as a consequence of its appropriate bandgap and energy-band alignment,achieving hydrogen evolution rates ofμmol·g_(H_(2))^(-)1846 and 360 after 24 h under ultraviolet-visible(UV-vis)irradiation or simulated solar irradiation,*** study additionally highlights the remarkable structural and photochemical stability of IEF-16 under different operational conditions(*** volume,irradiation and temperature),paving the way for green hydrogen production from OWS using perovskite-based photocatalysts.

关键词： bismuth-based hybrid perovskites thin films photocatalysis overall water splitting green hydrogen