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Myelinosome organelles in pathological retinas: ubiquitous presence and dual role in ocular proteostasis maintenance

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第5期18卷 1009-1016页

作者： marina G.Yefimova Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry Russian Academy of SciencesSt-PetersburgRussia Laboratoire STIM CNRS ERL 7003 Universitéde PoitiersPoitiersFrance

The timely and efficient elimination of aberrant proteins and damaged organelles, formed in response to various genetic and environmental stressors, is a vital need for all cells of the body. Recent lines of evidence point out several non-classical strategies employed by ocular tissues to cope with aberrant constituents generated in the retina and in the retinal pigmented epithelium cells exposed to various stressors. Along with conventional strategies relying upon the intracellular degradation of aberrant constituents through ubiquitin-proteasome and/or lysosome-dependent autophagy proteolysis, two non-conventional mechanisms also contribute to proteostasis maintenance in ocular tissues. An exosome-mediated clearing and a myelinosome-driven secretion mechanism do not require intracellular degradation but provide the export of aberrant constituents and “waste proteins” outside of the cells. The current review is centered on the non-degradative myelinosome-driven secretion mechanism, which operates in the retina of transgenic Huntington’s disease R6/1 model mice. Myelinosome-driven secretion is supported by rare organelles myelinosomes that are detected not only in degenerative Huntington’s disease R6/1 retina but also in various pathological states of the retina and of the retinal pigmented epithelium. The intra-retinal traffic and inter-cellular exchange of myelinosomes was discussed in the context of a dual role of the myelinosome-driven secretion mechanism for proteostasis maintenance in different ocular compartments. Special focus was made on the interplay between degradative and non-degradative strategies in ocular pathophysiology, to delineate potential therapeutic approaches to counteract several vision diseases.

关键词： autophagy Huntington’s disease Müller cells myelinosome-driven secretion myelinosomes ocular pathophysiology proteostasis retina retinal pigmented epithelium ubiquitin-proteasome system

The birth hour of mammals:insights from intra-specific variation in wild blue monkeys

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Current Zoology 2022年第5期68卷 499-506页

作者： marina Cords Emma Gometz Department of Ecology Evolution and Environmental BiologyColumbia UniversityNew YorkNY 10027USA New York Consortium in Evolutionary Primatology 695 Park AvenueNew YorkNY 10065USA

While most mammals show birth hour peaks at times of the 24-h cycle when they are less active,there are exceptions to this general *** exceptions have been little explored,but may clarify evolutionary reasons for the diel timing of *** investigated intraspecific variation in birth hour in wild blue monkeys Cercopithecus mitis stuhlmanni,a diurnal primate,to identify factors that differentiated daytime versus nighttime *** and life history data from 14 groups over 14 years revealed that 4%of 484 births occurred during the *** of daytime birth varied with mother’s age,peaking at 15.7 *** whose annual timing deviated most from the population’s peak birth months were 5 times more likely to occur during daytime than those that deviated *** was no evidence that mother’s rank or infant sex influenced birth hour,and mixed evidence that daytime births were more probable in larger *** did not differ significantly for infants born during the day versus ***-aged mothers may be able to handle the consequences of an unusual birth hour more successfully than mothers with less experience or those weakened by *** birth may be more advantageous in the off-season because nights are colder at that time of *** findings are consistent with hypotheses relating birth hour to the risk of losing social protection in group-living animals,but are not consistent with those emphasizing risk of conspecific *** of within-species variation can help in evaluating evolutionary hypotheses for non-random birth hour.

关键词： birth timing Cercopithecus mitis circadian pattern diel cycle guenon parturition

Microbiota of the gastrointestinal tract: Friend or foe?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第1期29卷 19-42页

作者： marina A Senchukova Department of Oncology Orenburg State Medical UniversityOrenburg 460000Russia

The gut microbiota is currently considered an external organ of the human body that provides important mechanisms of metabolic regulation and *** gut microbiota encodes over 3 million genes,which is approximately 150 times more than the total number of genes present in the human *** in the qualitative and quantitative composition of the microbiome lead to disruption in the synthesis of key bacterial metabolites,changes in intestinal barrier function,and inflammation and can cause the development of a wide variety of diseases,such as diabetes,obesity,gastrointestinal disorders,cardiovascular issues,neurological disorders and oncological *** this review,I consider issues related to the role of the microbiome in the regulation of intestinal barrier function,its influence on physiological and pathological processes occurring in the body,and potential new therapeutic strategies aimed at restoring the gut ***,it is important to understand that the gut microbiota and human body should be considered as a single biological system,where change of one element will inevitably affect its other ***,the study of the impact of the intestinal microbiota on health should be considered only taking into account numerous factors,the role of which has not yet been fully elucidated.

关键词： Gut microbiota Bacterial metabolites Intestinal barrier Dysbiosis Fecal microbiota transplantation Probiotics

Genetic heterogeneity of colorectal cancer and the microbiome

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2023年第3期15卷 443-463页

作者： marina A Senchukova Department of Oncology Orenburg State Medical UniversityOrenburg 460000Russia

In 2020,the International Agency for Research on Cancer and the World Health Organization's GLOBOCAN database ranked colorectal cancer(CRC)as the third most common cancer in the *** cases of CRC(>95%)are sporadic and develop from colorectal polyps that can progress to intramucosal carcinoma and *** evidence is accumulating that the gut microbiota can play a key role in the initiation and progression of CRC,as well as in the treatment of CRC,acting as an important metabolic and immunological *** that may determine the microbiota role in CRC carcinogenesis include inflammation,changes in intestinal stem cell function,impact of bacterial metabolites on gut mucosa,accumulation of genetic mutations and other *** this review,I discuss the major mechanisms of the development of sporadic CRC,provide detailed characteristics of the bacteria that are most often associated with CRC,and analyze the role of the microbiome and microbial metabolites in inflammation initiation,activation of proliferative activity in intestinal epithelial and stem cells,and the development of genetic and epigenetic changes in CRC.I consider longterm studies in this direction to be very important,as they open up new opportunities for the treatment and prevention of CRC.

关键词： Gut microbiota Bacterial metabolites Colorectal cancer Colorectal polyp Stem cells Epigenetic changes

CMT1A current gene therapy approaches and promising biomarkers

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第7期18卷 1434-1440页

作者： marina Stavrou Kleopas AKleopa Neuroscience Department The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and GeneticsNicosiaCyprus Center for Neuromuscular Disorders The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and GeneticsNicosiaCyprus

Charcot-Marie-Tooth neuropathies(CMT)constitute a group of common but highly heterogeneous,non-syndromic genetic disorders affecting predominantly the peripheral nervous *** type 1A(CMT1A)is the most frequent type and accounts for almost~50%of all diagnosed CMT ***1A results from the duplication of the peripheral myelin protein 22(PMP22)*** of PMP22 protein overloads the protein folding apparatus in Schwann cells and activates the unfolded protein *** leads to Schwann cell apoptosis,dys-and de-myelination and secondary axonal degeneration,ultimately causing neurological *** the last decades,several different gene therapies have been developed to treat *** all of them remain at the pre-clinical stage using CMT1A animal models overexpressing *** therapeutic goal is to achieve gene silencing,directly or indirectly,thereby reversing the CMT1A genetic mechanism allowing the recovery of myelination and prevention of axonal *** promising treatments are rapidly emerging,treatment-responsive and clinically relevant biomarkers are becoming *** biomarkers and sensitive clinical evaluation tools will facilitate the design and successful completion of future clinical trials for CMT1A.

关键词： axonal degeneration biomarkers Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease gene therapy inherited neuropathy mouse models

Risk factors for blood transfusion and its prognostic implications in curative gastrectomy for gastric cancer

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2023年第4期15卷 643-654页

作者： Lucas Eiki Kawakami Pedro Barzan Bonomi marina Alessandra Pereira Fabrício Oliveira Carvalho Ulysses ribeiro Jr Bruno Zilberstein Luciana ribeiro Sampaio Luiz Augusto Carneiro-D'Albuquerque Marcus Fernando Kodama Pertille Ramos Department of Gastroenterology Instituto do CancerHospital das Clinicas HCFMUSPFaculdade de MedicinaUniversidade de Sao PauloSao Paulo 01249000Brazil Blood Transfusion Unit Instituto do CancerHospital das Clinicas HCFMUSPFaculdade de MedicinaUniversidade de Sao PauloSao Paulo 01249000Brazil

BACKGROUND Gastric cancer(GC)is still a prevalent neoplasm around the world and its main treatment modality is surgical *** need for perioperative blood transfusions is frequent,and there is a long-lasting debate regarding its impact on *** To evaluate the factors related to the risk of receiving red blood cell(RBC)transfusion and its influence on surgical and survival outcomes of patients with *** Patients who underwent curative resection for primary gastric adenocarcinoma at our Institute between 2009 and 2021 were retrospectively *** and surgical characteristics data were *** patients were divided into transfusion and non-transfusion groups for *** A total of 718 patients were included,and 189(26.3%)patients received perioperative RBC transfusion(23 intraoperatively,133 postoperatively,and 33 in both periods).Patients in the RBC transfusions group were older(P<0.001),and had morecomorbidities(P=0.014),American Society of Anesthesiologists classification III/IV(P<0.001),and lower preoperative hemoglobin(P<0.001)and albumin levels(P<0.001).Larger tumors(P<0.001)and advanced tumor node metastasis stage(P<0.001)were also associated with the RBCtransfusion *** rates of postoperative complications(POC)and 30-d and 90-d mortalitywere significantly higher in the RBC transfusion group than in the non-transfusion *** and albumin levels,total gastrectomy,open surgery,and the occurrence of POC werefactors associated with the RBC *** analysis demonstrated that the RBCtransfusions group had worse disease-free survival(DFS)and overall survival(OS)compared withpatients who did not receive transfusion(P<0.001 for both).In multivariate analysis,RBCtransfusion,major POC,pT3/T4 category,pN+,D1 lymphadenectomy,and total gastrectomywere independent risk factors related to worse DFS and *** RBC transfusion is associated with worse clinical condition

关键词： Stomach neoplasms Blood transfusion Red blood cells Postoperative complications Survival Prognosis

Preoperative albumin-bilirubin score is a prognostic factor for gastric cancer patients after curative gastrectomy

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2023年第6期15卷 1125-1137页

作者： Daniel Jose Szor marina Alessandra Pereira Marcus Fernando Kodama Pertille Ramos Francisco Tustumi Andre Roncon Dias Bruno Zilberstein Ulysses ribeiro Jr Department of Gastroenterology Instituto do CancerHospital das Clinicas HCFMUSPFaculdade de MedicinaUniversidade de Sao PauloSao Paulo 01246000Brazil

BACKGROUND Albumin-bilirubin(ALBI)score is an indicator of liver dysfunction and is useful for predicting prognosis of hepatocellular ***,this liver function index has been used to predict prognosis in other ***,the significance of ALBI score in gastric cancer(GC)after radical resection has not been *** To evaluate the prognostic value of the preoperative ALBI status in patients with GC who received curative *** Patients with GC who underwent curative intended gastrectomy were retrospectively evaluated from our prospective *** score was calculated as follows:(log10 bilirubin×0.660)+(albumin×-0.085).The receiver operating characteristic curve with area under the curve(AUC)was plotted to evaluate the ability of ALBI score in predicting recurrence or *** optimal cutoff value was determined by maximizing Youden’s index,and patients were divided into low and high-ALBI *** Kaplan-Meier curve was used to analyze the survival,and the log-rank test was used for comparison between *** A total of 361 patients(235 males)were *** median ALBI value for the entire cohort was-2.89(IQR-3.13;-2.59).The AUC for ALBI score was 0.617(95%CI:0.556-0.673,P<0.001),and the cutoff value ***,211(58.4%)patients were classified as low-ALBI group and 150(41.6%)as high-ALBI *** age(P=0.005),lower hemoglobin level(P<0.001),American Society of Anesthesiologists classification III/IV(P=0.001),and D1 lymphadenectomy P=0.003)were more frequent in the high-ALBI *** was no difference between both groups in terms of Lauren histological type,depth of tumor invasion(pT),presence of lymph node metastasis(pN),and pathologic(pTNM)*** postoperative complication,and mortality at 30 and 90 days were higher in the high-ALBI *** the survival analysis,the high-ALBI group had worse disease-free survival(DFS)and overall survival(OS)compared to those with low-ALBI(P<0.001).

关键词： Stomach neoplasms Adenocarcinoma Albumin-bilirubin Biomarker Prognosis Survival

跨媒介表征:论亚历山大·格林小说中的文学图像

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广东开放大学学报 2024年第2期33卷 64-69页

作者：布哈罗娃·玛丽娜天津师范大学天津300382

俄国白银时代重要作家亚历山大·格林在其小说中擅用绘画元素呈现浪漫主义的艺术审美,绘画成为小说文本的媒介呈现。拥有良好艺术功底的格林惯常以绘画作为介质实现小说文本的艺术追求,通过“文学图像”的活现,格林小说中语像和图像“... 详细信息

俄国白银时代重要作家亚历山大·格林在其小说中擅用绘画元素呈现浪漫主义的艺术审美,绘画成为小说文本的媒介呈现。拥有良好艺术功底的格林惯常以绘画作为介质实现小说文本的艺术追求,通过“文学图像”的活现,格林小说中语像和图像“以图言说”“语图互仿”与“语图互文”的动态关系呈现,使得小说人物塑造得更为丰满,推动了小说情节叙事,打通了文本空间与现实空间的桎梏,促使人们通过观赏感受到艺术再现以及艺术与现实之间的融合。亚历山大·格林以绘画植入小说文本,实现了跨媒介、跨文本的融合,从而形成了其创作的独特性。

关键词：亚历山大·格林文学图像绘画框架艺术再现

Measurements of Laminar Burning Velocities of Alternative Fuels:Application in Transport and Aerospace

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Journal of Thermal Science 2023年第2期32卷 503-512页

作者： RICHTER Sandra BRAUN-UNKHOFF marina NAUMANN Clemens German Aerospace Center(DLR) Institute of Combustion TechnologyDepartment of Chemical Kinetics and AnalyticsStuttgart 70569Germany

The laminar burning velocity belongs to the fundamental combustion properties of fuels being a measure for their heat release,flame length,as well as reactivity and combustion stability,and thus,may impact the design of burners and combustion ***,these experimental data are needed for the validation and optimization within the construction and development of detailed chemical kinetic reaction *** this study,an overview of the different applications of fuel characterization regarding the specific area of interest(road transport,aviation,and aerospace)will be *** on the application,effects of different molecular characteristics on the laminar burning velocity are evaluated:the presence of oxygen atoms and the grade of branching in a specific fuel molecule as well as the difference in the type of a chemical bond,here,single and double *** of alternative fuels being discussed in the present study are:(Ⅰ)oxymethylene ether(OMEn)in the field of road transport;(Ⅱ)a paraffinic Alcohol-to-Jet fuel as sustainable aviation fuel;and(Ⅲ)mixtures of ethane or ethene with nitrous oxide as green propellants for rocket propulsion applications.

关键词： laminar burning velocity alternative sustainable fuels road transport aviation fuels green propellants