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Preliminary Optimization and Kinetics of SnCl_(2)-HCl Catalyzed Hydrothermal Conversion of microcrystalline Cellulose to Levulinic Acid

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Journal of Renewable materials 2021年第1期9卷 145-162页

作者： Dexby de Guzman Rizalinda de leon Fuels Energy and Thermal Systems LaboratoryDepartment of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of the PhilippinesQuezon City1101Philippines

Levulinic acid(LA)is a platform biorefinery chemical from biomass which can be converted to green solvents,plasticizers,polymer precursors,biobased cleaning agents,fuels and fuel *** study assessed the potential of SnCl_(2)-based mixed acid systems as catalyst in the hydrothermal conversion of microcrystalline cellulose to levulinic *** LAyield of 36.2 mol%was achieved using 0.2 m SnCl_(2) concentration at test conditions of 3 h,180℃ and 1%w/v cellulose *** reduce precipitate formation and further improve LA yield,the strategy employed was to combine SnCl_(2)(a Lewis acid)with conventional mineral acids(Bronsted acids).Evaluation of the catalytic performance of SnCl_(2)-HCl,SnCl_(2)-H_(2)SO_(4),SnCl_(2)-HNO_(3),and SnCl_(2)-H_(3)PO_(4)(1:1 molar ratio,0.2 m total acid concentration)were done with highest LA yield of 47.0 mol%obtained using the SnCl_(2)-HCl system at same test *** surface methodology optimization employing Box-Behnken design generated a quadratic model with a high coefficient of determination(r2)of 0.964.A maximum LA yield of 63.5 mol%can be achieved at 0.17 m catalyst concentration,198℃,and 5.15 h reaction *** constants were estimated using nonlinear regression,while activation energies were determined using Arrhenius *** hydrolysis was determined to be the rate-limiting step in the overall *** activation energy of 63.3 kJ/mol for glucose dehydration to hydroxymethylfurfural supports the action of SnCl_(2) as Lewis acid in the mixed-acid *** yield simulations for plug flow reactor(PFR)and continuous stirred tank reactor(CSTR)were done suggesting a similar PFR-CSTR configuration with the established Biofine ***,a reaction scheme was presented to explain the synergy between SnCl_(2) and HCl in LA production from cellulose.

关键词： Levulinic acid tin(II)chloride cellulose optimization kinetics

Identifying candidate hosts for quantum defects via data mining

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npj Computational materials 2020年第1期6卷 595-600页

作者： Austin m.Ferrenti Nathalie Pde leon Jeff D.Thompson Robert J.Cava Department of Chemistry Princeton UniversityPrincetonNJ 08544USA Department of Electrical Engineering Princeton UniversityPrincetonNJ 08544USA

Atom-like defects in solid-state hosts are promising candidates for the development of quantum information systems,but despite their importance,the host substrate/defect combinations currently under study have almost exclusively been found *** we systematically evaluate the suitability of host materials by applying a combined four-stage data mining and manual screening process to all entries in the materials Project database,with literature-based experimental confirmation of band gap values.

关键词： quantum applying suitability

Design and realization of lung organoid cultures for COVID-19 applications

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Bio-Design and manufacturing 2023年第6期6卷 646-660页

作者： Bing Ren Tryanni R.Chiaravalloti Nadine L.Belony Diana I.Romero Wenxuan Chai Christopher leon Lizi Wu Nazarius S.Lamango Ite A.Offringa Yong Huang Department of mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32611USA Department of Biomedical Engineering University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32611USA College of Pharmacy University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32611USA Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center Keck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90089USA Department of molecular Genetics and microbiology University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32611USA College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Florida A&M UniversityTallahasseeFL 32307USA

Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2,has spread globally and threatens public *** in vitro models that recapitulate the architecture and functioning of specific tissues and organs are in high demand for COVID-19-related pathology studies and drug *** three-dimensional in vitro cultures,such as self-assembled and engineered organoid cultures,surpass conventional two-dimensional cultures and animal models with respect to increased cellular complexity,an environment more relevant to humans,and reduced cost,they are promising platforms for understanding viral pathogenesis and developing new *** review highlights the recent advances in self-assembled and engineered organoid technologies that are used for COVID-19 *** challenges and future perspectives are also discussed.

关键词： Lung organoid COVID-19 Self-assembled organoid Engineered organoid

Hepatic hemangioma:What internists need to know

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第1期26卷 11-20页

作者： m.nica leon Luis Chavez Salim Surani Centro medico ABC Ciudad de MexicoCDMX 01120Mexico Department of Internal medicine Texas Tech University Health Sciences CenterEl PasoTX 79905United States Texas A&m University Corpus ChristiTX 78405United States

Hepatic hemangioma(HH)is the most common benign liver tumor and it is usually found incidentally during radiological *** tumor arises from a vascular malformation;however,the pathophysiology has not been clearly *** usually correlate with the size and location of the *** commonly the presence of a large HH may cause life-threatening *** diagnosis can be established by the identification of HH hallmarks in several imaging *** patients that present with abdominal symptoms other etiologies should be excluded first before attributing HH as the *** asymptomatic patient’s treatment is not required and follow up is usually reserved for HH of more than 5 *** patients can be managed surgically or with other non-surgical modalities such as transcatheter arterial embolization or radiofrequency *** surgery has shown to have fewer complications as compared to hepatectomy or other surgical *** of the tumor is seen in less than 40%.Hormone stimulation may play a role in HH growth;however,there are no contraindications for hormonal therapy in patients with HH due to the lack of concrete *** clinicians encounter this condition,they should discern between observation and surgical or non-surgical management based on the clinical presentation.

关键词： Hepatic hemangioma Liver masses Liver Vascular lesion

Performance and calibration of quark/gluon-jet taggers using 140 fb^(-1) of pp collisions at √s=13 TeV with the ATLAS detector

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第2期48卷 1-25页

作者： G. Aad B. Abbott K. Abeling N.J. Abicht S.H. Abidi A. Aboulhorma H. Abramowicz H. Abreu Y. Abulaiti B.S. Acharya C. Adam Bourdarios L. Adamczyk S.V. Addepalli m.J. Addison J. Adelman A. Adiguzel T. Adye A.A. Affolder Y. Afik m.N. Agaras J. Agarwala A. Aggarwal C. Agheorghiesei A. Ahmad F. Ahmadov W.S. Ahmed S. Ahuja X. Ai G. Aielli A. Aikot m. Ait Tamlihat B. Aitbenchikh I. Aizenberg m. Akbiyik T.P.A. Åkesson A.V. Akimov D. Akiyama N.N. Akolkar K. Al Khoury G.L. Alberghi J. Albert P. Albicocco G.L. Albouy S. Alderweireldt m. Aleksa I.N. Aleksandrov C. Alexa T. Alexopoulos F. Alfonsi m. Algren m. Alhroob B. Ali H.m.J. Ali S. Ali S.W. Alibocus m. Aliev G. Alimonti W. Alkakhi C. Allaire B.m.m. Allbrooke J.F. Allen C.A. Allendes Flores P.P. Allport A. Aloisio F. Alonso C. Alpigiani m. Alvarez Estevez A. Alvarez Fernandez m. Alves Cardoso m.G. Alviggi m. Aly Y. Amaral Coutinho A. Ambler C. Amelung m. Amerl C.G. Ames D. Amidei S.P. Amor Dos Santos K.R. Amos V. Ananiev C. Anastopoulos T. Andeen J.K. Anders S.Y. Andrean A. Andreazza S. Angelidakis A. Angerami A.V. Anisenkov A. Annovi C. Antel m.T. Anthony E. Antipov m. Antonelli F. Anulli m. Aoki T. Aoki J.A. Aparisi Pozo m.A. Aparo L. Aperio Bella C. Appelt A. Apyan N. Aranzabal S.J. Arbiol Val C. Arcangeletti A.T.H. Arce E. Arena J-F. Arguin S. Argyropoulos J.-H. Arling O. Arnaez H. Arnold G. Artoni H. Asada K. Asai S. Asai N.A. Asbah J. Assahsah K. Assamagan R. Astalos S. Atashi R.J. Atkin m. Atkinson H. Atmani P.A. Atmasiddha K. Augsten S. Auricchio A.D. Auriol V.A. Austrup G. Avolio K. Axiotis G. Azuelos D. Babal H. Bachacou K. Bachas A. Bachiu F. Backman A. Badea P. Bagnaia m. Bahmani A.J. Bailey V.R. Bailey J.T. Baines L. Baines O.K. Baker E. Bakos D. Bakshi Gupta V. Balakrishnan R. Balasubramanian E.m. Baldin P. Balek E. Ballabene F. Balli L.m. Baltes W.K. Balunas J. Balz E. Banas m. Bandieramonte A. Bandyopadhyay S. Bansal L. Barak m. Barakat E.L. Barberio D. Barberis m. Barbero m.Z. Barel K.N. Barends T. Barillari m-S. Barisits T. Barklow P. Baron D.A. Baron mo The ATLAS Collaboration

The identification of jets originating from quarks and gluons,often referred to as quark/gluon tagging,plays an important role in various analyses performed at the Large Hadron Collider,as Standard model measurements and searches for new particles decaying to quarks often rely on suppressing a large gluon-induced *** paper describes the measurement of the efficiencies of quark/gluon taggers developed within the ATLAS Collaboration,using √s=13 TeV proton–proton collision data with an integrated luminosity of 140 fb^(-1) collected by the ATLAS *** taggers with high performances in rejecting jets from gluon over jets from quarks are studied:one tagger is based on requirements on the number of inner-detector tracks associated with the jet,and the other combines several jet substructure observables using a boosted decision tree.A method is established to determine the quark/gluon fraction in data,by using quark/gluon-enriched subsamples defined by the jet *** in tagging efficiency between data and simulation are provided for jets with transverse momentum between 500 GeV and 2 TeV and for multiple tagger working points.

关键词： ATLAS JET QUARK GLUON TAGGING

Converter-Based Reconfigurable Real-Time Electrical System Emulation Platform

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Chinese Journal of Electrical Engineering 2018年第1期4卷 20-27页

作者： Yiwei ma Jingxin Wang Fred Wang leon m.Tolbert CURENT The University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak RidgeTN 37831USA

A Hardware Testbed(HTB)is developed for accurate and flexible emulation and testing of electrical power system and their control,measurement,and protection *** the HTB,modular and programmable power electronics converters are used to mimic the static and dynamic characteristics of electrical power *** paper overviews the development,integration,and application of the HTB,covering emulation principle,hardware and software configuration,and example results of power system research using the *** advantages of the HTB,compared with real-time digital simulation and downscaled hardware-based testing platform are discussed.

关键词： Emulation modeling real-time simulation

Prospective evaluation of health status, quality of life and clinical outcomes following implantable defibrillator generator exchange

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2021年第9期18卷 720-727页

作者： Faisal m merchant John Larson leon Darghosian Paige Smith Soroosh Kiani Stacy Westerman Anand D.Shah David S.Hirsh michael S.Lloyd Angel R.leon mikhael F.El-Chami Section of Cardiac Electrophysiology Emory University School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA Department of medicine University of Michigan School of MedicineAnn ArborMIUSA Grady Health System AtlantaGAUSA

BACKGROUND Little is known about health status and quality of life(QoL)after implantable cardioverter-defibrillator(ICD)generator exchange(GE).mETHODS We prospectively followed patients undergoing first-time ICD *** assessments of health status were performed by administering the 36-Item Short Form Survey(SF-36).RESULTS mean age was 67.5±14.3 years,left ventricle ejection fraction(LVEF)was 36.5%±15.0%and over 40%of the cohort had improved LVEF to>35%at the time of ***-36 scores were significantly worse in physical/general health domains compared to domains of emotional/social well-being(Pmparison).Physical health scores were significantly worse among those with medical comorbidities including diabetes,chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and atrial *** follow-up was 1.6±0.5 years after *** SF-36 scores remained stable across all domains during *** at 3 years post-GE was estimated at 80%.Five patients died during follow-up and most deaths were adjudicated as non-arrhythmic in *** patients experienced appropriate ICD shocks after GE,three of whom had LVEF which remains impaired LVEF(i.e.,me of *** Patients undergoing ICD GE have significantly worse physical health compared to emotional/social well-being,which is associated with the presence of medical *** terms of clinical outcomes,the incidence of appropriate shocks after GE among those with improvement in LVEF is very low,and most deaths post-procedure appear to be non-arrhythmic in *** data represent an attempt to more fully characterize the spectrum of QoL and clinical outcomes after GE.

关键词： ICD quality of life and clinical outcomes following implantable defibrillator generator exchange Prospective evaluation of health status

Passive wireless smart-skin sensor using RFID-based folded patch antennas

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International Journal of Smart and Nano materials 2011年第1期2卷 22-38页

作者： Xiaohua Yi Terence Wu Yang Wang Roberto T.leon manos m.Tentzeris Gabriel Lantz School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA30332USA School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA 30332USA

Folded patch antennas were investigated for the development of low-cost and wireless smart-skin sensors that monitor the strain in metallic *** the patch antenna is under strain/deformation,its resonance frequency varies *** variation can be easily interrogated and recorded by a wireless *** patch antenna adopts a specially chosen substrate material with low dielectric attenuation,as well as an inexpensive off-the-shelf radiofrequency identification(RFID)chip for signal *** the RFID chip harvests electromagnetic power from the interrogation signal emitted by the reader,the patch antenna itself does not require other(internal)power sources and,thus,serves as a battery-less(passive)and wireless strain *** this preliminary investigation,a prototype folded patch antenna has been designed and *** testing results show strong linearity between the interrogated resonance frequency and the strain experienced by the *** experiments,the strain sensing resolution is demonstrated to be under 50με,and the wireless interrogation distance is shown to be over a few feet for this preliminary prototype.

关键词： passive wireless sensor folded patch antenna strain sensor smart skin RFID

Abdominal compartment syndrome among surgical patients

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2021年第4期13卷 330-339页

作者： m.nica leon Luis Chavez Salim Surani Department of medicine Centro Medico ABCCiudad de Mexico 01120Mexico Department of medicine University of TexasEl PasoTX 79905United States Department of medicine Texas A&M UniversityCorpus ChristiTX 78405United States

Abdominal compartment syndrome(ACS)develops when organ failure arises secondary to an increase in intraabdominal *** abdominal pressure is determined by multiple factors such as blood pressure,abdominal compliance,and other factors that exert a constant pressure within the abdominal *** conditions in the critically ill may increase abdominal pressure compromising organ perfusion that may lead to renal and respiratory *** surgical and trauma patients,aggressive fluid resuscitation is the most commonly reported risk factor to develop *** conditions that have also been identified as risk factors are ascites,hemoperitoneum,bowel distention,and large *** patients with abdominal trauma possess a higher risk of developing intra-abdominal hypertension(IAH).Certain surgical interventions are reported to have a higher risk to develop IAH such as damage control surgery,abdominal aortic aneurysm repair,and liver transplantation among *** monitoring of organ function and intra-abdominal pressure(IAP)allows clinicians to diagnose ACS rapidly and intervene with target-specific management to reduce *** decompression followed by temporary abdominal closure should be considered in all patients with signs of organ *** is still a great need for more studies to determine the adequate timing for interventions to improve patient outcomes.

关键词： Intra-abdominal hypertension Abdominal compartment syndrome Intraabdominal pressure Open abdomen treatment multiple organ failure Surgical decompression