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Characterization of coal using electron spin resonance： implications for the formation of inertinite macerals in the Witbank Coalfield, South Africa

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2018年第3期5卷 385-398页

作者： Ofentse m. moroeng Jonathan m. Keartland R. James Roberts Nicola J. Wagner Department of Geology University of JohannesburgP.O. Box 524 Auckland Park 2006 South Africa Department of Geology University of Pretoria Mineral Sciences Building Pretoria 0002 South Africa School of Physics and materials Physics Institute University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg 2050 South Africa

Coal contains a significant concentration of free radicals as a result of the coalification process. One of the experimental methods sensitive to the presence of radicals is electron spin resonance （ESR）, and differences in ESR spectra for different macerals may provide insight into coal-forming processes. In this study, ESR data along with the H/C atomic ratio （to infer the aromatic fraction） are used to characterize coal samples with the aim of assessing a fire-origin for dominant inertinite macerals. A medium rank C bituminous Witbank No. 4 Seam Upper coal （the parent） was density- fractionated to create vitrinite-rich and inertinite-rich samples. The parent sample consists of 42 vol% vitrinite and 49 vol% inertinite. The density-fractionated samples comprise of 81 vol% total vitrinite （dominated by collotelinite and collodetrinite）, and 63 vol% total inertinite （dominated by fusinite, semifusinite, and inertodetrinite）. The H/C ratio is 0.74 for the inertinite-rich sample, and 0.85 for the vitrinite-rich counterpart, suggesting the former sample is more aromatic. The ESR spectra obtained for the three samples were found to fit best using a Lorentzian distribution. The fit is noticeably better for the aromatic inertinite-rich sample, for which the spectrum is symmetric. This is attributed to pronounced electron mobility and exchange interactions. The higher radical content of the inertinite-rich and parent samples is attributed to the presence of specific inertinite macerals, namely： fusinite, semifusinite, and inertodetrinite. And, owing to the greater radical content of the inertinite-rich sample, the dominant inertinite macerals are interpreted to have formed through charring of plant matter.

关键词： main Karoo Basin Radical contents Origin pathways Charring Fusinite Semifusinite

Failure of a T cell regulator: CD6 contributes to the aggravation of autoimmune inflammation

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Cellular & molecular Immunology 2019年第9期16卷 733-734页

作者： Anja meyer David m.Kofler Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology Department I of Internal MedicineUniversity of CologneCologne 50937Germany

The scavenger-like lymphocyte receptor CD6 is a regulator of T cell functions,and is associated with autoimmune ***,the specific contribution of CD6 to autoimmunity remains *** physiological conditions,CD6 associates with the T cell antigen receptor(TCR)/CD3 complex at the center of the immunological synapse and regulates T cell responses through activation-dependent recruitment of the positive regulator SLP-76 and other downstream signaling effectors.1,2 In recent years,immune-activating and immune-inhibiting functions of CD6 have been reported,indicating a dual role of CD6 in T cell activation.1 It has been postulated that the strength of TCR activation determines whether CD6 enhances or inhibits TCR signaling.1 This possible counter-regulatory role of CD6 may contribute to the control of T cell responses.

关键词： autoimmune inflammation CD6

Land tenure and landscape change:a comparison of public-private lands in the southern High Plains

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Ecological Processes 2016年第1期5卷 139-152页

作者： Todd D.Fagin Jacqueline m.Vadjunec Nicole m.Colston Kathyrn Wenger Amy Graham Oklahoma Biological Survey University of Oklahoma111 E.Chesapeake StNorman 73019OKUSA Department of Geography Oklahoma State University337 Murray HallStillwater 74078OKUSA

Introduction:Long-term drought in the southern Great Plains increases the vulnerability of coupled human-environment systems at a variety of *** better understandings of the dynamics at regional scales will become increasingly important as long-established land-use regimes break down in the face of climate change,resource depletion,and evolving *** demonstrate differential vulnerability during drought periods,this study hypothesized that observed increases in woody vegetation in grasslands would vary across land-tenure *** argue that differences in State Trust Land governance,in part,lead to differential land management practices that contribute to landscape ***:The study area encompasses adjacent counties,Cimarron County in Oklahoma and Union County in New mexico,with similar climate variability and agricultural *** analyzed National Land Cover Database(NLCD)land-cover maps from 1992 and 2011 to assess changes in landscape composition and structure between 1992 and ***:During both years under consideration,each county in the study region,across various land-tenure regimes,was dominated by herbaceous ***,there were changes in both composition and structure across the whole study area,in particular losses of herbaceous vegetation and increases in woody *** greatest gains in woody vegetation occurred in State Trust Lands of Cimarron ***,the data suggest a fragmentation of herbaceous vegetation and a coalescing of shrubland ***:Research about the influence of land tenure on land management decisions,specifically the role of State Trust Land leases in overgrazing,informs the broader context of drought management in the southern Great *** include continued research to highlight the specific mechanisms of land-tenure governance that drive landscape change.

关键词： Drought Land tenure Agriculture Landscape composition Landscape structure Southern Great Plains Grasslands Socio-ecological vulnerability National Land Cover Database(NLCD)

Forecasting Energy Consumption Using a Novel Hybrid Dipper Throated Optimization and Stochastic Fractal Search Algorithm

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Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2023年第8期37卷 2117-2132页

作者： Doaa Sami Khafaga El-Sayed m.El-kenawy Amel Ali Alhussan marwa m.Eid Department of Computer Sciences College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.Box 84428Riyadh11671Saudi Arabia Department of Communications and Electronics Delta Higher Institute of Engineering and TechnologyMansoura35111Egypt Faculty of Artificial Intelligence Delta University for Science and TechnologyMansouraEgypt

The accurate prediction of energy consumption has effective role in decision making and risk management for individuals and ***,the accurate prediction can be realized using the recent advances in machine learning and predictive *** research proposes a novel approach for energy consumption forecasting based on a new optimization algorithm and a new forecasting model consisting of a set of long short-term memory(LSTm)*** proposed optimization algorithm is used to optimize the parameters of the LSTm-based model to boost its forecasting *** optimization algorithm is based on the recently emerged dipper-throated optimization(DTO)and stochastic fractal search(SFS)algo-rithm and is referred to as dynamic *** prove the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed approach,five standard benchmark algorithms,namely,stochastic fractal search(SFS),dipper throated optimization(DTO),whale optimization algorithm(WOA),particle swarm optimization(PSO),and grey wolf optimization(GWO),are used to optimize the parameters of the LSTm-based model,and the results are compared with that of the proposed *** results show that the proposed DDTOSFS+LSTm can accurately forecast the energy consumption with root mean square error RmSE of 0.00013,which is the best among the recorded results of the other *** addition,statistical experiments are conducted to prove the statistical difference of the proposed *** results of these tests confirmed the expected outcomes.

关键词： Stochastic fractal search dipper throated optimization energy consumption long short-term memory prediction models

Controversies in therapeutic application of mesenchymal stem cell-derived secretome

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BIOCELL 2022年第4期46卷 903-906页

作者： FERENC SIPOS GYÖRGYI mŰZES Department of Internal medicine and Hematology Semmelweis UniversityBudapest1088Hungary

Though mesenchymal stem cells(mSCs)are considered as an important pillar of regenerative medicine,their regenerative potential has been shown to be limited in several pathological *** adverse properties of mSCbased cell therapy have drawn attention to the therapeutic use of mSC-derived ***,mSC-originated exosomes and microvesicles can also possess a significant impact on disease development,including *** interchanging secretome,mSCs can interact with tumor cells and promote mutual exchange/induction of cellular *** addition,enzymes secreted into and activated within exosomes can result in the acquisition of new tumor cell ***,therapeutic applications of mSC-derived secretome require much caution.

关键词： mesenchymal stem cells Secretome Exosomes Cancer

Galectin-3 mediated risk of inflammation in stable schizophrenia,with only possible secondary consequences for cognition

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2022年第9期12卷 1183-1193页

作者： Slavica minic Janicijevic Ivan P Jovanovic Nevena m Gajovic milena m Jurisevic monojit Debnath Nebojsa N Arsenijevic milica m Borovcanin University of Kragujevac Faculty of Medical SciencesKragujevac 34000Serbia Center for molecular medicine and Stem Cell Research Faculty of Medical SciencesUniversity of KragujevacKragujevac 34000Serbia Department of Pharmacy Faculty of Medical SciencesUniversity of KragujevacKragujevac 34000Serbia Department of Human Genetics National Institute of Mental Health and NeurosciencesBangalore 560029India Department of Psychiatry Faculty of Medical SciencesUniversity of KragujevacKragujevac 34000Serbia

BACKGROUND Evidence suggests that cytokines cause immune disturbances,shape immunological sequelae later in life,and modulate the risk of schizophrenia(SC).Galectin-3(Gal-3),a multifaceted molecule of the glycan family,is involved in the formation of the immunological synapse and modulates the signalling pathway and effector functions of T lymphocytes,which are major producers of *** have previously reported elevated serum Gal-3 levels in stable SC ***,Gal-3 as a link between cognitive functioning and inflammation has not yet been investigated in *** To investigate the relationship between serum Gal-3 levels and cognitive performance,serum cytokines,and white blood cell count in three-month stably treated SC *** Twenty-seven patients with SC in remission and 18 healthy volunteers participated in this casecontrol and correlational *** assessment was performed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale and the montreal-Cognitive *** results of previously measured serum levels of Gal-3,interleukin(IL)-33,soluble suppression of tumorigenicity 2(sST2),tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α),IL-6 and IL-17 were used for further statistical analyses,and IL-4,IL-23,IL-1βand transforming growth factor-beta(TGF-β)were now additionally measured with a sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent *** number of leukocytes in the blood and the percentage of neutrophils,lymphocytes,and monocytes were determined with a standardized routine measurement procedure(Sysmex Technology).Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 20.0 *** We found no correlation between serum Gal-3 levels and cognitive functioning in SC patients.A positive correlation was found between the levels of Gal-3 and TNF-α(r=0.476;P=0.012),Gal-3and IL-23(r=0.417;P=0.031),and Gal-3 and sST2(r=0.402;P=0.038).The binary logistic model,which included all nine cytokines measured in this patient sample,indicated the particular role of Gal-3 and T

关键词： Schizophrenia Galectin-3 Cytokines Leukocytes Antipsychotics

Acetylation as a mechanism that regulates axonal regeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2015年第7期10卷 1034-1036页

作者： Shen Lin George m.Smith Shriners Hospitals for Pediatric Research Center Department of Neuroscience Temple University

The capacity for adult axons to regenerate after injury is diminished compared with developing *** the case of central nervous system（CNS）axons,injury causes a total failure to *** failure is due to both the intrins... 详细信息

关键词： gene HDAC Acetylation as a mechanism that regulates axonal regeneration

Frontiers in early Earth history and primordial life--Part Ⅱ

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Geoscience Frontiers 2018年第4期9卷 1021-1022页

作者： S.maruyama m.Santosh Earth-Life Science Institute Tokyo Institute of Technology2-12-1Ookayama-Meguro-kuTokyo 152-8550Japan Novosibirsk State University pirogova st.1novosibirsk 630090russia Centre for Tectonics Resources and ExplorationDepartment of Earth SciencesUniversity of AdelaideSA 5005Australia School of Earth Sciences and Resources China University of Geosciences Beijing29 Xueyuan RoadBeijing 100083China Faculty of Science Kochi UniversityKochi 780-8520Japan

Following the publication of Part Ⅰ of the series on＂Frontiers in early Earth history and primordial life＂（maruyama and Santosh,2017）,we present the second part in this volume compiling state-of-the-art research ...

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Predictability of the Western North Pacific Subtropical High Associated with Different ENSO Phases in GloSea5

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Journal of meteorological Research 2020年第5期34卷 926-940页

作者： Daquan ZHANG Gill m.mARTIN Jose mRODRIGUEZ Zongjian KE Lijuan CHEN Laboratory for Climate Studies National Climate CenterChina Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China met Office Hadley Centre Exeter EX 13PBUK

The western North Pacific subtropical high(WNPSH) dominates the summer climate over East Asia. The intensity,position, and shape of WNPSH influence the spatiotemporal distributions of precipitation, temperature, and tropical cyclone activities in this region. This paper intends to investigate the performance of the UK met Office Global Seasonal forecast system version 5(GloSea5) in simulation/prediction of the WNPSH based on a hindcast dataset. Analyses of the hindcast data show a systematic bias in the mean circulation over West Pacific, with negative geopotential height anomalies over the western North Pacific(WNP) and cyclonic anomalies in the 850-hPa winds and water vapor transport, indicating a weakening and eastward shift of the WNPSH. Despite the model’s bias in the climatology, it well captured the interannual variability of the monthly and seasonal-mean intensity of the WNPSH and the position of its ridge line in boreal summer from 1993 to 2015. The seasonal hindcasts indicate that there is significant prediction skill at up to three-month lead time for both the intensity and position of the WNPSH ridge line. The relationship between the WNPSH and different phases of the El Nino–Southern Oscillation(ENSO) in both the observational data and GloSea5 hindcasts was then investigated. The model captured the summer WNPSH anomalies well during most of the ENSO phases, except in the La Nina decaying and neutral summers. The intensity of the anticyclone in the WNP is weak in the decaying phase of El Nino in the GloSea5 hindcasts compared with the reanalysis data. GloSea5 is capable of representing the lagged teleconnection between El Nino events in the previous winter and the intensity of the WNPSH in the following summer. Regression analysis reveals weakened negative sea surface temperature anomalies(SSTAs) over the WNP in GloSea5, which reduced the gradient between the tropical western Pacific and the tropical Indian Ocean, resulting in a weaker easterly anomaly a

关键词： western North Pacific subtropical high(WNPSH) Global Seasonal forecast system version 5(GloSea5) El Nino–Southern Oscillation(ENSO) precipitation predictability