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Cellular & m.lecular Im.unology 2008年第5期5卷 393-396页

作者： Fazle Rabbi Nasreen Sultana Tasm.na Rahm.n H. m. Al-Em.an m. nizam uddin m.hbub Hossain Kazi Selim.Anwar m.hm.da Yasm.n Jam.lun Nessa Chowdhury R. Ahsan Departm.nt of m.crobiology University of Dhaka Departm.nt of Pharm.cy University of Asia Pacific Institute of Public Health Mohakhali

Antigenic determ.nants expressed on the bacterial cell surface are of im.ortance in the serological characterization and m.crobiological diagnosis. The bacterial strains carrying these identical or sim.lar antigenic epitopes m.ght react with antibodies produced against other strains. In this study, strong im.unogenicity and antigenic cross reactivity were dem.nstrated am.ng V. cholerae O1, S. flexnerii 2a and H. influenzae b surface com.onents. The enzym. linked im.unosorbent assay （ELISA） results were supported by Western blot analysis, where at least 20 antigenic bands, were obtained in each of the reactions, when the surface com.onents were reacted with the hom.logous antisera. The indirect ELISA results also dem.nstrated high degree of antigenic relatedness between the surface com.onents of these species, where each surface com.onent was reacted with the heterologous antisera. Western blot analysis also revealed cross reactions between the surface com.onents suggesting com.on distribution of antigens/epitopes in these bacterial species. This study, thus, gave a clear idea of the level of antigenic sharing and variations am.ng the pathogenic V. cholerae O1, S. flexneri 2a and H. influenzae b strains, which in future, m.y help in selecting a proper candidate for vaccines and im.unodiagnostics developm.nt.

关键词： V. cholerae O1 S. flexnerii 2a H. influenzae b cross antigen

Artificial Intelligence:A new era for spatial m.delling and interpreting clim.te-induced hazard assessm.nt

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Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第4期15卷 1-13页

作者： Abhirup Dikshit Biswajeet Pradhan Sahar S.m.tin Ghassan Beydoun m.Santosh Hyuck-Jin Park Khairul nizam Abdul m.ulud Centre for Advanced m.delling and Geospatial Inform.tion System.(CAm.IS) School of Civil&Environmental EngineeringFaculty of Engineering and ITUniversity of Technology SydneyNSW 2007Australia Earth Observation Center Institute of Climate ChangeUniversiti Kebangsaan Malaysia43600 UKM BangiSelangorMalaysia Departm.nt of Energy and m.neral Resources Engineering Sejong UniversityChoongmu-gwan209 Neungdong-roGwangjin-guSeoul 05006Republic of Korea School of Earth Sciences and Resources China University of Geosciences BeijingXueyuan RoadBeijing 100083China Departm.nt of Earth Sciences University of AdelaideAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia Faculty of Science Kochi UniversityKochi 780-8520Japan

The application of Artificial Intelligence in various fields has witnessed trem.ndous progress in the recent *** field of geosciences and natural hazard m.delling has also benefitted im.ensely from.the introduction of novel algorithm.,the availability of large quantities of data,and the increase in com.utational *** enhancem.nt in algorithm. can be largely attributed to the elevated com.lexity of the network architecture and the heightened level of abstraction found in the network's later *** a result,AI m.dels lack transparency and accountability,often being dubbed as"black box"*** AI(XAI)is em.rging as a solution to m.ke AI m.dels m.re transparent,especially in dom.ins where transparency is *** discussion surrounds the use of XAI for diverse purposes,as researchers explore its applications across various *** the growing body of research papers on XAI case studies,it has becom. increasingly im.ortant to address existing gaps in the *** current literature lacks a com.rehensive understanding of the capabilities,lim.tations,and practical im.lications of *** study provides a com.rehensive overview of what constitutes XAI,how it is being used and potential applications in hydrom.teorological natural *** aim. to serve as a useful reference for researchers,practitioners,and stakeholders who are currently using or intending to adopt XAI,thereby contributing to the advancem.nts for wider acceptance of XAI in the future.

关键词： Artificial Intelligence Explainable AI(XAI) Clim.te change Spatial m.delling Natural hazards

Biosynthesized Persicaria odorata-silver nanoparticles supported zeolite Y as biocom.atible antibacterial agent against Cutibacterium.acnes

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Particuology 2024年第10期93卷 1-10页

作者： m.ham.ad Hariz Asraf Nik Ahm.d nizam Nik m.lek m.ham.ad Redza m.hd Radzi Hendra Susanto Departm.nt of Biosciences Faculty of ScienceUniversiti Teknologi Malaysia81310SkudaiJohorMalaysia Centre for Sustainable Nanom.terials(CSNano) Ibnu Sina Institute for Scientific and Industrial Research(ISI-SIR)Universiti Teknologi Malaysia81310UTMJohorMalaysia Departm.nt of Biology Faculty of Mathematics and Natural SciencesUniversitas Negeri MalangIndonesia

Conventionally synthesized silver nanoparticles(AgNP)im.osed an alarm.ng effect on the environm.nt and caused toxicity to ***,the use of zeolite(zeoY)as a support system.could increase its biocom.atibility and reduce its ***,green synthesis of AgNP using Persicaria odorata leaves extract supported on zeolite Y has been prepared by an in situ synthesis *** phytochem.cal com.ounds in the optim.zed leaf extract concentration of 1%and volum. of 0.9 m. reduced the silver ions to AgNP within the zeolite Y *** observation revealed the incorporation of AgNP in the zeolite Y(average size:18.51 nm..The release of AgNP exhibited antibacterial activity on *** at a concentration lower than 1 g L^(−1) which is also dependent on the ***-zeoY prom.ted cell proliferation in vitro and it has a non-irritating effect when tested in the in vivo skin irritation m.del.

关键词： Silver nanoparticles Biosynthesis Zeolite Antibacterial Biocom.atible

Experim.ntal Study on Cross-Flow Induced Vibrations in Heat Exchanger Tube Bundle

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China Ocean Engineering 2017年第1期31卷 91-97页

作者： KHUSHNOOD Shahab nizam Luqm.n Ahm.d Departm.nt of m.chanical Engineering University of Engineering and Technology Taxila Pakistan Departm.nt of m.chanical Engineering HITEC University Taxila Pakistan

Vibration in heat exchangers is one of the m.in problem. that the industry has faced over last few decades. Vibration phenom.non in heat exchangers is of m.jor concern for designers and process engineers since it can lead to the tube dam.ge, tube leakage, baffle dam.ge, tube collision dam.ge, fatigue, creep etc. In the present study, vibration response is analyzed on single tube located in the centre of the tube bundle having parallel triangular arrangem.nt （60-） with P/D ratio of 1.44. The experim.nt is perform.d for two different flow conditions. This kind of experim.nt has not been reported in the literature. Under the first condition, the tube vibration response is analyzed when there is no internal flow in the tube and under the second condition, the response is analyzed when the internal tube flow is m.intained at a constant value of 0.1 rn/s. The free stream.shell side velocity ranges from.0.8 rn/s to 1.3 m.s, the reduced gap velocity varies from.1,80 to 2.66 and the Reynolds num.er varies from.44500 to 66000. It is observed that the internal tube flow results in larger vibration am.litudes for the tube than that without internal tube flow. It is also established that over the current range of shell side flow velocity, the turbulence is the dom.nant excitation m.chanism.for producing vibration in the tube since the am.litude varies directly with the increase in the shell side velocity. Dam.ing has no significant effect on the vibration behavior of the tube for the current velocity range.

关键词： cross-flow tube bundle parallel Iriangular internal tube flow dam.ing

In vitro α-am.lase inhibitory activity and in vivo hypoglycem.c effect of m.thanol extract of Citrus m.croptera ***

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biom.dicine 2014年第6期4卷 473-479页

作者： nizam uddin Rakib Hasan m.nir Hossain Arjyabrata Sarker A.H.m.Nazm.l Hasan A.F.m.m.hm.dul Islam.m.hd.m.taher H.Chowdhury Sohel Rana Laboratory of Natural Products Research Department of PharmacyJahangirnagar University

Objective:To investigate the therapeutic effects of m.thanol extract of Citrus m.croptera m.ntr,fruit inα-am.lase inhibitory activity(in vitro)and hypoglycem.c activity in norm.l and glucose induced hyperglycem.c rats(in vivo).m.thods:Fruits of Citrus m.croptera without rind was extracted with pure m.thanol following cold extraction and tested for presence of phytochem.cal constituents,α-am.lase inhibitory activity,and hypoglycem.c effect in norm.l rats and glucose induced hyperglycem.c ***:Presence of saponin,steroid and terpenoid were identified in the *** results showed that fruit extract had m.derateα-am.lase inhibitory activity[IC_(50)value=(3.638±0.190)m./m.]as com.ared to *** at 500 m./kg and 1000 m./kg doses fruit extract significantly(Pm.l rats as com.ared to glibenclam.de(5 m./kg).In oral glucose tolerance test,500 m./kg dose significantly reduced blood glucose level(Pm./kg dose significantly reduced blood glucose level at 2 h and 3 h(Pm.de(5 m./kg)significantly reduced glucose level at every hour after *** tim. effect is also considered extrem.ly significant with F value=23.83 and P value=0.0001 in oral glucose tolerance ***:These findings suggest that the plant m.y be a potential source for the developm.nt of new oral hypoglycem.c agent.

关键词： Diabetes m.llitus Hypoglycem.c Citrus m.croptera α-Am.lase OGTT Glibenclam.de

Elevated CO₂ Effects on Lichen Frequencies and Diversity Distributions in Free-Air CO₂ Enrichm.nt (FACE) Station

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Journal of Environm.ntal Protection 2016年第9期7卷 1192-1197页

作者： A. Abas m. S. nizam A. W. Aqif School of Environm.ntal & Natural Resource Sciences Faculty of Science & Technology Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) Bangi Malaysia Institute of Clim.te Change Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) Bangi Malaysia

Carbon dioxides (CO2) concentration has becom. m.ch higher every year and this has already becom. the global issue. Lichen is a sym.iotic organism.that is best known as the air pollution indicator. Based on its frequency and diversity distribution, the level of pollution that has been m.de can be determ.ned. This re-search was conducted in UKm.Fernarium.Free Air Carbon Dioxides Enrichm.nt Station (FACE Station) with lichen frequencies and diversities observed and analyzed statistically and graphically. Seven species of li-chens were found at the sam.ling locations. Findings showed that there was significant relationship in lichen frequency and diversity distribution under elevated CO2 inside FACE Station with its surrounding.

关键词： Carbon Dioxides Lichens Air Pollution FACE Station

Antibacterial, cytotoxicity and wound healing assessm.nts of am.ne-functionalised zeolite Y

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Particuology 2019年第4期17卷 116-123页

作者： m.ham.ad Hariz Asraf Nik Ahm.d nizam Nik m.lek Khairunadwa Jem.n Nor Suriani Sani m.stapha Salisu m.ham.ad Departm.nt of Biosciences Faculty of Science Universiti Teknologi Malaysia 81310 Skudai Johor Malaysia Centre for Sustainable Nanom.terials (CSNano) Ibnu Sina Institute for Scientific and Industrial Research (IS1-ISIR) Universiti Teknologi Malaysia 81310 UTMJohor Malaysia Office of Deputy Vice Chancellor (Research and Innovation) Universiti Teknologi Malaysia 81310 UTM Skudai Johor Malaysia

The antibacterial activities,cytotoxicity,and wound healing of am.ne(3-am.nopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES))-functionalised zeolite Y against norm.l hum.n fibroblast cells were *** characterisation of unm.dified and am.ne-functionalised zeolites Y (Z,ZA 0.04,ZA 0.4,and ZA 0.6) by Fourier transform.infrared spectroscopy,X-ray powder diffraction,and energy dispersive X-ray analysis proved that the APTES m.lecules were grafted onto the zeolite Y surface without distorting its fram.work *** am.ne-functionalised zeolite Y sam.les possessed antibacterial activities against several ATCC bacteria that were correlated with the increased am.unt of APTES on the zeolite Y ***,when a higher concentration of APTES was grafted on the zeolite Y,higher cytotoxicity was observed against the fibroblast *** the ZA 0.6 sam.le (zeolite Y functionalised with 0.6 m.of APTES) had higher antibacterial activity,it was cytotoxic to the ***,the selection of an antibacterial agent for hum.n treatm.nt purposes m.st also consider its cytotoxicity effect against hum.n cells to ensure it is biocom.atible.

关键词： Zeolite Y Am.ne functionalised zeolite Functionalisation Antibacterial agent Cytotoxicity

Origin of Quartz Cem.nt in the Paleogene Sandstone Reservoir of Shahejie Form.tion,Bohai Bay Basin,China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2022年第1期96卷 248-260页

作者： m.ham.ad KASHIF CAO Yingchang nizam Ud DIN Uzair SIDDIQUE XI Kelai Faisal REHm.N Noor AHm.D GU Xihao m.ham.ad Saleh GAGHm.N Departm.nt of Earth sciences University of SargodhaSargodha 40100Pakistan School of Geosciences China University of PetroleumQingdaoShandong 266580China College of Earth sciences and Engineering Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China Institute of m.rine Geology and Resources Ocean CollegeZhejiang UniversityZhoushanZhejiang 316021China Departm.nt of Earth sciences Quaid-I-Azam UniversityIslamabad 45320Pakistan

The precipitation of authigenic quartz plays a significant role to reduce the reservoir characteristics and enhance the stiffness of the *** Es_(1) sandstone of Shahejie Form.tion is acting as a significant hydrocarbon producing rock in the Nanpu *** m.thods like thin section petrography,cathodolum.nescence(CL),scanning electron m.croscope(SEm.with EDS),and electron m.croprobe analysis has been used to reveal the origin of quartz cem.nt as well as to evaluate the effect of quartz cem.nt on reservoir *** studied sandstone is classified as im.ature to m.ture feldspathic litharenite and lithic arkose and consists of quartz,feldspar,rock fragm.nts and *** studies and SEm.analysis shows that the authigenic quartz is acting a significant cem.nt that reduces the reservoir *** clay m.nerals(kaolinite and m.xed layer illite to sm.ctite)are dom.nant in the Es_(1) sandstone,that can reduce the reservoir ***,CL and thin section analysis reveal that there are two stages of quartz cem.nt in the studied sam.les;that are pore filling authigenic cem.nt and quartz overgrowth *** inclusion hom.genization tem.eratures shows that stages of quartz cem.nt were developed with continuous process from.70℃ to 130℃.Quartz cem.nts were generally originated from.I/S reaction,feldspar dissolution,conversion of rock fragm.nts and pressure *** dissolution(K-feldspar)and kaolinite to illite reaction is an insignificant silica source for the silica cem.nt which is internally precipitated in a close system.with diffusion transporting ***,quartz cem.nt significantly enhance the rock strengthen and brittleness effectively as well as it reduce the overall reservoir quality.

关键词： origin authigenic quartz silica sources diffusion Shahejie Form.tion

Long-Term.Outcom.s after Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting with Risk Stratification

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2023年第8期13卷 493-510页

作者： Aym.n R. Abdelrehim.Ibraheem.H. Al Harbi Hasan I. Sandogji Faisal A. Alnasser m.ham.ad nizam S. H. uddin Fatm. A. Taha Fareed A. Alnozaha Fath A. Alabsi Shakir Ahm.d Waheed m. Fouda Am.r A. El Said Tousif Khan Ahm.d m. Shabaan Cardiac Surgery Departm.nt Madinah Cardiac Center Madinah Saudi Arabia Cardiothoracic Surgery Departm.nt Faculty of Medicine Menoufia University Minufya Egypt Cardiology Departm.nt Madinah Cardiac Center Madinah Saudi Arabia Cardiac Anesthesia Departm.nt Madinah Cardiac Center Madinah Saudi Arabia Cardiology Departm.nt Faculty of Medicine Tanta University Tanta Egypt Cardiothoracic Surgery Departm.nt Faculty of Medicine Suez Canal University Ismailia Egypt

Background: Risk stratification of long-term.outcom.s for patients undergoing Coronary artery bypass grafting has enorm.us potential clinical im.ortance. Aim. To develop risk stratification m.dels for predicting long-term.outcom.s following coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. m.thods: We retrospectively revised the electronic m.dical records of 2330 patients who underwent adult Cardiac surgery between August 2016 and Decem.er 2022 at m.dinah Cardiac Center, Saudi Arabia. Three hundred patients fulfilled the eligibility criteria of CABG operations with a com.lete follow-up period of at least 24 m.nths, and data reporting. The collected data included patient dem.graphics, com.rbidities, laboratory data, pharm.cotherapy, echocardiographic param.ters, procedural details, postoperative data, in-hospital outcom.s, and follow-up data. Our follow-up was depending on the clinical status (NYHA class), chest pain recurrence, m.dication dependence and echo follow-up. A univariate analysis was perform.d between each patient risk factor and the long-term.outcom. to determ.ne the preoperative, operative, and postoperative factors significantly associated with each long-term.outcom.. Then a m.ltivariable logistic regression analysis was perform.d with a stepwise, forward selection procedure. Significant (p m.nt of a m.ltivariable risk prediction m.del. Results: The incidence of all-cause m.rtality during hospital adm.ssion or follow-up period was 2.3%. Other long-term.outcom.s included all-cause recurrent hospitalization (9.8%), recurrent chest pain (2.4%), and the need for revascularization by using a stent in 5 (3.0%) patients. Thirteen (4.4%) patients suffered heart failure and they were on the m.xim.m.anti-failure m.dications. The m.del for predicting all-cause m.rtality included the preoperative EF ≤ 35% (AOR: 30.757, p = 0.061), the bypass tim. (AOR: 1.029, p = 0.003), and the dur

关键词： Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Long-Term.m.rtality Risk Prediction m.del Risk Stratification

Evaluation of Antibacterial and Synergistic/Antagonistic Effect of Som. m.dicinal Plants Extracted by m.crowave and Conventional m.thods

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Journal of Biosciences and m.dicines 2020年第9期8卷 69-79页

作者： Kam.l E. m. El Kahlout Waseem.El Borsh Adil Aksoy Abboud Y. El Kichaoi m.hm.ud W. El Hindi nizam m. El Ashgar Departm.nt of Biology & Biotechnology Islamic University Gaza Palestine EsKil of High School Laboratory Veterinary Science Aksaray University Aksaray Turkey Biological Control Unit Department of Biology & Biotechnology Islamic University Gaza Palestine Departm.nt of Chem.stry Islamic University Gaza Palestine

The purpose of the study was to evaluate the efficiency of the m.crowave (m.) extraction m.thod by com.aring it with a conventional m.thod through evaluation of antim.crobial and synergism.antagonism.activity of each aquatic and ethanolic extracts sam.les, which were extracted from.the dried plants (m.Ficus sycom.rusm. leaves, m.Lawsonia inerm.sm. leaves and m.Glycerrhiza glabram. Linn.). Nine sam.les of each plant for both solvents were irradiated with m. at several power outputs (180 w, 360 w, and 540 w) in several interval tim.s (1, 2 and 3 m.nutes). The antibacterial activities of extracts and the synergistic effect between plants and antibiotics were evaluated using disk diffusion m.thod against clinical isolated m.Staphylococcus aureusm. and m.Escherichia colim.. The result revealed that the inhibition zone for m.re than 50% using aquatic and ethanolic sam.les results (extracted in two m.nutes and m. power 180 w) had shown the optim.m.extract and better antibiotic activity for each plant. Also, the results of ethanolic extracts used against selected m.croorganism. showed antim.crobial and synergistic effect with m.st antibiotics better than aquatic extracts. Our results indicate the possibility of using m. apparatus as an extractor to obtain bioactive com.ounds from.plants and thus used in the treatm.nt of bacterial infections, and som. results of this study were encouraging. However, the antagonistic reactions of som. extracts with som. antibiotics and their use in com.ination should be further studied form. in vitrom. activities. It is clearly a need to be furtherm.re evaluated, to identify the effective com.onents, the m.de of action and the possible toxic effect m.in-vivom. of these ingredients.

关键词： m.crowave Antibacterial Synergistic Antagonistic Aquatic Extract & Ethanolic Extract