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Prediction modelling in the early detection of neonatal sepsis

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2022年第3期18卷 160-175页

作者： Puspita sahu Elstin Anbu Raj stanly leslie Edward simon Lewis Krishnananda Prabhu Mahadev Rao Vijayanarayana Kunhikatta Department of Pharmacy Practice Manipal College of Pharmaceutical SciencesManipal Academy of Higher Education(MAHE)Manipal 576104KarnatakaIndia Department of Paediatrics Kasturba Medical CollegeManipal Academy of Higher Education(MAHE)ManipalKarnatakaIndia 576104 Department of Biochemistry Kasturba Medical CollegeManipal Academy of Higher Education(MAHE)ManipalKarnatakaIndia 576104

Background Prediction modelling can greatly assist the health-care professionals in the management of diseases,thus sparking interest in neonatal sepsis *** main objective of the study was to provide a complete picture of performance of prediction models for early detection of neonatal *** PubMed,scopus,CINAHL databases were searched and articles which used various prediction modelling measures for the early detection of neonatal sepsis were *** extraction was carried out based on Critical Appraisal and Data Extraction for systematic Reviews of Prediction Modelling studies *** data consisted of objective,study design,patient characteristics,type of statistical model,predictors,outcome,sample size and *** model Risk of Bias Assessment Tool was applied to gauge the risk of bias of the *** An aggregate of ten studies were included in the review among which eight studies had applied logistic regression to build a prediction model,while the remaining two had applied artificial *** predictors like neonatal fever,birth weight,foetal morbidity and gender,cervicovaginitis and maternal age were identified for the early detection of neonatal ***,birth weight,endotracheal intubation,thyroid hypofunction and umbilical venous catheter were promising factors for predicting late-onset sepsis;while gestational age,intrapartum temperature and antibiotics treatment were utilised as budding prognosticators for early-onset sepsis *** Prediction modelling approaches were able to recognise promising maternal,neonatal and laboratory predictors in the rapid detection of early and late neonatal sepsis and thus,can be considered as a novel way for clinician decisionmaking towards the disease diagnosis if not used alone,in the years to come.

关键词： Neonatal sepsis Predictors Prediction modelling systematic review Validation

synthesizing molecularly imprinted polymer beads for the purification of vitamin E

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Particuology 2021年第4期19卷 10-18页

作者： Youhong Zhang Yinpei Zhua leslie s.Loo Jianguo Yin Kean Wang school of Environmental Ecology and Biological Engineering Wuhan Institute of TechnologyWuhan 430205PR China Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education Wuhan Institute of TechnologyWuhan 430205PR China singapore Institute of Technology 10 Dover Drive138683 Singapore Jiangsu Xixin Vitamin Co. Ltd.Jiangsu 223600PR China Center for Catalysis and separation(CeCAs) Chemical Engineering DepartmentKhalifa University of Science&TechnologyAbu DhabiUnited Arab Emirates

Molecularly imprinted polymer(MIP)beads imprinted with vitamin E(V_(E))were synthesized via a two-step swelling polymerization method,using methacrylic acid(MAA)and other functional monomers together with polystyrene(Ps)microspheres as the *** initial trials,different functional monomers were assessed,along with a variety of solvents and imprinting *** MIP_(MAA) sample exhibited the highest performance and was characterized and also assessed with regard to V_(E) adsorption under various experimental *** material exhibited reasonably good sphericity,porosity and stability,along with an excellent adsorption capacity of 46 mg/*** was much higher than the value for the corresponding non-imprinted polymer made with the same monomer,and 20%higher than that for an acrylamide-based MIP synthesized using a precipitation polymerization *** core-shell structured MIP_(MAA) also demonstrated fast adsorption kinetics,a low pressure drop and good reusability in fixed bed *** V_(E) adsorption equilibrium,selectivity,kinetics,thermodynamics and regeneration capacity of this material were also examined and are reported herein.

关键词： Vitamin E α-Tocopherol MIP Molecularly imprinting Adsorption separation

Charting Disaster Recovery via Google street View: A social science Perspective on Challenges Raised by the Fukushima Nuclear Disaster

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International Journal of Disaster Risk science 2016年第2期7卷 175-185页

作者： leslie Mabon school of Applied social studies Robert Gordon University

There is increasing interest in using Google street View(GsV) for research purposes, particularly with regard to ‘‘virtually auditing'' the built environment to assess environmental quality. Research in this field to date generally suggests GsV is a reliable means of understanding the ‘‘real world'' environment. But limitations around the dates and resolution of images have been identified. An emerging strand within this literature is also concerned with the potential of GsV to understand recovery post-disaster. Using the GsV data set for the evacuated area around the Fukushima Dai'ichi nuclear power plant as a case study, this article evaluates GsV as a means of assessing disaster recovery in a dynamic situation with remaining uncertainty and a significant value and emotive dimension. The article suggests that GsV does have value in giving a high-level overview of the postdisaster situation and has potential to track recovery and resettlement over time. Drawing on social science literature relating to Fukushima, and disasters more widely, the article also argues it is imperative for researchers using GsV to reflect carefully on the wider socio-cultural contexts that are often not represented in the photo montage.

关键词： Digital representation of place Fukushima nuclear disaster Google street View Post-disaster recovery social dimensions of energy

Evidence in Primary Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus—What It Means for Primary Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Epidemic in Papua New Guinea

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Journal of Diabetes Mellitus 2022年第2期12卷 87-97页

作者： leslie Bahn Kawa Department of General Internal Medicine Port Moresby General Hospital Port Moresby Papua New Guinea

Type 2 diabetes is in epidemic proportion in Papua New Guinea. Although many people are at high-risk of developing diabetes, there is no diabetes prevention policy and services in Papua New Guinea to address this problem. A literature search was carried out to assess the available evidence in the primary prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus among the population with pre-diabetes. The result shows that the primary preventative studies conducted on lifestyle modification and the use of metformin in prediabetes patients reduced overt type 2 diabetes mellitus. The application of the evidence in the prevention of the type 2 diabetes epidemic in Papua New Guinea, driven by a policy is feasible to address the diabetes epidemic.

关键词： Primary Prevention Prevention Trials Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Prediabetes

Barriers and facilitators to participating in cardiac rehabilitation and physical activity:A cross-sectional survey

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World Journal of Cardiology 2022年第2期14卷 83-95页

作者： Matthew James Fraser stephen J leslie Trish Gorely Emma Foster Ronie Walters Division of Biomedical science University of the Highlands and IslandsInverness IV23JHUnited Kingdom Department of Cardiology NHS HighlandInverness IV23UJUnited Kingdom Department of Nursing and Midwifery University of the Highlands and IslandsInverness IV23JHUnited Kingdom Cardiac Unit NHsH NHS HighlandInverness IV23JHUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND Cardiovascular diseases(CVD)have been shown to be the greatest cause of death worldwide and rates continue to *** is recommended that CVD patients attend cardiac rehabilitation(CR)following a cardiac event to reduce mortality,improve recovery and positively influence behaviour around CVD risk *** the recognised benefits and international recommendations for exercisebased CR,uptake and attendance remain suboptimal.A greater understanding of CR barriers and facilitators is required,not least to inform service *** understanding current cardiac patients’attitudes and opinions around CR and physical activity(PA)could inform patient-led ***,through understanding aspects of CR and PA that participants like/dislike could provide healthcare providers and policy makers with information around what elements to target in the *** To investigate participants’attitudes and opinions around CR and *** This study employed a cross-sectional survey design on 567 cardiac *** patients who were referred for standard CR classes at a hospital in the scottish Highlands,from May 2016 to May 2017 were *** part of a larger survey,the current study analysed the free-text responses to 5 open-ended questions included within the wider *** were related to the participants’experience of CR,reasons for non-attendance,ideas to increase attendance and their opinions on *** data were analysed using a 6-step,reflexive thematic *** Two main topic areas were explored:“Cardiac rehabilitation experience”and“physical activity”.self-efficacy was increased as a result of attending CR due to exercising with similar individuals and the safe environment *** ranged from age and health to distance and starting times of the classes which increased travel time and ***,responses demonstrated a lack of information and communication around the *** h

关键词： Cardiovascular disease Cardiac rehabilitation Physical activity Barriers Facilitators Patient experience

L^p Boundedness of Marcinkiewicz Integrals with H^1 Kernels

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Acta Mathematica sinica,English series 2008年第6期24卷 1031-1038页

作者： leslie C.CHENG Department of Mathematics Bryn Mawr CollegeBryn MawrPA 19010USA

We establish the L^p boundedness of Marcinkiewicz integral operators with kernels in theHardy space on a compact submanifold of finite type. Previously such boundedness properties were obtained when the submanifold is a sphere. Our result shows that what matters is not the symmetry, but a certain type of curvature property of the submanifold.

关键词： Marcinkiewicz integrals Hardy space finite type

Contributions of holography to the advancement of interferometric measurements of surface topography

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Light(Advanced Manufacturing) 2022年第2期3卷 80-99页

作者： Peter J.de Groot leslie L.Deck Rong su Wolfgang Osten Zygo Corporation MiddlefieldCT USA shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina University of stuttgart StuttgartGermany

Two major fields of study in optics—holography and interferometry—have developed at times independently and at other times *** two methods share the principle of holistically recording as an intensity pattern the magnitude and phase distribution of a light wave,but they can differ significantly in how these recordings are formed and *** we review seven specific developments,ranging from data acquisition to fundamental imaging theory in three dimensions,that illustrate the synergistic developments of holography and interferometry.A clear trend emerges,of increasing reliance of these two fields on a common trajectory of enhancements and improvements.

关键词： holography topography interferometry metrology

Nanoscale plasma-activated aerosol generation for in situ surface pathogen disinfection

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2022年第2期8卷 161-173页

作者： Nicholas s.L.Chew Kiing s.Wong Wei s.Chang Chien W.Ooi leslie Y.Yeo Ming K.Tan Mechanical Engineering Discipline School of EngineeringMonash University MalaysiaBandar SunwaySelangorMalaysia Chemical Engineering Discipline School of EngineeringMonash University MalaysiaBandar SunwaySelangorMalaysia Micro/Nanophysics Research Laboratory RMIT UniversityMelbourneVICAustralia

Plasma treatment constitutes an efficient method for chemical-free disinfection.A spray-based system for dispensing plasma-activated aerosols onto surfaces would facilitate disinfection of complex and/or hidden surfaces inaccessible to direct line-of-sight(for example,UV)*** complexity and size of current plasma generators(for example,plasma jet and cometary plasma systems)-which prohibit portable operation,together with the short plasma lifetimes,necessitate a miniaturized in situ technique in which a source can be simultaneously activated and administered on-demand onto ***,we demonstrate this possibility by combining two nanoscale technologies for plasma and aerosol generation into an integrated device that is sufficiently small and *** is generated on a carpet of zinc oxide nanorods comprising a nanoneedle ensemble,which when raised to a high electric potential,constitutes a massive point charge array with near-singular electric fields to effect atmospheric *** plasma is then used to activate water transported through an underlying capillary wick,that is subsequently aerosolized under MHz-order surface acoustic *** show that the system,besides being amenable to miniaturization and hence integration into a chipscale device,leads to a considerable improvement in plasma-activation over its macroscale cometary discharge predecessor,with up to 20%and 127%higher hydrogen peroxide and nitrite ion concentrations that are respectively generated in the plasma-activated ***,in turn,leads to a 67%reduction in the disinfection time to achieve 95%bacterial load reduction,therefore demonstrating the potential of the technology as an efficient portable platform for on-demand field-use surface disinfection.

关键词： surface portable aerosol

Fiber transmission demonstrations in vector mode space division multiplexing

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Frontiers of Optoelectronics 2018年第2期11卷 155-162页

作者： leslie A. RUsCH sophie LAROCHELLE Centre for Optics Photonics and Lasers ECE Department Universite Laval Quebec G1V 0A6 Canada

Much attention has been focused on the use of scalar modes for space division multiplexing （sDM）. Alternative vector mode bases offer another solution set for sDM, expanding the available trade-offs in system performance and complexity. We present two types of ring core fiber conceived and designed to explore sDM with fibers exhibiting low interactions between supported modes. We review demonstrations of fiber data transmis- sion tbr two separate vector mode bases： one for orbital angular momentum （OAM） modes and one for linearly polarized vector （LPV） modes. The OAM mode demon- strations include short transmissions using commercially available transceivers, as well as kilometer length transmission at extended data rates. The LPV demonstra- tions span kilometer length transmissions at high data rate with coherent detection, as well as a radio over fiber experiment with direct detection of narrowband signals.

关键词： space division multiplexing (sDM) few-mode fiber (FMF) orbital angular momentum (OAM) linearly polarized vector (LPV) modes ring core fiber(RCF) polarization maintaining fiber