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Monsoon boosted radiation of the endemic East Asian carps

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2023年第3期66卷 563-578页

作者： Chenguang Feng Kun wang Wenjie Xu Liandong Yang kunyuan wanghe Ning Sun Baosheng Wu Feixiang Wu Lei Yang Qiang Qiu Xiaoni Gan Yiyu Chen Shunping He State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology Institute of HydrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430072China School of Ecology and Environment Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an 710072China Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota of Chinese Academy of Sciences Northwest Institute of Plateau BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesXining 810008China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039China Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins of Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and PaleoanthropologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100044China Florida Museum of Natural History University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32611USA National Natural Science Foundation of China Beijing 100085China Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics Kunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650223China

Major historical events often trigger the rapid flourishing of a few lineages,which in turn shape established biodiversity *** did this process occur and develop?This study provides a window into this *** endemic East Asian carps(EEAC)dominated the ichthyofauna of East Asia and exhibited a high degree of adaptation to monsoonal river-lake ecosystems.A series of evidence,including ecogeography,phylogenetics,and macroevolution,suggests that the EEAC is a lineage that arose with the East Asian monsoon and thrived intimately with subsequent monsoon *** further deduce the evolution of the EEAC and find that a range of historical events in the monsoon setting(e.g.,marine transgression and regression and glacial-interglacial cycle)have further reshaped the distribution patterns of EEAC’s *** genomics analyses reveal that introgressions during the initial period of EEAC radiation and innovations in the regulation of the brain and nervous system may have aided their adaptation to river-lake ecosystems in a monsoon setting,which boosted ***,this study strengthens knowledge of the evolutionary patterns of freshwater fishes in East Asia and provides a model case for understanding the impact of major historical events on the evolution of biota.

关键词： adaptive radiation Xenocyprididae east Asian monsoon genomes macroevolution phylogenomics

茯苓与黄芪随证施量策略在肾性水肿治疗中的运用

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吉林中医药 2024年第5期44卷 532-535页

作者：孙文杰徐坤元杨浩宇姬航宇连凤梅中国中医科学院广安门医院北京100053

外周水肿常为糖尿病肾病的首发症状,同时伴随蛋白尿、血压升高等异常指标,仝小林院士在准确调态使用靶方基础上,采用随证施量策略应用针对症靶(水肿)和标靶(肾功能指标)的中药茯苓和黄芪,多有弋获。

关键词：糖尿病肾病水肿随证施量茯苓黄芪

Reference Gene Selection for Quantitative Real-Time PCR Analyses of Acer palmatum under Abiotic Stress

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2020年第2期89卷 385-403页

作者： Lu Zhu Qiuyue Ma Shushun Li Jing Wen kunyuan Yan Qianzhong Li Institute of Leisure Agriculture Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjing210014China

Quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase PCR(qRT-PCR)technology has been extensively used to estimate gene expression levels,and the selection of appropriate reference genes for qRT-PCR analysis is critically important for obtaining authentic normalized *** palmatum is an important colorful leaf ornamental tree species,and reference genes suitable for normalization of the qRT-PCR data obtained from this species have not been *** this study,the expression stability of ten candidate reference genes,namely,Actin3,Actin6,Actin9,EF1α,PP2A,SAMDC,TIP41,TUBα,TUBβand UBQ10,in two distinct tissues(leaves and roots)of *** under four different abiotic stress conditions(cold,heat,salt and drought)were investigated and assessed using three statistical methods(GeNorm,NormFinder and BestKeeper).The combinations of reference genes that showed stability in the different stressed samples ***,Actin6,UBQ10 and Actin9 were the most stable reference genes in all the samples,and Actin3 and Actin6 wexre stably expressed in cold-stressed leaves and ***3,Actin6 and UBQ10 were identified as an appropriate combination of reference genes for the analysis of heat-stressed leaves and roots,whereas the combination of Actin9,UBQ10 and Actin6 was deemed the most suitable for the analysis of salt-stressed leaves and ***,Actin6 and UBQ10 exhibited stable expression in drought-stressed leaves and ***,the expression levels of CBF,Cu/Zn-SOD and HsfA1 were estimated to determine the reliability of the reference genes assessed in this *** study revealed stable reference genes in *** that might be used for the normalization of qRT-PCR data obtained under various abiotic stresses.

关键词： Acer palmatum qRT-PCR abiotic stresses referencegene normalization

RADICAL POLYMERIZATION OF N, N-DI(2-2'-METHYL-ACRYLOYLOXY-PROPYL)-PARA-TOLUIDINE FUNCTIONAL MONOMER

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 1989年第3期7卷 258-265页

作者：丘坤元傅杰 Department of Chemistry Peking UniversityBeijing

Functional monomer (MP)_2PT having tertiary aromatic amino group was systhesized from the reaction of N, N-di (2-hydroxypropyl)-p-toluidine with 2-methyl acryloyl chloride. In the presence of organic peroxide, the radical polymerization of (MP)_2PT in toluene took place. The kinetics of (MP)_2PT polymerization and the ESR spectra of LPO-(MP)2PT-MNP systems were determined respectively.

关键词： Functional monomer N N-di(2-2′-methylacryloyloxy-propyl )-p-toluidine Synthesis Radical polymerization Kinetics of polymerization ESR study on the radical intermediates.

接受抗逆转录病毒治疗的HIV阳性患者行腹腔镜胆囊切除术的围术期安全性分析

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国际外科学杂志 2024年第8期51卷 516-522页

作者：李靖飞束越季鹏姜坤元尹大龙安徽医科大学附属省立医院普通外科合肥230001

目的探讨接受抗逆转录病毒治疗的人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)阳性患者行腹腔镜胆囊切除术的围术期安全性。方法采用回顾性队列研究方法,收集2020年1月一2023年12月安徽医科大学附属省立医院普通外科同一治疗组收治388例胆囊结石患者的临床资... 详细信息

目的探讨接受抗逆转录病毒治疗的人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)阳性患者行腹腔镜胆囊切除术的围术期安全性。方法采用回顾性队列研究方法,收集2020年1月一2023年12月安徽医科大学附属省立医院普通外科同一治疗组收治388例胆囊结石患者的临床资料,其中男性135例,女性253例,根据是否合并HIV感染将其分为HIV阳性组(n=25)和HIV阴性组(n=363)。收集两组患者临床病理资料和术中、术后相关数据,采用倾向性评分匹配的方法控制混杂偏倚,并对两组的麻醉方法、术中出血量、手术时长、有无中转开腹、术后并发症、术后引流量、术后住院日、治疗总费用等相关数据进行比较。正态分布的计量资料以均数±标准差(x±s)表示,组间比较采用t检验;非正态分布的计量资料采用M(Q1,Q3)表示,组间比较采用秩和检验。计数资料使用Fisher确切概率法或使用x²检验比较。结果两组一般资料在性别、术前红细胞、中性粒细胞、谷丙转氨酶、间接胆红素方面差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。匹配后,两组患者在麻醉方法、术中出血量、手术时长、有无中转开腹、术后并发症发生率,术后引流量及术后住院天数等指标上差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);HIV阳性组住院总天数、治疗总费用分别为5.0(3.0,7.0)d;(14829.3±4852.8)元,HIV阴性组分别为3.0(2.0,4.8)d;(10762.3±1850.3)元,HIV阳性组明显高于HIV阴性组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。HIV阳性组围术期没有医护人员发生职业暴露。结论对于接受抗逆转录病毒治疗的HIV阳性患者,腹腔镜胆囊切除术是安全可行的。医护人员严格遵守标准化防护规程,可以降低职业暴露风险。

关键词：胆囊切除术,腹腔镜 HIV 抗逆转录病毒药职业暴露倾向性评分匹配

股骨髁矢状面屈曲截骨技术在全膝关节置换术中初步应用及股骨髁假体“低头”安装效果观察

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中国骨与关节损伤杂志 2024年第4期39卷 356-360页

作者：阎晓丽郝岩傅坤元朱方正周密王晓宇孙嘉锴傅捷中国人民解放军火箭军特色医学中心骨科北京100088 中南大学湘雅医学院湖南长沙410012

目的全膝关节置换术中选择股骨髁假体型号时可能遇到假体在冠状面宽出或测量数据介于两个型号之间的难题,评估股骨髁矢状面屈曲截骨技术(即“低头”截骨技术)解决这个难题的可行性,同时观察股骨髁假体适度“低头”安装对术后早期疗效的... 详细信息

目的全膝关节置换术中选择股骨髁假体型号时可能遇到假体在冠状面宽出或测量数据介于两个型号之间的难题,评估股骨髁矢状面屈曲截骨技术(即“低头”截骨技术)解决这个难题的可行性,同时观察股骨髁假体适度“低头”安装对术后早期疗效的影响。方法回顾性分析自2015-10—2021-10采用全膝关节置换术治疗的72例重度膝关节骨性关节炎,术中2例因股骨髁假体在冠状面上宽出、4例测量数据介于两个型号之间,需进行徒手修正股骨髁远端截骨面。术后摄X线片测量前叶皮质角,前叶皮质角≥6°的36例纳入低头组,前叶皮质角0.05)。72例均获得随访,随访时间13~16个月,平均14个月。低头组随访期间未出现明显并发症,所有患者均不需要进行关节翻修。结论全膝关节置换术中股骨髁假体可以适度“低头”安装,并不会影响术后早期疗效,遇到股骨髁假体在冠状面宽出或测量数据介于两个型号之间的情况时,可以主动徒手修正股骨髁远端截骨面,技术实用,操作简单,而且不影响屈伸间隙平衡及患肢术后功能。

关键词：膝关节骨性关节炎全膝关节置换术 “低头”截骨技术股骨髁假体

阿立哌唑联合奥氮平治疗住院男性精神分裂症患者的效果及对代谢综合征的影响

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四川精神卫生 2024年第3期37卷 226-231页

作者：刘舜华袁小凤叶雪婷张瑜良赵莉周坤元梅州市第三人民医院广东梅州514089 梅州市人民医院广东梅州514031

背景精神分裂症及抗精神病药物使用均可能导致患者发生代谢综合征(MS),增加心血管疾病的发生风险,不利于疾病预后。有效预防或降低精神分裂症患者伴发MS的风险至关重要。目的探讨阿立哌唑联合奥氮平治疗男性精神分裂症的效果及其对患... 详细信息

背景精神分裂症及抗精神病药物使用均可能导致患者发生代谢综合征(MS),增加心血管疾病的发生风险,不利于疾病预后。有效预防或降低精神分裂症患者伴发MS的风险至关重要。目的探讨阿立哌唑联合奥氮平治疗男性精神分裂症的效果及其对患者MS的影响,以期为男性精神分裂症患者抗精神病药物的选择提供参考。方法连续选取2023年2月—6月在梅州市第三人民医院住院治疗的、符合《国际疾病分类(第10版)》(ICD-10)精神分裂症诊断标准的80例男性患者。采用随机数表法分为研究组(阿立哌唑联合奥氮平口服)与对照组(奥氮平单药口服)各40例,两组均连续用药6周。治疗前,两组均接受阳性和阴性症状量表(PANSS)评定和MS相关指标[空腹血糖(FPG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、体质量指数(BMI)、腰臀比(WHR)及血脂水平]、血清S100钙结合蛋白B(S100B)以及超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)水平检测,于治疗第2、4、6周末再次行PANSS评定,于治疗第2周和第6周末进行临床疗效总评量表(CGI)评定,治疗第6周末再次进行MS相关指标、S100B以及hs-CRP水平检测及副反应量表(TESS)评定。结果两组PANSS评分的组别效应、时间效应及组别与时间的交互效应均有统计学意义(F=18.092、634.780、2.917,P<0.05或0.01)。两组CGI评分的组别效应和时间效应均有统计学意义(F=20.492、99.190,P均<0.01)。治疗第6周末,研究组HbA1c和甘油三酯(TG)水平均低于对照组(t=-3.495、-3.293,P均<0.05)。治疗第6周末,研究组hs-CRP水平低于对照组(t=-3.916,P<0.05)。研究组TESS评分低于对照组(t=-4.684,P<0.01)。结论与奥氮平单药治疗相比,阿立哌唑联合奥氮平可能更有助于改善男性精神分裂症患者的精神病性症状,且对MS相关指标的影响更小。

关键词：精神分裂症男性阿立哌唑奥氮平代谢综合征

GRAFT COPOLYMERIZATION OF ACRYLAMIDE ONTO POLY（N-PARA-TOLYLACRYLAMIDE） FILMS INITIATED BY CERIC ION

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 1988年第1期6卷 75-83页

作者：丘坤元宋叶 Department of Chemistry Peking University Beijing

Functional monomers having phenylcarbamoyl and p-tolylcarbamoyl were synthesized. Binary initiation system consisted of Ce4+ and these functional monomers could initiate acrylamide polymerization. It was found that acrylamide could graft copolymerize onto macromolecules having these functional monomers units. The formation of graft copolymer has been verified by its percentage of water absorption, contact angle with water, XPS and SEM photographs. The reaction mechanism was proposed and the main reactive site of graft ocpolymerization initiated by Ce4+ would take place predominantly at the functional pendant group.

关键词： Acrylamide Functional monomers N-para-tolylacrylamide Copolymers Graft copolymerization initiated by ceric ion Characterization of grafted copolymers by SEM XPS.

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燃烧烟雾吸入伤后犬肺血管外水量变化

解放军医学杂志 1986年第1期 24-26页

作者：吴振忠黎鳌朱佩芳姜坤元王天乙陈发明李进年王凤君李照洲魏巨菊何宝斌第三军医大学第一附属医院烧伤中心

本实验用Pearce法对38条犬(烟雾吸入伤33条,正常5条)进行了肺血管外水量、肺总水量及肺残留血液水量测定,测定结果证明烟雾吸入组伤后2小时肺总水量和肺残留血液水量有明显增加,而肺血管外水量无明显增加,仍与正常组值相似,提示此时仅... 详细信息

本实验用Pearce法对38条犬(烟雾吸入伤33条,正常5条)进行了肺血管外水量、肺总水量及肺残留血液水量测定,测定结果证明烟雾吸入组伤后2小时肺总水量和肺残留血液水量有明显增加,而肺血管外水量无明显增加,仍与正常组值相似,提示此时仅有肺充血现象。伤后6小时该组动物肺血管外水量和肺总水量有非常显著增加,证明有肺水肿出现。伤后24小时烟雾吸入伤治疗组及其对照组动物肺血管外水量和肺总水量虽都较伤后6小时有所下降,但其数值仍高于正常组值。两组测定结果相比,可见治疗组值下降较明显,并且该组肺残留血液水量值也高于对照组,故可认为本实验所用治疗方法对防治烟雾吸入伤肺水肿有一定效果。

关键词：肺血管动物烟雾吸入伤肺水肿血液循环障碍