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Changes in Soil physicochemical properties under Selected Climate-Smart Agricultural practices in Central African Republic

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Open Journal of Soil Science 2024年第1期14卷 97-114页

作者： Julie Léancy Gougodo De Mon-Zoni Arnauld dave Bangane Konzoba Jane Akoth Omenda Mohammad Zaman Ephrem Kosh-Komba plant and Fungal Biodiversity Laboratory Faculty of Sciences University of Bangui Central African Republic Central African Institute for Agricultural Research (ICRA) Bangui Central African Republic Laboratoiry of Geoscience Faculty of Sciences University of Bangui Bangui Central African Republic Departement of Water & Agricultural Resources Management University of Embu Embu Kenya International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Vienna Austria Laboratory of Biological and Agronomical Sciences for Development Faculty of Sciences University of Bangui Bangui Central African Republic

Soil nutrient depletion as a result of continuous cultivation with insufficient external nutrient replenishment is a major challenge in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). A trial using the organic and mineral fertilizer was established in the cassava cropping system of the pissa and Damara areas to address the declining soil fertility. The study aimed to evaluate the effect of cow manure and mineral fertilizer in combination or sole application on soil physico-chemical properties and macronutrients. The experimental trial adopted a randomized complete block design (RCBD) replicated four times. The treatments comprised of;T1 (Control), T2 (peasant practice), T3 (sole NpK), and T4 (Cow manure + NpK). The data on soil physicochemical analysis was subjected to a one-way analysis of variance in SAS 9.4 and the mean was separated by Tukey’s HSD test at p pH values ranged from 4.20 to 4.91;and 4.53 to 5.28 in pissa and Damara respectively. According to the treatments, a low pH value is observed in T3 (4.13) in the pissa. Combined use of cow manure and the mineral fertilizer resulted in higher Mg K and N in the pissa region and higher soil pH in Damara. The use of sole NpK (T3) gave a higher soil carbon and CN ratio. In the pissa region the CEC, Cu, Fe, and Zn were higher in the treatments with mineral fertilizer compared to the control. Conclusively, the use of mineral fertilizer and cow manure can be used with optimum rates to improve soil physico-chemical properties on a sustainable basis.

关键词： Cow Manure physicochemical Nutrients Agroecology Nutrient Management

Intensity of effort and momentary failure in resistance training:Are we asking a binary question for a continuous variable?

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2022年第6期11卷 644-647页

作者： James p.Fisher James Steele dave Smith School of Sport Health and Social ScienceSolent UniversitySouthamptonSO140YNUK Research Centre for Musculoskeletal and Sports Medicine Manchester Metropolitan UniversityManchesterM156BHUK

*** There is a growing body of research supporting the idea that a plethora of health benefits can result from resistance training using a low volume,high-effort approach(e.g.,increased metabolic rate and bone mineral density,a reduction in blood pressure,and improved muscle quality and insulin sensitivity,among ***,muscular strength and muscle massprimary goals and benefits of participation in resistance trainingare independently strong predictors of longevity and quality of life. Thus,many have sought to identify how the manipulation of resistance training variables might lead to“optimal”adaptations in such outcomes,as evidenced by repeated attempts over recent decades to review the literature and provide consensus statements on this topic.5-10 One variable that is often hotly debated within resistance training is training to failure.

关键词： resistance binary continuous

Fluorescence and SEM correlative microscopy for nanomanipulation of subcellular structures

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Light(Science & Applications) 2014年第1期3卷 13-19页

作者： Zheng Gong Brandon K Chen Jun Liu Chao Zhou dave Anchel Xiao Li Ji Ge David p Bazett-Jones Yu Sun Advanced Micro and Nanosystems Laboratory University of TorontoTorontoON M5S 3G8Canada State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Control and Management of Complex Systems Institute of AutomationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China The Genetics and Genome Biology program the Hospital for Sick ChildrenTorontoON M5G 1X8Canada

Nanomanipulation under scanning electron microscopy(SEM)enables direct interactions of a tool with a *** recently developed a nanomanipulation technique for the extraction and identification of DNA contained within sub-nuclear locations of a single cell *** nanomanipulation of sub-cellular structures,a key step is to identify targets of interest through correlating fluorescence and SEM *** DNA extraction task must be conducted with low accelerating voltages resulting in low imaging *** is imposed by the necessity of preserving the biochemical integrity of the *** poor imaging conditions make the identification of nanometer-sized fiducial marks *** paper presents an affine scale-invariant feature transform(ASIFT)based method for correlating SEM images and fluorescence microscopy *** performance of the image correlation approach under different noise levels and imaging magnifications was quantitatively *** optimal mean absolute error(MAE)of correlation results is 68634 nm under standard *** with manual correlation by skilled operators,the automated correlation approach demonstrates a speed that is higher by an order of *** the SEM-fluorescence image correlation approach,targeted DNA was successfully extracted via nanomanipulation under SEM conditions.

关键词： correlative microscopy fluorescence image correlation nanomanipulation SEM subcellular structures

Numerical investigation of the hydraulic fracturing mechanisms in oil sands

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Underground Space 2021年第2期6卷 195-216页

作者： Siavash Taghipoor Morteza Roostaei Arian Velayati Atena Sharbatian dave Chan Alireza Nouri Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of AlbertaCanada KGHM International 1010 Lorne StSudburyON P3C 4R9Canada RGL Reservoir Management Inc. 690842 StLeducAB T9E 0R8Canada

This paper presents a numerical investigation of hydraulic fracturing in oil sands during cold water injection by considering the aspects of both geomechanics and reservoir fluid *** to previous studies,the low shear strengths of unconsolidated or weakly consolidated sandstone reservoirs significantly influence the hydraulic fracturing ***,classical hydraulic fracture models cannot simulate the fracturing process in weak sandstone *** the current numerical models,the direction of a tensile fracture is predetermined based on in situ stress ***,the potential transformation of a shear fracture into a tensile fracture and the potential reorientation of a tensile fracture owing to shear banding at the fracture tip have not yet been addressed in the *** this study,a smeared fracture technique is employed to simulate tensile and shear fractures in oil *** model used combines many important fracture features,which include the matrix flow,poroelasticity and plasticity modeling,saturation-dependent permeability,gradual degradation of the oil sands as a result of dilative shear deformation,and the tensile fracturing and shear failure that occur with the simultaneous enhancement of ***,sensitivity analyses are also performed with respect to the reservoir and geomechanical parameters,including the apparent tensile strength and cohesion of the oil sands,magnitude of the minimum and maximum principal stress,absolute permeability and elastic modulus of the oil sands and ramp-up *** these analyses are performed to clarify the influences of these parameters on the fracturing response of the oil sands.

关键词： Smeared fracture Hydraulic fracturing Numerical simulation Oil sand

基于深度学习卷积神经网络的地震波形自动分类与识别

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地球物理学报 2019年第1期62卷 374-382页

作者：赵明陈石 dave Yuen 中国地震局地球物理研究所北京100081 美国哥伦比亚大学应用物理和应用数学系纽约10027 中国地质大学大数据学院(武汉) 武汉430074

发展高效、高精度、普适性强的自动波形拾取算法在地震大数据时代背景下显得越来越重要.波形自动拾取算法的主要挑战来自如何适应不同区域的不同类型地震事件的分类与筛选.本文针对地震事件-噪音分类这一问题,使用13839个汶川地震余震... 详细信息

发展高效、高精度、普适性强的自动波形拾取算法在地震大数据时代背景下显得越来越重要.波形自动拾取算法的主要挑战来自如何适应不同区域的不同类型地震事件的分类与筛选.本文针对地震事件-噪音分类这一问题,使用13839个汶川地震余震事件建立数据集,应用深度学习卷积神经网络(CNN)方法进行训练,并用8900个新的汶川余震事件作为检测数据集,其训练和检测准确率均达到95%以上.在对连续波形的检测中,CNN方法在精度和召回率上优于STA/LTA和Fbpicker传统方法,并能找出大量人工挑选极易遗漏的微震事件.最后,我们应用训练好的最优模型对选自全国台网的441个台站8天的连续波形数据进行了识别、到时挑取及与参考地震目录关联,CNN检出7016段波形,用自动挑选算法拾取到1380对p,S到时,并与540个地震目录事件成功关联,对1级以上事件总体识别准确率为54%,二级以上为80%,证明了CNN模型具有泛化能力,初步展示了CNN在发展兼具效率、精度、普适性算法,实时地震监测等应用上具有巨大潜力.

关键词：卷积神经网络自动波形拾取

progress towards vaccines against helminth infections of livestock

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Progress towards vaccines against helminth infections of liv...

Does Resisted Sled Towing Improve the physical Qualities of Elite Youth Soccer players of Differing Maturity Status?

中国畜牧兽医学会家畜寄生虫学分会第六次代表大会暨第十一次学术研讨会

作者： dave p.Knox Moredun Research Institute Pentlands Science ParkBush LoanPenicuikScotland EH26 0PZ

parasitic helminths express and secrete a variety of proteases which they use for many purposes including the penetration of host tissues,digestion of host protein for nutrients,evasion of host immune responses and for internal processes such as tissue catabolism and *** these broad reasons they have been examined as possible parasite control *** feeding nematodes such as Haemonchus contortus that infect sheep and goats and the hookworms,Ancylostoma *** Necator americanus, affecting man and trematodes such as Schistosoma and Fasciola spp.,use an array of endo and exopeptidases to digest the blood *** digestion occurs by an ordered and partly conserved proteolytic *** proteases are accessible to host immune responses which can block enzyme function and lead to parasite expulsion and/or *** they are receiving attention as components of *** genome revolution has provided the opportunity to identify many other targets and this process will be enhanced by the application of reverse genetics approaches such as RNA interference to enhance target validation.

关键词：

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Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise 2021年第1期3卷 75-87页

作者： Rhys Morris Tony Myers Stacey Emmonds dave Singleton Kevin Till School of Life Sciences Coventry UniversityCoventryUK Sport Exercise and Health Research CenterNewman University BirminghamBirminghamUK Carnegie School of Sport Leeds Beckett UniversityLeedsUK Birmingham City Football Club BirminghamUK Leeds Rhinos RLFC LeedsUK

purpose Sled towing has been shown to be an effective method to enhance the physical qualities in youth *** aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of a 6-week sled towing intervention on muscular strength,speed and power in elite youth soccer players of differing maturity *** Seventy-three male elite youth soccer players aged 12-18 years(pre-peak Height Velocity[pHV]n = 25;Circa-pHV n = 24;post-pHV n = 24)from one professional soccer academy participated in this *** assessments(10 m and 30 m),countermovement jump and isometric mid-thigh pull were undertaken before(T1)and after(T2)a 6-week *** training intervention consisted of 6 weeks(2xper week,10 sprints over 20 m distance)of resisted sled towing(linear progression 10%-30%of body mass)during the competitive *** regression models analysed differences between T1 and T2 within each maturity *** There were minimal changes in strength,speed and power(p=0.35-0.80)for each maturity group across the 6-week *** there were changes with greater certainty,they are unlikely to represent real effect due to higher regres-sion to the mean(RTM).Conclusion It appears that a 6-week sled towing training programme with loadings of 10%-30%body mass only maintains physical qualities in elite youth soccer players pre-,circa-,and *** research is required to determine the effectiveness of this training method in long-term athletic development programmes.

关键词： Youth development Long-term athletic development Maturation Strength Speed IMTp

Mitochondrial DNA T7719G in tRNA-Lys gene affects litter size in Small-tailed Han sheep

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2017年第3期8卷 568-573页

作者： Xiaoyong Chen Dan Wang Hai Xiang Weitao Dun dave O.H.Brahi Tao Yin Xingbo Zhao College of Animal Science and Technology China Agricultural University Beijing 100193 China Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary of Hebei province Baoding 071000 China

Background： In farm animals, mitochondrial DNA（mtDNA） effect on economic performance remains hot-topic for breeding and genetic selection. Here, 53 maternal lineages of Small-tailed Han sheep were used to investigate the association of mitochondrial DNA variations and the lambing litter ***： Sequence sweeping of the mitochondrial coding regions discovered 31 non-synonymous mutations, and the association study revealed that T7719G in mt DNA t RNA-Lys gene was associated with litter size（p 〈 0.05）,manifesting 0.29 lambs per litter between the G and T carriers. Furthermore, using the mixed linear model, we assayed the potential association of the ovine litter size and haplogroups and multiple-level mtDNA haplotypes,including general haplotypes, assembled haplotypes of electron transport chain contained sequences（H-ETC）,mitochondrial respiratory complex contained sequences（H-MRC） and mitochondrial genes（H-gene, including polypeptide-coding genes, rRNA genes and tRNA genes）. The strategy for assembled mitochondrial haplotypes was proposed for the first time in mtDNA association analyses on economic traits, although none of the significant relations could be concluded（p 〉 0.05）. In addition, the nuclear major gene BMpR1B was significantly correlated with litter size in the flock（p 〈 0.05）, however, did not interact with mtDNA T7719G mutation（p 〉 0.05）.Conclusions： Our results highlight mutations of ovine mitochondrial coding genes, suggesting T7719G in tRNA-Lys gene be a potentially useful marker for selection of sheep litter size.

关键词： Association Haplotype Mitochondria Non-synonymous mutation Reproduction Sheep

Age and outcomes of primary percutaneous intervention for ST elevation myocardial infarction in a tertiary center are we there yet？

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2015年第3期12卷 263-269页

作者： Vinoda Sharma Manivannan Srinivasan dave Smith Morriston Cardiac Center Swansea Wales United Kingdom

Background primary percutaneous intervention （ppCI） is the treatment of choice for ST elevation myocardial infarction （STEMI） but robust evidence in the very elderly is lacking. We compared ppCI outcomes between different age quartiles （quartile I 〈 60 years, quartile 2 〉 60 to 〈 70 years, quartile 3 〉 70 to 〈 80 years, quartile 4 〉 80 years）. Methods Retrospective observational analysis of our Morriston Tertiary Cardiac Center （Abertawe Bro Morgannwg University Health Board） patients from 2005 to 2010 with STEMI who underwent ppCI. Resnlts Of 434 patients, 57 （13%） were in quartile 4 （〉 80 years）. In older age quartiles, patients were less likely to receive a drug eluting stent （DES, p = 0.001） or glycoprotein IlbAIIa inhibitor （GpI, p 〈 0.0001）. Increase in age was associated with reduced time to survival （13-coefficient： -0.192, t： -3,70, 95%CI： --4.91 to -1.50, p 〈 0.0001） as was the presence of cardiogenic shock 03-coefficient： -0.194, t = 3.77, 95%CI： -5.26 to -1.65, p 〈 0.0001）. Use of GpI was associated with increased time to survival （p-coefficient： 0.138, t = 2.82, 95%CI： 1.58-8.58, p = 0.005） but older age quartiles were less likely to receive GpI （p 〈 0.0001）. In-hospital mortality （1.8% quartile 1, 3.6% quartile 2, 10.9% quartile 3 and 12.3% quartile 4, p = 0.002） and 1-year mortality （5.4% quartile 1, 5.5% quartile 2, 16.8% quartile 3 and 24.6% quartile 4, p 〈 0.0001, respectively） was significantly higher in older age quartiles. Conclusions Increased short term and intermediate term mortality is seen in the very elderly after ppCI. Age and cardiogenic shock were prognostic factors. Intervention should not be based on age alone and awareness regarding prognostic factors can help improve management.

关键词： Myocardial infarction primary percutaneous intervention The elderly