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Deep learning neural networks for spatially explicit prediction of flash flood probability

Geoscience Frontiers 2021年第3期12卷 370-383页

作者： Mahdi Panahi Abolfazl Jaafari Ataollah Shirzadi Himan Shahabi Omid Rahmati Ebrahim Omidvar Saro lee Dieu Tien Bui Geoscience Platform Research Division Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources(KIGAM)124Gwahak-ro Yuseong-guDaejeon 34132Republic of Korea Division of Science Education Kangwon National UniversityChuncheon-siGangwon-do 24341Republic of Korea Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands Agricultural ResearchEducationand Extension Organization(AREEO)Tehran 13185-116Iran Department of Rangeland and Watershed Management Faculty of Natural ResourcesUniversity of KurdistanSanandaj 66177-15175Iran Department of Geomorphology Faculty of Natural ResourcesUniversity of KurdistanSanandajIran Kordestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center Agricultural ResearchEducationand Extension Organization(AREEO)SanandajIran Department of Rangeland and Watershed Management Faculty of Natural Resources and Earth SciencesUniversity of KashanKashan 87317-53153Iran Department of Geophysical Exploration Korea University of Science and Technology217 Gajeong-roYuseong-guDaejeon 34113Republic of Korea Institute of Research and Development Duy Tan UniversityDa Nang 550000Viet Nam Department of Zrebar Lake Environmental Research Kurdistan Studies InstituteUniversity of KurdistanSanandajIran

Flood probability maps are essential for a range of applications,including land use planning and developing mitigation strategies and early warning *** study describes the potential application of two architectures of deep learning neural networks,namely convolutional neural networks(CNN)and recurrent neural networks(RNN),for spatially explicit prediction and mapping of flash flood *** develop and validate the predictive models,a geospatial database that contained records for the historical flood events and geo-environmental characteristics of the Golestan Province in northern Iran was *** step-wise weight assessment ratio analysis(SWARA)was employed to investigate the spatial interplay between floods and different influencing *** CNN and RNN models were trained using the SWARA weights and validated using the receiver operating characteristics *** results showed that the CNN model(AUC=0.832,RMSE=0.144)performed slightly better than the RNN model(AUC=0.814,RMSE=0.181)in predicting future ***,these models demonstrated an improved prediction of floods compared to previous studies that used different models in the same study *** study showed that the spatially explicit deep learning neural network models are successful in capturing the heterogeneity of spatial patterns of flood probability in the Golestan Province,and the resulting probability maps can be used for the development of mitigation plans in response to the future *** general policy implication of our study suggests that design,implementation,and verification of flood early warning systems should be directed to approximately 40%of the land area characterized by high and very susceptibility to flooding.

关键词： Spatial modeling Machine learning Convolutional neural networks Recurrent neural networks GIS Iran

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Administration frequency as well as dosage of PTH are associated with development of cortical porosity in ovariectomized rats

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Bone Research 2017年第2期5卷 109-122页

作者： Aya Takakura Ji-Won lee Kyoko Hirano Yukihiro Isogai Toshinori Ishizuya Ryoko Takao-Kawabata Tadahiro Iimura Pharmaceuticals Research Center Asahi Kasei Pharma Corporation Shizuoka Japan Graduate School of Medicine Division of Analytical BioMedicine Ehime University Ehime Japan Division of Bio-Imaging Proteo-Science Center (PROS) Ehime University Ehime Japan Division of Analytical Bio-Medicine Advanced Research Support Center (ADRES) Ehime University Ehime Japan and Artificial Joint Integrated Center Ehime University Hospital Ehime Japan

To investigate whether the administration frequency of parathyroid hormone(PTH) is associated with the development of cortical porosity, this study established 15 dosage regimens of teriparatide [human PTH(1–34), TPTD] with four distinct concentrations and four distinct administration frequencies of TPTD to 16-week-old ovariectomized rats. Our analyses demonstrated that the bone mineral density, mechanical properties, and bone turnover were associated with the total amount of TPTD administered. Our observations further revealed that the cortical porosity was markedly developed as a result of an increased administration frequency with a lower concentration of total TPTD administration in our setting, although the highest concentration also induced cortical porosity. Deconvolution fluorescence tiling imaging on calcein-labeled undecalcified bone sections also demonstrated the development of cortical porosity to be closely associated with the bone site where periosteal bone formation took place. This site-specific cortical porosity involved intracortical bone resorption and an increased number and proximity of osteocytic lacunae,occasionally causing fused lacunae. Taken together, these findings suggested the involvement of local distinctions in the rate of bone growth that may be related to the site-specific mechanical properties in the development of cortical porosity induced by frequent and/or high doses of TPTD.

关键词： frequency Administration PTH

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Increased type III interferons and NK cell functions in SARS-CoV-2-infected children

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2023年第3期8卷 888-890页

作者： Seong Dong Jeong Hoyoung lee Ju Young Chang Seong Yong lee Ji Eun Choi Eunmi Yang Hye Won Jeong Jae-Phil Choi Mi Seon Han Eui-Cheol Shin The Center for Viral Immunology Korea Virus Research InstituteInstitute for Basic Science(IBS)Daejeon 34126Republic of Korea Department of Pediatrics Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center and Seoul National University of College of MedicineSeoul 07061Republic of Korea Division of infectious diseases Seoul Medical CenterSeoul 02053Republic of Korea Department of Internal Medicine Chungbuk National University College of MedicineCheongju 28644Republic of Korea Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology(KAIST)Daejeon 34141Republic of Korea

Dear Editor,Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)infection is more likely to progress to severe disease in the elderly,and the rates of hospitalization for coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)increase with age.1,2 Herein,we comprehensively compared adaptive and innate immune responses between children and adults infected with SARS-CoV-2.

关键词： infected acute respiratory

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Study on single-group dynamics in evacuation considering pre-defined and undeclared leadership

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Journal of Safety Science and Resilience 2023年第1期4卷 52-60页

作者： Wei Xie Dongli Gao Ruifeng Cao Eric Wai Ming lee Richard Kwok Kit Yuen Jingwen Weng Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering City University of Hong KongKowloon TongHong KongChina State Key Laboratory of Fire Science University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China

Grouping is a common phenomenon that occurs *** leader-follower relationship inside groups has often been qualitatively characterized in previous models using simple ***,a general method is lacking to quantitatively explain leadership in an evacuating *** understand the evolution of single-group dynamics throughout an evacuation,we developed an extended social force model integrated with a group force.A series of single-group evacuations from a room were *** information-theoretic method,transfer entropy(TE),was applied to detect predefined and undeclared leadership among *** results showed that the predefined leader was correctly detected by TE,suggesting its capability in measuring leadership based on time series of evacuees’movement information(e.g.,velocity and acceleration).When evacuees were grouped together,TE was higher than when they were *** presented a monotonically increasing cumulative influence curve over the investigated period,whereas followers showed a diminishing *** found that leadership emergence correlated with evacuees’spatial *** individual located in the foremost part of the group was most likely to become a leader of those in the rear,which concurred with the experimental *** observed how a large group split into smaller ones with undeclared leadership during *** observations were quantitatively verified by TE *** study provides novel insights into quantifying leadership and understanding single-group dynamics during evacuations.

关键词： Evacuation Social force model Group behavior Leadership Transfer entropy

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Jeju seaweeds suppress lipopolysaccharide-stimulated proinflammatory response in RAW 264.7 murine macrophages

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2014年第7期4卷 529-537页

作者： Eun-Jin Yang Ji-Young Moon Sang Suk Kim Kyong-Wol Yang Wook Jae lee Nam Ho lee Chang-Gu Hyun Cosmetic Science Center Department of ChemistryJeju National University Jeju Technopark Ara-1-dongJeju-siJeju 690-121.Korea Citrus Research Station National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal ScienceRDAJeju 699-946.Korea Jeju Love Co. Ltd.542-5 Haengwon-ri.Gujwa-eupJeju 695-975.Korea LINC Agency Jeju National University

Objective:To investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of Jeju seaweeds on macrophage RAW264.7 cells under lipopolysaccharide(LPS)***:Ethyl acetate fractions were prepared from five different types of Jeju seaweeds,Dictyopteris divaricata(***),Dictyopteris prolifera(***),Prioutis cornea(***,Grateloupia laceolata(G,lanceolate,and Cralcloupia filicina(***)They were screened for inhibitory effects on proinflammatory mediators and cytokines such as nitric oxide(NO),prostaglandin E,,tumor necrosis factor-a(TNF-a),and interleukin-6(11.-6).Results:Our results revealed that ***,***,***,***,and *** potently inhibited ***-stimulaled NO production(IC_(50),values were 18.0,38.36,38.43,32.81 and 37.14μg/mL,respectively).Consistent with these findings,***,***,***,and *** also reduced the IPS-induced and prostaglandin E,production in a concentration-dependent ***,they suppressed the expression of inducible NO synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 at the protein level in a dose-dependent manner in the RAW264.7 cells,as detennined by western *** addition,the levels of TNF-a and IL-6,released into the medium,were also reduced by ***,***,***,G,lanceolata,and *** in a dose-dependent manner(IC_(50)values for TNF-a were 16.11,28.21,84.27,45.52 and74.75μg/mL,respectively;IC_(50),values for IL-6 were 37.35,80.08,103.28,62.53 and 84.28μg/mL,respectively).The total phlorotannin content was measured by the Folin-Ciocalteu method and expressed as phloroglucinol *** content was 92.0μg/mg for ***,151.8μg/mg for ***,57.2μg/mg for ***,53.0 pg/mg for ***,and 40.2μg/mg for ***:Thus,these findings suggest that Jeju seaweed extracts have potential therapeutic applications for inflammatory responses.

关键词： Nitrie oxide Inlerleukin-6 Prostaglandin E_2 Tumor necrosis factor-α Seaweeds Proinflammatory mediators

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A novel CARD containing splice-isoform of CIITA regulates nitric oxide synthesis in dendritic cells

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Protein & Cell 2010年第3期1卷 291-306页

作者： Dachuan Huang Sylvia Lim Rong Yuan Ray Chua Hong Shi Mah lee Ng Siew Heng Wong Laboratory of Membrane Trafficking and Immunoregulation Department of MicrobiologyImmunology ProgrammeYong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeBlock MD45 Science Drive 2Singapore 117597Republic of Singapore Laboratory of Flavivirology Department of MicrobiologyImmunology ProgrammeYong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeBlock MD45 Science Drive 2Singapore 117597Republic of Singapore

MHC class II expression is controlled mainly at transcriptional level by class II transactivator(CIITA),which is a non-DNA binding coactivator and serves as a master control factor for MHC class II genes ***,we describe the function of a novel splice-isoform of CIITA,DC-expressed caspase inhibitory isoform of CIITA(or DC-CASPIC),and we show that the expression of DCCASPIC in DC is upregulated upon lipopolysaccharides(LPS)***-CASPIC localizes to mitochondria,and protein-protein interaction study demonstrates that DC-CASPIC interacts with caspases and inhibits its activity in ***,DC-CASPIC suppresses caspases-induced degradation of nitric oxide synthase-2(NOS2)and subsequently promotes the synthesis of nitric oxide(NO).NO is an essential regulatory molecule that modulates the capability of DC in stimulating T cell proliferation/activation in vitro;hence,overexpression of DC-CASPIC in DC enhances this ***,our findings reveal that DC-CASPIC is a key molecule that regulates caspases activity and NO synthesis in DC.

关键词： dendritic cells caspase CIITA nitric oxide synthase

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Fast-tracking regenerative medicine for traumatic brain injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第7期15卷 1179-1190页

作者： Brooke Bonsack Matt Heyck Chase Kingsbury Blaise Cozene Nadia Sadanandan Jea-Young lee Cesar V. Borlongan Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair University of South Florida College of Medicine

Traumatic brain injury remains a global health crisis that spans all demographics,yet there exist limited treatment options that may effectively curtail its lingering *** brain injury pathology entails a progression from primary injury to inflammation-mediated secondary cell *** this inflammation as a means of ameliorating the greater symptomology of traumatic brain injury has emerged as an attractive treatment *** this review,we recapitulate and evaluate the important developments relating to regulating traumatic brain injury-induced neuroinflammation,edema,and blood-brain barrier disintegration through pharmacotherapy and stem cell *** these studies of stand-alone treatments have yielded some positive results,more therapeutic outcomes have been documented from the promising area of combined drug and stem cell *** the facilitatory properties of certain pharmaceuticals with the anti-inflammatory and regenerative effects of stem cell transplants creates a synergistic effect greater than the sum of its *** burgeoning evidence in favor of combined drug and stem cell therapies warrants more elaborate preclinical studies on this topic in order to pave the way for later clinical trials.

关键词： clinical trials combined therapy inflammatory cascade neuroinflammation neuroprotection neurotrauma pharmacotherapy preclinical studies secondary cell death stem cells

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Metasurface doublet-integrated bidirectional grating antenna enabling enhanced wavelength-tuned beam steering

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Photonics Research 2022年第1期10卷 248-255页

作者： WOO-BIN lee CHUL-SOON IM CHANGYI ZHOU BISHAL BHANDARI DUK-YONG CHOI SANG-SHIN lee Department of Electronic Engineering Kwangwoon UniversitySeoul 01897Republic of Korea Nano Device Application Center Kwangwoon UniversitySeoul 01897Republic of Korea Laser Physics Centre Research School of PhysicsAustralian National UniversityCanberraACT 2601Australia

We propose and demonstrate an optical phased-array-based bidirectional grating antenna(BDGA) in silicon nitride *** BDGA is integrated with a miniaturized all-dielectric metasurface doublet(MD) formed on a glass *** BDGA device,which takes advantage of alternately feeding light to its ports in opposite directions,is presumed to effectively provide a doubled wavelength-tuned steering efficiency compared to its unidirectional *** MD,which is based on vertically cascaded convex and concave metalenses comprising circular hydrogenated amorphous silicon nanopillars,is meticulously placed atop the BDGA chip to accept and deflect a beam emanating from the emission area,thereby boosting the beam-steering *** manufactured BDGA could achieve an enhanced beam-steering efficiency of 0.148 deg/nm as well as a stable spectral emission response in the wavelength range of 1530–1600 *** deploying a fabricated MD atop the silicon photonic BDGA chip,the steering efficiency was confirmed to be boosted by a factor of ~3.1,reaching 0.461 deg/nm,as intended.

关键词： beam thereby directions

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PETO Interacts with Other Effectors of Cyclic Electron Flow in Chlamydomonas

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Molecular Plant 2016年第4期9卷 558-568页

作者： Hiroko Takahashi Stefan Schmollinger Jae-Hyeok lee Michael Schroda Fabrice Rappaport Francis-Andre Wollman Olivier Vallon Institut de Biologie Physice-Chimique UMR 7141 CNRS-UPMC 13 rue Pet M Curie Paris 75005 France Molecular Biotechnology and Systems Biology University of Kaiserslautem Kaiserlautem 67663 Germany Department of Botany University of British Columbia Vancouver BC V6T1Z4 Canada Present address: Graduate School of Science and Engineering Saitama University 255 Shimo-Okubo Sakura-ku Saitama 33808570 Japan present address: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California Los Angeles CA 90095 USA

While photosynthetic linear electron flow produces both ATP and NADPH, cyclic electron flow （CEF） around photosystem I （PSI） and cytochrome bef generates only ATP. CEF is thus essential to balance the supply of ATP and NADPH for carbon fixation; however, it remains unclear how the system tunes the relative levels of linear and cyclic flow. Here, we show that PETO, a transmembrane thylakoid phosphoprotein specific of green algae, contributes to the stimulation of CEF when cells are placed in anoxia. In oxic conditions, PETO co-fractionates with other thylakoid proteins involved in CEF （ANR1, PGRL1, FNR）. In PETO-knock- down strains, interactions between these CEF proteins are affected. Anoxia triggers a reorganization of the membrane, so that a subpopulation of PSi and cytochrome bsf now co-fractionates with the CEF effectors in sucrose gradients. The absence of PETO impairs this reorganization. Affinity purification identifies ANR1 as a major interactant of PETO. ANR1 contains two ANR domains, which are also found in the N-terminal region of NdhS, the ferredoxin-binding subunit of the plant ferredoxin-plastoquinone oxidoreductase （NDH）. We propose that the ANR domain was co-opted by two unrelated CEF systems （PGR and NDH）, possibly as a sensor of the redox state of the membrane.

关键词： time-resolved spectroscopy chlorophyll fluorescence tridecyl-maltoside sucrose gradient ultracen-trifugation state transition STT7

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Debris Flow in Metropolitan Area - 2011 Seoul Debris Flow

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Journal of Mountain Science 2013年第2期10卷 199-206页

作者： Chan-Young YUNE Yun-Ki CHAE Joongcheol PAIK Gihong KIM Seung-Woo lee Heung-Seok SEO Department of Civil Engineering Gangneung-Wonju National University Department of Civil Engineering Gangneung-Wonju National UniversityGangneungSouth Korea Department of Construction Engineering Gangneung Yeongdong College

A large number of debris flows occurred simultaneously at around 8:30 to 8:50 *** July 27,2011,at the center of Seoul,*** area is located in the southern part of Seoul and is a densely populated *** a result of the debris flow event,16 people were killed,30 houses were buried,and 116 houses were damaged around Umyeon Mountain,a relatively small mountain with a height of 312.6 *** the debris flow event,field investigations on the initiation and transportation zones of debris flows have been carried *** data were collected from the automatic weather stations(AWSs) which are operated by the Korea Meteorological Administration(KMA).Video files recorded by residents were also acquired and used to analyze the flow characteristics of the debris *** investigation shows that about 40 debris flows occurred around Umyeon Mountain and most of the debris flows were initiated by small slope *** effects of the precipitation that triggered the debris flows were analyzed as well.A landslide hazard map which considers slope gradient and aspect,strength of soil,hazard record,rainfall conditions,and vegetation,was constructed and compared with the initiation zones of debris flows.

关键词： Debris flows Field investigation Rainfall Flow characteristics Hazard map

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