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古脊椎动物学报 2007年第4期45卷 278-286页

作者：丁素因孟津李茜王元青童永生 judith A.SCHIEBOUT Paul L.KOCH William C.CLYDE Gabriel J.BOWEN 美国路易斯安那州立大学自然科学博物馆巴吞鲁日la70803 美国自然历史博物馆纽约ny10024 中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所北京100044 美国加利福尼亚大学地球科学系圣克鲁斯ca95064 美国新罕布什尔大学地球科学系达勒姆nh03824 美国犹他大学生物系盐湖城ut84112

奇蹄类和偶蹄类是现代的主要有蹄动物,它们的起源一直是古哺乳动物学界关心的课题。近年来的发现表明,在早始新世奇蹄类出现之前,亚洲已有牙齿形态与奇蹄类相近的有蹄类存在。偶蹄类的情况可能也是如此,这里记述的古新世新村里赣蹄兽就... 详细信息

奇蹄类和偶蹄类是现代的主要有蹄动物,它们的起源一直是古哺乳动物学界关心的课题。近年来的发现表明,在早始新世奇蹄类出现之前,亚洲已有牙齿形态与奇蹄类相近的有蹄类存在。偶蹄类的情况可能也是如此,这里记述的古新世新村里赣蹄兽就是一个明证。新村里赣蹄兽(Ganungulatum xincunliense *** ***.)化石产于江西大余青龙镇新村里附近的晚古新世池江组滥泥坑段,化石地点编号为72035(76)。在同一地点还发现南方古对锥兽Archaeoryctes notialis Zheng,1979和滥泥坑赣脊兽Ganolophus lanikenensis Zhang,1979。赣蹄兽材料为一对不完整的下颌骨,右下颌骨保存i2-3,c和p4-m3,左下颌骨存有p3-m3(IVPP V 14154)。其特征是下齿式为3?·1·4·3;i3与颊齿列平行,i2稍有些斜;犬齿小;p3有初始的跟座,p4三角座明显,跟座小;下臼齿为丘形齿,牙齿由m1向m3增大,三角座前后收缩,下前尖位于舌侧,并靠近下后尖,下后尖较下原尖靠后,m3有一增大的跟座,跟盆向舌侧开放。新村里赣蹄兽下颊齿低冠,呈丘形齿,下臼齿三角座前后收缩和m3下次小尖增大等特征,说明了赣蹄兽与亚洲古新世地层中常见的真兽类,例如(?)兽类、裂齿类、中兽类和全齿类不同,而与Prothero et al.(1988)提出的有蹄类(Ungulata)牙齿相似,表现出与某些有蹄类密切相关。与已知的晚白垩世和古新世有蹄类比较,赣蹄兽与"踝节类"("condylarths")中的豕齿类(hyopsodontids)和眛兽类(mioclaenids)比较相近。但从其下犬齿小,p4相对较大,臼齿化程度高,以及下臼齿下前尖在舌面位置和与下后尖接近等特征来看,赣蹄兽更接近mioclaenids。修仁古亚兽(Palasiodon siurensis)是亚洲仅有的mioclaenid,产于广东南雄盆地下古新统上湖组,但在牙齿形态上容易与这里记述的赣蹄兽区别,古亚兽下颊齿短宽,m3很退化。与其他已知的mioclaenids比较,赣蹄兽在大小上和牙齿形态上与北美Torrejonian的Litaletes disjunctus最接近,两者都有小的匙状的下犬齿,相对臼齿化的p4,下臼齿下前尖向舌侧位移,前、后齿带无或很弱,m3增大。但赣蹄兽明显不同于,***,前者p3更小,更简单,p4下前尖更小,跟座不成盆状,下臼齿下前尖较大,更加舌位,并与下后尖靠近,下后尖在下原尖的后侧,m3下内尖不明显。由此可见,赣蹄兽下颊齿和已知的"踝节类"是可以区别的,但更重要的区别点是在下颌骨的前面部分。在与arctocyonids、hyopsodontids和phenacodontids等"踝节类"对比时,我们发现赣蹄兽和"踝节类"之间的重大差异在于下门齿的排列上。这些"踝节类"的三个下门齿密集地排列在下颌骨的前端,呈圆弧状,与颊齿列斜交,而赣蹄兽的i3与颊齿列平行,i2稍斜。赣蹄兽下门齿的排列形式与早期偶蹄类Diacodexis pakistanensis相似,在亚洲始新世的Gobiohyus robuxtus和Lophiomeryx angarae也有类似的情况。赣蹄兽与Diacodexis、Gobiohyus和Wutuhyus等早期的偶蹄类的相似之处还在于下颌骨形态,较细长,较浅,下颌骨深度向前变浅,下臼齿向后增大,下前尖在舌面位置,下后尖在下原尖的后面,m1-2下次小尖在后缘上,m3下次小尖增大,并形成第三叶。但在p3-4形态上,赣蹄兽与这些早期偶蹄类不同,赣蹄兽明显比早期偶蹄类复杂,即臼齿化程度较高。赣蹄兽保留了像某些"踝节类"(如Litaletes)的p3-4,而它的下门齿排列却与早期偶蹄类相似。赣蹄兽下臼齿形态与早期偶蹄类具有相似性,因而不能归入"踝节目"已知科,很有可能代表与偶蹄类相关的一支古有蹄类。赣蹄兽的发现也为偶蹄类起源打开了新思路。

关键词：中国江西古新世类似偶蹄类的有蹄类

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住在巴伐利亚——慕尼黑风格

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家居主张 2015年第5期 116-129页

作者：木马 Flipe judith 钱晓华魏中华吴天余方克伦

如果要排一个全球宜居城市榜单，慕尼黑一定是位居前列，因为它的啤酒，也因为它的足球，应该再没有什么能吸引更多狂热的投票了，就算仅仅为了这两样东西，恐怕已经有世上一大半的男人愿意把家安在慕尼黑，更何况慕尼黑拥有的远远不止... 详细信息

如果要排一个全球宜居城市榜单，慕尼黑一定是位居前列，因为它的啤酒，也因为它的足球，应该再没有什么能吸引更多狂热的投票了，就算仅仅为了这两样东西，恐怕已经有世上一大半的男人愿意把家安在慕尼黑，更何况慕尼黑拥有的远远不止这么一点点。

关键词：慕尼黑风格宜居城市

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欧洲中世纪史

欧洲中世纪史

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2007年

作者：（美）朱迪斯·m·本内特（judith m.Bennett）（美）C·沃伦·霍利斯特（C.Warren Hollister）杨宁李韵译

《欧洲中世纪史》过去曾经被我们认为是在愚昧的教士主宰之下的“黑暗时代”，“半梦半醒的一千年”。20世纪的史学家们已经终结了这一神话。在当代英语世界，《欧洲中世纪史》是一本准确、权威的中世纪史入门佳作。它以清晰的线索、全... 详细信息

《欧洲中世纪史》过去曾经被我们认为是在愚昧的教士主宰之下的“黑暗时代”，“半梦半醒的一千年”。20世纪的史学家们已经终结了这一神话。在当代英语世界，《欧洲中世纪史》是一本准确、权威的中世纪史入门佳作。它以清晰的线索、全面的描述让读者看到了中世纪的光明与活力。作者将中世纪史析为早期（500—1000）、中期（1000—1300）、晚期（1300～1500）三阶段。在第一阶段，罗马皈依基督教之后，古典文化与基督教文化、日耳曼文化相融合，促成了欧洲的诞生。查理曼大帝一度雄霸西欧。第二阶级是中世纪的盛期，经济起飞……

关键词：欧洲中世纪史

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Consumption of African Indigenous Vegetables Improves Children’s body Fat Free mass in machakos County, Kenya

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Journal of Food Science and Engineering 2019年第8期9卷 305-317页

作者： John Wakhanu Hudson Nyambaka judith Kimiywe mildred Nawiri Wilson m.Thagana Kenyatta University and Department of Education Presbyterian University of East Africa P.O Box 387-00902KikuyuKenya The Department of Chemistry Kenyatta UniversityP.O Box 43844NairobiKenya The Department of Food Nutrition and DieteticsKenyatta UniversityP.O Box 43844NairobiKenya The Department of Chemistry Kenyatta University P.O Box 43844NairobiKenya The Department of Agriculture Science and TechnologyKenyatta University-Kitui CampusP.O Box 43844NairobiKenya

School gardens growing African Indigenous Leafy Vegetables(AILVs)(Amaranthus cruentus and Vigna unguiculata)were established in Kangundo and Kilalani primary schools in machakos County,Kenya and children aged 6-10 years(Kangundo,N=66,Kilalani,N=46)that met the inclusion criteria participated as study *** were two phases,I(13 weeks)and II(12 weeks)with 4 weeks in between to enable crossover of the school as either experimental or *** were grown in gardens of the experimental *** subjects in the experimental group were fed on the AILVs recipe with an accompaniment of a mixture of cooked maize and beans once a day,5 days a week per *** control group fed only on the *** mass Index(BmI)was determined and a prescribed dose of deuterium oxide was administered and deuterium enrichment determined by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometry for%Fat Free mass(FFm)in children’s saliva at baseline and *** Zn and Fe levels were analyzed by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy at baseline and *** analysis in both phase Ⅰ and Ⅱ showed the%FFm,mean serum Fe and Zn were significantly higher(pmental ***-based intervention through vegetable garden establishments has potential to eradicate malnutrition among school-going children in ***,finding by previous studies that DDIm is more accurate in determining nutrition intervention outcomes in children than BmI is supported.

关键词： School gardens body composition vegetable recipes malnutrition

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Neisseria meningitis serogroup X outbreak in Burkina Faso,2009-2010

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Open Journal of Internal medicine 2012年第2期2卷 41-49页

作者： Seydou Yaro Aly Drabo Soumeya Ouangraoua Fati Kirakoya-Samadoulougou judith mueller Oumar Sanou Haoua Tall Phillip Jaillard Berthe-marie Njanpop-Lafourcade Jean macq Annie Robert Jean Bosco Ouedraogo Centre muraz Bobo-DioulassoBurkina Faso Pole Epidémiologie et Biostatistique Institut de Recherche Experimentale et Clinique(IREC)Faculte de Sante Publique(FSP)Universite Catholique de Louvain(UCL)LouvainBelgique Agence de médecine Préventive(AmP) ParisFrance Institut de Recherche Sante et Societe(IRSS) Faculte de Sante Publique(FSP)Universite Catholique de Louvain(UCL)LouvainBelgique

Background: Centre mURAZ of Bobo-Dioulasso (Burkina Faso) organized in 2009 and 2010 a system of Cerobro-Spinal Fluid (CSF) collection in eight pilot Districts as an initial step for the future ministry of Health’s led strategy of individual surveillance in a context of meningococcal conjugate A vaccine introduction. methods: CSF samples were analyzed with Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). This allowed for meningitis etiologies dynamics studies in the pilot Districts. Results: Because of geographical difficulties and lack of means, less than 40% of suspected cases had their CSF analyzed at PCR reference laboratory. In 2009, among confirmed cases at reference laboratory, Sp (Streptococcus pneumonia), NmA (Neisseria meningitis A) and Hib (Hemophilus influenzae b) were responsible respectively for 90%, 6.6% and 4.4% of cases. In 2010, serogroup distribution among confirmed cases was: Sp 62.7%, NmX 32.2% and NmA 5.1%. Sp which was continuously present in Burkina Faso takes more significant proportions, just as serogroup X which until there was sporadically encountered. The attack rates of NmX were tree to twelve times higher than for NmA in the two Districts where NmX has been notified. Conclusion: As a consequence of such results, efforts must be maintained in epidemiologic surveillance field and in reinforcement of laboratory capacities. Fast care should be guaranteed to patients with adequate antibiotics according to country national guideline and chemoprophylaxis measures should be undertaken among contacts of patients to prevent secondary cases. A plea must be made on one hand for pneumococcal vaccine introduction in Burkina Faso and on other hand towards manufacturers for taking into account serogroup X into meningococcal polyvalent vaccine composition. With this polyvalent vaccine including serougruop X, we suggested to conduct periodically mass campaign vaccination of people before the beginning of meningitis epidemiological season.

关键词： Epidemiologic Surveillance Pneumococcal NmX Emergence meningitis Burkina Faso

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Antifertility Effects of Aqueous Roots Extract of <i>Alchornea cordifolia</i>(Euphorbiaceae) on Female Albino Rats

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2014年第8期5卷 838-845页

作者： Dieudonne massoma Lembè Larice E. Njoh Njoh Emma F. Bend Brice L. Koloko Pierre C. Oundoum Oundoum marie I. Ngaha Njila Hubert Kenmogne Cyprien m. Hambe marie C. Tchamadeu judith Domkam Theophile Dimo Gustavo F. Gonzales Department of Animal Biology and Physiology Faculty of Science University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroon Department of Animal Sciences Faculty of Science University of Douala Douala Cameroon Laboratory of Endocrinology and Reproduction Faculty of Sciences and Philosophy Alberto Cazorla Talleri Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia Lima Peru

Aqueous roots extract of Alchornea cordifolia was studied to evaluate its traditional antifertility claim. Antifertility effect of Alchornea cordifolia was evaluated according to the stages of pregnancy of female rats. In the first stage, forty female rats were randomly divided into four groups (10 rats/group) and respectively treated with 1 ml distilled water (control), 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight (BW) per day of Alchornea cordifolia. After laparotomy and at parturition, sites of implantation and resorption on the uterine horns were determined. The ovaries and uterus were collected and weighed. Blood samples were collected for hormonal assay. In the second and third stage of pregnancy, treatment schedule and antifertility parameters were assessed as above for the first stage. Treated groups received daily 400 mg/kg bw of extract of Alchornea cordifolia while Control group received distilled water. It was observed in the first stage of pregnancy that, the number of resorption sites significantly (p mg/kg. No implantation site was observed at dose 400 mg/kg after laparotomy as well as the number of pups at parturition at all doses. The body weight of ovaries and uterine horns at dose 400 mg/kg significantly (p mpared to the control. The extract dose dependently decreased significantly the concentrations of serum progesterone. In the second stage of pregnancy after laparotomy and at parturition, the number of live fetus and the survival ratio significantly (p mals. In the third stage of pregnancy, the extract caused an early parturition associated with a decreased number of live fetus and the survival ratio with p The results indicate that aqueous roots extract of Alchornea cordifolia could induce inhibitory effects on reproductive functions in female albino rats.

关键词： Implantation Embryo Development Abortion Hormone Level

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Interferon-free treatments in patients with hepatitis C genotype 1-4 infections in a real-world setting

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology and Therapeutics 2017年第2期8卷 137-146页

作者： Huascar Ramos Pedro Linares Ester Badia Isabel martín judith Gómez Carolina Almohalla Francisco Jorquera Sara Calvo Isidro García Pilar Conde Begona álvarez Guillermo Karpman Sara Lorenzo Visitación Gozalo mónica Vásquez Diana Joao marina de Benito Lourdes Ruiz Felipe Jiménez Federico Sáez-Royuela 无 Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Hospital Universitario de Burgos Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Complejo Asistencial Universitario de León Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Hospital Universitario de Salamanca Department of Hepatology Hospital Universitario Rio Hortega CIBERehd IBIOmED Fundación Burgos por la Investigación de la Salud Hospital Universitario de Burgos Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Complejo Asistencial de Palencia Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Complejo Asistencial de Zamora Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Hospital El Bierzo Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Hospital Santos Reyes Asociación Castellano y Leonesa de Hepatología(ACyLHE)

AIm To investigated the real-world effectiveness and safety of various regimens of interferon-free treatments in patients infected with hepatitis C virus(HCV).mETHODS We performed an observational study to analyze different antiviral treatments administered to 462 HCV-infected patients, of which 56.7% had liver cirrhosis. HCV RNA after 4 wk of treatment and at 12 wk after treatment sustained virologic response(SVR) as well as serious adverse events(SAEs) was analyzed first for the whole cohort and then separately in patients who met or did not meet the inclusion criteria of a clinical trial(CT-met and CT-unmet, respectively).RESULTS The most frequently prescribed treatment was simeprevir/sofosbuvir(36.4%), followed by sofosbuvir/ledipasvir(24.9%) and ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir(r)/dasabuvir(19.9%). Ribavirin(RBV) was administered in 198 patients(42.9%). SVRs occurred in 437/462 patients(94.6%). The SVRs ranged between 93.3% and 100% for genotypes 1-4. SVRs were achieved in 96.2% patients in the CTmet group vs 91.9% patients in the CT-unmet group(P = 0.049). Undetectable HCV RNA at week 4 occurred in 72.9% of the patients. In the univariate analysis, the factors associated with SVRs were lower liver stiffness, absence of cirrhosis, higher platelet count, higher albumin levels, no RBV dose reduction, undetectable HCV RNA at week 4 and CT-met group. In the multivariate analysis, only albumin was an independent predictor of treatment failure(P = 0.04). Eleven patients(2.4%) developed SAEs; 5.2% and 0.7% of the patients in the CT-unmet and CT-met groups, respectively(P = 0.003).CONCLUSION A high proportion of patients with HCV infection achieved SVRs. For patients who did not meet the CT criteria, treatment regimens must be optimized.

关键词： Hepatitis C virus infection Genotype 1-4 Real world treatment Direct-acting antiviral agents

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Flora and Vegetation Associated with <i>Dichromanthus cinnabarinus</i>(La Llave &Lex.) Garay (Orchidaceae, Spiranthinae) in Northeastern mexico

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Natural Science 2020年第8期12卷 599-619页

作者： Elba Zarahy Garay-martínez Jacinto Treviño-Carreón Tania judith Hernández-López Juana maría Coronado-Blanco Claudia C. Astudillo Sánchez Leroy Soria-Díaz Arturo mora Olivo Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias Centro Universitario Adolfo López Mateos Ciudad Victoria Ciudad Victoria México Instituto de Ecología Aplicada Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas División del Golfo Col. Libertad Ciudad Victoria Tamaulipas México

Studies conducted in northeastern mexico have not provided information on the flora and vegetation associated with Dichromanthus cinnabarinus. Therefore, it is necessary to study the areas where this orchid is distrib... 详细信息

Studies conducted in northeastern Mexico have not provided information on the flora and vegetation associated with Dichromanthus cinnabarinus. Therefore, it is necessary to study the areas where this orchid is distributed to understand the plant vegetation interaction. Research questions: What plant species are associated with Dichromanthus cinnabarinus? What is the degree of similarity among the plant communities with which Dichromanthus cinnabarinus is associated? Study site: Northeastern Mexico, comprehending the states of Coahuila, Nuevo Leon and Tamaulipas. Methods: The study sites were selected consider-ing the presence of Dichromanthus cinnabarinus. Regarding the study of the plant struc-ture, the tree, shrub, and herbaceous strata were obtained by the methodology of quad-rants. Data were collected in April and August 2017. The results were analyzed using the Importance Value Index (IVI) for each stratum present and a Parsimony Analysis of En-demicity (PAE) for the plant communities. Results: In the study area, a total of 33 families, 60 genera and 69 species were registered. The representative families are Asteraceae with eight species, Asparagaceae with six, Fabaceae with five, followed by Cactaceae, Poaceae and Roasaceae with four species each. Regarding endemic species, a total of 11 species distributed in nine genera were registered in the study sites. Conclusions: In northeastern Mexico, Dichromanthus cinnabarinus is found associated with Aristida adscensionis L., Agave lechuguilla Torr. Bouteloua sp., Euphorbia antisyphilitica Zucc., Agave striata var. striata (Salm-Dyck) and Rhus virens Lindh. ex A. Gray. Moreover, Dichromanthus cin-nabarinus is observed in some sites with contrasting flora, according to the resulting list of endemic species. It is important to establish priority areas for wildlife conservation in northeastern Mexico.

关键词： Northeastern mexico Flora Vegetation Endemism

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秦始皇兵马俑博物馆室内含硫颗粒物的SEm-EDX研究

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中国科学院研究生院学报 2007年第5期24卷 564-570页

作者：胡塔峰曹军骥李旭祥董俊刚沈振兴 Shun-Cheng Lee judith C.Chow John G.Watson 容波西安交通大学环境科学与工程系西安710049 中国科学院地球环境研究所西安710075 香港理工大学土木与结构工程系美国沙漠研究所大气科学部秦始皇兵马俑博物馆西安710054

对秦始皇兵马俑博物馆室内采集的长短期降尘、大气悬浮颗粒物和彩绘漆层进行了SEm—EDX研究，在大气悬浮颗粒、短期和’长期降尘中，含硫颗粒的粒径分别为0．9～22．8μm、1．0～29．0μm和1．2～37．7μm，多为石膏与粘土或石英以内部... 详细信息

对秦始皇兵马俑博物馆室内采集的长短期降尘、大气悬浮颗粒物和彩绘漆层进行了SEm—EDX研究，在大气悬浮颗粒、短期和’长期降尘中，含硫颗粒的粒径分别为0．9～22．8μm、1．0～29．0μm和1．2～37．7μm，多为石膏与粘土或石英以内部混合的状态存在．降尘中附着型絮状硫酸钙的比例多于大气悬浮颗粒物，显示降尘和大气中二氧化硫发生了累进化学反应．在彩绘漆层表面的坑和裂隙附近观察到原位生长的硫酸钙晶体，显示漆层材料或降尘颗粒物与大气二氧化硫之间的酸化学反应，可能是彩绘漆层表面受侵蚀形成微小坑和裂隙的原因之一．

关键词：秦始皇兵马俑博物馆室内颗粒物含硫颗粒 SEm-EDX

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乳清蛋白对于2型糖尿病患者胃排空速率,血糖水平及肠促胰素分泌的影响

乳清蛋白对于2型糖尿病患者胃排空速率,血糖水平及肠促胰素分泌的...

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中华医学会第十一次全国内分泌学学术会议

作者：麻静 David R Jesudason Antonietta Russo,Julie E Stevens Jennifer Keogh judith m Wishart Karen L Jones Peter m Clifton michael Horowitz Christopher K Rayner 上海市仁济医院 Centre of Clinical Research Excellence in Nutritional Physiology Interventions and OutcomesUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideAustralia Endocrine & metabolic Unit Royal Adelaide HospitalAdelaideAustralia

目的:进食高碳水化合物之前,单次给予2型糖尿病患者少量的乳清蛋白可减慢胃排空速率,刺激肠促胰素分泌从而降低餐后血糖水平。然而长期乳清蛋白摄入是否会造成小肠对于胃排空速率的反馈抑制及肠促胰素的分泌发生适应性的改变尚不清楚。...

目的:进食高碳水化合物之前,单次给予2型糖尿病患者少量的乳清蛋白可减慢胃排空速率,刺激肠促胰素分泌从而降低餐后血糖水平。然而长期乳清蛋白摄入是否会造成小肠对于胃排空速率的反馈抑制及肠促胰素的分泌发生适应性的改变尚不清楚。此项研究目的在于评价2型糖尿病患者口服小量乳清蛋白4周对于胃排空速率,血糖水平及肠促胰素的分泌的影响。

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