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Electrostatic and Magnetostatic Forces That Arise from Electrostatic and Magnetostatic Pressures

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Journal of Electromagnetic Analysis and Applications 2019年第3期11卷 25-40页

作者： josé-Luis jiménez-Ramírez Ignacio Campos-Flores josé-Antonio-Eduardo Roa-Neri Departamento de Física Facultad de Ciencias Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México CDMX México área de Física Teórica y Materia Condensada División de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Unidad Azcapotzalco México D. F. México

With the insight provided by a balance equation of electromagnetic momentum, we compare the force on a dielectric slab inside a capacitor with the force on a magnetizable rod inside a solenoid. We conclude that these forces are not exactly analogous, as usually thought. We present a device that is a proper analogy of the case of a dielectric slab inside a capacitor. Our analysis shows the significance of the electrostatic and magnetostatic pressures to the understanding of these effects and shows the conceptual differences between both cases.

关键词： Polarizable Electric and Magnetic Media Electric and Magnetic Pressures Electromagnetic Force Densities Macroscopic Maxwell Equations Balance Equations of Electromagnetic Momentum

Tropical tree community composition and diversity variation along a volcanic elevation gradient

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Journal of Mountain Science 2022年第12期19卷 3475-3486页

作者： Ruben MARTInez-CAMILO Manuel MARTInez-MELENDEZ Nayely MARTInez-MIELENDEZ Derio Antonio jimEnez-LOPEZ Mauricio josE-RIOS Unidad Villa Corzo Facultad de IngenieríaUniversidad de Ciencias y Artes de Chiapas30520 Villa CorzoChiapasMexico Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas Universidad de Ciencias y Artes de Chiapas29039 Tuxtla GutiérrezChiapasMexico Eizia A.C. 29045 Tuxtla GutiérrezChiapasMexico Departamento de Conservación de la Biodiversidad El Colegio de la Frontera Sur29290 San Cristóbal de las CasasChiapasMexico Orquidiario y Jardín Botánico de Comitán Secretaría de Medio Ambiente e Historia Natural30106 Comitán de DomínguezChiapasMexico Instituto de Investigación en Gestión de Riesgos y Cambio Climático Universidad de Ciencias y Artes de Chiapas29039 Tuxtla GutiérrezChiapasMexico

Unraveling the factors that determine variation of diversity in tropical mountain systems is a topic for debate in plant *** is especially true in areas where topography is complex due to volcano elevational gradients and where forests are vulnerable to human *** this study we used a set of climatic(temperature,rainfall,and radiation solar),topographic(elevation,slope aspect,and slope orientation)and human disturbance variables to determine their effect on diversity and composition patterns of a tree community,considering three slope aspects of a tropical volcano in southeastern *** sampled trees in seventy 0.1-ha plots distributed on three slope aspects of the Tacanávolcano along an elevational gradient of 1500 to 2500 *** determined diversity patterns(general tree richness,exponential of Shannon index,and pioneer species richness)with linear regression models,and for beta diversity,we used a dissimilarity index(within and between elevational bands 100 m wide).The effect of a set of environmental and human disturbance variables on tree diversity and community composition was analyzed with general linear models and multivariate analyses,*** registered 2,949 individual trees belonging to 176 species and *** average species richness and alpha diversity per plot were 13(standard deviation±6)and 9(±5),*** tree richness and alpha diversity increased in the middle part(unimodal patterns)of the elevational gradient,but pioneer species richness decreased linearly with *** variance explained by general linear models was greater in richness(32%)than in alpha diversity(25.3%).The most important predictor variables were temperature(elevational gradient),which explained the unimodal pattern(richness and alpha diversity increase at intermediate levels of temperature),and slope orientation,which explained the increase in richness and alpha diversity toward the geographic *** temperature had a signific

关键词： Composition Environmental gradient Tree diversity patterns Tropical humid cloud forest Tropical volcanoes

T-cell allorecognition of donor glutathione S-transferase T1 in plasma cell-rich rejection

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World Journal of Hepatology 2017年第27期9卷 1115-1124页

作者： María josé Martínez-Bravo Berta Sánchez josé Manuel Sousa María josé Acevedo Miguel Angel Gómez-Bravo Antonio Núnez-Roldán Isabel Aguilera Immunology Service Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla Digestive Diseases Service Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío Liver Transplant Unit Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío

AIM To investigate the role of glutathione S-transferase T1 donor-specific T lymphocytes in plasma cell-rich rejection of liver *** The study group included 22 liver transplant patients. Among them, 18 patients were mismatched for the glutathione S-transferase T1(GSTT1) alleles(don+/rec-), and 4 were matched(don+/rec+). Seven of the mismatched patients produced anti-GSTT1 antibodies and developed plasma cell-rich rejection(former de novo immune hepatitis). For the detection of specific Tlymphocytes, peripheral blood mononuclear cells were collected and stored in liquid nitrogen. The memory T cell response was studied by adding to the cell cultures to a mix of 39 custom-made, 15-mer overlapping peptides, which covered the entire GSTT1 amino acid sequence. The specific cellular response to peptides was analyzed by flow cytometry using the markers CD8, CD4, IL-4 and IFNγ.RESULTS Activation of CD8^+ T cells with different peptides was observed exclusively in the group of patients with plasma-cell rich rejection(3 out of 7), with production of IL-4 and/or IFNγ at a rate of 1%-4.92% depending on the peptides. The CD4^+ response was most common and not exclusive for patients with the disease, where 5 out of 7 showed percentages of activated cells from 1.24% to 31.34%. Additionally, two patients without the disease but with the mismatch had cells that became stimulated with some peptides(1.45%-5.18%). Highly unexpected was the finding of a double positive CD4^+CD8^(low) T cell population that showed the highest degree of activation with some of the peptides in 7 patients with the mismatch, in 4 patients with plasma cell-rich rejection and in 3 patients without the disease. Unfortunately, CD4^+CD8^(low) cells represent 1% of the total number of lymphocytes, and stimulation could not be analyzed in 9 patients due to the low number of gated cells. Cells from the 4 patients included as controls did not show activation with any of the peptides. CONCLUSION Patients

关键词： Donor-specific glutathione S-transferase T1 antibodies Indirect presentation Glutathione S-transferase T1-memory T cells De novo immune hepatitis Donor/recipient mismatch

Post-acute pancreatitis diabetes:A complication waiting for more recognition and understanding

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第28期29卷 4405-4415页

作者： Diego García-Compeán Alan R jiménez-Rodríguez Juan M Muñoz-Ayala josé A González-González Héctor J Maldonado-Garza Jesús Z Villarreal-Pérez Department of Gastroenterology Autonomous University of Nuevo LeónMonterrey 64700Nuevo LeónMexico Department of Endocrinology Autonomous University of Nuevo LeónMonterrey 64700Nuevo LeónMexico

Post-acute pancreatitis diabetes(PAPD)is the second most common type of diabetes below type 2 diabetes *** to the boom in research on this entity carried out during the last decade,its recognition has ***,much of the medical community still does not recognize it as a medium and long-term complication of acute pancreatitis(AP).Recent prospective cohort studies show that its incidence is about 23%globally and 34.5%in patients with severe *** the overall increase in the incidence of AP this complication will be certainly seen more *** to its high morbidity,mortality and difficult control,early detection and treatment are ***,its risk factors and pathophysiological mechanisms are not clearly *** diagnosis should be made excluding pre-existing diabetes and applying the criteria of the American Diabetes Association after 90 d of resolution of one or more AP *** review will show the evidence published so far on the incidence and prevalence,risk factors,possible pathophysiological mechanisms,clinical outcomes,clinical characteristics and preventive and corrective management of *** important gaps needing to be clarified in forthcoming studies will also be discussed.

关键词： Acute pancreatitis Diabetes mellitus Chronic pancreatitis Post-pancreatitis diabetes Pancreatogenic diabetes

In vivo testing of mucus-permeating nanoparticles for oral insulin delivery using Caenorhabditis elegans as a model under hyperglycemic conditions

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2021年第4期11卷 989-1002页

作者： Ana LMartínez-López Carlos JGonzález-Navarro Paula Aranaz joséLVizmanos Juan MIrache NANO-VAC Research Group Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical TechnologySchool of Pharmacy and NutritionUniversity of NavarraPamplona 31080Spain Center for Nutrition Research School of Pharmacy and NutritionUniversity of NavarraPamplona 31080Spain Department of Biochemistry&Genetics School of ScienceUniversity of NavarraPamplona 31080Spain Navarra Institute for Health Research(IdiSNA) Pamplona 31080Spain

The aim was to evaluate the potential of mucus-permeating nanoparticles for the oral administration of *** nanocarriers,based on the coating of zein nanoparticles with a polymer conjugate containing PEG,displayed a size of 260 nm with a negative surface charge and an insulin payload of 77 mg/*** intestinal pig mucus,the diffusivity of these nanoparticles(PPA-NPs)was found to be 20-fold higher than bare nanoparticles(NPs).These results were in line with the biodistribution study in rats,in which NPs remained trapped in the mucus,whereas PPA-NPs were able to cross this layer and reach the epithelium *** therapeutic effcacy was evaluated in Caenorhabditis elegans grown under high glucose *** this model,worms treated with insulin-loaded in PPA-NPs displayed a longer lifespan than those treated with insulin free or nanoencapsulated in *** finding was associated with a signifcant reduction in the formation of reactive oxygen species(ROS)as well as an important decrease in the glucose and fat content in *** effects would be related with the mucus-permeating ability of PPA-NPs that would facilitate the passage through the intestinal peritrophic-like dense layer of worms(similar to mucus)and,thus,the absorption of insulin.

关键词： Nanoparticles Oral delivery Mucus-permeating Biodistribution Insulin Caenorhabditis elegans ROS

Protective effect of some vitamins against the toxic action of ethanol on liver regeneration induced by partial hepatectomy in rats

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第6期14卷 899-907页

作者： Carlett Ramírez-Farías Eduardo Madrigal-Santillán josé Gutiérrez-Salinas Nidia Rodríguez-Sánchez Maricela Martínez-Cruz Ilse Valle-Jones Ingrid Gramlich-Martínez Alejandra Hernández-Ceruelos josé A Morales-González Unidad de Genética de la Nutrición Instituto Nacional de Pediatría México Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo México Laboratorio de Bioquímica y Medicina Experimental Unidad de Investigación Biomédica División de Investigación Centro Médico Nacional "20 de Noviembre" ISSSTE México Gatorade Sports Science Institute Mexico City México Escuela de Dietética y Nutrición ISSSTE México University of Ryerson Toronto

AIM: To investigate the effects of vitamins (A, C and E) on liver injury induced by ethanol administration during liver regeneration in rats. METHODS: Male Wistar rats subjected to 70% partial hepatectomy were divided into five groups (groups 1-5). During the experiment, animals of Group 1 drank only water. The other four groups (2-5) drank 30 mL of ethanol/L of water. Group 3 additionally received vitamin A, those of group 4 vitamin C and those of group 5 received vitamin E. Subsequently serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), albumin and bilirubin were measured colorimetrically. Lipid peroxidation (thiobarbituric-acid reactive substances, TBARS) both in plasma and liver was measured, as well as liver mass gain assessment and total DNA. RESULTS: Compared with sham group, serum AST and ALT increased significantly under ethanol treatment (43% and 93%, respectively, with P < 0.05). Vitamin C and vitamin E treatment attenuated the ethanol-induced increases in ALT and AST activity. Ethanol treatment also decreased serum albumin concentration compared to sham group (3.1 ± 0.4 g/dL vs 4.5 ± 0.2 g/dL; P < 0.05). During liver regeneration vitamins C and E significantly ameliorated liver injury for ethanol administration in hepatic lipid peroxidation (4.92 nmol/mg and 4.25 nmol/mg vs 14.78 nmol/mg, respectively, with P < 0.05). In association with hepatic injury, ethanol administration caused a significant increase in both hepatic and plasma lipid peroxidation. Vitamins (C and E) treatment attenuated hepatic and plasma lipid peroxidation. CONCLUSION: Vitamins C and E protect against liver injury and dysfunction, attenuate lipid peroxidation, and thus appear to be significantly more effective than vitamin A against ethanol-mediated toxic effects during liver regeneration.

关键词： Lipid peroxidation Antioxidant vitamins Alcohol-induced liver injury Liver regeneration

Incidence of cystoid macular edema after Descemet's stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2017年第7期10卷 1081-1087页

作者： Eduard Pedemonte-Sarrias Toni Salvador Playà Irene Sassot Cladera Oscar Gris Joan Ribas Martínez josé García-Arumí Núria Giménez Ophthalmology Department Hospital Universitari Mútua TerrassaFundació Docència i Recerca Mútua TerrassaUniversitat de Barcelona Ophthalmology Department Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i PujolHealth Sciences Research Institute Germans Trias i Pujol Foundation Surgery Department Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Instituto de Microcirugía Ocular (IMO) Ophthalmology Department Hospital Sant Antoni Abat Ophthalmology Department Hospital Universitari Vall d’HebronUniversitat Autònoma de Barcelona Research Unit Fundació Docència i Recerca Mútua TerrassaUniversitat de Barcelona Laboratory of Toxicology Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona

AIM： To determine the incidence of cystoid macular edema（CME） after Descemet＇s stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty（DSAEK）.METHODS： This study included all consecutive patients operated in a Spanish tertiary reference hospital over a period of four years. A total of 55 eyes from 47 patients matched the selection criteria. CME was diagnosed clinically at the slit-lamp and confirmed by optical coherence tomography. RESULTS： Six cases of CME were diagnosed postoperatively, which represented an incidence of 11%. Three patients had previously undergone DSAEK alone（7%; 3/41） and the other three, DSAEK combined with phacoemulsification（21%; 3/14）. Five out of six patients with CME responded to standard ***： CME is a possible complication after DSAEK and can be treated with standard therapy. CME appears more frequently when DSAEK is combined with phacoemulsification and posterior chamber（PC） intraocular lens（IOL） implantation. Intraoperative damage to the corneal endothelial cells might play a role in the pathogenesis of CME. As long as the causes remain unclear, we recommend administering prophylaxis when risk factors are present or when combined surgery is planned.

关键词： Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty combined with phacoemulsification Descemet stripping endothelial keratoplasty macular edema postoperative complications

Riverside Market Project,San Isidro de Heredia,Costa Rica

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2018年第2期12卷 139-149页

作者： Julio jiménez JUSA-Total Project Care Architect/EngineerCosta Rica

During 2011 a client came seeking assistance for the development of a roadside property located on the main highway to the Caribbean Coast from Costa Rica’s capital San josé;he had in mind a barbecue restaurant for truckers and road users,but was challenged to ponder on pursuing a truly sustainable and inclusive approach for his project.A living and evolving micro-urban system inspired in permaculture was *** the initial conversations,the owner went on to study sustainable production practices,bio-intensive agriculture,wood construction and related *** came back on 2013 and the first phase was finally built in *** all was to start as a small roadside café,with the eventual establishment of an organic *** portions of old walls and floors remaining on site,as fragments of a formerly burned down building,were salvaged/recycled and utilized in combination with new light wood structures,minimally touching the ground yet maximizing space quality and *** small cafe quickly turned into a lively and successful brick-oven pizza place and gastro-pub with current plans to expand into the diversified organic marketplace once *** sustainable building features include the salvaging of existing structures and floors,the use of reforestation wood(teak,melina)processed on site,and the implementation of passive tropical design *** project has its own organic orchard and composting systems and priority is given to locally sourced produce and *** energy expenditure is minimized by traditional wood cooking *** venue has positively influenced and contributed to the local community and the sustainable/organic culture of our small green *** all combines together to create a business model based on sustenance,learning and information exchange,adding up to much more than the sum of its parts.

关键词： Low carbon adaptive passive tropical micro-urbanism

Activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in abdominal aortic aneurysm:A potential therapeutic opportunity?

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Genes & Diseases 2023年第3期10卷 639-642页

作者： Lídia Puertas-Umbert Saray Varona Carme Ballester-Servera Judith Alonso Silvia Aguiló Mar Orriols Ernesto Martínez-Martínez Antonio Rodríguez-Sinovas joséMartínez-González Cristina Rodríguez Institut de Recerca Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau(IRHSCSP) Barcelona 08025Spain Instituto de Investigación Biomédica Sant Pau Barcelona 08036Spain CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares ISCIIIMadrid 28029Spain Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Barcelona-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas(IIBB-CSIC) Barcelona 08036Spain Facultad de Medicina Universidad Complutense de MadridInstituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio MarañónMadrid 28040Spain Cardiovascular Diseases Research Group Vall d’Hebron Institut de RecercaVall d’Hebron Hospital UniversitariVall d’Hebron Barcelona Hospital CampusBarcelona 08035Spain

Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a common degenerative vascular disease with a prevalence up to 8% in males over 60 years of age.1 This is a complex disorder characterized by permanent and focal dilation of abdominal aorta that exceeds at least 50% of the normal diameter. In these patients, the aortic diameter progressively expands boosted by smoking and aging as major risk factors. Unfortunately, aneurysm growth increases the risk of aortic rupture, a life-threatening emergency that carries a mortality rate of 80%. Despite the increasing effort of the scientific community to identify therapeutic strategies for AAA, there are currently no pharmacological tools that ameliorate aneurysm expansion, while the underlying mechanisms involved in this disease are not completely understood.

关键词： aneurysm aortic therapeutic