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Antegrade bowel intussusception after remote Whipple and Puestow procedures for treatment of pancreas divisum

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第44期13卷 5954-5956页

作者： Manuel Gigena Hugo v villar Negar G Knowles john T Cunningham Erik K Outwater Luis R Leon Jr University of Arizona Health Science Center and Southern Arizona Veteran Affairs Health Care System Surgery Section Tucson AZ 85723 United States

To date, antegrade intussusception involving a Roux-en-Y reconstruction has been reported only once. We report a case of acute bowel obstruction due to an intussusception involving two Roux-en-Y limbs in a 40-year-old woman with a history of chronic pancreatitis due to pancreas divisum. Four years preceding this event, the patient had undergone a Whipple procedure, and three years prior to that, a Puestow operation. The patient was successfully treated with bowel resection and a side-to-side anastomosis between the most distal aspect of the bowel and the most distal Roux-en-Y reconstruction, which preserved both Roux-en-Y reconstructions.

关键词： Whipple procedure Puestow procedure Pancreas divisum Intussusception Bowel obstruction

The effects of dietary supplementation with mushroom or selenium enriched mushroom powders on the growth performance and intestinal health of post-weaned pigs

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2023年第3期14卷 1167-1181页

作者： Alison Dowley Torres Sweeney Eadaoin Conway Stafford vigors Marion T.Ryan Supriya Yadav Jude Wilson john v.O’Doherty School of Agriculture and Food Science University College DublinBelfieldDublin 4Ireland School of veterinary Medicine University College DublinBelfieldDublin 4Ireland Mbio Monaghan Mushroom GroupTyhollandCo.MonaghanIreland

Background There is an urgent need to identify natural bioactive compounds that can enhance gastrointestinal health and promote pig growth performance in the absence of pharmacological levels of zinc oxide(ZnO).The objectives of this study were to:1)compare the effects of mushroom powder supplemented with inorganic selenium(inSeMP)to mushroom powder enriched with organic selenium(orgSeMP)to pharmacological levels of ZnO on growth performance and faecal scores(FS)for the first 21 d post-weaning(Period 1);and 2)compare the molecular and microbial effects of inSeMP and orgSeMP in these pigs on d 39 post-weaning(Period 2).Methods In Period 1,pigs(3 pigs/pen;8 pens/treatment)were assigned to:(1)basal diet(control);(2)basal diet+zinc oxide(ZnO)(3100 mg/kg d 1–14,1550 mg/kg d 15–21);(3)basal diet+mushroom powder supplemented with inorganic selenium(inSeMP)containing selenium(selenite)content of 0.3 mg/kg feed;(4)basal diet+mushroom powder enriched with organic selenium(orgSeMP)containing selenium(selenocysteine)content of 0.3 mg/kg *** powders were included at 6.5 g/kg of *** In Period 1,there was no effect of diets on average daily gain(ADG)and gain:feed(G:F)ratio(P>0.05).The orgSeMP supplemented pigs had a lower average daily feed intake(ADFI)compared to all other groups(P0.05).The orgSeMP supplementation increased the caecal abundance of bacterial members of the Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes phylum,including Lactobacillus,Agathobacter,Roseburia,and Prevotella and decreased the abundance of Sporobacter compared to the basal group,while inSeMP increased the caecal abundance of Prevotella and decreased the caecal abundance of Sporobacter compared to the basal group(P<0.05).Dietary

关键词： Agaricus bisporus Gastrointestinal microbiota Mushroom powder Organic selenium Pig Zinc oxide

Saving wild tigers:A case study in biodiversity loss and challenges to be met for recovery beyond 2010

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Integrative Zoology 2010年第4期5卷 285-299页

作者： john SEIDENSTICKER Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute National Zoological ParkWashingtonDCUSA

Wild tigers are being *** range countries and their partners met at the 1st Asian Ministerial Conference on Tiger Conservation in January 2010 to mandate the creation of the Global Tiger Recovery Program to double the number of tigers by *** 3200-3600 wild adult tigers remain,approximately half of the population estimated a decade *** now live in only 13 countries,all of which are experiencing severe environmental challenges and degradation from the effects of human population growth,brisk economic expansion,rapid urbanization,massive infrastructure development and climate *** overarching challenge of tiger conservation,and the conservation of biodiversity generally,is that there is insufficient demand for the survival of wild tigers living in natural *** allows the criminal activities of poaching wild tigers and their prey and trafficking in tiger derivatives to flourish and tiger landscapes to be *** Global Tiger Recovery Program will support scaling up of practices already proven effective in one or more tiger range countries that need wider policy support,usually resources,and new transnational actions that enhance the effectiveness of individual country *** program is built on robust National Tiger Recovery Priorities that are grouped into themes:(i)strengthening policies that protect tigers;(ii)protecting tiger conservation landscapes;(iii)scientific management and monitoring;(iv)engaging communities;(v)cooperative management of international tiger landscapes;(vi)eliminating transnational illegal wildlife trade;(vii)persuading people to stop consuming tiger;(viii)enhancing professional capacity of policy-makers and practitioners;and(ix)developing sustainable,long-term financing mechanisms for tiger and biodiversity conservation.

关键词： Asia biodiversity Global Tiger Recovery Program Panthera tigris Tiger Conservation Landscape

Comparing children＇s Homo sapiens and chimpanzees＇ Pan troglodytes quantity judgments of sequentially presented sets of items

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Current Zoology 2011年第4期57卷 419-420,421-428页

作者： Michael J. BERAN Julie S. johnson-PYNN Christopher READY Language Research Center Georgia State University Atlanta GA 30302 USA Department of Psychology Berry College Mount Berry GA 30149 USA

We presented a quantity judgment task that involved comparing two sequentially presented sets of items to preschoolers and chimpanzees using nearly identical procedures that excluded verbal instructions to children. Trial difficulty in this task reflected the ratio difference between sets of discrete items where larger ratios （e.g., 0.80 as from comparing 4 to 5） were more difficult than smaller ones （e.g., 0.50 as from comparing 4 to 8）. Children also completed verbal-based tasks probing the relationskip between counting proficiency and performance on the quantity judgment task of sequentially presented identical sized items. Both species＇ performance was best when ratios between comparison sets were small regardless of set size in all types of tasks. Generally, chimpanzees and older children performed better than younger children except at larger ratios. Children＇s counting proficiency was not related to success in choosing the larger of two quantities of identical-sized items. These results indicate that chimpanzees and children share an approximate number sense that is reflected through analog magnitude estimation when comparing quantities [Current Zoology 57 （4）： 419-428, 2011].

关键词： Numerical cognition Quantity judgments Children Chimpanzees Pan troglodytes

Modulations in Anti-Oxidant Activities of Selected Gastro-Intestinal Tissues in Alloxan-Induced, Silymarin Treated Diabetic Wistar Rats

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Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第5期9卷 73-90页

作者： johnson Uyovwiesevwa Ataihire Eze Kingsley Nwangwa john Chukwuka Igweh Department of Human Physiology Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences College of Health Sciences Delta State University Abraka Nigeria

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is reportedly the commonest metabolic disorder with multi organ involvement. By inducing DM (with Alloxan) in Wistar rats, current study investigated the changes in antioxidant activities of selected gastrointestinal (GI) tissues [stomach, duodenum, pancreas and liver], upon treatment with Silymarin and/or vitamin C. One hundred and twenty five (125) adult male wistar rats of between 130 to 180 grams were procured for the study. Five units of one control and four experimental units were designated with twenty five (25) rats per group (n = 25);Unit 1: Control rats, Unit 2 were DM induced, Silymarin untreated rats, and Units 3, 4 and 5 were DM induced, vitamin C, Silymarin and vitamin C + Silymarin treated respectively. Following four (4) weeks of administration of test substance(s), rats were euthanized and blood samples obtained for biochemical and antioxidant assay on aforementioned GI tissues. One way analysis of variance (ANOvA) and Students t-test at p p ved a significant change in pancreatic, liver, and duodenal anti-oxidant marker levels with vitamin C, Silymarin and vitamin C + Silymarin co-administrations to diabetic rats. It can therefore be said, that DM caused a destructive alteration pancreatic histo-architecture with improved functional capabilities in wistar rats at administration of Silymarin and vitamin C. Thus, Silymarin posed antioxidant potentials, with ameliorated pancreatic dysfunctions.

关键词： Silymarin Antioxidant Diabetes Mellitus

Mortality of Amur tigers:The more things change,the more they stay the same

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Integrative Zoology 2015年第4期10卷 344-353页

作者： Hugh S.ROBINSON john M.GOODRICH Dale G.MIQUELLE Clayton S.MILLER Ivan v.SERYODKIN Panthera New YorkNew YorkUSA Wildlife Conservation Society BronxNew YorkUSA Wildlife Biology Program College of Forestry and ConservationUniversity of MontanaMissoulaMontanaUSA Pacific Geographical Institute Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesVladivostokRussia Far Eastern Federal University VladivostokRussia

Poaching as well as loss of habitat and prey are identified as causes of tiger population *** some studies have examined habitat requirements and prey availability,few studies have quantified cause-specific mortality of *** used cumulative incidence functions(CIFs)to quantify cause-specific mortality rates of tigers,expanding and refining earlier studies to assess the potential impact of a newly emerging *** quantify changes in tiger mortality over time,we re-examined data first collected by Goodrich et al.(2008;study period 1:1992–2004)as well as new telemetry data collected since January 2005(study period 2:2005–2012)using a total of 57 tigers(27 males and 30 females)monitored for an average of 747 days(range 26–4718 days).Across the entire study period(1992 to 2012)we found an estimated average annual survival rate of 0.75 for all tigers *** was the primary cause of mortality during both study periods,followed by suspected poaching,distemper and natural/unknown *** 2005,poaching mortality has remained relatively constant and,if combined with suspected poaching,may account for a loss of 17–19%of the population each *** distemper virus(CDv)may be an additive form of mortality to the population,currently accounting for an additional 5%.Despite this relatively new source of mortality,poaching remains the main threat to Amur tiger survival and,therefore,population growth.

关键词： canine distemper virus cause-specific mortality cumulative incidence function Panthera tigris altaica poaching

Potential of capillary electrophoresis mass spectrometry for the characterization and monitoring of amine-derivatized naphthenic acids from oil sands process-affected water

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2016年第11期28卷 203-212页

作者： Matthew S.MacLennan Cai Tie Kevin Kovalchik Kerry M.Peru Xinxiang Zhang john v.Headley David D.Y.Chen Department of Chemistry University of British Columbia Vancouver BC V6T 1Z1 Canada. State Key Laboratory of Bioactiue Substance and Function of Natural Medicines Institute of Materia Medica Peking Union Medical College &Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Beijing 100050 China Water Science and Technology Directorate Science and Technology Branch Environment and Climate Change Canada SaskatoonSK S7N 3H5 Canada College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 China

Capillary electrophoresis coupled to mass spectrometry（CE–MS） was used for the analysis of naphthenic acid fraction compounds（NAFCs） of oil sands process-affected water（OSPW）. A standard mixture of amine-derivatized naphthenic acids is injected directly onto the CE column and analyzed by CE–MS in less than 15 min. Time of flight MS analysis（TOFMS）, optimized for high molecular weight ions, showed NAFCs between 250 and 800 m/z. With a quadrupole mass analyzer, only low-molecular weight NAFCs（between 100 and 450 m/z） are visible under our experimental conditions. Derivatization of NAFCs consisted of two-step amidation reactions mediated by 1-ethyl-3-（3-dimethylaminopropyl）carbodiimide（EDC）, or mediated by a mixture of EDC and N-hydroxysuccinimide, in dimethyl sulfoxide, dichloromethane or ethyl acetate. The optimum background electrolyte composition was determined to be 30%（v/v） methanol in water and 2%（v/v） formic acid. NAFCs extracted from OSPW in the Athabasca oil sands region were used to demonstrate the feasibility of CE–MS for the analysis of NAFCs in environmental samples, showing that the labeled naphthenic acids are in the mass range of 350 to 1500 m/z.

关键词： Capillary electrophoresis Mass spectrometry Electrospray ionization Carbodiimide Oil sands process-affected water Naphthenic acids

基于AFM的纳米尺度线宽计量模型及其算法的研究

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机械工程学报 2004年第4期40卷 50-57页

作者：赵学增褚巍 Theodore v vorburger Joseph Fu john Song Cattien v Nguyen 哈尔滨工业大学机电工程学院哈尔滨150001 美国国家标准与技术研究院美国国家航空与航天管理局

纳米尺度线宽的测量广泛应用于半导体制造、数据存储、微机电系统等领域。随着制造技术的进步,线宽的极限尺寸也变得越来越小,目前已经缩小至100 nm左右。在这一尺度范围内,由于样本制造技术的限制和测量仪器的影响,目前很难得到准确的... 详细信息

纳米尺度线宽的测量广泛应用于半导体制造、数据存储、微机电系统等领域。随着制造技术的进步,线宽的极限尺寸也变得越来越小,目前已经缩小至100 nm左右。在这一尺度范围内,由于样本制造技术的限制和测量仪器的影响,目前很难得到准确的测量结果。为了获得样本的真实几何尺寸信息,剔除测量方法和仪器本身对测量结果的影响,建立了一个基于AFM测量技术的线宽计量模型和相应算法。该模型将被测样本的截面轮廓用20个关键点分成5个部分共19段,用基于最小二乘的直线来拟合实际轮廓。应用该模型和算法可以分别得到单刻线轮廓拟合前后的顶部线宽b_T、b_(TF),中部线宽b_M、b_(MF),底部线宽b_B、b_(BF),左右边墙角A_L、A_R,以及高度h_。使用NanoScope Ⅲa型AFM对一个单晶硅(Si)线宽样本进行了测量,测量结果表明该模型和算法可以满足纳米尺度线宽计量的基本要求。

关键词：纳米计量线宽计量模型算法原子力显微镜半导体数据存储微机电系统

An Updated Review on Low-Temperature Nanocomposites with a Special Focus on Thermal Management in Buildings

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Energy Engineering 2022年第4期119卷 1299-1325页

作者： john Paul K.Kadirgama M.Samykano R.Saidur A.K.Pandey R.v.Mohan Faculty of Mechanical&Automotive Engineering Technology Universiti Malaysia PahangPekan26600Malaysia College of Engineering Universiti Malaysia PahangPekan26600Malaysia Research Centre for Nanomaterials and Energy Technology School of Engineering and TechnologySunway UniversityPetaling Jaya47500Malaysia Joint School of Nanoscience&Nanoengineering North Carolina A&T State UniversityNorth CarolinaGreensboro27401USA

Buildings contribute to 33%of total global energy consumption,which corresponds to 38%of greenhouse gas *** building’s energy efficiency remains predominant in mitigating global ***-ments in thermal energy storage(TES)techniques using phase change material(PCM)have gained much attention among researchers,primarily to minimize energy consumption and to promote the use of renewable energy *** technology stays as the most promising technology for developing high-performance and energy-efficient *** major drawback of PCM is its poor thermal conductivity which limits its potential use which could be resolved by dispersing conductive *** acquired database on synthesis routes,properties,and performance of nano-dispersed phase change materials(NDPCMs)with various techniques presented in the paper should deliver useful information in the production of NDPCMs with desirable characteristics mainly for building construction *** outline of contemporary developments and use of NDPCMs as TES medium is ***,a brief discussion on challenges and the outlook was also ***-depth research is needed to explore the fundamental mechanisms behind the enhanced thermal conductivity of NDPCM with nanofillers dispersion and also a thorough investigation on how these mechanisms drive improvement in building performance.

关键词： Thermal conductivity latent heat building applications energy savings