Mortality of Amur tigers:The more things change,the more they stay the same

作     者：Hugh S.ROBINSON John M.GOODRICH Dale G.MIQUELLE Clayton S.MILLER Ivan V.SERYODKIN 

作者机构：PantheraNew YorkNew YorkUSA Wildlife Conservation SocietyBronxNew YorkUSA Wildlife Biology ProgramCollege of Forestry and ConservationUniversity of MontanaMissoulaMontanaUSA Pacific Geographical InstituteFar Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesVladivostokRussia Far Eastern Federal UniversityVladivostokRussia 

出 版 物：《Integrative Zoology》 (整合动物学（英文版）)

年 卷 期：2015年第10卷第4期

页      面：344-353页

核心收录：

学科分类：07[理学] 0701[理学-数学] 070101[理学-基础数学] 

主　　题：canine distemper virus cause-specific mortality cumulative incidence function Panthera tigris altaica poaching 

摘      要：Poaching as well as loss of habitat and prey are identified as causes of tiger population *** some studies have examined habitat requirements and prey availability,few studies have quantified cause-specific mortality of *** used cumulative incidence functions(CIFs)to quantify cause-specific mortality rates of tigers,expanding and refining earlier studies to assess the potential impact of a newly emerging *** quantify changes in tiger mortality over time,we re-examined data first collected by Goodrich et al.(2008;study period 1:1992–2004)as well as new telemetry data collected since January 2005(study period 2:2005–2012)using a total of 57 tigers(27 males and 30 females)monitored for an average of 747 days(range 26–4718 days).Across the entire study period(1992 to 2012)we found an estimated average annual survival rate of 0.75 for all tigers *** was the primary cause of mortality during both study periods,followed by suspected poaching,distemper and natural/unknown *** 2005,poaching mortality has remained relatively constant and,if combined with suspected poaching,may account for a loss of 17–19%of the population each *** distemper virus(CDV)may be an additive form of mortality to the population,currently accounting for an additional 5%.Despite this relatively new source of mortality,poaching remains the main threat to Amur tiger survival and,therefore,population growth.