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Oxidation state specific analysis of arsenic species in tissues of wild-type and arsenic(+3 oxidation state)methyltransferase-knockout mice

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2016年第11期28卷 104-112页

作者： jenna m.currier Christelle Douillet Zuzana Drobná miroslav Styblo Curriculum in Toxicology University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Department of Nutrition Gillings School of Global Public Health University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

Arsenic methyltransferase（As3mt） catalyzes the conversion of inorganic arsenic（i As） to its methylated metabolites, including toxic methylarsonite（mAs~Ⅲ） and dimethylarsinite（DmAs~Ⅲ）. Knockout（KO） of As3 mt was shown to reduce the capacity to methylate i As in mice. However, no data are available on the oxidation states of As species in tissues of these mice. Here, we compare the oxidation states of As species in tissues of male C57BL/6 As3mt-KO and wild-type（WT） mice exposed to arsenite（iA s~Ⅲ） in drinking water. WT mice were exposed to50 mg/L As and As3mt-KO mice that cannot tolerate 50 mg/L As were exposed to 0, 15, 20, 25 or30 mg/L As. iA s~Ⅲaccounted for 53% to 74% of total As in liver, pancreas, adipose, lung, heart, and kidney of As3mt-KO mice; tri- and pentavalent methylated arsenicals did not exceed 10% of total As. Tissues of WT mice retained iA s and methylated arsenicals： iA s~Ⅲ, mAs~Ⅲand DmAs~Ⅲ represented 55%‐68% of the total As in the liver, pancreas, and brain. High levels of methylated species, particularly mAs~Ⅲ, were found in the intestine of WT, but not As3mt-KO mice,suggesting that intestinal bacteria are not a major source of methylated As. Blood of WT mice contained significantly higher levels of As than blood of As3mt-KO mice. This study is the first to determine oxidation states of As species in tissues of As3mt-KO mice. Results will help to design studies using WT and As3mt-KO mice to examine the role of iA s methylation in adverse effects of iA s exposure.

关键词： Arsenic speciation analysis Hydride generation-cryotrapping-atomic absorption spectrometry Arsenic(+ 3 oxidation state) methyltransferase As3mt knockout mice

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Impact of increasing one-carbon metabolites on traumatic brain injury outcome using pre-clinical models

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第8期19卷 1728-1733页

作者： Sanika m.Joshi Theresa currier Thomas Nafisa m.Jadavji College of Osteopathic medicine Midwestern UniversityGlendaleCAUSA Department of Biomedical Sciences Midwestern UniversityGlendaleCAUSA Department of Child Health College of Medicine–PhoenixUniversity of ArizonaPhoenixAZUSA College of Veterinary medicine Midwestern UniversityGlendaleCAUSA Department of Neuroscience Carleton UniversityOttawaCanada

Traumatic brain injury is a major cause of death and disability worldwide,affecting over 69 million individuals ***-carbon metabolism has been shown to have beneficial effects after brain damage,such as ischemic ***,whether increasing one-carbon metabolite vitamins impacts traumatic brain injury outcomes in patients requires more *** aim of this review is to evaluate how one-carbon metabolites impact outcomes after the onset of traumatic brain ***,Web of Science,and Google Scholar databases were searched for studies that examined the impact of B-vitamin supplementation on traumatic brain injury *** search terms included combinations of the following words:traumatic brain injury,dietary supplementation,one-carbon metabolism,and *** focus of each literature search was basic science *** year of publication in the literature searches was not *** analysis of the literature has shown that dietary supplementation of B-vitamins has significantly improved the functional and behavioral recove ry of animals with traumatic brain injury compared to *** r,this improvement is dosage-dependent and is contingent upon the onset of supplementation and whether there is a sustained or continuous delive ry of vitamin supplementation post-traumatic brain *** details of supplementation post-traumatic brain injury need to be further ***,we conclude that B-vitamin supplementation improves behavioral outcomes and reduces cognitive impairment post-traumatic brain injury in animal model *** investigation in a clinical setting should be stro ngly considered in co njunction with current medical treatments for traumatic brain injury-affected individuals.

关键词： folic acid nicotinamide one-carbon metabolism riboflavin traumatic brain injury vitamin B12 vitamin B2 vitamin B3

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The influence of resistance exercise training prescription variables on skeletal muscle mass,strength,and physical function in healthy adults:An umbrella review

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 47-60页

作者： Jonathan C.mcleod Brad S.currier Caroline V.Lowisz Stuart m.Phillips Department of Kinesiology Faculty of ScienceMcMaster UniversityHamilton L8S4L8Canada

Purpose:The aim of this umbrella review was to determine the impact of resistance training(RT)and individual RT prescription variables on muscle mass,strength,and physical function in healthy ***:Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and meta-Analyses(PRISmA)guidelines,we systematically searched and screened eligible systematic reviews reporting the effects of differing RT prescription variables on muscle mass(or its proxies),strength,and/or physical function in healthy adults aged>18 ***:We identified 44 systematic reviews that met our inclusion *** methodological quality of these reviews was assessed using A measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews;standardized effectiveness statements were *** found that RT was consistently a potent stimulus for increasing skeletal muscle mass(4/4 reviews provide some or sufficient evidence),strength(4/6 reviews provided some or sufficient evidence),and physical function(1/1 review provided some evidence).RT load(6/8 reviews provided some or sufficient evidence),weekly frequency(2/4 reviews provided some or sufficient evidence),volume(3/7 reviews provided some or sufficient evidence),and exercise order(1/1 review provided some evidence)impacted RT-induced increases in muscular *** discovered that 2/3 reviews provided some or sufficient evidence that RT volume and contraction velocity influenced skeletal muscle mass,while 4/7 reviews provided insufficient evidence in favor of RT load impacting skeletal muscle *** was insufficient evidence to conclude that time of day,periodization,inter-set rest,set configuration,set end point,contraction velocity/time under tension,or exercise order(only pertaining to hypertrophy)influenced skeletal muscle adaptations.A paucity of data limited insights into the impact of RT prescription variables on physical ***:Overall,RT increased muscle mass,strength,and physical function compared to no ***

关键词： Hypertrophy Resistance training Resistance training prescription variables Strength Umbrella review

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mixing and matching SmXL proteins to fine-tune strigolactone responses

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molecular Plant 2024年第8期17卷 1167-1169页

作者： jenna E.Hountalas Shelley Lumba Department of Cell&Systems Biology University of Toronto25 Willcocks StreetTorontoON M5S 3B2Canada Centre for the Analysis of Genome Evolution and Function University of Toronto25 Willcocks StreetTorontoON M5S 3B2Canada

A common mechanism in plant hormone signaling is hormonedependent degradation of downstream *** the case of strigolactone(SL)signaling,one group of SUPPRESSOR OF mORE AXILLARY BRANCHES 2(mAX2)1-LIKE(SmXL)proteins undergoes hormone-dependent degradation,while another does not.A recent publication in molecular Plant by Li et al.(2024)illustrates that mixing and matching a SmXL resistant to SL degradation with a SmXL sensitive to SL degradation finely tunes SL *** phenomenon could reflect a naturally occurring negative transdominance,which is a dominantnegative effect arising not from a mutant allele of the same gene but rather from a different gene altogether(Veitia,2007).This trans-acting protein attenuates SL-dependent degradation of the SmXL *** findings have exciting implications for how different SmXL combinations could result in a gradient of SL responses.

关键词： complex. matching degradation

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Viscoelastic analysis of single-component and composite PEG and alginate hydrogels

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Acta mechanica Sinica 2014年第1期30卷 7-14页

作者： jenna m.Shapiro michelle L.Oyen Cambridge University Engineering Department CambridgeUK Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development National Institutes of Health

Hydrogels, three-dimensional hydrophilic polymer networks, are appealing candidate materials for study- ing the cellular microenvironment as their substantial water content helps to better mimic soft tissue. However, hydrogels can lack mechanical stiffness, strength, and tough- ness. Composite hydrogel systems have been shown to improve upon mechanical properties compared to their single- component counterparts. Poly （ethylene glycol） dimethacrylate （PEGDmA） and alginate are polymers that have been used to form hydrogels for biological applications. Single- component and composite PEGDmA and alginate systems were fabricated with a range of total polymer concentrations. Bulk gels were mechanically characterized using spherical indentation testing and a viscoelastic analysis framework. An increase in shear modulus with increasing polymer con- centration was demonstrated for all systems. Alginate hydro- gels were shown to have a smaller viscoelastic ratio than the PEGDmA gels, indicating more extensive relaxation over time. Composite alginate and PEGDmA hydrogels exhib- ited a combination of the mechanical properties of the con- stituents, as well as a qualitative increase in toughness. Additionally, multiple hydrogel systems were produced that had similar shear moduli, but different viscoelastic behaviors. Accurate measurement of the mechanical properties of hydrogels is necessary in order to determine what parameters are key in modeling the cellular microenvironment.

关键词： Hydrogel Viscoelastic Indentation Nanoin-dentation Composite

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Decision making for managing Community Flood Risks:Perspectives of United States Floodplain managers

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2021年第5期12卷 649-660页

作者： jenna Tyler Abdul-Akeem Sadiq Douglas S.Noonan Rebecca m.Entress School of Public Administration University of Central FloridaOrlandoFL 32801USA O'Neill School of Public and Environmental Affairs Indiana University–Purdue University IndianapolisIN 46202USA

To reduce flood losses,floodplain managers make decisions on how to effectively manage their community’s flood *** there is a growing body of research that examines how individuals and households make decisions to manage their flood risks,far less attention has been directed at understanding the decision-making processes for flood management at the community *** study aimed to narrow this research gap by examining floodplain managers’perceptions of the quality of their community’s flood management decision-making *** gathered from interviews with 200 floodplain managers in the United States indicate that most floodplain managers perceive their community’s flood management decision-making processes to be *** results also indicate that communities participating in the Federal Emergency management Agency’s Community Rating System,as well as communities with a higher level of concern for flooding and a lower poverty rate,are significantly more likely to report better flood management decision-making processes.

关键词： Community flood risk management Decision making Floodplain managers United States

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Advances in targeted nanotherapeutics： From bioconjugation to biomimicry

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Nano Research 2018年第10期11卷 4999-5016页

作者： Danielle m. Valcourt jenna Harris Rachel S. Riley megan Dang Jianxin Wang Emily S. Day 161 Colburn L ab Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Delaware Newark DE 19716 USA 201 DuPont Hall Department of Materials Science & Engineering University o f Delaware Newark DE 79716 USA 4701 Ogletown Stanton Road Helen F. Graham Cancer Center & Research Institute Newark DE 19713 USA

Since the emergence of cancer nanomedicine, researchers have had intense interest in developing nanoparticles （NPs） that can specifically target diseased sites while avoiding healthy tissue to mitigate the off-target effects seen with conventional treatments like chemotherapy. Initial endeavors focused on the bioconjugation of targeting agents to NPs, and more recently, researchers have begun to develop biomimetic NP platforms that can avoid immune recognition to maximally accumulate in tumors. In this review, we describe the advantages and limitations of each of these targeting strategies. First, we review developments in bioconjugation strategies, where NPs are coated with biomolecules such as antibodies, aptamers, peptides, and small molecules to enable cell-specific binding. While bioconjugated NPs offer many exciting features and have improved pharmacokinetics and biodistribution relative to unmodified NPs, they are still recognized by the body as ＂foreign＂, resulting in their clearance by the mononuclear phagocytic system （mPS）. To overcome this limitation, researchers have recently begun to investigate biomimetic approaches that can hide NPs from immune recognition and reduce clearance by the mPS. These biomimetic NPs fall into two distinct categories： synthetic NPs that present naturally occurring structures, and NPs that are completely disguised by natural structures. Overall bioconjugated and biomimetic NPs have substantial potential to improve upon conventional treatments by reducing off-target effects through site-specific delivery. and they show great promise for future standards of care. Here, we provide a summary of each strategy, discuss considerations for their design moving forward, and highlight their potential clinical impact on cancer therapy.

关键词： targeting nanoparticles cancer biomimicry bioconjugation delivery

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Lions, hyenas and mobs （oh my!）

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Current Zoology 2017年第3期63卷 313-322页

作者： Kenna D.S. LEHmANN Tracy m. mONTGOmERY Sarah m. mACLACHLAN jenna m. PARKERC livia S. SPAGNUOLO Kelsey J. VANDEWETERING Patrick S. BILLS Kay E. HOLEKAmP Department of Integrative Biology Michigan State University 288 Farm Lane Room 203 East Lansing MI 48824 USA Ecology Evolutionary Biology and Behavior Michigan State University 293 Farm Lane Room 103 East Lansing MI 48824 USA Department of Fish Wildlife and Conservation Biology Colorado State University 1474 Campus Delivery Fort Collins CO 80523 USA Conservation Ecology and Environmental Informatics School of Natural Resources and Environment University of Michigan 440 Church St. Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA Institute for Cyber Enabled Research Michigan State University Biomedical & Physical Sciences Building 567 Wilson Road Room 1440 East Lansing MI 48824 USA

Understanding the factors that facilitate the emergence of cooperation among organisms is central to the study of social evolution. Spotted hyenas Crocuta crocuta frequently cooperate to mob lions Panthera leo, approaching the lions as a tightknit group while vocalizing loudly in an attempt to overwhelm them and drive them away. Whereas cooperative mobbing behavior has been well documented in birds and some mammals, to our knowledge it has never been described during interactions between 2 apex predators. Using a 27-year dataset, we characterize lion-hyena encoun- ters, assess rates of mobbing behavior observed during these interactions, and inquire whether mobbing results in successful acquisition of food. Lions and hyenas interacted most often at fresh kills, especially as prey size and the number of hyenas present increased. Possession of food at the beginning of an interaction positively affected retention of that food by each predator species. The presence of male lions increased the probability of an interspecific interaction but decreased the likelihood of hyenas obtaining or retaining possession of the food. Hyena mobbing rates were highest at fresh kills, but lower when adult male lions were present. The occurrence of mobbing was predicted by an increase in the number of hyenas present. Whether or not mobbing resulted in acquisition of food from lions was predicted by an increase in the number of mobs formed by the hyenas present, suggesting that cooperation among hyenas enhances their fitness.

关键词： competition cooperation hyena lion mobbing sociality.

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关于萨尔瓦多教师道德创伤经历与意义建构的研究

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中国医学伦理学 2019年第4期32卷 548-549页

作者： Joseph m.currier Jason m.Holland Lisseth Rojas-Flores 陈秀丽王璐颖(编译) 常运立(审校) 不详海军军医大学基础医学院海军军医大学人文社会科学部

致力于减轻暴力和不公正影响的助人行业从业人员,可能会遭受违反人们根深蒂固的道德价值观或信仰的道德创伤经历(mIES),这些经历会使他们面临职业倦怠和与创伤有关问题的风险,例如创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)。2012年,来自南阿拉巴马大学心理... 详细信息

致力于减轻暴力和不公正影响的助人行业从业人员,可能会遭受违反人们根深蒂固的道德价值观或信仰的道德创伤经历(mIES),这些经历会使他们面临职业倦怠和与创伤有关问题的风险,例如创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)。2012年,来自南阿拉巴马大学心理学系和福乐神学院心理学研究生院的Joseph m. currier、拉斯维加斯内华达大学心理学系的Jason m. Holland.

关键词：创伤后应激障碍从业人员意义建构道德伤害助人行业暴力事件工作倦怠创伤事件应激源结构方程模型暴力遭遇萨尔瓦多

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Biopolymer-nanotube nerve guidance conduit drug delivery for peripheral nerve regeneration:In vivo structural and functional assessment

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Bioactive materials 2021年第9期6卷 2881-2893页

作者： Ohan S.manoukian Swetha Rudraiah michael R.Arul jenna m.Bartley Jiana T.Baker Xiaojun Yu Sangamesh G.Kumbar Department of Biomedical Engineering University of ConnecticutStorrsCTUSA Department of Orthopedic Surgery University of Connecticut HealthFarmingtonCTUSA Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Saint JosephHartfordCTUSA Department of Immunology Center on AgingUniversity of Connecticut HealthFarmingtonCTUSA Department of Biomedical Engineering Stevens Institute of TechnologyHobokenNJUSA

Peripheral nerve injuries account for roughly 3%of all trauma patients with over 900,000 repair procedures annually in the *** all extremity peripheral nerve injuries,51%require nerve repair with a transected *** current gold-standard treatment for peripheral nerve injuries,autograft repair,has several *** constructs are currently only suitable for short gaps or small diameter ***,we investigate novel nerve guidance conduits with aligned microchannel porosity that deliver sustained-release of neurogenic 4-aminopyridine(4-AP)for peripheral nerve regeneration in a critical-size(15 mm)rat sciatic nerve transection *** results of functional walking track analysis,morphometric evaluations of myelin development,and histological assessments of various markers confirmed the equivalency of our drug-conduit with autograft *** nerves showed formation of thick myelin,presence of S100 and neurofilament markers,and promising functional *** conduit’s aligned microchannel architecture may play a vital role in physically guiding axons for distal target reinnervation,while the sustained release of 4-AP may increase nerve conduction,and in turn synaptic neurotransmitter release and upregulation of critical Schwann cell neurotrophic ***,our nerve construct design facilitates efficient and efficacious peripheral nerve regeneration via a drug delivery system that is feasible for clinical applications.

关键词： Peripheral nerve regeneration Nerve guidance conduit Sciatic nerve transection Small-molecule drug delivery Neurotrophic factor Functional recovery

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