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Risk management in open cut coal mines

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2013年第3期23卷 369-374页

作者： Ismet Canbulat John Hoelle jason Emery Undergrounds Anglo American Metallurgical Coal Brisbane 4000 Australia Open Cut Geotechnical Engineering Group Anglo American Metallurgical Coal Brisbane 4000 Australia

There are a number of geotechnical systems used at open cut operations of Anglo American's Metallurgical Coal business unit in Australia. These systems are mainly mine site specific, based on geological information and used as hazard plans. They are qualitative and reliant upon the experienced judgement of site based engineers and the general workforce. They are not suitable for calculating the associated risks of geological structures and mining responses. A uniform risk rating system that can be used to provide an unbiased, standard and quantifiable assessment of the risk from highwall and lowwall failures is therefore developed using the experience gained with such systems in Anglo American's South African operations. This system is a semi-quantitative risk rating system and takes into account the relative differences in the importance of hazards as experienced at each mine site as a result of different combinations of geotechnical factors and mining conditions. It is based on critical geotechnical and other parameters that have been identified by site mining engineers, geologists and geotechnical engineers. The primary advantage of this risk rating system is that all open cut mines in the Anglo American's Metallurgical Coal operations use a near identical system, which enables the user to compare the risk after each blast and with other mines. The system can be adjusted to meet local mine specific requirements. The implementation of this system, a computer program that automatically calculates the risks and recommends predetermined controls, has been made as practical and as easy to use as possible. This program can be used by personnel from other mining disciplines not directly related to geotechnical engineering.

关键词： Geotechnical OpenRisk Semi-quantitative Risk management Open cut Ground control

Astrocytic modulation of potassium under seizures

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第6期15卷 980-987页

作者： Fushun Wang Xiaoming Qi Jun Zhang jason HHuang Department of Neurosurgery Baylor Scott&White HealthTempleTXUSA Institute of Brain and Psychological Science Sichuan Normal UniversityChengduSichuan ProvinceChina Department of Neurosurgery PLA General HospitalBeijingChina Department of Surgery Texas A&M University College of MedicineTempleTXUSA

The contribution of an impaired astrocytic K^+ regulation system to epileptic neuronal hyperexcitability has been increasingly recognized in the last decade.A defective K^+ regulation leads to an elevated extracellular K^+ concentration([K^+]o).When[K^+]o reaches peaks of 10-12 mM,it is strongly associated with seizure initiation during hypersynchronous neuronal *** the other hand,reactive astrocytes during a seizure attack restrict influx of K^+ across the membrane both passively and *** addition to decreased K^+ buffering,aberrant Ca^2+ signaling and declined glutamate transport have also been observed in astrogliosis in epileptic specimens,precipitating an increased neuronal discharge and induction of *** review aims to provide an overview of experimental findings that implicated astrocytic modulation of extracellular K^+ in the mechanism of epileptogenesis.

关键词： AQP4 Ca^2+ signaling cell volume connexins epilepsy K^+ buffering mi RNA NKCC pannexin TBI

Using Twitter Bios to Measure Changes in Self-Identity:Are Americans Defining Themselves More Politically Over Time?

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Journal of Social Computing 2021年第1期2卷 1-13页

作者： Nick Rogers jason J.Jones Department of Sociology Stony Brook UniversityStony BrookNY 11794USA

Are Americans weaving their political views more tightly into the fabric of their self-identity over time?If so,then we might expect partisan disagreements to continue becoming more emotional,tribal,and *** recent scholarship has speculated that this politicization of Americans’identity is occurring,but there has been little compelling attempt to quantify the phenomenon,largely because the concept of identity is notoriously difficult to *** introduce here a methodology,Longitudinal Online Profile Sampling(LOPS),which affords quantifiable insights into the way individuals amend their identity over *** this method,we analyze millions of“bios”on the microblogging site Twitter over a 4-year span,and conclude that the average American user is increasingly integrating politics into their social *** on the site are adding political words to their bios at a higher rate than any other category of words we measured,and are now more likely to describe themselves by their political affiliation than their religious *** data suggest that this is due to both cohort and individual-level effects.

关键词： identity social identity theory social media ideology political polarization Twitter

Interaction of obesity and inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第35期22卷 7868-7881页

作者： jason W Harper Timothy L Zisman Department of Gastroenterology Swedish Medical CenterWA 98195United States Inflammatory Bowel Disease Program Division of GastroenterologyUniversity of Washington Medical CenterSeattleWA98195 United States

Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) is a chronic inflammatory condition of unknown etiology that is thought to result from a combination of genetic, immunologic and environmental factors. The incidence of IBD has been increasing in recent decades, especially in developing and developed nations, and this is hypothesized to be in part related to the change in dietary and lifestyle factors associated with modernization. The prevalence of obesity has risen in parallel with the rise in IBD, suggesting a possible shared environmental link between these two conditions. Studies have shown that obesity impacts disease development and response to therapy in patients with IBD and other autoimmune conditions. The observation that adipose tissue produces pro-inflammatory adipokines provides a potential mechanism for the observed epidemiologic links between obesity and IBD, and this has developed into an active area of investigative inquiry. Additionally, emerging evidence highlights a role for the intestinal microbiota in the development of both obesity and IBD, representing another potential mechanistic connection between the two conditions. In this review we discuss the epidemiology of obesity and IBD, possible pathophysiologic links, and the clinical impact of obesity on IBD disease course and implications for management.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Crohn’s disease Ulcerative colitis Obesity Body mass index

Ultrahigh-sensitive optical coherence elastography

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Light(Science & Applications) 2020年第1期9卷 1470-1479页

作者： Yan Li Sucbei Moon jason JChen Zhikai Zhu Zhongping Chen Beckman Laser Institute University of CaliforniaIrvineIrvineCA 92612USA Department of Biomedical Engineering University of CaliforniaIrvineIrvineCA 92617USA Department of Physics Kookmin UniversitySeoul 02707South Korea

The phase stability of an optical coherence elastography(OCE)system is the key determining factor for achieving a precise elasticity measurement,and it can be affected by the signal-to-noise ratio(SNR),timing jitters in the signal acquisition process,and fluctuations in the optical path difference(OPD)between the sample and reference *** this study,we developed an OCE system based on swept-source optical coherence tomography(SS-OCT)with a common-path configuration(SS-OCECP).Our system has a phase stability of 4.2 mrad without external stabilization or extensive post-processing,such as *** phase stability allows us to detect a displacement as small as~300 pm.A common-path interferometer was incorporated by integrating a 3-mm wedged window into the SS-OCT system to provide intrinsic compensation for polarization and dispersion mismatch,as well as to minimize phase fluctuations caused by the OPD *** wedged window generates two reference signals that produce two OCT images,allowing for averaging to improve the ***,the electrical components are optimized to minimize the timing jitters and prevent edge collisions by adjusting the delays between the trigger,k-clock,and signal,utilizing a high-speed waveform digitizer,and incorporating a high-bandwidth balanced *** validated the SSOCECP performance in a tissue-mimicking phantom and an in vivo rabbit model,and the results demonstrated a significantly improved phase stability compared to that of the conventional *** the best of our knowledge,we demonstrated the first SS-OCECP system,which possesses high-phase stability and can be utilized to significantly improve the sensitivity of elastography.

关键词： optical interferometer polarization

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去增长意味着什么:澄清几个问题

鄱阳湖学刊 2024年第3期 5-11,155页

作者：杰森·希克尔唐发发(译) 英国伦敦政治经济学院英国皇家人文学会海南大学马克思主义学院海南海口570228

去增长是指有计划地减少能源和资源的使用量,旨在通过减少不平等现象和提高人类福祉的方式,使经济与生物世界恢复平衡。在过去几年里,虽然该理念在学术界和社会运动中引起了极大关注,但是初次接触这个理念的人还是会遇到许多问题。文章... 详细信息

去增长是指有计划地减少能源和资源的使用量,旨在通过减少不平等现象和提高人类福祉的方式,使经济与生物世界恢复平衡。在过去几年里,虽然该理念在学术界和社会运动中引起了极大关注,但是初次接触这个理念的人还是会遇到许多问题。文章试图澄清三个具体问题:一是明确“去增长”的含义,并论证去增长框架是一种资产而非负债;二是解释去增长与经济衰退之间的根本区别;三是确认去增长主要集中于高收入国家,并探讨去增长对全球南方国家的影响。

关键词：去增长新冠肺炎疫情经济衰退全球南方

The human gut sterolbiome:bile acid-microbiome endocrine aspects and therapeutics

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2015年第2期5卷 99-105页

作者： jason M.Ridlon Jasmohan S.Bajaj Department of Microbiology and Immunology Virginia Commonwealth University McGuire VA Medical Center Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition Virginia Commonwealth University

The human body is now viewed as a complex ecosystem that on a cellular and gene level is mainly prokaryotic. The mammalian liver synthesizes and secretes hydrophilic primary bile acids, some of which enter the colon during the enterohepatic circulation, and are converted into numerous hydrophobic metabolites which are capable of entering the portal circulation, returned to the liver, and in humans,accumulating in the biliary pool. Bile acids are hormones that regulate their own synthesis, transport, in addition to glucose and lipid homeostasis, and energy balance. The gut microbial community through their capacity to produce bile acid metabolites distinct from the liver can be thought of as an "endocrine organ"with potential to alter host physiology, perhaps to their own favor. We propose the term "sterolbiome" to describe the genetic potential of the gut microbiome to produce endocrine molecules from endogenous and exogenous steroids in the mammalian gut. The affinity of secondary bile acid metabolites to host nuclear receptors is described, the potential of secondary bile acids to promote tumors, and the potential of bile acids to serve as therapeutic agents are discussed.

关键词： Sterolbiome Gut microbiome Bile acids Metabolite Therapeutic agent

Endemic fossil seed plants from China and a reassessment of coniferophyte phylogeny

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 1999年第10期9卷 48-55页

作者： jason HILTON,王士俊,陈之端,田宝霖 Department of Palaeobotany Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100093 China Department of Palaeobotany Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100093 China Laboratory of Systematics and Evolution Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100093 China China University of Mining and Technology ( Beijing) Beijing 100083 China

Recent palaeobotanical studies have provided new and important evidence on Chinese fossil plants. The majority of these fossils are distinct from fossil floras known from other geographical regions. However, remarkably few of these fossil plants have been successfully incorporated into cladistic analyses, to assess their importance on evolutionary relationships among major plant groups. For the first time our investigation incorporates three endemic Chinese fossil plant species into a cladistic analysis of the seed plants. These plants have been documented and reconstructed in detailed investigations of Palaeozoic coal balls from the Taiyuan Formation and are named Shanxioxylon sinensis , Shanx-ioxylon taiyuanensis and Pennsylvanioxylon tianii respectively. Previous investigations indicate that these plants belong to the now extinct Cordaitalean seed plants although they share many features with certain fossil conifers. As such, they are likely to be of significance to the ongoing and currently unresolv

关键词： phytogeny evolution coniferophyte Coniferales Cordaitales

Surgical solutions to the problem of massive weight loss

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第41期12卷 6602-6607页

作者： jason A Spector Steven M Levine Nolan S Karp Division of Plastic Surgery Weill Medicine College of Cornell University New YorkNY 10021United States Institute of Reconstructive and Plastic Surgery Division of Plastic SurgeryNew York University School of MedicineNew YorkNY 10016United States

In response to the global rise in obesity, bariatric surgery has become increasingly more popular and successful As a result, the demand for body contouring following massive weight loss is rapidly growing. Although bariatric procedures may produce impressive weight loss, people who achieve massive weight loss are often unhappy with the hanging folds of skin and subcutaneous tissue that remain. This review examines the nature of the post-bariatric deformity in each body region and briefly reviews common approaches to their treatment.

关键词： Weight loss Bariatric surgery Body contour surgery