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Effect of disrupted episodic memory on food consumption:no impact of neuronal loss of endophilin A1 on food intake and energy balance

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2022年第4期49卷 329-337页

作者： jacques togo Yanrui Yang Sumei Hu Jia-Jia Liu John R.Speakman State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Shijingshan DistrictBeijing 100049China CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200031China Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences University of AberdeenAberdeen AB242TZUK CAS Center of Excellence for Animal Evolution and Genetics KunmingYunnan 650223China

Food intake is generally assumed to reflect a regulatory tension between homeostatic and hedonic *** from individuals with memory dysfunction suggests that episodic memory may also play a significant *** reasoned that if memory influences food intake,then disrupting a genetic factor that is important in episodic memory formation should affect food intake and energy *** performed spatial learning tests on neuronal specific endophilin A1(EENA1)KO mice using the four-arm baited version of the radial arms maze(RAM).Energy regulation has also been *** anticipated neuronal EENA1 KO mice had impaired spatial ***,loss of endophilin A1 did not result in greater food intake,or altered energy absorption efficiency,relative to wild-type(WT)mice,when fed either low or high fat ***,loss of EENA1 did not significantly affect other features of energy balance—physical activity and energy *** statistically significant changes were observed in the expression of hypothalamic neuropeptides related to food intake regulation,or circulating levels of *** conclude that food intake and energy balance are largely governed by homeostatic and hedonic processes,and when these processes are intact memory probably plays a relatively minor role in food intake regulation.

关键词： Memory Food intake Endophilin A1 Obesity Energy expenditure Physical activity

A single nucleotide mutation in the dual-oxidase 2(DUOX2) gene causes some of the panda's unique metabolic phenotypes

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National Science Review 2022年第2期9卷 34-42页

作者： Agata M.Rudolf Qi Wu Li Li Jun Wang Yi Huang jacques togo Christopher Liechti Min Li Chaoqun Niu Yonggang Nie Fuwen Wei John R.Speakman State Key Laboratory of Molecular Development Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Microbiology Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences University of Aberdeen Centre of Excellence for Animal Ecology and Genetics Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Metabolic Health Center for Energy Metabolism and Reproduction Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences

The giant panda(Ailuropoda melanoleuca) is an iconic bear native to China,famous for eating almost exclusively *** unusual dietary behavior for a carnivore is enabled by several key adaptations including low physical activity,reduced organ sizes and hypothyroidism leading to lowered energy *** adaptive phenotypes have been hypothesized to arise from a panda-unique single-nucleotide mutation in the dual-oxidase 2(DUOX2) gene,involved in thyroid hormone *** test this hypothesis,we created genome-edited mice carrying the same point mutation as the panda and investigated its effect on metabolic *** mice were 27% smaller than heterozygous and wild-type ones,had 13 % lower body mass-adjusted food intake,5 5 % decreased physical activity,lower mass of kidneys(11%) and brain(5%),lower serum thyroxine(T4:36%),decreased absolute(12%) and mass-adjusted(5%) daily energy expenditure,and altered gut *** with T4 reversed the effects of the *** work uses a state-of-the-art genome editing approach to demonstrate the link between a single-nucleotide mutation in a key endocrine-related gene and profound adaptive changes in the metabolic phenotype,with great importance in ecology and evolution.

关键词： giant panda DUOX2 mutation metabolic rate thyroid hormones DUOX2 mice and microbiota

Effects of dietary macronutrients and body composition on glucose homeostasis in mice

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National Science Review 2021年第1期8卷 19-29页

作者： Sumei Hu jacques togo Lu Wang Yingga Wu Dengbao Yang Yanchao Xu Li Li Baoguo Li Min Li Jianbo Li Guanlin Wang Xueying Zhang Chaoqun Niu Mohsen Mazidi Alex Douglas John R.Speakman State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences University of Aberdeen Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Ministry of Education of China) School of Pharmacy Yantai University School of Basic Medical Sciences University of Dali University of Chinese Academy of Sciences CAS Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics (CCEAEG)

As a major health issue, obesity is linked with elevated risk of type 2 diabetes. However, whether disrupted glucose homeostasis is due to altered body composition alone, or whether dietary macronutrients play an additional role, independent of their impact on body composition, remains unclear. We investigated the associations between macronutrients, body composition, blood hormones and glucose homeostasis. We fed C57BL/6N mice 29 different diets with variable macronutrients for 12 weeks. After 10 weeks,intraperitoneal glucose tolerance tests were performed. Generalized linear models were generated to evaluate the impacts of macronutrients, body composition and blood hormones on glucose *** area under the glucose curve (AUC) was strongly associated with body fat mass, but not dietary macronutrients. AUC was significantly associated with fasting insulin levels. Six genes from transcriptomic analysis of epididymal white adipose tissue and subcutaneous white adipose tissue were significantly associated with AUC. These genes may encode secreted proteins that play important previously unanticipated roles in glucose homeostasis.

关键词： dietary macronutrients body fat mass fasting blood glucose glucose tolerance mice

Two hits are better than one:rational dual strategy efficiently fights neuroblastoma

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第5期9卷 1802-1804页

作者： jacques Zimmer Camille Rolin Markus Ollert Department of Infection and Immunity Luxembourg Institute of HealthEsch-sur-AlzetteLuxembourg University of Luxembourg Esch-sur-AlzetteLuxembourg Department of Dermatology and Allergy Center Odense Research Center for Anaphylaxis(ORCA)University of Southern DenmarkOdenseDenmark

The recently published landmark paper by Bergaggio et *** Roberto Chiarle’s group in Cancer Cell1 investigates an elegant double-hit strategy to improve anti-cancer *** important approach demonstrates in a preclinical model that chimeric antigen receptor(CAR)-T cell treatment can be rendered more efficient by increasing the cell surface expression of the CAR target structure via a small molecule.

关键词： neuroblastoma Cancer

Ebola virus disease model with a nonlinear incidence rate and density-dependent treatment

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2024年第3期9卷 775-804页

作者： jacques NdéKengne Calvin Tadmon Committed Mathematics Team Research Unit in Mathematics and ApplicationsDepartment of Mathematics and Computer ScienceUniversity of DschangP.O.Box 67 DschangCameroon Institute of Mathematics University of MainzStaudingerweg 955128MainzGermany

This paper studies an Ebola epidemic model with an exponential nonlinear incidence function that considers the efficacy and the behaviour *** current model also incorporates a new density-dependent treatment that catches the impact of the disease transmission on the ***,we provide a theoretical study of the nonlinear differential equations model *** precisely,we derive the effective reproduction number and,under suitable conditions,prove the stability of ***,we show that the model exhibits the phenomenon of backward-bifurcation whenever the bifurcation parameter and the reproduction number are less than *** find that the bi-stability and backward-bifurcation are not automatically connected in epidemic *** fact,when a backward-bifurcation occurs,the disease-free equilibrium may be globally ***,we use well-known standard tools to fit the model to the data reported for the 2018–2020 Kivu Ebola outbreak,and perform the sensitivity *** control Ebola epidemics,our findings recommend a combination of a rapid behaviour change and the implementation of a proper treatment strategy with a high level of ***,we propose and analyze a fractional-order Ebola epidemic model,which is an extension of the first model *** use the Caputo operator and construct the Grünwald-Letnikov nonstandard finite difference scheme,and show its advantages.

关键词： Ebola epidemic models Stability Bifurcation Density-dependent treatment Sensitivity analysis Fractional differential equations Caputo fractional derivative Grünwald-letnikov nonstandard finite difference scheme

Application of in-situ characterization techniques in modern aqueous batteries

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Rare Metals 2024年第8期43卷 3553-3575页

作者： Jia-Hao Wu Hong-Wei Cai Zhao-Hui Deng Jean-jacques Gaumet Yu Bao Wen Luo Department of Physics State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and ProcessingSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringWuhan University of TechnologyWuhan430070China Laboratoire de Chimie Et Physique:Approche Multi-Echelles Des Milieux Complexes(LCP-A2MC)Institut Jean BarriolUniversitéde Lorraine57070MetzFrance Department of Medicinal Chemistry Hubei College of Chinese MedicineJingzhou 434020China

The development of high-performance aqueous batteries calls for an in-depth knowledge of their chargedischarge redox and failure mechanism,as well as a systematic understanding of the dynamic evolution of microstructure,phase composition,chemical composition,and local chemical environment of the materials for ***-situ characterization technology is expected to understand and reveal the problems faced by aqueous rechargeable batteries,such as the dissolution of electrode materials,the growth of metal negative electrode dendrites,passivation,corrosion,side reactions and a series of *** on this,typical in-situ characterization techniques and their basic mechanisms are summarized,including in-situ optical visualization,in-situ microscopy techniques(in-situ scanning electron microscopy(SEM),in-situ transmission electron microscopy(TEM)),in-situ X-ray techniques(in-situ X-ray diffraction(XRD),in-situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),in-situ near-edge structural X-ray absorption spectroscopy(XANES)),and in-situ spectroscopy techniques(in-situ Raman spectroscopy,in-situ Fourier transform infrared(FTIR)).Moreover,some emerging techniques concerning aqueous battery research,especially gas evolution and materials dissolution issues,such as in-situ electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance(EQCM).in-situ fiber-optic sensing,in-situ gas chromatography(GC) are *** last,the applications of advanced in-situ characterizations in future research of aqueous batteries are emphasized and discussed,along with some of the remaining challenges and possible solutions.

关键词： Aqueous battery In-situ characterization Phase transformation Solid electrolyte interphase Zinc dendrite growth

Measures of Relative and Absolute Convergence and Pro-poor Growth with an Illustration based on China(2010–2018)

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China & World Economy 2024年第2期32卷 1-41页

作者： Elena Bárcena-Martin jacques Silber Yuan Zhang Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales Universidad de MálagaSpain Department of Economics Bar-Ilan UniversityIsrael China Center for Economic Studies Fudan UniversityChina

Income mobility is a key issue for understanding the process of economic growth and distributional *** economists have used the concept of“pro-poor growth”to examine,with individual-level panel data,whether the poor benefit more than the rich from economic growth by tracking the extent of income mobility among different population *** is also literature in macroeconomics on the measurement of *** paper introduces population-weighted relative and absolute indices of mobility,convergence,and pro-poor growth;it also distinguishes between anonymous and nonanonymous approaches to these *** empirical analysis is based on Chinese panel data for the period 2010–*** both absolute and relative terms,income growth in China was greater for individuals with an initially lower income but only for lower income deciles in relative *** was also an overall increase in individual welfare from anonymous and nonanonymous perspectives,which was higher among younger *** welfare of the poor did not increase more than that of the *** results shed light on the evolution of income distribution in China during the past decade's rapid economic growth.

关键词： anonymous and nonanonymous approach convergence exchange and structural mobility pro-poor growth

Comparative Study on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Coarse-grained WC-based Cemented Carbides Sintered with Ultrafine WC or (W+C) as Additives

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2024年第2期39卷 399-409页

作者：于淞百闵凡路 LI De NOUDEM Guillaume jacques ZHANG Hailong MA Jichang ZHAO Kui YAO Zhanhu 张建峰 College of Mechanics and Materials Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Embankment Engineering Hohai UniversityMinistry of EducationNanjing 210098China CRISMAT-ENSICAEN(UMR-CNRS 6508) Universitéde Caen-Basse-NormandieF-14050 CaenFrance Shaanxi Aeronautic Carbide Tool Co.Ltd. Hanzhong 724200China CCCC Tunnel Engineering Co.Ltd. Beijing 100102China

The effects of ultrafine WC(WC_(UF),0.5μm) or W(1μm) and C(0.3μm)(W+C)_(UF) additives on the densification,microstructure and mechanical properties of coarse-grained cemented carbides were compared ***,the cemented carbides with WC_(UF)/(W+C)_(UF) additives are almost fully densification to be higher than 99%,and the average grain size is kept above 2.8μ*** WC_(UF) additive assists grains to(truncated)trigonal prism shape by two dimensional(2D) growth,whereas the(W+C)_(UF) additive assists grains to rounded shape by three dimensional(3D) growth,lowers WC contiguity and increases face-centered-cubic *** hardness and bending strength of(75WC_(C)-15WC_(UF))-10Co are 86.6 HRA and 2 272 MPa,respectively,both higher than those of(75WC_(C)-15(W+C)_(UF))-10Co,which could be ascribed to the enhanced densification and unblemished ***,the fracture toughness of the(75WC_(C)-15(W+C)_(UF))-10Co is 23.5 MPa·m^(1/2),higher than that of the(75WC_(C)-15WC_(UF))-10Co due to the uniform WC-Co structure and flexible binder phase.

关键词： coarse-grained WC-based cemented carbide ultrafine WC ultrafine(W+C) microstructure mechanical properties

The Sword of Damocles behind the Curtain of the Earth’s Global Warming: A Review

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International Journal of Geosciences 2024年第2期15卷 119-136页

作者： jacques Bourgois Institut des Sciences de la Terre Paris (iSTeP) Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 7193 Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC)/Université Paris 06 Paris France iSTeP UMR 7193 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Paris France

The “mainstream” climatology (MSC)—i.e. which includes the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) community—considers the present day massive release of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere as the main cause of the current global warming trend. The main inference from this stance is that the increase in temperature must occur after the release of greenhouse gases originating from the anthropic activities. However, no scientific evidence has been provided for this basic notion. Earth paleoclimatic records document the antecedence of temperature over CO2 levels. For the past 65 Ma, the temperature parameter has controlled the subsequent increase in CO2. This includes the three rapid aberrant shifts and extreme climate transients at 55 Ma, 34 Ma, and 23 Ma REF _Ref159913672 \r \h \* MERGEFORMAT [1]. The simple fact of their existence points to the potential for highly nonlinear responses in climate forcing. Whatever these shifts and transients are, CO2 remains a second order parameter in their evolution through time. Confronted with the past, a suitable response must therefore be given to the unresolved question of whether the CO2 trends precede the temperature trends in the current period, or not. The assertion that the current global warming is anthropogenic in origin implicitly presupposes a change of paradigm, with the consequence (the increase in CO2 levels) that occurred in Earth’s past being positioned as the cause of the warming for its present day climatic evolution. The compulsory assumption regarding the antecedence of CO2 levels over the temperature trends is associated with the haziness of the methodological framework—i.e. the paradigm—and tightens the research fields on the likely origins of global warming. The possible involvement of an “aberrant” natural event, hidden behind the massive release of greenhouse gases, has not been considered by the MSC.

关键词： Climate CO2 Temperature Paleoclimate Warming