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Physics-based,data-driven approach for predicting natural ventilation of residential high-rise buildings

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Building Simulation 2022年第1期15卷 129-148页

作者： Vincent j.L.Gan Boyu Wang C.M.chan A.U.Weerasuriya jack C.P.Cheng Department of Building School of Design and EnvironmentNational University of SingaporeSingapore117566 Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong Kong999077China

Natural ventilation is particularly important for residential high-rise buildings as it maintains indoor human comfort without incurring the energy demands that air-conditioning *** improve a building’s natural ventilation,it is essential to develop models to understand the relationship between wind flow characteristics and the building's *** more effort is still needed for developing such reliable,accurate,and computationally economical models instead of currently the most popular physics-based models such as computational fluid dynamics(CFD)*** paper,therefore,presents a novel model developed based on physics-based modelling and a data-driven approach to evaluate natural ventilation in residential high-rise *** model first uses CFD to simulate wind pressures on the exterior surfaces of a high-rise *** the surface pressures have been obtained,multizone modelling is used to predict the air change per hour(ACH)for different flats in various ***-driven prediction models are then developed using data from the simulation and deep neural networks that are based on mean absolute error,mean absolute percentage error,and a fusion algorithm *** data-driven models are used to predict the ACH of 25 *** results from multizone modelling and data-driven modelling are *** results imply a high accuracy of the data-driven prediction in comparison with physics-based *** fusion algorithm-based neural network performs best,achieving 96%accuracy,which is the highest of all models *** study contributes a more efficient and robust method for predicting wind-induced natural *** findings describe the relationship between building design(e.g.,plan layout),distribution of surface pressure,and the resulting ACH,which serve to improve the practical design of sustainable buildings.

关键词： computational fluid dynamics data-driven prediction machine learning multizone model natural ventilation residential building

Effects of Porosity on Piezoelectric Characteristics of Polyvinylidene Fluoride Films for Biomedical Applications

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Biomedical Engineering Frontiers 2023年第1期4卷 92-99页

作者： jack T.Kloster Matthew j.Danley Victor K.Lai Ping Zhao Advanced Materials Science University of Minnesota-DuluthDuluthMN 55812USA Department of Chemical Engineering University of Minnesota-DuluthDuluthMN 55812USA Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering University of Minnesota-DuluthDuluthMN 55812USA

Objective:The objective of this work is to study the effects of porosity on mechanical and piezoelectric properties of polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF)films for biomedical *** Statement:By investigating the piezoelectric properties of PVDF and the porosity effect on its electromechanical performance,there is potential for further development of PVDF as a hemodynamic sensor that can lead to further technological advancements in the biomedical field,benefiting patients and physicians ***:PVDF thin films have shown potential in the application of hemodynamic flow sensing and monitoring the effects on blood flow caused by prosthetic valve implantation via the transcatheter aortic valve replacement *** piezoelectric performance of PVDF films can be influenced by the porosity of the ***:In this study,strain tracking was performed on thin film PVDF specimens with various levels of porosity and pore sizes to determine the mechanical properties of the *** mechanical properties were used to model the PVDF material in COMSOL multiphysics software,in which compression test simulations were performed to determine the piezoelectric coefficient d33 of the ***:A decline in the elastic modulus was found to be highly inversely correlated with porosity of the specimens and the simulation results show that elastic modulus had a much greater effect on the piezoelectric properties than Poisson’s ***:A combination of experimental and computational techniques was able to characterize and correlate the mechanical properties of PVDF films of varying porosities to their piezoelectric properties.

关键词： piezoelectric porosity modulus

Aberrant calcium signalling downstream of mutations in TP53 and the PI3K/AKT pathway genes promotes disease progression and therapy resistance in triple negative breast cancer

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Cancer Drug Resistance 2022年第3期5卷 560-576页

作者： Alex j.Eustace Min jie Lee Grace Colley jack Roban Tim Downing Paul j.Buchanan DCU Cancer Research Dublin City UniversityDublin D9Ireland National Institute Cellular Biotechnology Dublin City UniversityDublin D9Ireland School of Biotechnology Dublin City UniversityDublin D9Ireland School of Nursing Psychotherapyand Community HealthDublin City UniversityDublin D9Ireland

Triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC)is characterized as an aggressive form of breast cancer(BC)associated with poor patient *** the majority of patients,there is a lack of approved targeted ***,chemotherapy remains a key treatment option for these patients,but significant issues around acquired resistance limit its ***,TNBC has an unmet need for new targeted personalized medicine ***(Ca^(2+))is a ubiquitous second messenger that is known to control a range of key cellular processes by mediating signalling transduction and gene *** in Ca^(2+)through altered calcium channel expression or activity are known to promote tumorigenesis and treatment resistance in a range of cancers including *** evidence shows that this is mediated by Ca^(2+)modulation,supporting the function of tumour suppressor genes(TSGs)and *** review provides insight into the underlying alterations in calcium signalling and how itplays a key role in promoting disease progression and therapy resistance in TNBC which harbours mutations intumour protein p53(TP53)and the PI3K/AKT pathway.

关键词： Triple-negative breast cancer TP53 PI3K/AKT pathway calcium

Geant4 applications for modeling molecular transport in complex vacuum geometries

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International journal of Modeling, Simulation, and Scientific Computing 2014年第2期5卷 53-64页

作者： jack Singal j.Brian Langton Rafe Schindler Department of Physics University of Richmond Gottwald Center for the Sciences 28 Westhampton DriveRichmondVA 23173 Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory and Stanford University Menlo Park CA 94025

We discuss a novel use of the Geant4 simulation toolkit to model molecular transport in a vacuum environment,in the molecular flow *** Geant4 toolkit was originally developed by the high energy physics community to simulate the interactions of elemen-tary particles within complex detector *** its capabilities are utilized to model molecular vacuum transport in geometries where other techniques are *** techniques are verified with an application representing a simple vacuum geometry that has been studied previously both analytically and by basic Monte Carlo *** discuss the use of an application with a very complicated geometry,that of the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope camera cryostat,to determine probabilities of transport of contaminant molecules to optical surfaces where control of contamination is crucial.

关键词： Gas flow dynamics Monte Carlo methods vacuum systems pumping sys-tems contamination sources

Hepatic angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 expression in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and in patients with fatal COVID-19

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第31期30卷 3705-3716页

作者： Angus K jacobs Steven D Morley Kay Samuel Katie Morgan Lyndsey Boswell Timothy j Kendall David A Dorward jonathan A Fallowfield Peter C Hayes john N Plevris Hepatology Laboratory University of EdinburghEdinburgh EH164SBUnited Kingdom Scottish National Blood Transfusion Service Jack Copland CentreEdinburgh EH144BEUnited Kingdom Institute for Regeneration and Repair University of EdinburghEdinburgh EH164UUUnited Kingdom Edinburgh Pathology University of EdinburghEdinburgh EH164SBUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD),characterised by hepatic lipid accumulation,causes inflammation and oxidative stress accompanied by cell damage and *** injury(LI)is also frequently reported in patients hospitalised with coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),while preexisting MASLD increases the risk of LI and the development of COVID-19-associated *** of injury at the cellular level remain unclear,but it may be significant that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)which causes COVID-19,uses angiotensin-converting expression enzyme 2(ACE2),a key regulator of the‘anti-inflammatory’arm of the renin-angiotensin system,for viral attachment and host cell *** To determine if hepatic ACE2 levels are altered during progression of MASLD and in patients who died with severe *** ACE2 protein levels and localisation,and histological fibrosis and lipid droplet accumulation as markers of MASLD were determined in formalin-fixed liver tissue sections across the MASLD pathological spectrum(isolated hepatocellular steatosis,metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis(MASH)+/-fibrosis,end-stage cirrhosis)and in post-mortem tissues from patients who had died with severe COVID-19,using ACE2 immunohistochemistry and haematoxylin and eosin and picrosirius red staining of total collagen and lipid droplet areas,followed by quantification using machine learning-based image pixel *** ACE2 staining is primarily intracellular and concentrated in the cytoplasm of centrilobular hepatocytes and apical membranes of bile duct ***,ACE2 protein levels are elevated in non-fibrotic MASH compared to healthy controls but not in the progression to MASH with fibrosis and in ***2 protein levels and histological fibrosis are not associated,but ACE2 and liver lipid droplet content are significantly correlated across the MASLD *** A

关键词： Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 Immunohistochemistry COVID-19 COVID-19-associated cholangiopathy

The globalization of messenger RNA regulation

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National Science Review 2014年第2期1卷 184-186页

作者： jack D.Keene Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology Duke University Medical Center

Transcriptional regulation has been a dominant area of research in gene expression for more than 50 ***,the past 20 years of research in biology brought new focus on posttranscriptional events,namely RNA *** emphasis on understanding the regulatory functions of RNAs emerged with the identiication of cis-and trans-regulatory regions in

关键词： The globalization of messenger RNA regulation RNA

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Open lung in ARDS

Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2003年第12期 130-133页

作者： jack j HAITSMA,Robert A LACHMANN,Burkhard LACHMANN Deptartment of Anesthesiology Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam Rotterdam The Netherlands Deptartment of Anesthesiology Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam Rotterdam The Netherlands Deptartment of Anesthesiology Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam Rotterdam The Netherlands

Every year, millions of patients worldwide receive ventilator support during surgery. Mechanical ventilation has become an important therapy in the treatment of patients with impaired pulmonary function and particularly in patients suffering from adult respiratory distress syndrome （ARDS）. ARDS is caused by multiple factors and is characterized by respiratory dysfunction including hypoxemia and decreased lung compliance. It is known that the decrease in lung distensibility is due to a disturbed surfactant system with an elevated surface tension. This increase in surface tension leads to an increase in forces acting at the air-liquid interface, resulting finally in endexpiratory collapse, atelectasis, an increase in right-to-left shunt and a decrease in PaO2.

关键词： lung it on or as ARDS Open lung in ARDS in

Influence of birth order, birth weight, colostrum and serum immunoglobulin G on neonatal piglet survival

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journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2013年第2期4卷 128-136页

作者： Rafael A Cabrera Xi Lin joy M Campbell Adam j Moeser jack Odle Laboratory of Developmental Nutrition Department of Animal Science North Carolina State University Huvepharma USA Inc. 525 West Park Drive Suite 230 Peachtree City American Protein Corporation Department of Population Health and Pathobiology College of Veterinary Medicine North Carolina State University 101 Polk Hall North Carolina State University

Background： Intake of colostrum after birth is essential to stimulate intestinal growth and function, and to provide systemic immunological protection via absorption of Immunoglobulin G （IgG）. The birth order and weight of 745 piglets （from 75 litters） were recorded during a one-week period of farrowing. Only pigs weighing greater than 0.68 kg birth weight were chosen for the trial. Sow colostrum was collected during parturition, and piglets were bled between 48 and 72 hours post-birth. Piglet serum IgG and colostral IgG concentrations were determined by radial immunodiffusion. Results： Sow parity had a significant （P 〈 0.001） effect on sow colostral IgG concentration, being 5% higher in multiparous females. Sow colostral IgG concentration explained 6% and piglet birth order accounted for another 4% of the variation observed in piglet serum IgG concentration （P 〈 0.05）; however, birth weight had no detectable effect. Piglet serum IgG concentration had both a linear （P 〈 0.05） and quadratic effect （P 〈 0.05） on % survival. Piglets with 1,000 mg/dl serum IgG or less （n=24） had a 67% survival; whereas, piglets with IgG concentrations between 2250 to 2500 mg/dl （n=247） had a 91% survival. Birth order had no detectable effect on survival, but birth weight had a positive linear effect （P 〈 0.05）. Piglets weighing 0.9 kg （n = 107） at birth had a 68% survival rate, and those weighing 1.6 kg （n = 158） had an 89% survival. Conclusion： We found that the combination of sow colostrum IgG concentration and birth order can account for 10% of the variation of piglet serum IgG concentration and that piglets with less than 1,000 mg/dl IgG serum concentration and weight of 0.9 kg at birth had low survival rate when compared to their larger siblings. The effective management of colostrum uptake in neonatal piglets in the first 24 hrs post-birth may potentially improve survival from birth to weaning.

关键词： Birth order Birth weight Immunoglobulin G Colostrum Survivability

Problems on Graphs with Fixed Smallest Eigenvalue

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Algebra Colloquium 2020年第1期27卷 51-54页

作者： jack Koolen Qianqian Yang Wen-Tsun Wu Key Laboratory of CAS School of Mathematical Sciences University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China School of Mathematical Sciences University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026China

In this note we give several problems and conjectures on graphs with fixed smallest eigenvalue.

关键词： 5-integrability lattice graph