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Th. evolving roles of Wnt signaling in stem cell proliferation and differentiation, th. development of h.man diseases, and th.rapeutic opportunities

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第3期11卷 155-187页

作者： Mich.el Yu Kevin Qin Jiaming Fan Guozh. Zh.o Piao Zh.o Wei Zeng connie ch.n Annie Wang Yongh.i Wang jiamin Zh.ng Yi Zh. William Wagstaff Rex c.h.ydon h.e h.Luu Sh.rwin h. Mich.el J.Lee Jason Strelzow Russell R.Reid Tong-ch.an h. Sch.ol of Medicine Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and ScienceNorth ChicagoIL 60064USA Molecular Oncology Laboratory Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Rehabilitation MedicineThe University of Chicago Medical CenterChicagoIL 60637USA Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine and Department of Clinical BiochemistryThe School of Laboratory MedicineChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016China Department of Orth.pedic Surgery The First Affliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016China Department of Urology The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016China Department of clinical Laboratory Medicine Shanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghai 200000China Department of Orth.paedic Surgery Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100730China Laboratory of craniofacial Suture Biology and Development Department of Surgery Section of Plastic SurgeryThe University of Chicago Medical CenterChicagoIL 60637USA Department of Neurology The First Dongguan Affiliated HospitalGuangdong Medical UniversityDongguanGuangdong 523475China

Th. evolutionarily conserved Wnt signaling path.ay plays a central role in develop-ment and adult tissue h.meostasis across *** proteins are secreted,lipid-modified signaling molecules th.t activate th. canonical(β-catenin dependent)and non-canonical(β-catenin independent)Wnt signaling *** beh.viors such.as proliferation,differ-entiation,maturation,and proper body-axis specification are carried out by th. canonical path.ay,wh.ch.is th. best ch.racterized of th. known Wnt signaling *** signaling h.s emerged as an important factor in stem cell biology and is known to affect th. self-renewal of stem cells in various *** includes but is not limited to embryonic,h.matopoietic,mesench.mal,gut,neural,and epidermal stem *** signaling h.s also been implicated in tumor cells th.t exh.bit stem cell-like *** signaling is crucial for bone formation and presents a potential target for th. development of th.rapeutics for bone *** surprisingly,aberrant Wnt signaling is also associated with.a wide variety of diseases,including *** of Wnt path.ay members in cancer can lead to unch.cked cell proliferation,epith.lial-mesench.mal transition,and ***,advances in th. understand-ing of dysregulated Wnt signaling in disease h.ve paved th. way for th. development of novel th.rapeutics th.t target components of th. Wnt *** with.a brief overview of th. mech.nisms of canonical and non-canonical Wnt,th.s review aims to summarize th. cur-rent knowledge of Wnt signaling in stem cells,aberrations to th. Wnt path.ay associated with.diseases,and novel th.rapeutics targeting th. Wnt path.ay in preclinical and clinical studies.

关键词： β-catenin cancer canonical Wnt Disease Non-canonical Wnt Stem cells Targeted th.rapy Wnt signaling

Quantitative law of diffusion induced fracture

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Acta Mech.nica Sinica 2016年第4期32卷 611-632页

作者： h.-J.Lei h.-L.Wang B.Liu c.-A.Wang AML CNMMDepartment of Engineering MechanicsTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Key Lab of New ceramics and Fine Processing Department of Materials Science and EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Th.ough.dimension analysis, an almost analytical model for th. maximum diffusion induced stress（DIS）and critical temperature（or concentration） difference at wh.ch.cracks begin to initiate in th. diffusion process is developed. It interestingly predicts th.t th. spacing of diffusioninduced cracks is constant, independent of th. th.ckness of specimen and th. temperature difference. Th.se conclusions are validated by our th.rmal sh.ck experiments on alumina plates. Furth.rmore, th. proposed model can interpret observed h.erarch.cal crack patterns for h.gh.temperature jump cases, and a th.ee-stage relation between th. residual strength.and th. temperature difference. Th. prediction for crack spacing can guide th. biomimetic th.rmal-sh.ckfailure proof design, in wh.ch.th. h.rd platelets smaller th.n th. predicted diffusion induced by constant crack-spacing are embedded in a soft matrix, and, th.refore, no fracture will h.ppen. Th.s may guide th. design of th. th.rmal protection system and th. lith.um ion battery. Finally we present th. maximum normalized DISes for various geometry and boundary conditions by single-variable curves for th. stressindependent diffusion process and two-variable contour plots for th. stress-dependent diffusion process, wh.ch.can provideengineers and materialists a simple and easy way to quickly evaluate th. reliability of related materials and devices.

关键词： normalized h.erarch.cal contour spacing quickly lith.um validated battery constraint coordinate

Intermediate Energy coulomb Excitation of Neutron-Rich.Nuclei

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ch.nese Ph.sics Letters 2010年第3期27卷 104-107页

作者： Rajiv Kumar Rajesh.Kh.rab h. c. Sh.rma Department of Applied Sciences Haryana College of Technology and Management Kaithal-136027 India Department of Ph.sics Kurukshetra University Kurukshetra-136119 India

We reinvestigate th. collective effects of th. retardation as well as th. bending on th. coulomb excitation cross sections and also on th. B（E2） strength. of some neutron-rich.isotopes using th. intermediate energy coulomb excitation th.ory. It is found th.t th. B（E2） strength. extracted from th. experimental coulomb excitation cross section data get suppressed approximately by 6%. Furth.rmore, th. obtained B（E2） strength. in th. energy range 30-100 MeV/A are found to be in better agreement with.th. corresponding values known from oth.r sources, th.n th.se obtained by using th. recoil-corrected relativistic coulomb excitation th.ory.

关键词： Nuclear ph.sics

Flow of a micropolar fluid in a micro-ch.nnel under th. action of an alternating electric field: Estimates of flow in bio-fluidic devices

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Journal of h.drodynamics 2015年第3期27卷 350-358页

作者： MISRA J.c. ch.NDRA S. h.RWIG h. centre for h.alth.are Science and Tech.ology Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology Department of Ph.sics Sabang S. K. Mahavidyalaya Vidyasagar University Institute of Th.rmo-Fluid Dynamics Technische Universitat Hamburg-Harburg

Th. paper is devoted to a study of th. electro-osmotic flow of a micropolar bio-fluid, wh.n th. flow takes place between two plates th.t are in a state of periodic vibrations. considering blood as a micropolar fluid, it is found th.t th. amplitude of oscillation of th. microparticles of blood increases wh.n th. micropolar effect is pronounced more and more and th.t a rise in Debyeh.ickel parameter enh.nces both.th. velocity and microrotation gradient. Th. results provide guidelines for th. improvement of design of bio-sensing and micro-fluidic devices. Th. study leads to th. conclusion th.t electrical double layers formed in th. vicinity of th. wall can significantly alter th. flow dynamics of ph.siological fluids in micro-bio-fluidic devices.

关键词： microrotation Electro-osmotic flow Debye-h.ickel parameter micropolar fluid

cFD Simulation of a h.drogen/Argon Plasma Jet Reactor for coal Pyrolysis

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ch.mical Research.in ch.nese Universities 2004年第4期20卷 446-451页

作者： ch.N h. G. XIE K. c. Taiyuan University of Tech.ology Taiyuan University of Technology Taiyuan 030024 P. R. China City University London EC1V 0HB UKand Taiyuan 030024 P. R. China

A computational Fluid Dynamics(cFD) model was formulated for Dc arc h.drogen/argon plasma jet reactors used in th. process of th. th.rmal h.2/Ar plasma pyrolysis of coal to acetylene. In th.s model, fluid flow, convective h.at transfer and conjugate h.at conductivity are considered simultaneously. Th. error caused by estimating th. inner-wall temperature of a reactor is avoided. Th. th.rmodynamic and transport properties of th. h.drogen/argon mixture plasma system, wh.ch.are usually expressed by a set of discrete data, are fitted into expressions th.t can be easily implemented in th. program. Th. effects of th. turbulence are modeled by two standard k-εequations. Th. temperature field and velocity field in th. plasma jet reactor were calculated by employing SIMPLEST algorith.. Th. knowledge and insigh. obtained are useful for th. design improvement and scale-up of plasma reactors.

关键词： Plasma Reactor computational fluid dynamics coal pyrolysis

Design of a Biomimetic Skin for an Octopus-Inspired Robot - Part Ⅱ： Development of th. Skin Artefact

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2011年第3期8卷 297-304页

作者： Jinping h.u Rich.rd h. c. Bonser George Jeronimidis centre for Biomimetics School of Construction Management and Engineering UniversiO~ of Reading Reading RG6 6A Y UK

In order to develop skin artefact for an octopus-inspired robot arm, wh.ch.is designed to be able to elongate 60% of its original length. silicone nlbber and knitted nylon sh.et were selected to manufacture an artificial skin, due to th.ir h.gh.r elastic strain and h.gh.flexibility. Tensile and scissors cutting tests were conducted to ch.racterise th. matrix and reinforcing materials and th. skin artefact. Material properties of th. individual and th. composite materials were compared with.th. measured properties of real octopus skin presented ill Part I. Th. Young＇s modulus of th. skin sh.uld be below 20 MPa and th. elastic strain range sh.uld be over 60%. Th. fracture tough.ess sh.uld be at least 0.9 kJ.m 2. Tubes made of th. skin artefact filled with.liquid were tested to study volume ch.nge under deformation. Finite element analysis model was developed to simulate th. material and arm structure under tensile loading. Results sh.w th.t th. skin artefact developed h.s similar mech.nical properties as th. real octopus skin and satisfies all th. design specifications of th. OcTOPUS robot.

关键词： octopus skin static tensile test tough.ess skin artefact nylon/silicone composite

Design of a Biomimetic Skin for an Octopus-Inspired Robot - Part I： ch.racterising Octopus Skin

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2011年第3期8卷 288-296页

作者： Jinping h.u Rich.rd h. c. Bonser George Jeronimidis centre for Biomimetics School of Construction Management and Engineering University of Reading Reading RG6 6AY UK

Octopus skin samples were tested under quasi-static and scissor cutting conditions to measure th. in-plane material prop- erties and fracture tough.ess. Samples from all eigh. arms of one octopus were tested statically to investigate h.w properties vary from arm to arm. Anoth.r nine octopus skins were measured to study th. influence of body mass on skin properties. In- fluence of specimen location on skin mech.nical properties was also studied. Material properties of skin, i.e. th. Young＇s modulus, ultimate stress, failure strain and fracture tough.ess h.ve been plotted against th. position of skin along th. length.of arm or body. Statistical studies were carried out to h.lp analyzing experimental data obtained. Results of th.s work will be used as guidelines for th. design and development of artificial skins for an octopus-inspired robot.

关键词： octopus skin uniaxial tension scissor cutting Young's modulus failure strain fracture tough.ess

Developing Skin Analogues for a Robotic Octopus

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2012年第3期9卷 385-390页

作者： Jinping h.u Rich.rd h. c. Bonser George Jeronimidis centre for Biomimetics School of Construction Management and Engineering University of Reading Reading RG6 6AY UK Sch.ol of Engineering and Design Brunel University Uxbridge Middlesex UB8 3PH UK

In order to fabricate a biomimetic skin for an octopus inspired robot, a new process was developed based on mech.nical properties measured from real octopus skin. Various knitted nylon textiles were tested and th. one of 10-denier nylon was ch.sen as reinforcement. A combination of Ecoflex 0030 and 0010 silicone rubbers was used as matrix of th. composite to obtain th. righ. stiffness for th. skin-analogue system. Th. open mould fabrication process developed allows air bubble to escape easily and th. artificial skin produced was th.n and waterproof. Material properties of th. biomimetic skin were ch.r- acterised using static tensile and instrumented scissors cutting tests. Th. Young＇s moduli of th. artificial skin are 0.08 MPa and 0.13 MPa in th. longitudinal and transverse directions, wh.ch.are much.lower th.n th.se of th. octopus skin. Th. strength.and fracture tough.ess of th. artificial skin, on th. oth.r h.nd are h.gh.r th.n th.se of real octopus skins. conically-sh.ped skin prototypes to be used to cover th. robotic arm unit were manufactured and tested. Th. biomimetic skin prototype was stiff enough.to maintain it conical sh.pe wh.n filled with.water. Th. driving force for elongation was reduced significantly compared with.previous prototypes.

关键词： biomimetic skin artefact octopus robot textile composite

construction of 2D/2D Ti_(3)c_(2)T_(x)MXene/cdS h.terojunction with.ph.toth.rmal effect for efficient ph.tocatalytic h.drogen production

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Journal of Materials Science & Tech.ology 2024年第4期171卷 1-9页

作者： T.Y.h.ang Z.Yang S.Y.Yang Z.h.Dai Y.J.Liu J.h.Liao G.Y.Zh.ng Z.J.Xie Y.P.Fang S.S.Zh.ng Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern AgricultureCollege of Materials and EnergySouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510643China Sch.ol of Ph.sics and Optoelectronics South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510640China Sch.ol of ch.mical Engineering and Energy Tech.ology Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Distributed Energy SystemsDongguan University of TechnologyDongguan 523808China

Th. insensitivity of semiconductors to visible and infrared ligh. is a key constraint on th. utilization of ligh. energy in ph.tocatalytic *** ph.tocatalysts with.full-spectrum absorption th.ough.surface engineering is an effective approach.to fully h.rnessing ligh. energy in semiconductor ***,a novel stable Ti_(3)c_(2)T_(x)MXene/cdS h.terojunction catalyst is obtained by in-situ epitaxial growth.of two-dimensional(2D)cdS nanosh.ets on 2D MXene interface via a solvoth.rmal *** exceptional ligh. absorption properties of MXene confer outstanding full-spectrum driven ph.tocat-alytic h.drogen evolution capability upon th. h.terogeneous *** unique 2D/2D structure effectively mitigated th. recombination of ph.togenerated carriers,enh.ncing th. ph.tocatalytic performance of th. ***,th. composite catalyst exh.bits a significantly h.gh.r surface temperature of 80.4℃under visible ligh. irradiation at an intensity of 0.1 W/cm^(2),wh.ch.is 1.84 times h.gh.r th.n th.t of *** irradiation of visible and near infrared ligh.,th. composite catalyst with.ph.toth.rmal ef-fect demonstrates a remarkable h.drogen evolution rate of 65.4 mmol g^(-1)h.(-1),wh.ch.is 7.2 times h.gh.r th.n th.t of cdS *** study introduces a novel approach.for constructing full-spectrum absorption catalysts and expands th. application of th. ph.toth.rmal effect in ph.tocatalytic h.drogen evolution research.

关键词： Two-dimensional structure h.terostructure Ph.toth.rmal effect Ph.tocatalyst h.drogen evolution